What ever you think of the whole pyramids thing.....one thing is totally clear.....those Egyptians didn't know the phrase "that can't be done" and "that's to heavy man"
I have always been amazed how it was that they were able to hollow out the rose granite sarcophagus in the the kings chamber. It's not just hollowed out roughly, rather it is very smooth and almost perfectly squared.
They werent African, because if there only Egypt for the people arcthe time and some others, there just isnt something as Africa. But if it eases your mind, just dont make Cleopatra blackface again, ok, we agreed thats not ok anymore :-D
@@zakwanberlin Likey Mayans are Mexican poeple, not really, cant remember any scope of Egypitians having a mental concept of Afrika, there was Egypt and then Nubia to the south and maybe even lost civilisations in TODAYS Afrika somewhere else. Ca only see the name and concept of an Afrika coming up with greeks so making any connections to an "African global high " culture is at least semantic and in terms of world picture and mental overall understanding of the world without any use. As we have little evidence here in Europe of a high culture, so long ago, and there was much more connection among all european tribes and "states" its way easier to speak of ancient Europeans then ancient Africa as a whole. Probmelatic because when the term Africa probably came with the Greece to Egypt an bond to the "African" rulers had been cut, and Ptolemäic greeks like Cleopatra became the ruling class. So before there was no Africa as a term and concept, when it was there there was no ruling inheritent class any more.
The most credible line is his explanation of how they built the pyramids was "In a process we don't fully understand. " . The part about using harder stones, copper tools and a wooden mallets is embarrassing.
This is a clear demonstration that having a PHD does not mean you necessarily know all the answers. Limestone, a stone resulting from marine deposits in shallow seas of the shells of marine creatures, is laid down in layers. As the land is raised from plate motion and becomes exposed to the air it develops a hard rind on the exposed surface but the interior of the stone stays damp and can be very soft and easily cut for a fairly long time. It also has a tendency to break into bedding planes that make faults in the stone that are easily split. It does become hard over time but can be abraded away using sand and water. It was used in lithography for art prints and newspaper litho prints where in order to clean the stones of ink, carborundum was sprinkled onto a damp stone and another stone laid onto and then moved in a figure 8 pattern to grind down the surface of the stone. When the stone was clean the grit was washed away. In order to split large stones they would use a existing crack or create one by chipping away a row of holes with a harder stone or copper chisels (which were carefully maintained, sharpened and monitored everyday) then pounding in wood wedges in a row which were then soaked in water in the trench dug for the line of the split. As the wedges expanded the stone split. A similar process is still used by sculptors who work in stone today, but work with power tools. There are actually stones in quarries where you can see the incomplete process that were abandoned for one reason or another.
Yeah sure, they pounded granite with a harder stone and ended up with a perfectly flat surface. So flat that a modern straight edge placed on top of it would not permit a human hair to pass under it.
According to Bauval's Orion correlation theory, it should be interesting to calculate the proper motion of the Mintaka star in order to see if and when in time it may have matched perfectly with the pyramid of Menkaure at Giza, considering that this pyramid today is slightly offset from the others. I believe that going back in time we would find that the Mintaka star was perfectly aligned with the others as we see the three Pyramids today, giving us the exact construction date.
I know this is a widespread assumption that the casing stones of the pyramids we’re used to build monuments in cairo, but after talking with 5 Egyptologist in egypt who know cairo and the pyramids very well, denied this theory . There is zero proof that anyone demolished the pyramids to use it stones to build more stuff in cairo.
All tombs were highly decorated with objects and giffs The only reason it called kufs tomb is the miss spelled name found in the pyramid. The aliment of orian is off. It matches better with Sycness.
This is Michel Gamil RABBAT Egyptian American in Florida..good research ...also note the Savannah nomads such as AWSER AWSET( Osiris..Isis ) were ex perts at using biotite and basalt. harder than granite .slabs were started. by rubbing. back and forth a rope with. biotite chips and pwd.to create a straight groove.Pounding wooden mallets on Biotite chisels would produce e so a s to e floated down Toshka creek to the Nile . biotite was used on softer granite..granite on softer limestone..copper and. bronze were not often needed.
I believe they disliked it because we already know, they made the stones themselves and nobody is going 50 miles when we know u can make the stones out of what they had and it's been proven. U don't have no saws and other tools is because they didn't use none of the tools he's talking about, that's why because they know the man is guessing and it's what he believes. People don't want to know what he thinks, show us the truth, if u don't have the truth, why would you talk about what u don't know urself. It's not people believe in someone from space made these, we now know u can make the stones
They dislike the video because this guy brought or told truth about the Egyptian being African !! Now they figure out how the Egyptian built the pyramids, the stone are man made, this video is old 5 years old. It’s 2023 now
Quartz (sand) has a hardness of 7 to 7.5 on the Mohs scale. The hardness of Egypts Aswan Red Granite ranges between 6 and 7 on the Mohs scale. Copper has a hardness of 3. No way a copper tool can be used to cut granite with sand. As for the diorite balls... first, show us an attempt of cutting a granite slab with a diorite slab. You will fail. Second, the rule of thumb is a more precise tool must be used to make a less precise thing - thus, a flat surface can be made with a more accurate tool and not a diorite stone.
Wow. I didn't know there were that many people who actually believed the ancient alien nonsense. I can here to hear a lecture on the Great Pyramids and I was not disappointed.
@Metropcs Metropcs Yeah, there's a huge written and archeological record of the Egyptian Old Kingdom's corvée labor system. Basically the river floods a couple of months a year so the peasants pay tax by working for the king for a month or two each year.
@@CostaCola actually it was more like WPA... there is a village quite close to the Khufu that is the barracks (so to speak) for the workers. There is clear evidence to show how they lived... were well fed- meat every day (as evidenced by the quantity of bones) bread, beer... they were there during the flood season and then went back to their villages for the planting and harvest.
All over the Giza plateau are signs of high speed tooling. Black basalt and cyanite. Many have very complex yet perfect geometry. To cut these stones this accurate one needs accurate measurement.These tools like the saws show diameters up to 20 feet, but with thicknesses of under 3/4 of and inch. High speed tube drills running a 20,000 rpm with drill walls of less than 3mm and the cutting edge tapering to near zero, while being 8, 9 or 10 inches wide. We do not even have tools like that today. The Kings chamber is most challenging, with many seams so fine, it is even hard to tell if they are there visually. This being done is hard stone and multi-ton blocks. But what I do not understand is the Egyptians with a solid history of decorating every surface did not do 1 single image or word on these pyramids or the Bent and Red pyramids. The casing stones of the Bent pyramid are nearly perfect in fit but are fitting not just 2d but 3-d with all the adjacent stones. Many are "L" shaped. They call it a mistake yet it is the only one that has almost of the casing stones intact. These subsistence farmers created something people today marvel about. No wheel, horse or pulley.
Brush/// You really do not know what they did not have. They used sleds and rollers rather than wheels. But their chariots had wheels, and pulled by horses.
@@robiduff It might as well be aliens for all the proof presented on the subject. Egypt is plenty ancient without resorting to antediluvian fantasies that more often than not are proposed as provable from the LACK of proof.
If you look at the surfaces of these pyramid stones under an electron microscope you should be able to tell whether the surface was cut with sand and copper saw or another device. Maybe Myth busters TV program would be interested?
