The Island of California - History's Biggest Map Mistakes
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- čas přidán 21. 07. 2024
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Ever failed a geography test? Well imagine failing so badly that people actually think your answer was right and they go with it anyways.
Thanks to Atlas Pro for reading an excerpt from Las Sergas de Esplandián! / @atlaspro1
MUSIC:
"Suvaco do Cristo" by Kevin Macleod
"The Red Soil" by Saira Ridley*
"Chee Zee Jungle" by Kevin Macleod
"Unchartered" by Taomito*
"When I Do This" by Esme Cruz*
"All Men on Deck" by Bonnie Grace*
"On a Hunt" by Philip Ayer*
(*via EpidemicSound)
👕 MERCH!
crowdmade.com/collections/kha...
📖 SOURCES:
The Phantom Atlas: The Greatest Myths, Lies and Blunders on Maps - by Edward Brooke-Hitching
- Australia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_ta...
The Friend of Australia, Thomas J. Maslen: archive.org/details/friendaus...
- California
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History...)
- Lemuria
people.wku.edu/charles.smith/c...
blogs.scientificamerican.com/...
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Chapter markers:
0:00 Intro
0:41 Australia's Inland Sea
2:51 The Island of California
5:49 The "Lost" Continent of Lemuria
9:28 Funny NordVPN ad
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E
Hi
Æ
Approved by a turtle
3 days ago
I was doing homework but this is more important
I was chatting with my gf but i saw this and muted her on fb messenger bcoz thiz iz important
Go do your work bro
@@nathan-iz2bq hai done
@@mysterious7215 well done
Do your homework instead
-me, someone that isnt doing their homework and watching this instead
I don't know if you planned the easter egg at 4:16, but "surrounded by the sea" and the little Spain cartoon saying "sí" lined up perfectly
Oh yes, that was very much intentional
Surrounded by the yes!
@@KhAnubis lol
Este es una isla = this (masc) is an island (fem)
@@KhAnubis *was it*
I read the title as history’s largest milkshake
Mmmmmmmm
@@orans_ Ara ara, *RAWR*
Who wrote this comment for you?
Mmmm... Largest milkshake... *Drooling Homer Simpson noises*
Lool
Honestly, the “California is an Island” timeline would be the best timeline.
Loki Side Effects?
@@krishnagreat5 ?
@@krishnagreat5 what? What does loki has anything to do with it?
@@balashibuyeeter2704 ig the world may never know😔
But they even made a map where Japan was part of North America and not on Asian side and that's really weird. And could you imagine if Japan is actually a North American country rather than an Asian country? 🤔
I'm from Baja California. We were taught that the spanish believed this land was ruled by a tribe of female warriors, like the Amazonians. Calafia was the name of their queen
Yeah, it's a fictionalized story created by the Spaniard poet Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo.
De hecho creo que el nombre fue acuñado por un enemigo de cortes después del fracaso de poner una colonia aquí (la paz), y el señor se refirió a esta tierra como California haciendo alusión a lo fantaseoso de poner una colonia aquí
@@axelaguirre5014 quedara como un misterio mas del tercer milenio
The Amazons are from greece
actually it’s Roman mythology
Funfact: "Island of California" before California was Scandinavia which was considered an island of Mare Suebicum by the ancient Romans. But today we know that this Scandia/Scandza is a peninsula and not an island.
Btw Scandinavia is NOT California it’s Finland Norway Sweden Orland Iceland and the Nordics
@@sakkosstuff1514 By the way, Finland does not belong to Scandinavia because our land is located on the other side of the Baltic Sea. Scandinavia is a peninsula that includes only Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The area where Finland belongs is Fennoscandia. This area also includes the Kola Peninsula and Karelia and the isthmuses of Dvina, Olonets and Karelia separates it from Eurasia.
In the Ancient time and the Byzantine and Medieval eras, however, it was really believed that Scandinavia was islands of Scythian Sea and not a peninsula (For example; the Map of the Scandiae islands by Nicolaus Germanus in 1467).
And the area you are referring to is called the Nordic countries, it includes Iceland which does not include Scandinavia and Fennoscandia. And to make this no more confusing, then there is the Baltoscandian Confederation founded by Sweden, which includes not only the Nordic countries but also the Baltic countries. And Baltic countries are are candidates for the Nordic Union and Nordic Council on Finland's recommendation since Estonia became independent. And then there is the Fenno-Baltic cultural area formed by Finland, Karelia and the Baltic countries.
