What is a Complex System?
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- čas přidán 4. 08. 2024
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In this module we will be trying to define what exactly a complex system is, we will first talk about systems in general before going on to look at complexity as a product of several different parameters.
Examples of some definitions for a complex system:
"A system comprised of a (usually large) number of (usually strongly) interacting entities, processes, or agents, the understanding of which requires the development, or the use of, new scientific tools, nonlinear models, out-of-equilibrium descriptions and computer simulations."
The social scientist Herbert Simons gives us this definition; "A system that can be analyzed into many components having relatively many relations among them, so that the behavior of each component depends on the behavior of others."
Jerome Singer tells us that a complex system is;
"A system that involves numerous interacting agents whose aggregate behaviors are to be understood. Such aggregate activity is nonlinear, hence it cannot simply be derived from summation of individual components behavior."
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this should have a million views honestly. the the fact that it is free, and no commercial interruptions makes it even better.
I cannot express more gratitude towards your cause and how eloquently everything has been put together, but thank you so very much.
I couldn't agree with you more.
Likewise, this has helped sum up a lot of stuff for me in an incredibly concise manner. A huge help!
Completely agree.
This is what we should all be studying in high school. I want to know about how these systems work: the internet, infrastructure, communication, culture, transportation, class structures, healthcare, etc. The emphasis we place on Euclidean geometry-when the world we live in is closer to a system of networks-is a prime example that we are not asking ourselves the right questions.
So many times I have traveled and found myself "connected" to these systems of mass transportation: getting on the highway, taking a bus or a shuttle, getting on an airplane and entering global air transportation, and thinking to myself, these systems are purely a result of human labor and organization on a massive scale, and are also a perfect example of exponential adaptation.
If we began to unpack these complex systems in our contemporary education curriculums, we would have a much larger grasp, understanding, and threshold for change & innovation in the world we live in today.
Yes but understanding systems and especially complex systems requires a high IQ. Teaching it to people who dont understand it is mental torture for them.
I agree. Although I disagree slightly with the comment or above me, in that complex systems are intuitive. The problem is that there is no unified framework for complex systems theory. The only framework that I believe is a unified complex systems theory is Wolframs Physics Model. I’ve studied this science for years and all the clues lead to his model
@@petekdemirciogluI think most people don't even reach their potential IQ which their genes allow for. If there was an early start on this material, I think it'd be like 2nd nature to many students.
As a software engineer, I learned more practicalities from theses videos than most of the videos explaining specific software architectures principles. Thank you for the quality explanations on complexity theory.
Indeed
Working on a paper about CAS and is figuring things out. This has definitely helped me understand this concept even more. Thanks a lot!
Yes, excellent clarity, cohesion and significance. Well done.
Thank you, this is indeed quality content. Leaned a lot from it.
This is a great video !! I’m glad I found your channel
Yes, thank you for this work; it's so well done!
Thank you so much. it really helps a lot to understand better than those class lectures. thanks once again. God bless u
this video is basically helpful to designing complex system, thank u!
Really Helpful And Satisfying !
This video is an updated version for our complexity theory course
Do y'all have any content or consideration for Arthur Koestler's concept of holons and holarchies?
Actually, we don't cover this topic in any of our content, maybe in a future video
This was just awesome! Thank you!
Great introduction. Thank you!
I am master student
thank you so much for this video
i would be more thankful if you uploaded a video about how complexity theory relates to Education and supervision in details !
much love
That was awesome, thank you!
Tx for the video. Its just great, love it.
So interesting, will watch and rewatch
Awesome update. I loved the previous version, and this version is even more clear and skillfully arranged. Post video self-reflection: How can we use design to strengthen and empower communities that are economically and/or socially disadvantaged? How can we strengthen individual elements within the community and promote greater connectivity?
Good question, one that needs thinking about
It is more about the interconnectivity of neurons in the brains of people in such societies. lol
Samuel Gorman By creating "opportunity systems" ... ? Good question you have there. Important.
Ask them (the community) vis-à-vis the Jerry Sternin approach
in the video it is said that in a decentralized system the important thing is how it flows. maybe observing how it flows in the community and empowering/helping nodes (e.g. individuals allowing circulation, by e.g sharing with them about complexity and goals) creating other nodes complementary to the first ones..