It is very possible that they cut the Limestone stones with a copper saw to a certain depth and the tapped into the cut groove wooden wedges along g the cut line. Pour water onto the wooden wedges and the wood swells to split the stone.
I have read the comments, which are predominantly negative. Why? I think the lecture is which insightful. Yes, there is speculation but that is par for course in ancient history
@@Wijdbdhxhd "To pound hard rock until it is absolutely precise and translucent and shining like the granite sarcophagus and the 70ton granite beams." I really don't think that you know what the word translucent means. All the wall, floor and ceiling stones of the chamber are OPAQUE pink granite. The sarcophagus is OPAQUE pink granite. Also there is a world of difference between "absolutely precise" on all side and simply complementary interlocking geometry - the actual walls themselves are clearly observable as not super smooth from mere photographs. Yes they are relatively smooth enough to give a nice amount of continuously reflective surface, but not perfectly smooth. Pounding the surface is hard yes, extremely labor intensive yes, but it is far from impossible. The actual process to make it relatively "shiny" requires polishing with first coarse and then fine abrasive materials, just as are employed when polishing gem stones far harder than any granite. The likely candidate is some sort of mat or papyrus with a glue like substance sticking sand to it - this would be drawn back and forth over the stone surface, just as we use sandpaper for polidhing surfaces today. You people really do make me laugh though. You act as if just because you're all a bunch of lazy, feckless wasters who would rather eat pieces of glass than do this by hand that people living 4500 years ago in vastly worse conditions wouldn't have a dramatically different work ethic than you do. It's exactly the same attitude you have about this that has native born Americans pissing on very well paid fruit/vegetable picking jobs on farms - because their culture has taught them that "they deserve more" than hard, menial work. Where as immigrants from the south where life is 100x harder will take the same work at 1/5th the pay and thank the heavens for that they have these opportunities (and of course the native born Americans still piss about the immigrants taking those jobs they don't even want). There's a saying that goes by "necessity is the mother of all invention" - well that describes ancient civilizations pretty perfectly. In the absence of modern comforts and technology the ancients simply made do with what they had and worked hard at it - and clearly adapted to the limits of the available materials to extend it to the natural apex of technology and skills that could be applied with them.
@@Wijdbdhxhd Nature abhors a vacuum. Either with technology, or with genetic exploitation of resources. Evolution by natural selection causes the genome to adapt over generations until it conforms to a previously unexploited ecological niche - this is how you get an explosion of genetic diversity in places like the Galapagos Islands. The difference is that technology is not bound by the limits of a single mutation to improve for the next generation. A single generation could easily make many leaps in scientific and technological advances when unbound by outside factors like religious persecution. Just look at how far western civilization exploded in technological advancement within the last 2 centuries to see how foolish it is to doubt what can happen in a relatively short time.
How did the ancient Egyptians cut granite? WATER!! Water under pressure cuts through all known material! Google waterjet. All you need to do is pressurize the water and produce a means to aim at what you are cutting. It cuts even diamonds like a knife through soft butter! The ancients used this means no doubt!
You obviously know absolutely nothing about cutting stone. I am a stonemason and I know for a fact, that it is not all that hard to cut and move stone with tools that were available to our ancestors at that time. Stop talking nonsense. By the way, we don't even use lasers today to cut stone, we use laser 'guided' tools.
Ok so how long would it take you to cut just one block . with the tools they had available to them 4000 years ago . I would guess it would take you about three months to cut just one block by hand .
I think they had quartz stone and maybe had diamond type object and found a way of cutting granite, if you cut a line across granite at a certain depth all aroung a block then keep tapping it twith a mallet the granite will crack and break
@@billford5553 Think more basic. The YT channel Scientists Against Myths have proven that cutting granite can be done with a basic copper saw blade and abrasives available to the Egyptians in the period. It's laborious but it doesn't take days to cut centimeters, more like hours Not just straight cutting, but also boring/coring drills too for splitting apart the granite much more quickly to tee up the sawing phase. Then bashing with diarite hammers to remove any excess spurs, and sand/corundum abrasives would be used to get it down to a relatively smooth surface once the block is separated from the ground.
Academy lecture full of garbage. This would have been believed 100 years ago. But now we understand all those theories are simply wrong. Why on earth do we still hang on to them. I'm clueless. If you don't know then just say you don't know and don't teach the poor kids wrong things and call it "knowledge".
what a gargled mess of mainstream facts from the academics that think they have the whole story right and theres nothing els to learn sense you know they know what happened thousands of years ago. sigh lets just keep on repeating the same thing over and over again.
Pounding stones, Copper chisels, & wooden mallets. That's all you need to build a pyramid boys and girls. Now write down those tools as answers on your exam paper and I'll give you all an "A" Shame on you mainstream Academia.
Precession is a 26.000 year cycle not 23.000 years. Its easy to determine the methods used . Just do 3D digital scanning of the kings chamber grand gallery serapeumboxes . You can then easily see whether it was a handjob or a machine I work often in egypt and visited the sites many times. If you ask a regular normal egyptian not the scumbags at the pyramids they will say they are about 7000 years old. Im a technician by trade and climbed in about 6 serapeum boxes . A couple of them could have been machined internally most of them not , simply to irregular surfaces . But yet again easy to determine with some good tools
"If you ask a regular normal egyptian not the scumbags at the pyramids they will say they are about 7000 years old." I've seen this argument before and it's perhaps the most neolithically idiotic statement about ancient history imaginable. Next up, we'll ask some random person in Scotland exactly who the Picts were, how they lived and what happened to them........ Needless to say any reasonable person would discard said average persons viewpoint as bumfluff. Oral traditions are inherently inaccurate because of the storage medium and method of transmission they entail. Some events, names, places get misremembered or completely forgotten, others are purposefully inflated to tell a good tale, or deflated so as not to scare children too much. The average Briton could not tell you much about British history beyond that someone made Stonehenge, Romans invaded us about the time of Caesar, they left a few hundred years later, then Saxons and Vikings invaded, then Norman's invaded and won the crown during the Battle of Hastings in 1066 (all British schoolchildren have this part hammered in with a vengeance) and after that 400-450 years of nothing until the nasty Henry VIII and his six wives, then Elizabeth 1st (the other 2 heirs are often skipped due to dying fast) and then nothing again until Victoria in the 1800s. Needless to say that this is only the very, very broadstrokes of British history, and even that is only significant for about half as much time as ancient Egypt was around at best. Using "local knowledge" as some barometer of truth for the pyramids and ancient Egyptians in general is utterly useless. The invasion of the Greeks will have diluted their ancient culture, the subjugation of them post Cleopatra/Antony's defeat will have done further damage, and the invasion of the Caliphate will have done worse still. The casing stones of the great pyramid are literally lining the new city the Caliphate built for themselves - that's how little respect they had for the ancient past of the country. "Im a technician by trade and climbed in about 6 serapeum boxes ." Well gee whoopteedoo - that doesn't mean a frickin thing at all. A technician of what? By what qualifications? Any references to show that this means a thing at all to the context of studying ancient artifacts? I keep seeing you people confused by differences in "precision" of the stone work from one example to another. Do you really believe that every single stone working artisan has exactly the same skill level and experience at their job? Same thing for arrogantly assuming that the sculptors were literate enough to carve the heiroglyph inscriptions - I hate to break it to you but business people have personal assistants/secretarial/office staff today too who handle the boring written stuff for people whose time is better spent sculpting. Inscriptions were very likely done by an entirely separate group of people, less talented at stone working but more knowledgable in scriptwork. Also we already know that those "boxes" are in fact bull sarcophagi from the bull worshiping cults of the era in which the serapeum was constructed - they actually found a bull mummy in one of them. Sadly without proper preparation for opening the lids and good preservation afterward mummies do not last long once exposed to the air, as can be seen on a recent documentary of an excavation looking for Cleopatra's tomb.