@@danielmalinen6337 Codanonia (not California) is a nickname/synonym for Scandinavia (The Latin name for The Kattegat Strait is Sinus Codanus).
Also I don't believe people ever thought it was an Island, at least not widespread.
It's well documented that the Scandinavian people had established sea trading routes to the Iberian Peninsula and the Mediterranean (Corsica, Sardinia and Egypt to list a few) all the way back to the 12th century bc (prier to the Bronze Age collapse.)
So sea routes would quite literally have been old news to the Romans and Byzantines, so I find it hard to imagine that the knowledge of Fennoscandia being a Peninsula wouldn't have been passed on as well.
I think the confusion you are talking about comes more from the name Scandinavia it self. The name comes from the Swedish region of Skåne (or Skáney in Old Norse).
One theory for the name suggests that it's a reference to the Norse Goddess Skaði likely meaning Shadow (since she is a Hunter). Another theory believes it comes from the Germanic words scandza, meaning dangerous, and awjō, meaning on top of water.
So it makes more sense me that a cartographer, with a good grasp on Germanic naming conventions, would read the name, translate it to something like Dangerous Island, and draw in an Island on his map.
1:04 And in todays episode of Australian maps without Tasmania...
Well Australia doesn’t even exist so this whole video is wrong
@@cprow0997 nope it's just upside down, you fell from australia because of inverted gravity
@@cprow0997 It's a little less wrong than if he had included Tasmania
Tasmania does not exist
he is talking about continental australia
When I was a kid I had a copy of the map of New Zealand as charted by Captain Cook; complete with a peninsula masquerading as an island and and island masquerading as a peninsula.
Wait a minute, you from New Zealand. One of the most famous map mistakes. Why modern maps usually don't include this fake landmass. I mean come on. What people would name their air force after a flightless bird ....
@@hailgiratinathetruegod7564 what is this "air force" you speak of?
Was it Stewart Island being shown as part of the south island and the the Lyttleton Peninsula shown as an island?
Did anyone read the first and as an an or is it just me.
I live in Christchurch and I remember like 5 years ago there was a guy by the cathedral dressed up as captain cook giving out these maps of what they used to think nz looked like.
Imagine if Lemuria was an actually real continent on our planet.
it would just be taken for granted just as we take our current continents for granted
@@carlosandleon That depends on what definition for continent you use. As far as I am aware, tectonic plates are scientifically considered continents, even though that would put most of the (about 60) continents st the bottom of the oceans.
@@StefanVeenstra classic land continents brah
@@carlosandleon but from which countries are we taking the continents from as different countries classify different places as different continents like alot of South American countries say they are in America and don't use North amd South. As well what about Europe, Asia and Africa some countries merge them to gether to form either Eurasia or Afro-eurasia as one big continent as they aren't sperated by ocean
Zeelandia: hold my map.
No one :
History and Geography Channels : *exist*
Nord Vpn : *Bonjour Amigo Allow me to introduce myself*
There actually was once a lake or sea inhabiting the centre of Australia. Geology shows this. But this was several million years before european colonisation.
same for california technically ;)
2:40 I love the little Homer Simpson "D'OH!" insert
I was performing surgery but this is more important
your name is strangely both cringy and funny at the same time
Head transplant surgery?
I was flying a plane through new york city, but this is more important
I thought California was just only a state until I watched this vid.
Mind.... Blown!
California is a state tho...
@@mariotheundying it is, i thought california is just only a state
Honorable mentions to Agartha, the magical continent inside our "hollow" planet with its own smoky sun.
The island of california is the base of the futuristic map in railroad tycoon 3. One of the best maps in my opinion
The California bit reminded me of that episode of The Simpsons where Lisa imagines some horrible future in which she and a bunch of others are banished to "Monster Island" and someone reassures her, "don't worry, it's just a name." The next shot shows her and the others running away from horrible fire breathing beasts and she yells out, "I thought they said it was just a name!" To which one of the other castaways replies, "They meant that it's actually a peninsula!"
There was once thought to be a mountain chain across the middle of Africa from west to east. This mountain chain doesn’t exist.
Also, the Niger River, which begins in Guinea and flows northeast for half its length before suddenly turning southeast and coming to the Atlantic Ocean in Nigeria, was once thought by Europeans to be two different rivers. The northeast flowing river was thought to be the source of the Nile, since it was flowing more or less toward Egypt. Once an expedition was launched to find the mouth of that river, and it was begun at the mouth of what was thought to be a different river in Nigeria. Strangely enough, the expedition was begun at the place it was trying to find. That is like if people thought that the Mississippi River in Minnesota and the Mississippi in Louisiana were different rivers, so they mounted an expedition to find where the Mississippi went after Minnesota, and they started this expedition in New Orleans.