여기 한글자막 달아주신분 누군가요? 정말 덕분에 편하게 봤어요 감사합니다
Very good. Thank you
Very good!
Oh my god this course is amazing 🤩🤩🤩
great channel!
I love your content both from your channel and website. Congratulations! Please, Could you let me know the software you use to make/draw the illustrations for your videos? Thank you very much
thank you
Awesome.
Good one
it would be very nice if you could share some notes with the materials as well.
thank you so much by the way
Please suggest an accessible more recent introductory book on complex/dynamic systems
Take the ball and run. A great invention.
Yo this is fucking crazy well done!! I cant wait to study Systems Engineering.
Nice
¡ great !
Thanks.....
I agree with Jacob.
Thank you mr computer I now know how to complex systems, and have acquired my PhD. That will be all
Can you make a video on Bayes Networks? Right up your alley and arguably the most awesome net of all.
That is a good suggestion, haven't covered that topic yet, hopefully in the future some time
Hello! Are your videos also available in French? Thanks
Start with this simple background:
1- in Newtonian formalism, solutions are absolute. And the extent of this absolutism is proportional inform of forces. See gravitational force.
2- in Einstein formalism: solutions are relative. And the extent of this relativity is assymetric inform of a field. See gravitation field.
3- in Hilbert/zaid(my)formalism, solutions are complex. And the extent of this complexity is symmetric inform of a system. See gravitation system.
Hope that will say a lot more than writing you down concepts, images, curves, graphs and equations if you have a back ground in science.
Hi,
Very interesting , Can u expand on what you mean with the solutions complexity being the symmetric inform of a system.
I have a physics background and am mildly comfortable in Hilbert Space but haven’t come across this phrasing before
Thanks in advance
@@jonahmarlow3991 the symmetry of a solution depends on the system in question. With natural systems, this is not all about Hilbert space in this sense, but Hilbert school of thought that that physical laws are dimensionally decidable. And the symmetry of natural solutions in this case is the conserved symmetry of motion and observations inform of the invariance of physical laws. In this case, the dual symmetry between deterministic and non determinististic patterns of natural solutions depends on the world line of electromagnetic gravitational system , where; the invariance of physical laws is consistent through the time-like feedback of light as a function of mass-matter-energy localisation, distribution, interaction, conversion, coordination, regulation, dissipation, excitation and self actualisation, and complete through subset function of mass-matter-energy distribution, localisation, interactions, conversion, coordination, regulation, dissipation, excitation and self actualisation as a metric feedback of light in polynomial steps of dynamical relationships due to change in dimensional entwining of motion and observations inform of feasible conclusions of natural complexity.
The big task in this course, is in how to get from Hilbert school of thought down to Einstein relativity consistently and completely inform of natural complexity. In case of any help, I have already done something(a research in how things work in this course) which can also be of help to you as a solution if you prefer.
AOE: Algorithm of Everything:D
The patterns of behaviour that form out of complex system are within themselves complex systems or super complex systems. If you can understand the nature of these super complex systems you'll begin to understand the elements that drive the forces that interrelate with the structures of the networks.
AdDocker could you advise any books about the topic?
My comments are just my own ideas. I don't know of any books about complex system. I'm working on a book about the universe.
I'm high and this is fascinating.
Please I need the code
👏🏻
Thank u all
anybody got any idea on what the 'process of self organisation' that 'gives rise to the emergence of new levels of organisation' is exactly? ( 2:18 )
"Within complex systems elements have a degree of autonomy" 7:10 With the interactions between the parts (that have a degree of autonomy) an organizational stucture will emerge from their interactions.
@@KOJT93 Sorry. I meant can anyone explain the autonomy?
How to define complex systems?
Complexity of a system is inverse to the amount of information we have on the individual parts of the system.
Even a simple system is a complex system if we do not have the information on the individuals functioning parts of the system
What field of study is this? I mean, what department is it in a university?
Math
Quote: "When all of this elements are working together we are getting a new level of organisation." I am doubting that this is a suitable definition of a "system" because many things satisfy this requirements but still aren´t a system (in my oppinion). Example: a family (elements = yes existant, relations = yes supposed to be existant, emerged organisation = probably yes); to me, a family still seems to be group of related creatures and not a system because the systematic simply is missing. 2nd example: the "car" you are referring: to me, a car is rather a technical device than a system (in this example you mustn´t mix-up interplay of compnents with relation)... You can go on in examples or rather counterexamples. After a couple of reflections I came to the conclusion that "system" is a fantasy word which is (and can be) used in daily routine by allmost everyone. But in my opinion it is not useful in scientific investigations. It is better to find or invent an apposite expression on what we want to work on. Thank you very much! You helped me a lot with your video. Please do more!