None of the three pyramids had "decorations" nor "gifts." No bodies either. The pyramids are precisely aligned with orion's belt in its position approximately 12500 BP. A misspelling in Egyptian hieroglyphs? Are you not high?
These monuments were for the message to the future and built too last , we have been denied the true message or celestial warning ? The records were found and taken away secretly so we may never know the truth ? The previous flood from ice age glaciers melted was devastation and may have been a meteor storm coming from the area of the sky looking towards Orion at a certain time ? Whatever the purpose it was very serious and not to be trivialized with fictional BS. Tombs are a bad joke of Egyptian Archeologist and academia let them get away with it if the Egyptians let academia look at the secret records the must have recovered from the Sphinx is my opinion !
There is no viable correlation between the Giza pyramids and Orion's anything. Remember, there was a fourth large pyramid in the complex which was dismantled in the 1730s.
@@elmustapha111 No, they didn't. You could make a limestone geopolymer concrete because limestone (sedimentary rock) is basically an aggregate material to begin with. Igneous rocks like granite are an entirely different ballgame - unless you happen to have something that can evenly heat the rocks to volcanic magma temperatures and pressures that is. Lasers and even heating are not exactly best bed fellows, lasers are designed for spot heating, and spread focusing them loses a massive amount of energy.
The pyramids are not burial chambers. All of the pyramids at giza have chambers with unique acoustic properties. It seems the great pyramid was the holding place for the ark of the covenant.
@@mattm.5436 in all of them they found either whole, damaged or in pieces from being broken in by grave robbers in antiquity. A lot of the robbers were the very people who helped build the pyramids. There are actually papyrus records about the trials.
The 1st.mistake is to dismiss a whole peoples spirituality and say the Pyramids are only about one individuals assent to eternity.A typical European mindset.This guy is guessing.He is insane if he thinks these Ancient Africans did not have machine cutting tools.This guy is certainly not and engineer.
ZZZZZZzzzzzzZZZZZZZzzzzzzz... "North, North... Why was he facing North? He was facing North because the Egyptians thought that there was something special about the Northern stars." Thanks Sherlock, you have solved the ancient Egyptian mysteries. This guy has nothing on J. Anthony West or G. Hancock.
West and Hancock have nothing on West and Hancock. They are consummate con artists inflating pseudo archaeology to sell books, merchandise, tours and lecture tickets. When sales dry up they turn on the water works and bitch about the academic establishment being mean to them. Well yeah, except replace mean with 'laugh at' because they don't substantiate their theories or acknowledge refuting evidence. West hand picked Schoch to do his water erosion schtick about the Sphinx enclosure, but several other notable geologists have offered their own plausible explanations (several in fact) that show Schoch clearly was purposefully discounting other evidence and geological knowledge to support the "Sphinx is much older!" thesis, a thesis which conveniently modified itself to an even older date after news of Gobekli Tepe went wide.
No king was every found in a pyramid in Egypt. Western Egyptologist call voids or spaces within the pyramid "King's Chamber" and "Queen's Chamber". No they are not. These are made-up imaginings of Western Egyptologists. These names appear nowhere in Egyptian history. They are not tombs. They were COMPLETED and SEALED for thousands of years with no bodies inside.
I wonder how people so knowledgeable and with so much knowledge manage to defend and preach theories with so many flaws ... the mathematical precision and the level of engineering required, do not sympathize with the methods defended by academics ... it is better to assume a mystery than to assume theories without any meaning ... today, with existing technology we would not know how to do it ... why defend the indefensible?
Because people say it was Aliens with high technology lol unless you believe in Aliens or some super being with magical powers then it was the egyptians, although its a fun story that's all it is
@@Psycho_Logical_631 yea, that's a strawman argument put forth by academics...🙄 As if the only two possibilities are 1. Dynastic Egyptians 2. Aliens. The pyramids were not built by the dynastic Egyptians, they were built by a pre-cataclysmic civilization , end of story. The Egyptologists' official story is an insult to engineers and expert builders who say unequivocally that you cannot build the PYRAMIDS with copper chisels and rope
You can tell the Ancient Egyptians were not their ancestors and had nothing to do with them. This is why it was so easy for them to destroy and deface the pyramids and artifacts.
Probably because it wasn't recorded for you, it was recorded for students and aspiring archaeologists, not armchair whingers like yourself who would never spend weeks at a time in a dusty ditch laboriously cataloguing pottery with little monetary reimbursement.
I can't watch. This guy is going with the idiot-fuck mainstream narrative of Khufu and Khafre built these with copper chisels, stone hammers and rope 🤦🤦
And on top of the common narrative misinformation you got to hear his dull, dry, unimaginative and incredibly smug voice if one does so choose to watch.
It takes as much wild speculation to say it's a tomb as it does saying it's a power plant. It has nothing in common with known tombs in Egypt. No engravings or images. But because we don't know what it is it's automatically called a tomb. The correct answer to what it was for is " we don't know ". The pyramid has such amazing acoustics and vibrates at a specific key it's as if it's tuned like a musical instrument. Why does a tomb need to be tuned to a specific key and vibrate like that??? The effort to achieve the acoustics it produces is for a reason. It suggests function. What for? We don't know. It's not a tomb and it's not a power plant either. The truth is likely somewhere in the middle
"It has nothing in common with known tombs in Egypt. No engravings or images." Oh dear...... The Gize pyramids were built around about 2600-2500 BC. This is literally 600-700 years after lower and upper Egypt were unified by Narmer. At that time the script known as Egyptian Heiroglyphs did not yet exist in a 'solid' form - it was not until the second dynasty that we even see the first heiroglyph inscription around 2890 - 2686 BC. So the linguistic status of the culture is still being established, even at the fourth dynasty time period it is still not ubiquitous and likely used mostly for trade and tax records by officials/scribes, such as the Diary of Merer from the period concerning multiple shipments of Tura limestone for some building project for Khufu. So that sorts out the lack of heiroglyphs. Now, we come to funerary traditions - at this point, they are also not so solid as later on. The first time we see funerary texts inside a Pyramid is in the Pyramid of Unas at the end of the 5th Dynasty. These are indeed heiroglyphs that marks the first use of a funerary text in ancient Egypt, and the beginning of an evolution into the later texts known commonly as the 'Book of the Dead'. So to put it simply, Egyptian practices of writing and funerary traditions were not yet even close to mature in the fourth dynasty period. The civilization was less than a thousand years old, with no preceding literate culture to inform their practices (like Britain after the Romans left), so they were essentially at a point of 'winging it' and trying new things. The pyramids themselves were evolving in the same time frame. Djoser and his architect Imhotep begin that evolution from the earlier single story mastabas with the Step Pyramid (basically many stacked mastabas) at the beginning of the 3rd dynasty. This design was further refined by Sneferu at the beginning of the 4th dynasty with the Red, Bent and Meidum pyramids, and his children and grandchildren in turn commissioned the Giza pyramid complex. All things here are evolving - but it does not stand to reason that just because big things CAN be made that they will continue to be.