You collabed with the atlaspro?
*unbelievable amounts of happiness*
Great cameo
"they may take our lives, but they will never take Our Information!" Would have been a more shoutable ad-line. Missed opportunity
The Phantom Atlas is a great book. There's some places related to Ireland in it which I've never heard about.
Pronunciation of Alfred Wegener on point!
I mean its not hard to pronounce and also Im pretty sure they live in germany or something
Fun fact about the California Thing! Cortés, although the conqueror and destroyer of the Mexicah (aztec) empire, he was never appointed as governor of any continental territories in México. When the Spanish Crown declared the territory as the vice royalty of New Spain, they installed Antonio de Mendoza as viceroy. The curious thing is that to define the territory that Mendoza would rule over, they simple established it as all regions connected by land to the mainland.
For this reason, and because Cortés hated Mendoza's guts, he set out to find any possible landmasses that were _disconnected_ from the mainland, and thus when news of a new land arrived, he quickly claimed it and founded a port (modern day La Paz).
Afterwards of course it was found out to be a peninsula and explored by Ulloa, Rodríguez Cabrillo and Sebastián de Vizcaíno.
Ah that might explain the rather porn-esque fantasy of an island filled with only women and gold. The gold fantasy was probably Cortez's and the women only Island was possibly the creation of sex starved conquistadors.
@@gazpachopolice7211 That was based on the novel "Las Sergas de Esplandián" which talked about the mythical island of your description, named California in the book and with queen Calafia as its ruler. The explorers and sailors expected to find something akin to it, and were later disappointed, but the name stuck.
California is still an island in my heart, no matter what "modern cartography" says.
California is not an island if you look at the map
@SheLovesUke Actually Japan is a North American country and it's not part of Asia. 🤣
technically California is an island because the Channel Islands are islands part of California
When pointing out Australia what about early maps showing the Island state of Tasmania as a peninsular.
While in this case yes the California they visited is a peninsula, it is known that the western side of the SanAndreas fault is part of a Island the tectonically was pushed into the a sub-ducted land mass that created the Rocky Mountains. So the concept of California being an island is not incorrect. The pacific plate has also pushed the Juan DeFuco plate and is causing it to subduct under the cascading subduction zone.
I mean, I started to watch your videos just a few days ago and now you're my favourite youtuber, how did that happen
3:37 Whenever I hear stories about some "amazony" tribes that not only supress men, but forego them altogether I always think: How do they _exist_ ?
They can't just will their (obviously necessary) daughters into existence, can they?
Every time i hear those kind of stories i always think "but they need at least 1 man or they'll never make it to the next generation"
You know it would be funny that those tribes actually existed but went extinct for that stupid reason lol
NordVPN just seems to have a talent to find those people that will make really cool ads.
Actually the myth of Kumari Kandam is based on Lemuria, not the other way round . Of course there is a more ancient legend of a lost Island(maybe the same origin as Atlantis?) but the details of Kumari Kandam were retrofitted later
5:17 I used to have this old french map that showed California as an island
Actually that's not the island of California, it is actually Japan and it's just a few miles away from North America. 🤣
@@wazzup233 lol its like a 1700s map, you sure we are talking about the same 1? Its like it showed Baja california as an island instead of it being connected by where Mexicali is now
@Psychonaut00 Well that's really confusing though. But those Spanish explorers had a wet dream before that if Japan was on North American side instead in Asia then they'll colonize that island nation in a breeze. But nah, it's just a pipedream. 🤪
I saw a globe in the Rjiksmuseum in Amsterdam from the 16th Century showing California as an Island and also saw a Chinese map from around the same time showing the same thing. I presume that was because the Chinese were trading with the Dutch at the time and got the info from the Dutch. I always wondered where the idea of California as an island so thanks for answering that question.
3:45 well there was a lot of gold in California after all, they did get that part right
5:53 *c u r s e d c a r r i b e a n*
Came here to say this. Like, WTF is going on North of Cuba?
*B e e g B a h a m a s*
The Keys are also messed up
Before modern flood control, central valley in California would regularly flood. Could explain the "island" of the coastal region.
The ads for the sponsors are usually just as fun and entertaining as the main video lol
Also, in a class of Latin American History an spanish empire especialist told us that spanish explorerz also tought that Rio de la Plata and Paraná River lead straight to Malacca Islands. But I never saw any sources about it in Brazil.
love from Goolwa SA (South Australia, [the state])!!