Although not really clear, a family is a complex system. To better explain why, lets make an example. Picture family of 5. 2 parents, 1 teenager and a pair of 5 year old twins. Now you ask them to give you an output, say to decide where to eat. Both parents, the teenager and the twins, will each have an own opinion regarding where to eat. Now to reach a consensus each element (family member) will interact with each other. Regarding of the outcome, these interactions are what gives birth to the system.
Naval got me here
so basically if you combine two different systems together you get one whole new system and that whole new system would not function without one of the other two systems that created it?
Yes. It’s not that those systems won’t function, they will just exhibit different behaviour
And what is your place in the cosmic system? What is your role? What is the purpose?
Complexity is not but just a perspective. But, yes, agree on that everything is linked. 👍
This is typical of systems thinking - a poetic jumble of terms and concepts.
It fails to define a complex system, since most of the features can be found in simple systems.
And it does not add up to a coherent whole. Critique below.
1 The system concept
“Whole made of connected parts that are ordered in some way.”
This does not define the systems of interest.
Its fits passive structures: a garden fence, a pack of cards.
The parts must be active structures or actors.
There must behavior, not just a structure.
It is the interactions between actors that create emergent properties.
2 Hierarchical nesting of systems
The default structure connecting parts is a network.
We impose hierarchies on nature to make sense of it.
Yes, systems can be nested.
And different properties emerge at each level of nesting
But systems can also overlap, or conflict.
Human society is network, not a hierarchy
The countless identifiable social groups overlap.
They continually merge and divide.
And some seek to destroy each other.
The “first property of a complex system” is confusingly defined as four properties
First three: the parts must be numerous, distributed and interact locally.
So far, this could be a gas cloud. Is that complex?
Fourth, the parts must self-organizing… whoa, what does self-organizing mean?
… giving rise to emergence on different scales.
You mean simply that it is hierarchically structured?
3 Non linearity
Yes, this term is widely used, but with various meanings, often with no clear meaning.
It seems, strangely, to be defined here as emergence, a feature of the simplest system of interest.
Consider the system that is a feedback loop between predators and their prey.
Feedback loops and phase transitions are found in such simple systems.
Chaos (sensitivity to initial conditions) is found in such simple systems.
4 Connectivity
A system is never just a set of parts.
The parts in the simplest of systems must connect somehow.
It important to distinguish connectivity from interaction.
Graph theory is mostly about connectivity
The complexity of an activity system lies in the number and variety of interactions made using each connection.
5 Autonomy
Does no centralization mean actors are autonomous?
These are different ideas.
Actors connected in a hierarchical structure can be largely autonomous entities.
Actors connected in a network can be incapable of acting their own.
The actors in an activity system are defined by their role in it, not by their existence.
6 Adaptation
For sure, evolution requires diversity of parts or actors.
But there are two kinds of adaptation.
An actor can adapt to some changes its environment by changing its state.
A species can adapt to changes its environment via mutation of its actors
Evolution is the second kind of adaptation.
Given limited resources, evolution depends killing off older actors to make space for newer ones.
Surely better to distinguish messy social entities from orderly activity systems,
as suggested here www.linkedin.com/pulse/yagni-wagni-different-things-principles-graham-berrisford
The whole is equal to sum of its parts in an isolated environment
Remember iam not akids iam I have gread children. Dont fuck my head up .
This seems so vague "An unordered system is simply a set of things"???? I'm not sure why people need to learn about this
I'm really confused. This seems like common sense? At first when elements were mentioned as thought about elements as in elements from the periodic table but I don't think it meant that. I think it just meant elements in a vague way. I don't study this I just came across it but I am a confused as to why people do study it
What subject does this relate to?
This is an abstract course. Its aim is not to focus on one specific subject but a large group of subjects and how they are interconnected. It helps if you have some experience regarding abstract thinking.
I still haven’t figure out my own family’s
I still dont know what a complex system is...
Complexity of a system should be defined by our inability to part it