The Science of Brain Health and Cognitive Decline | Eric Kandel | Big Think
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- čas přidán 19. 08. 2024
- The Science of Brain Health and Cognitive Decline
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"Lifelong learning is extremely important," says Nobel laureate Dr. Eric Kandel, "and the more we learn about life span the more important we realize it is." As people age, they're susceptible to two kinds of cognitive decline. One is Alzheimer's disease, and the other is Age Related Memory Loss (ARML). These operate very differently, and while Alzheimer’s is still an urgent mystery for scientists to unlock, researchers have found that ARML can be prevented, and to some degree even reversed, says neuropsychiatrist Dr. Eric Kandel.
Things that can prevent and even wind back ARML are social involvement, learning new skills, learning a foreign language, physical exercise, a good diet and good health, and in the more micro view, a hormone called osteocalcin, which acts on the brain to enhance memory storage. Dr. Kandel explains the intricacies of this hormone, how to increase it, and the intriguing experiment that led to this realization.
Eric Kandel's most recent book is Reductionism in Art and Brain Science.
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ERIC KANDEL :
Dr. Eric Kandel is University Professor and Fred Kavli Professor and Director of the Kavli Institute for Brain Science at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. His most recent book is The Age of Insight: The Quest to Understand the Unconscious in Art, Mind, and Brain, from Vienna 1900 to the Present.
Kandel's research has shown that learning produces changes in behavior by modifying the strength of connections between nerve cells, rather than by altering the brain's basic circuitry. He went on to determine the biochemical changes that accompany memory formation, showing that short-term memory involves a functional modulation of the synapses while long-term memory requires the activation of genes and the synthesis of proteins to grow new synaptic connections. For this work, the Austrian-born Kandel was awarded the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
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TRANSCRIPT :
Eric Kandel: There are two major forms of learning: implicit or explicit or declarative and non-declarative. The simple form of learning, which I studied in Aplysia, which holds true for all invertebrate animals, is learning of perceptual and motor skills. More complex learning involves the hippocampus requires conches participation and it involves learning about people, places and objects. So two different systems, implicit learning, which does not involve conscious participation, involves a number of systems in the brain. In the simplest cases just reflects pathways themselves, but in other cases it could involve the amygdala for emotional learning, the basal ganglia for some motor tasks. So these are a variety of systems, but the hippocampus is not in any fundamental way involved. In the learning of people places and objects it involves conscious participation and it involves the hippocampus. The hippocampus is not critical throughout the lifetime of the memory, but it's critical for the initial storing and consolidation of the memory. So these are two very fundamental systems. Mammals have them both, invertebrate animals only have one.
Life long learning is extremely important and the more we learn about life span the more important we realize it is. First of all it's pleasurable. Most people after a while realize when they acquire new knowledge about something that it's really quite an enjoyable experience. But also it's like doing exercise, in fact it's exercise of the brain. It's good for you. So as people age they're susceptible to one of two kinds of cognitive declines. One is Alzheimer's disease, which begins in the 70s but becomes almost an epidemic when people are in their 90s when almost have the populations has Alzheimer's disease. And the other, which was only recently appreciated to be quite distinct from Alzheimer's disease, is called age related memory loss. The difference between Alzheimer's disease in the sense that it starts earlier, it starts in mid life; it involves a different part of the brain it starts in the dentate gyrus, Alzheimer's disease starts in the entorhinal cortex. And it is prevented. You can prevent it. And also to some degree you might be able to reverse it.
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This guy is doing great research!
Very cool, thank you, I found it. charlierose.com/collections/3
I learned long ago that what makes a long life worthwhile is the simple truth that the more I learn, the less I know.
Richard York You can say too that with every answer comes 100 more questions
Actually, the more you learn the more you know. "The more I learn, the less I know" sounds like someone's excuse for not wanting to learn more.
That's the old Socratic paradox. "I know only one thing: that I know nothing". The more you learn about the world, the less certain you become in your knowledge of it. Certainty should always be questioned.
@@ForAnAngel He meant to say that the more he knows the more he is aware of what is yet to be learned.
This is great info. Thanks to Eric Kandel for his work.
You forgot making new friends and learning a new musical instrument
as a social introvert who doesnt exercise much, FUCK
im everywhere
Social introvert lolz
Exercise alone then tsk tsk
You can exercise anywhere; not just in a crowded gym. I’m socially introverted and exercise 3-4 times a week.
So that lady who bathed in young girls blood might be onto something
Didn't work for Hillary Clinton.
I would gladly bathe in and drink the blood of children if it extended my life by even minutes.
BobbyBaboon what?
your nuts
Great talk!
I always wanted to know the difference in plasticity after aerobic and anaerobic exercise, anybody?
Psalm 68:23 "... YOUNGER foes..." Got it!
thanks for the video =)
The vampires were right all along.
LOL
so can Creb and RbAB48 be made n a lab?
Love your bow tie man
love it
So a bodybuilder has more potential to become a genius than a genuine nerd.
I always knew it.
They'd also have to try to actively learn new things in between all the getting pumped. There's the rub.
First you have to have a high rate of intelligence. Just pumping iron sill not make you a genius.
I choose him as my test subject on ear-research.
Neat
I'd really like to ask this man some questions about memory loss. I'm only 23 and I've noticed some memory and linguistic problems with myself starting when I was 20. He seems like he'd have some interesting answers.
charleybucketcdp - Hormones could be your problem also contraceptive hormonal treatment found to linked to the symptoms you describe. Hope that helps ☺
charleybucketcdp jkln
vs
Man this is old comment but I’m in your age now and I feel the same thing. In fact I feel like sometimes I cant hold my thought, another time people say something to me and I find it hard to remember if its about number or name.
Hey look, it's Uncle Junior! What kind of likeness is that?
Super interesting!
Astio calcio ?
i didnt know the 6 flags guy was so smart
How long before they try to sell an osteocalcin pill?
Subtitles
"Conches? participation"
conscious
The Blood is The Life.
Biochemistry is a marvellous subject, the other branches of science have reached a point of stagnation.
Why the hell all my subscription list about brain?
Well the brain is a very important thing for us humans.
This guy looks the dude that dances at SIx Flags
Looks like it didn't work on him...
thedanperezvids He wrote a current book, is a frequent expert guest on Charlie Rose, was a Nobel prize winner, and is a very active in the academy: you say it looks like it hasn't worked on him? How many of us at any age could have created and delivered the talk in this episode? He's a brilliant brain scientist who has aged more than gracefully.
Will you be that smart, look that good, and speak that well when you're 87?
Rand Huso: That was my point when I wrote the response to "thedanperezvidz." So we agree. 👍
Humor, people. It's called humor.
thedanperezvids: Got it, & I'm old enough not to be politically correct. But this guy's genius & humanity are well displayed on the programs he's guested on & the books he's written. He's someone I respect & I AM old enough to be a little offended on his behalf by cavalier & casual ridicule (something I've also been guilty of too many times), especially when it doesn't even make sense. I mean no disrespect towards you, Dan Perez. We're all just fallible ppl. Enough said on my part.
i like turtles!!!