@@mnomadvfx they had advanced mathematics and ability to blueprint and plan such a precise structure....but they had no writing. That's best joke I've heard in a long time 😂
this makes no sense. no way you can use a copper saw to cut these blocks. also using a harder stone to beat granite until its completely flat and smooth is just not possible. There are obvious cut marks from rotating tools like drills and round saw blades all over giza.
Somebody put that dolerite boulder in the corridor to put off the scent...just like that cartouch of cheops has been drawn up there... i think. What are the chances that the giza plateau is there to built to their wished specifications.. If you just stop for a moment and think about the megagantic scale of this project on the giza plateau it is very hard to belief that the builders did not want to be sure that people in the future will understand what the meaning is of their effort to create these pyramids. Therefore I think somebody is keeping this information secret or it has still to be found/ discovered.
@@peterhermit1830 1) the newly discovered Merer papyrus suggests that the pyramid was built in over 27 years 2) most of the pyramid is made out of soft limestone, which is easy to work 3) the granite was used only for the king's chamber, sarcophagus and a few granite plugs, all of which had plenty of time to be made in 20 years
the pyramids werent tombs, also it wasnt 2 types of pyramids, what about the bent pyramid? or the pyramid of meidum, where you can clearly see a much older structure under the outer layer of limestone? this lecture is pure bullshit
The Pyramids were obvisously a mechanism plant of some sort to harness energy. Infact, Bruce when explains that the kings chamber was made out of granite, he failed to mention it's pink granite; look into it. Two words, water and frequency.
Two words, kook and inept. The pyramid plant theory lacks basic understanding of electrical conduction. If it did generate any piezoelectric charge at all it would be small, and the piss poor conductivity of granite even at a small thickness would make any benefits redundant - let alone giant blocks dozens of tons in weight which would have a resistance so high that even the last moment power surge of the Chernobyl power plant would probably do no more than crack a block or 2 simply from resistive heating effect. Sorry mate, but physics is a cold bitch and your seductions of power plant fantasy are just not getting her wet.
@@k0smon "They were temples dedicated to the Osirian religion." Piss poor temples in that case. The Temple of Hathor has vastly more space within than any pyramid. The only sense in building a giant monumental building with extremely limited interior space is as either a tomb, or a marker for a tomb in which offerings can be made to the dead. So it is kind of a temple, except to their departed 'living' god who has rejoined his divine ancestors.
Blah blah blah if it isn't power tools I'm bored..... Clearly you weren't made for archaeology interests then. I suggest you go and join a religion/cult or perhaps a novel writing course? Those drink up fantasy!
@@mnomadvfx if you are content with the theory of how the ancient stone masons used pounders and copper tools cut and shape granite that's your prerogative.. personally however it just bores the crap outta me and hearing said theory given as factual by so called experts is just sad..
The Great Pyramid was discovered by the Egyptians not built by them. There was obviously a highly advanced civilization before us that some call "The First Age". Perhaps it was destroyed by some cataclysmic event like "The Great Flood" or something, who knows? Those funny shaped pyramids could have been an attempt to copy it. If only backward time travel were possible...
that first age was called zep tepi, i agree with you and im sure that the great pyramid wasnt build by the egyptians but by a more highly advanced civilization, the egyptians wrote everything down and on every building they build, yet.....no nothing on the great pyramid, strange....
6:00 a lotta stone vs stone and copper chisel talk found here. dynastic king, son and granson talk as well. the pbs special with the copper tubular drill demonstration, utilizing sand as a stone mason tool enhancement is pathetic. i keep.expecting zahi hawasz to come out, and explain which king built which one of these "twenty eight year" construction project. egyptologists say the best examples of pyramids are the fruition of the "art" of pyramid building. where, in actuality, the most impressive examples of construction, tunnel digging through bedrock, waterworks and "ceremonial sarcophogus" placements are the most ancient items found there in egypt: far older than they would like to admit. what they have no reasonable explanation for, costs the MOST to visit. off limits!! this lecture is pure poppycock. meh
This is ridiculous ! ( I feel for all them students being misled by this so-called Professor ! ) All I can say is, if I were in the audience, I would shame this guy right off the stage with my questions. This is "Academia" at it's best ! There is not an ounce of truth in this mans head, everything he is saying is pure BS. I hope them kids go and get some real knowledge instead of wasting their time in some university that pushes BS into you're head. This clown aught to go sit down. Peace.
"I hope them kids go and get some real knowledge instead of wasting their time in some university that pushes BS into you're head" As opposed to YT channels that offer 'revelations' based on older archaeologists work distorted far out of context by idiots who lack even the basic ability to read any ancient script, let alone understand the context in the writing..... (Lest we not forget often with a plea for cash somewhere in there) Yeeeeeaaaahhhhh, I'll stick with university.
What ever you think of the whole pyramids thing.....one thing is totally clear.....those Egyptians didn't know the phrase "that can't be done" and "that's to heavy man"
I have always been amazed how it was that they were able to hollow out the rose granite sarcophagus in the the kings chamber. It's not just hollowed out roughly, rather it is very smooth and almost perfectly squared.
Those ancient Africans were really amazing!
They werent African, because if there only Egypt for the people arcthe time and some others, there just isnt something as Africa. But if it eases your mind, just dont make Cleopatra blackface again, ok, we agreed thats not ok anymore :-D
@@herzkine they were African
@@zakwanberlin Likey Mayans are Mexican poeple, not really, cant remember any scope of Egypitians having a mental concept of Afrika, there was Egypt and then Nubia to the south and maybe even lost civilisations in TODAYS Afrika somewhere else. Ca only see the name and concept of an Afrika coming up with greeks so making any connections to an "African global high " culture is at least semantic and in terms of world picture and mental overall understanding of the world without any use. As we have little evidence here in Europe of a high culture, so long ago, and there was much more connection among all european tribes and "states" its way easier to speak of ancient Europeans then ancient Africa as a whole. Probmelatic because when the term Africa probably came with the Greece to Egypt an bond to the "African" rulers had been cut, and Ptolemäic greeks like Cleopatra became the ruling class. So before there was no Africa as a term and concept, when it was there there was no ruling inheritent class any more.
@@herzkine Mayans were the native people before they got mixed with the Spanish colonizers. Same with Egypt.
I see people have a hard time accepting ancient Egyptians as Africans. Lol
The most credible line is his explanation of how they built the pyramids was "In a process we don't fully understand. " . The part about using harder stones, copper tools and a wooden mallets is embarrassing.
Why embarrassing? That is exactly what they did use.