The Lemurians are also a race of people in the Conan universe
There's also a book series called Destroyermen that features Lemurians, it takes place on an alternate Earth. Basically named after a Race that evolved there, and named by someone who thought they looked like lemurs (they basically were evolved lemurs)
well produced!
I always noticed I like video games and CZcams videos of people playing games with friends but I struggle to keep watching, stuff like this keeps my attention these videos could be 10 hours and I would spend the whole day watching this vidoe
Ornathologist immediately was about to send me to google and you answered my question b4 I could get it out😂
Looking good today bro
I get way less information from your maps than I otherwise would if you would shade the water blue or something. I spend the whole time while they are up trying to decipher which is land and which is water and most of the time I can't figure it out despite thinking that I'm fairly well versed in geography.
How is this not a Map Men video yet
There are also late 17th-early 18th century maps that show Lake Champlain as wider east-to-west than north-to-south. That didn't last long since it became well-known before long as the route between Montreal and New York City with both the eastern and western shores (and indeed both the Green Mountains and Adirondacks) visible at the same point along most of it. Also, from then until Interstate 89 opened in the late 1960s western Vermont was more closely connected, economically and culturally, with New York City than with Boston.
Silly people as we all know California isn't an island, its a fortress we use to protect celebrates
*Celebrities
@@AP3x6917 Thanks. I thought he was trying to spell celebates.
You mean protect us from celebrates.
@@quuaaarrrk8056 yes
This man is like real life lore (RLL)
so, amazing
I'm from Tamil nadu in India, the kumari kandam even made it into my school history textbooks (as a minor chapter though) and so did plate tectonics in my geography textbooks. I did believe kumari kandam to be real until I was 23.
It's worse when people fight online about a land which was one guy's assumption. Geography shows, madagascar fitting into india's west coast, like a puzzle piece, and still many do not accept it..
During 2004 asian tsunami right before the big wave the sea receded for a few moments when people on shore did notice some (could be) man made structure near coast line, which many said proof of kumari kandam. Geography/history has answers to that too, in the form of increasing sea levels now vs Ice age sea levels....
This is the perfect bathroom break during work
Rather then Countryballs, you used flag maps of the countries with white dots as eyes. XD
Polandball is cringe
That's the best NordVPN ad ever
yeα
We need a Khanubis Minecraft let’s play lmao
Plz do another video it sounds really interesting
Dude, can someone PLEASE tell me what that sound at 7:36 is? It's from a game or something, i know it but I just don't remember what exactly.
❎ studying for finals
✅ watching a new khanubis video
Re: Australia's Inland Sea. Technically, we do actually have an inland sea. It's called Lake Eyre (pronounced air, not eerie as a lot of Americans mispronounce it). Lake Eyre is a massive salt lake system that sits below sea level, it fills every so often after massive rain events and can remain filled or partially for many years, some times as long as a decade.
2:40 when you are looking for a sea but all you find is actually a desert
there was a video in my “up next” that said “what if California was an island?”
same
And Tasmania is a peninsula from Australia and Japan is on the North American side.
Lake disappointment is real? That's something new I learned today.
Absolutely love your videos!! Keep it up!
(It's "est*a* es una isla" though)
I recently got a really good book called the "Phantom Atlas" that discusses many cartographical mistakes. I highly recommend it.
Edit: So I watched the rest of the video and Khanubis also recommended it, he's right, it's a great book!
Why do you comment before even watching the video? Makes you seem dumb.
@@waynemarvin5661 well, I was in the middle of an online lesson and I saw it recommended. I clicked on it as this sort of topic interests me greatly, I knew I was going to watch it later but just leave it open on another tab for now, but I wanted to make this comment to recommend the Phantom Atlas because I think it is a wonderfully written book with extraordinarily interesting subjects and discussions. Sometimes I forget to leave comments so I ddi it early before I forgot so that anyone else who found the video interesting could learn about this book if they wanted to learn further. Be careful about calling people dumb before you know the context fully, that could backfire on you seriously some day.
My man summed up my 2 hour history class in 10 mins
Etymological trivia: Ordóñez might have had the word caliph in mind when he came up with the name California.
7:13 Aligator :D
Okay so about the 3 Californias. Back before Mexico gained their independence from Spain, one of the Provinces of New Spain was Las Californias. Mexico then revolted, won, and Las Californias became an Intendancy of the Mexican Empire. When the Empire was restructured into a Federal Republic in 1824, Las Californias was split into Alta California and Baja California which is still basically the border we have today. Alta California was ceded from the United Mexican States to the United States of America, where it was split up into multiple territories, one of which became the State of California. The territory of Baja California was kept by Mexico, and later the southern half got split off giving us Baja California (which became a state soon after the split) and Baja California Sur (which became a state later).