This is a clear demonstration that having a PHD does not mean you necessarily know all the answers. Limestone, a stone resulting from marine deposits in shallow seas of the shells of marine creatures, is laid down in layers. As the land is raised from plate motion and becomes exposed to the air it develops a hard rind on the exposed surface but the interior of the stone stays damp and can be very soft and easily cut for a fairly long time. It also has a tendency to break into bedding planes that make faults in the stone that are easily split. It does become hard over time but can be abraded away using sand and water. It was used in lithography for art prints and newspaper litho prints where in order to clean the stones of ink, carborundum was sprinkled onto a damp stone and another stone laid onto and then moved in a figure 8 pattern to grind down the surface of the stone. When the stone was clean the grit was washed away. In order to split large stones they would use a existing crack or create one by chipping away a row of holes with a harder stone or copper chisels (which were carefully maintained, sharpened and monitored everyday) then pounding in wood wedges in a row which were then soaked in water in the trench dug for the line of the split. As the wedges expanded the stone split. A similar process is still used by sculptors who work in stone today, but work with power tools. There are actually stones in quarries where you can see the incomplete process that were abandoned for one reason or another.
Yeah sure, they pounded granite with a harder stone and ended up with a perfectly flat surface. So flat that a modern straight edge placed on top of it would not permit a human hair to pass under it.
Actually 4 types of stone. Limestone, granite, quartzite and basalt
According to Bauval's Orion correlation theory, it should be interesting to calculate the proper motion of the Mintaka star in order to see if and when in time it may have matched perfectly with the pyramid of Menkaure at Giza, considering that this pyramid today is slightly offset from the others. I believe that going back in time we would find that the Mintaka star was perfectly aligned with the others as we see the three Pyramids today, giving us the exact construction date.
If ya really listening he’s giving us true gems dig in them sentences
He letting them know it was black people. Greek philosophers said it first and black ppl educated them.
Professor Davidovits proves that geopolymer cement was used to make the blocks.
I know this is a widespread assumption that the casing stones of the pyramids we’re used to build monuments in cairo, but after talking with 5 Egyptologist in egypt who know cairo and the pyramids very well, denied this theory . There is zero proof that anyone demolished the pyramids to use it stones to build more stuff in cairo.
Roman Fort was covered with these stones
Why is it when I type robert bauval in this comes up first 🤔
Me too... i think it's AL GO RHYTHM
All tombs were highly decorated with objects and giffs The only reason it called kufs tomb is the miss spelled name found in the pyramid. The aliment of orian is off. It matches better with Sycness.
Not in the old kingdom, bellend
How old is the crust on your pineal gland?
This is Michel Gamil RABBAT Egyptian American in Florida..good research ...also note the Savannah nomads
such as AWSER AWSET( Osiris..Isis ) were ex perts at using biotite and basalt. harder than granite .slabs were started.
by rubbing. back and forth a rope with. biotite chips and pwd.to create a straight groove.Pounding wooden mallets on
Biotite chisels would produce e so a s to e floated down Toshka creek to the Nile . biotite was used on softer granite..granite on softer limestone..copper and. bronze were not often needed.
you must be wondering why so many dislikes on this video. thats coming from the ancient aliens fans.
The Flat Earthers too
But he repeats some stuff that are unproved.
I believe they disliked it because we already know, they made the stones themselves and nobody is going 50 miles when we know u can make the stones out of what they had and it's been proven. U don't have no saws and other tools is because they didn't use none of the tools he's talking about, that's why because they know the man is guessing and it's what he believes. People don't want to know what he thinks, show us the truth, if u don't have the truth, why would you talk about what u don't know urself. It's not people believe in someone from space made these, we now know u can make the stones
They dislike the video because this guy brought or told truth about the Egyptian being African !! Now they figure out how the Egyptian built the pyramids, the stone are man made, this video is old 5 years old. It’s 2023 now
Quartz (sand) has a hardness of 7 to 7.5 on the Mohs scale. The hardness of Egypts Aswan Red Granite ranges between 6 and 7 on the Mohs scale. Copper has a hardness of 3. No way a copper tool can be used to cut granite with sand. As for the diorite balls... first, show us an attempt of cutting a granite slab with a diorite slab. You will fail. Second, the rule of thumb is a more precise tool must be used to make a less precise thing - thus, a flat surface can be made with a more accurate tool and not a diorite stone.
Wow. I didn't know there were that many people who actually believed the ancient alien nonsense.
I can here to hear a lecture on the Great Pyramids and I was not disappointed.
@Metropcs Metropcs Yeah, there's a huge written and archeological record of the Egyptian Old Kingdom's corvée labor system. Basically the river floods a couple of months a year so the peasants pay tax by working for the king for a month or two each year.
Some people are stupid. You cannot fix stupid.
@@CostaCola actually it was more like WPA... there is a village quite close to the Khufu that is the barracks (so to speak) for the workers. There is clear evidence to show how they lived... were well fed- meat every day (as evidenced by the quantity of bones) bread, beer... they were there during the flood season and then went back to their villages for the planting and harvest.
Wil he rethink his ideals now that they found that city in Turkey? Which predates the pyramids?
All over the Giza plateau are signs of high speed tooling. Black basalt and cyanite. Many have very complex yet perfect geometry. To cut these stones this accurate one needs accurate measurement.These tools like the saws show diameters up to 20 feet, but with thicknesses of under 3/4 of and inch. High speed tube drills running a 20,000 rpm with drill walls of less than 3mm and the cutting edge tapering to near zero, while being 8, 9 or 10 inches wide. We do not even have tools like that today.
The Kings chamber is most challenging, with many seams so fine, it is even hard to tell if they are there visually. This being done is hard stone and multi-ton blocks.
But what I do not understand is the Egyptians with a solid history of decorating every surface did not do 1 single image or word on these pyramids or the Bent and Red pyramids.
The casing stones of the Bent pyramid are nearly perfect in fit but are fitting not just 2d but 3-d with all the adjacent stones. Many are "L" shaped. They call it a mistake yet it is the only one that has almost of the casing stones intact.
These subsistence farmers created something people today marvel about. No wheel, horse or pulley.
Brush/// You really do not know what they did not have. They used sleds and rollers rather than wheels. But their chariots had wheels, and pulled by horses.
They didn’t decorate the stone in old kingdom.
I'm just trying to get a good grade on my history of architecture class and everyone in the comments is talking about ancient aliens
ancient civilizations
@@robiduff It might as well be aliens for all the proof presented on the subject.
Egypt is plenty ancient without resorting to antediluvian fantasies that more often than not are proposed as provable from the LACK of proof.
If you look at the surfaces of these pyramid stones under an electron microscope
you should be able to tell whether the surface was cut with sand and copper saw or
another device. Maybe Myth busters TV program would be interested?
They are paid actors and shills. The tried to discredit Nikola Tesla a man smarter than Einstein.
It is very possible that they cut the Limestone stones with a copper saw to a certain depth and the tapped into the cut groove wooden wedges along g the cut line. Pour water onto the wooden wedges and the wood swells to split the stone.
Excellent!!!
I have read the comments, which are predominantly negative. Why? I think the lecture is which insightful. Yes, there is speculation but that is par for course in ancient history
Yeah alot of these people seem to assume that some supernatural designer made the pyramids. If you read some of their comments they sound like nuts.
@@Wijdbdhxhd "To pound hard rock until it is absolutely precise and translucent and shining like the granite sarcophagus and the 70ton granite beams."
I really don't think that you know what the word translucent means.
All the wall, floor and ceiling stones of the chamber are OPAQUE pink granite.
The sarcophagus is OPAQUE pink granite.
Also there is a world of difference between "absolutely precise" on all side and simply complementary interlocking geometry - the actual walls themselves are clearly observable as not super smooth from mere photographs.
Yes they are relatively smooth enough to give a nice amount of continuously reflective surface, but not perfectly smooth.
Pounding the surface is hard yes, extremely labor intensive yes, but it is far from impossible.
The actual process to make it relatively "shiny" requires polishing with first coarse and then fine abrasive materials, just as are employed when polishing gem stones far harder than any granite.
The likely candidate is some sort of mat or papyrus with a glue like substance sticking sand to it - this would be drawn back and forth over the stone surface, just as we use sandpaper for polidhing surfaces today.
You people really do make me laugh though.
You act as if just because you're all a bunch of lazy, feckless wasters who would rather eat pieces of glass than do this by hand that people living 4500 years ago in vastly worse conditions wouldn't have a dramatically different work ethic than you do.
It's exactly the same attitude you have about this that has native born Americans pissing on very well paid fruit/vegetable picking jobs on farms - because their culture has taught them that "they deserve more" than hard, menial work.
Where as immigrants from the south where life is 100x harder will take the same work at 1/5th the pay and thank the heavens for that they have these opportunities (and of course the native born Americans still piss about the immigrants taking those jobs they don't even want).
There's a saying that goes by "necessity is the mother of all invention" - well that describes ancient civilizations pretty perfectly.
In the absence of modern comforts and technology the ancients simply made do with what they had and worked hard at it - and clearly adapted to the limits of the available materials to extend it to the natural apex of technology and skills that could be applied with them.
@@Wijdbdhxhd Nature abhors a vacuum.
Either with technology, or with genetic exploitation of resources.
Evolution by natural selection causes the genome to adapt over generations until it conforms to a previously unexploited ecological niche - this is how you get an explosion of genetic diversity in places like the Galapagos Islands.
The difference is that technology is not bound by the limits of a single mutation to improve for the next generation.
A single generation could easily make many leaps in scientific and technological advances when unbound by outside factors like religious persecution.
Just look at how far western civilization exploded in technological advancement within the last 2 centuries to see how foolish it is to doubt what can happen in a relatively short time.
The majority of comments below include assumptions, and criticisms that are not accurate or germane to this quick, solid presentation.
The royals sat in those chambers while astra projecting out the body/vessel haunting the wicked.
No real pictorial of the original tunnelling around 5e granite plugs, he needs to do more to make his lectures interesting
How did the ancient Egyptians cut granite? WATER!! Water under pressure cuts through all known material! Google waterjet. All you need to do is pressurize the water and produce a means to aim at what you are cutting. It cuts even diamonds like a knife through soft butter! The ancients used this means no doubt!
You obviously know absolutely nothing about cutting stone. I am a stonemason and I know for a fact, that it is not all that hard to cut and move stone with tools that were available to our ancestors at that time. Stop talking nonsense. By the way, we don't even use lasers today to cut stone, we use laser 'guided' tools.
Ok so how long would it take you to cut just one block . with the tools they had available to them 4000 years ago . I would guess it would take you about three months to cut just one block by hand .
I think they had quartz stone and maybe had diamond type object and found a way of cutting granite, if you cut a line across granite at a certain depth all aroung a block then keep tapping it twith a mallet the granite will crack and break
@@billford5553 Think more basic.
The YT channel Scientists Against Myths have proven that cutting granite can be done with a basic copper saw blade and abrasives available to the Egyptians in the period.
It's laborious but it doesn't take days to cut centimeters, more like hours
Not just straight cutting, but also boring/coring drills too for splitting apart the granite much more quickly to tee up the sawing phase.
Then bashing with diarite hammers to remove any excess spurs, and sand/corundum abrasives would be used to get it down to a relatively smooth surface once the block is separated from the ground.
Academy lecture full of garbage. This would have been believed 100 years ago. But now we understand all those theories are simply wrong. Why on earth do we still hang on to them. I'm clueless. If you don't know then just say you don't know and don't teach the poor kids wrong things and call it "knowledge".
Antenna or special energy plant for other civilization from another planets
Are you Rod's brother?
what a gargled mess of mainstream facts from the academics that think they have the whole story right and theres nothing els to learn sense you know they know what happened thousands of years ago. sigh lets just keep on repeating the same thing over and over again.
Pounding stones, Copper chisels, & wooden mallets. That's all you need to build a pyramid boys and girls.
Now write down those tools as answers on your exam paper and I'll give you all an "A"
Shame on you mainstream Academia.
I'm assuming you have better archeological evidence and facts to support a theory?
Precession is a 26.000 year cycle not 23.000 years.
Its easy to determine the methods used .
Just do 3D digital scanning of the kings chamber grand gallery serapeumboxes .
You can then easily see whether it was a handjob or a machine
I work often in egypt and visited the sites many times.
If you ask a regular normal egyptian not the scumbags at the pyramids they will say they are about 7000 years old.
Im a technician by trade and climbed in about 6 serapeum boxes .
A couple of them could have been machined internally most of them not , simply to irregular surfaces .
But yet again easy to determine with some good tools
"If you ask a regular normal egyptian not the scumbags at the pyramids they will say they are about 7000 years old."
I've seen this argument before and it's perhaps the most neolithically idiotic statement about ancient history imaginable.
Next up, we'll ask some random person in Scotland exactly who the Picts were, how they lived and what happened to them........
Needless to say any reasonable person would discard said average persons viewpoint as bumfluff.
Oral traditions are inherently inaccurate because of the storage medium and method of transmission they entail.
Some events, names, places get misremembered or completely forgotten, others are purposefully inflated to tell a good tale, or deflated so as not to scare children too much.
The average Briton could not tell you much about British history beyond that someone made Stonehenge, Romans invaded us about the time of Caesar, they left a few hundred years later, then Saxons and Vikings invaded, then Norman's invaded and won the crown during the Battle of Hastings in 1066 (all British schoolchildren have this part hammered in with a vengeance) and after that 400-450 years of nothing until the nasty Henry VIII and his six wives, then Elizabeth 1st (the other 2 heirs are often skipped due to dying fast) and then nothing again until Victoria in the 1800s.
Needless to say that this is only the very, very broadstrokes of British history, and even that is only significant for about half as much time as ancient Egypt was around at best.
Using "local knowledge" as some barometer of truth for the pyramids and ancient Egyptians in general is utterly useless.
The invasion of the Greeks will have diluted their ancient culture, the subjugation of them post Cleopatra/Antony's defeat will have done further damage, and the invasion of the Caliphate will have done worse still.
The casing stones of the great pyramid are literally lining the new city the Caliphate built for themselves - that's how little respect they had for the ancient past of the country.
"Im a technician by trade and climbed in about 6 serapeum boxes ."
Well gee whoopteedoo - that doesn't mean a frickin thing at all.
A technician of what? By what qualifications? Any references to show that this means a thing at all to the context of studying ancient artifacts?
I keep seeing you people confused by differences in "precision" of the stone work from one example to another.
Do you really believe that every single stone working artisan has exactly the same skill level and experience at their job?
Same thing for arrogantly assuming that the sculptors were literate enough to carve the heiroglyph inscriptions - I hate to break it to you but business people have personal assistants/secretarial/office staff today too who handle the boring written stuff for people whose time is better spent sculpting.
Inscriptions were very likely done by an entirely separate group of people, less talented at stone working but more knowledgable in scriptwork.