8:01 Lemuria also included a connection to australia, im not sure though
I know this isn't the topic of the video, but after you mentioned the ornithologyst, I need to do this:
When I say "ornith" ou say "-ologyst"!
Re "Island of California" What is not well known today, is the ships of the day had GREAT trouble sailing up the west cost of Baja California. This was due to the continuous Trade Winds in the region and the inability of the ships, at the time, to tack close to the wind direction. Look up "Anza Expedition" which found a land route to what is LA today. Before that the "fastest" way from Puerto Vallarta to Los Angeles was via the Philippines, almost a world circumvention distance. Does that explain things a bit, at least of why very little was known of the upper Baja coastal region.
…until California actually becomes an island.
And Japan moves to the western part of North America thanks to the "Big Ones". 😭
I got baited, thinking there's finally someone who made an analysis on the Project Wingman cascadia map
Lol. This was on my ACT😂
Fortress at the end of the video (where you advertise Nord VPN) is fortress of Belgrade in capital of Serbia .😁
Loved the video and happy to see their are 0 dislikes 😁😁
The thing about "the island of California" is actually exist, it's Sumatra. Land rich of resource, tamed beast (like sumatran tiger, now already extinct), and female are the one who carry family name (the minang people of west sumatra)
Well at least i think, because the land of spice Indian were actually indonesia and india, and the spain confused it with america at that time.
But who knows, I'm just being stupid here
Well, its true 😂
Good connection
But I thought that the island of California was actually Japan and someone made a map before. 😁
I really liked the modern map of the world being labeled *2 weeks ago* for some reason lol
so maps back then we're basically guesswork sometimes lol
7:37 I thought that was my remote for a second
I as a sudcalifornian (someone from the mexican state of Baja California Sur) It always gets on my nerves when foregneirs (specially Americans) talk about the origin of California and often forget that the first time California appeared on a map was to name the southern tip of the peninsula and also forget how the expanding United States stole the name, that due to historic legacy belongs to the peninsula, and now that place they called California overshadowed the original California.
We're left with a unnecessarily long name with two synonymous words of south. Also, it is sad to see when people just call the peninsula 'baja', and lose their connection to California and feeling always inferior to the north.
Some good names that could replace the current one could be: Mexican California, Old California or Sudcalifornia
Fun fact: there once was an english expedition that presumably arrived on what is now the american state of California and named the place New Albion, so, if they had settled, New Albion would have been the name of the state of our world american California .
4:15 I didn't expected that grammar mistake * laughs in Spanish *
that map was not wrong, it was just ahead of its time xP
Those 4 tiny islands in between California and the USA were definitely the inspiration behind the 4 islands found in the map of The Legend of Zelda - Breath of the wild 2
You mean the islands inside the sea of Cortés?
He deserves more subs and views
3:23 I just did a "wait a minute, that voice sounds familiar" moment
The thumbnail was ideal
That’s where Lake Disappointment comes from?
i expected this to be a map men episode
Don’t blame the map,blame the person who made it.
Oversimplified quote
I’ve always said that California should just float away
Cortes thought it was an island of Amazons and it was named after the Queen of the Amazons: Calafia. I idea is based on a work of fiction by Garda Ordonez de Montalvos: *Las Sergas de Esplandian* (1510)
For some years, portuguese navigators thought Brazil was a very thin island, the territory was named Vera Cruz Island in early colonization documents, like Pero Vaz de Camina's Letter, first written document in Brazil.
I thought 6:51 was about to be an advertisement 🤣
3:48 yeah I think so to
I'm LATE where can did find an English copy of Califia?
I had no idea that Sri Lanka got way bigger as of 2 weeks ago
Maybe this is actually the case with the state of San Andreas in GTA
I think of "mistake" as "doing stuff wrong" whereas all these examples are "making stuff up".
In the 16th century, California was an island and Japan was very near to North America but now its a different story.
Evidence?
@@pandaandthegecko5480 Here, I'd found this on wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etymology_of_California#/media/File:Map_North_America_1540_Strait_of_Anian.png
@@wazzup233 You made a mistake in using Wikipedia, anyone can add or take away info on Wikipedia. It is not accurate. In the 16th century calif. was not an island and Japan was nowhere near N. America. Do some more research.
4:14 Esto* es una isla