Also we already know that those "boxes" are in fact bull sarcophagi from the bull worshiping cults of the era in which the serapeum was constructed - they actually found a bull mummy in one of them.
Sadly without proper preparation for opening the lids and good preservation afterward mummies do not last long once exposed to the air, as can be seen on a recent documentary of an excavation looking for Cleopatra's tomb.
At least he's hip to the street. Referring to The Pyramids as "Bad Boys" and such.
90% guesswork presented as fact.
None of the three pyramids had "decorations" nor "gifts." No bodies either. The pyramids are precisely aligned with orion's belt in its position approximately 12500 BP. A misspelling in Egyptian hieroglyphs? Are you not high?
These monuments were for the message to the future and built too last , we have been denied the true message or celestial warning ?
The records were found and taken away secretly so we may never know the truth ?
The previous flood from ice age glaciers melted was devastation and may have been a meteor storm coming from the area of the sky looking towards Orion at a certain time ?
Whatever the purpose it was very serious and not to be trivialized with fictional BS.
Tombs are a bad joke of Egyptian Archeologist and academia let them get away with it if the Egyptians let academia look at the secret records the must have recovered from the Sphinx is my opinion !
There is no viable correlation between the Giza pyramids and Orion's anything. Remember, there was a fourth large pyramid in the complex which was dismantled in the 1730s.
I know about cutting stones and I say the only way they could hav cut those slabs were with lazer.
You are smarter then this guy
Ok if that's your guess... What kind of laser and detail the procedure please...
They cemented the blocks. They were more intelligent than we think. They probably had a lot of knowledge, mathematics/physics/chemistry etc.
Well they do say that ignorance is a virtue.....
Oh, no wait.... that was patience wasn't it??!!
@@elmustapha111 No, they didn't.
You could make a limestone geopolymer concrete because limestone (sedimentary rock) is basically an aggregate material to begin with.
Igneous rocks like granite are an entirely different ballgame - unless you happen to have something that can evenly heat the rocks to volcanic magma temperatures and pressures that is.
Lasers and even heating are not exactly best bed fellows, lasers are designed for spot heating, and spread focusing them loses a massive amount of energy.
My guess = The kings chamber is a giant echo chamber.
Sad part, talking to a pack of kids that don’t know he fill nonsense! Well maybe! That was a jumble of info with little to no context or conclusion!
Egyptians gave the contract to an alien intergalactic construction company who built the pyramids.
😑
The pyramids are not burial chambers. All of the pyramids at giza have chambers with unique acoustic properties. It seems the great pyramid was the holding place for the ark of the covenant.
mmm and that would explain the sarcophaguss how?
@@daniadejonghe4980 Who says it was a Sarcaphagus…
@@mattm.5436 in all of them they found either whole, damaged or in pieces from being broken in by grave robbers in antiquity. A lot of the robbers were the very people who helped build the pyramids. There are actually papyrus records about the trials.
The 1st.mistake is to dismiss a whole peoples spirituality and say the Pyramids are only about one individuals assent to eternity.A typical European mindset.This guy is guessing.He is insane if he thinks these Ancient Africans did not have machine cutting tools.This guy is certainly not and engineer.
ZZZZZZzzzzzzZZZZZZZzzzzzzz... "North, North... Why was he facing North? He was facing North because the Egyptians thought that there was something special about the Northern stars." Thanks Sherlock, you have solved the ancient Egyptian mysteries.
This guy has nothing on J. Anthony West or G. Hancock.
West and Hancock have nothing on West and Hancock.
They are consummate con artists inflating pseudo archaeology to sell books, merchandise, tours and lecture tickets.
When sales dry up they turn on the water works and bitch about the academic establishment being mean to them.
Well yeah, except replace mean with 'laugh at' because they don't substantiate their theories or acknowledge refuting evidence.
West hand picked Schoch to do his water erosion schtick about the Sphinx enclosure, but several other notable geologists have offered their own plausible explanations (several in fact) that show Schoch clearly was purposefully discounting other evidence and geological knowledge to support the "Sphinx is much older!" thesis, a thesis which conveniently modified itself to an even older date after news of Gobekli Tepe went wide.
Harder stone? Copper tools? Right.
The moon is made of cheese?
Of course it is, haven't you seen Wallace and Gromit?
his Body language is supressing you ,don't know why he just doesn't use a cattle prod !
No king was every found in a pyramid in Egypt. Western Egyptologist call voids or spaces within the pyramid "King's Chamber" and "Queen's Chamber". No they are not. These are made-up imaginings of Western Egyptologists. These names appear nowhere in Egyptian history. They are not tombs. They were COMPLETED and SEALED for thousands of years with no bodies inside.
I wonder how people so knowledgeable and with so much knowledge manage to defend and preach theories with so many flaws ... the mathematical precision and the level of engineering required, do not sympathize with the methods defended by academics ... it is better to assume a mystery than to assume theories without any meaning ... today, with existing technology we would not know how to do it ... why defend the indefensible?
Because people say it was Aliens with high technology lol unless you believe in Aliens or some super being with magical powers then it was the egyptians, although its a fun story that's all it is
@@Psycho_Logical_631 yea, that's a strawman argument put forth by academics...🙄
As if the only two possibilities are
1. Dynastic Egyptians
2. Aliens.
The pyramids were not built by the dynastic Egyptians, they were built by a pre-cataclysmic civilization , end of story.
The Egyptologists' official story is an insult to engineers and expert builders who say unequivocally that you cannot build the PYRAMIDS with copper chisels and rope
You can tell the Ancient Egyptians were not their ancestors and had nothing to do with them. This is why it was so easy for them to destroy and deface the pyramids and artifacts.
Ten minutes and I’m like... don’t waste my time.
Probably because it wasn't recorded for you, it was recorded for students and aspiring archaeologists, not armchair whingers like yourself who would never spend weeks at a time in a dusty ditch laboriously cataloguing pottery with little monetary reimbursement.
Yo the way this guy walks lol
I can't watch. This guy is going with the idiot-fuck mainstream narrative of Khufu and Khafre built these with copper chisels, stone hammers and rope 🤦🤦
And on top of the common narrative misinformation you got to hear his dull, dry, unimaginative and incredibly smug voice if one does so choose to watch.
It takes as much wild speculation to say it's a tomb as it does saying it's a power plant. It has nothing in common with known tombs in Egypt. No engravings or images. But because we don't know what it is it's automatically called a tomb. The correct answer to what it was for is " we don't know ". The pyramid has such amazing acoustics and vibrates at a specific key it's as if it's tuned like a musical instrument. Why does a tomb need to be tuned to a specific key and vibrate like that??? The effort to achieve the acoustics it produces is for a reason. It suggests function. What for? We don't know. It's not a tomb and it's not a power plant either. The truth is likely somewhere in the middle
"It has nothing in common with known tombs in Egypt. No engravings or images."
Oh dear......
The Gize pyramids were built around about 2600-2500 BC.
This is literally 600-700 years after lower and upper Egypt were unified by Narmer.
At that time the script known as Egyptian Heiroglyphs did not yet exist in a 'solid' form - it was not until the second dynasty that we even see the first heiroglyph inscription around 2890 - 2686 BC.
So the linguistic status of the culture is still being established, even at the fourth dynasty time period it is still not ubiquitous and likely used mostly for trade and tax records by officials/scribes, such as the Diary of Merer from the period concerning multiple shipments of Tura limestone for some building project for Khufu.
So that sorts out the lack of heiroglyphs.
Now, we come to funerary traditions - at this point, they are also not so solid as later on.
The first time we see funerary texts inside a Pyramid is in the Pyramid of Unas at the end of the 5th Dynasty.
These are indeed heiroglyphs that marks the first use of a funerary text in ancient Egypt, and the beginning of an evolution into the later texts known commonly as the 'Book of the Dead'.
So to put it simply, Egyptian practices of writing and funerary traditions were not yet even close to mature in the fourth dynasty period.
The civilization was less than a thousand years old, with no preceding literate culture to inform their practices (like Britain after the Romans left), so they were essentially at a point of 'winging it' and trying new things.
The pyramids themselves were evolving in the same time frame.
Djoser and his architect Imhotep begin that evolution from the earlier single story mastabas with the Step Pyramid (basically many stacked mastabas) at the beginning of the 3rd dynasty.
This design was further refined by Sneferu at the beginning of the 4th dynasty with the Red, Bent and Meidum pyramids, and his children and grandchildren in turn commissioned the Giza pyramid complex.
All things here are evolving - but it does not stand to reason that just because big things CAN be made that they will continue to be.
@@mnomadvfx they had advanced mathematics and ability to blueprint and plan such a precise structure....but they had no writing. That's best joke I've heard in a long time 😂
They are not aligned.
this makes no sense. no way you can use a copper saw to cut these blocks. also using a harder stone to beat granite until its completely flat and smooth is just not possible. There are obvious cut marks from rotating tools like drills and round saw blades all over giza.
Another one who makes up things. Even close to lying stories in a blender.
The pyramids were built by aliens.
By the teletubbies, to be exact. With a plethora of bunnies hopping about.
Praise Satan aka Tinkie Winkie, Lala, DIpsy and Po.
It’s hard to take someone serious when they don’t have shoes on.
Somebody put that dolerite boulder in the corridor to put off the scent...just like that cartouch of cheops has been drawn up there... i think. What are the chances that the giza plateau is there to built to their wished specifications.. If you just stop for a moment and think about the megagantic scale of this project on the giza plateau it is very hard to belief that the builders did not want to be sure that people in the future will understand what the meaning is of their effort to create these pyramids. Therefore I think somebody is keeping this information secret or it has still to be found/ discovered.
pyramids not built by Egypt.
nope.
So they did it with some hard rock balls and copper tools. Ha ha. Modern evidence suggests not
On the contrary, experimental archaeology has proven that both methods work.
They used sand. It's easy to cut granite with a saw with no teeth and sand. It takes a long long time tho
MrAchile13 Yes we know it works, but I’d like to see it done in 20 years
@@peterhermit1830 1) the newly discovered Merer papyrus suggests that the pyramid was built in over 27 years
2) most of the pyramid is made out of soft limestone, which is easy to work
3) the granite was used only for the king's chamber, sarcophagus and a few granite plugs, all of which had plenty of time to be made in 20 years
You forgot sand and wood.
If you get 4 mins out of me i will be surprised?? Nope. Bye...
that's 6 minutes of my life flushed down the toilet.
the pyramids werent tombs, also it wasnt 2 types of pyramids, what about the bent pyramid? or the pyramid of meidum, where you can clearly see a much older structure under the outer layer of limestone? this lecture is pure bullshit
If he's talking Giza then Bent and Meidum are irrelevant, they are not at Giza.
TROLL,
Nonsense regurgitation of myths
The Pyramids were obvisously a mechanism plant of some sort to harness energy. Infact, Bruce when explains that the kings chamber was made out of granite, he failed to mention it's pink granite; look into it. Two words, water and frequency.
JC///// No they were not. That is some very inventive imagination. They were temples dedicated to the Osirian religion.
Two words, kook and inept.
The pyramid plant theory lacks basic understanding of electrical conduction.
If it did generate any piezoelectric charge at all it would be small, and the piss poor conductivity of granite even at a small thickness would make any benefits redundant - let alone giant blocks dozens of tons in weight which would have a resistance so high that even the last moment power surge of the Chernobyl power plant would probably do no more than crack a block or 2 simply from resistive heating effect.
Sorry mate, but physics is a cold bitch and your seductions of power plant fantasy are just not getting her wet.
@@k0smon "They were temples dedicated to the Osirian religion."
Piss poor temples in that case.
The Temple of Hathor has vastly more space within than any pyramid.
The only sense in building a giant monumental building with extremely limited interior space is as either a tomb, or a marker for a tomb in which offerings can be made to the dead.
So it is kind of a temple, except to their departed 'living' god who has rejoined his divine ancestors.
Those two teachers at the front with their feet up on the stage! No manners whatsoever!!
You almost cant be more wrong
blah blah..dolerite pounders..blah blah copper saw and sand...blah..
Blah blah blah if it isn't power tools I'm bored.....
Clearly you weren't made for archaeology interests then.
I suggest you go and join a religion/cult or perhaps a novel writing course?
Those drink up fantasy!
@@mnomadvfx if you are content with the theory of how the ancient stone masons used pounders and copper tools cut and shape granite that's your prerogative.. personally however it just bores the crap outta me and hearing said theory given as factual by so called experts is just sad..
The Great Pyramid was discovered by the Egyptians not built by them. There was obviously a highly advanced civilization before us that some call "The First Age". Perhaps it was destroyed by some cataclysmic event like "The Great Flood" or something, who knows? Those funny shaped pyramids could have been an attempt to copy it. If only backward time travel were possible...
that first age was called zep tepi, i agree with you and im sure that the great pyramid wasnt build by the egyptians but by a more highly advanced civilization, the egyptians wrote everything down and on every building they build, yet.....no nothing on the great pyramid, strange....
Y’all are desperate
6:00 a lotta stone vs stone and copper chisel talk found here. dynastic king, son and granson talk as well. the pbs special with the copper tubular drill demonstration, utilizing sand as a stone mason tool enhancement is pathetic. i keep.expecting zahi hawasz to come out, and explain which king built which one of these "twenty eight year" construction project. egyptologists say the best examples of pyramids are the fruition of the "art" of pyramid building. where, in actuality, the most impressive examples of construction, tunnel digging through bedrock, waterworks and "ceremonial sarcophogus" placements are the most ancient items found there in egypt: far older than they would like to admit. what they have no reasonable explanation for, costs the MOST to visit. off limits!! this lecture is pure poppycock. meh
What a load of crap
How. Is. This. A. Teacher
This is ridiculous ! ( I feel for all them students being misled by this so-called Professor ! ) All I can say is, if I were in the audience, I would shame this guy right off the stage with my questions. This is "Academia" at it's best ! There is not an ounce of truth in this mans head, everything he is saying is pure BS. I hope them kids go and get some real knowledge instead of wasting their time in some university that pushes BS into you're head. This clown aught to go sit down. Peace.
"I hope them kids go and get some real knowledge instead of wasting their time in some university that pushes BS into you're head"
As opposed to YT channels that offer 'revelations' based on older archaeologists work distorted far out of context by idiots who lack even the basic ability to read any ancient script, let alone understand the context in the writing.....
(Lest we not forget often with a plea for cash somewhere in there)
Yeeeeeaaaahhhhh, I'll stick with university.