Who were the Cuman-Kipchaks?
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- čas přidán 7. 03. 2019
- When discussing the western movements of the Mongol Empire, the Cumans and Qipchaqs appear again and again. But who were the Cuman-Kipchaks? Their history expands both before and beyond the Mongol conquest. Here, we have an overview of who they were and their origins, a group that statistically speaking, you'll know either as the guys with the mustache battle masks or from Kingdom Come: Deliverance.
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Sources:
Golden, Peter B. "Cumanica I: The Qipčaps in Georgia." Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi IV (1984): 45-87.
Golden, “Cumanica II: The Ölberli (Ölperli): The Fortunes and Misfortunes of an Inner Asian Nomadic Clan.” Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi VI (1986): 5-29.
Golden, "Cumanica IV: The Tribes of the Cuman-Qipčaps." Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 9 (1995-1997): 99-122.
Golden, “The peoples of the south Russian steppes.” in The Cambridge History of Inner Asia, edited by Denis Sinor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (1990) 256-284.
Halperin, Charles J. "The Kipchak Connection: The Ilkhans, the Mamluks and Ayn Jalut." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 63 no. 2 (2000): 229-245.
Jackson, Peter. The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2017.
May, Timothy. The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh History of the Islamic Empires Series. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2018.
Noonan, Thomas S. “Rus’ Pechenegs, and Polovsty: Economic Interaction along the Steppe Frontier in the Pre-Mongol Era.” Russian History 19 no. 1-4 (1992); 301-27.
Peler, G. Abdurrazak. “Some Notes on the History, the Culture, and the Language of the Medieval Qipchaq-Cuman Turks.” Bakı Dövlet Üniversiteti İlahiyyat Fakültesinin elmi Mecmues, no. 13 (2010): 421-452.
Timokhin, Dmitry, and Vladimir Tishin. “Khwarezm, the Eastern Kipchaks and Volga Bulgaria in the Late 12-early 13th Centuries,” in The Golden Horde in World History, 25-40. Tartaria Magna Series. Kazan: Sh. Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 2017.
Vásáry, István. Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185-1365. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Proper captions have now been added to this video, in case you wanted more text on screen.
The Cuman-Kipchak tribes played an important role in the history of the western Mongol Empire, but like many of this period, are not looked at on their own. Here, we have a look at their potential origins and influence.
Note that Cumans would act as mercenaries in Eastern Europe for some time after 1240, which you see, from what I understand, in the recent video game Kingdom Come: Deliverance, which I have never played. Cuman communities settled in Hungary and today still recognize themselves as Cumans, though have long since sedenterized, Christianized and adopted Hungarian.
Kipchak is one of the tribes inside Kazakh nation
While researching this topic, I found a video from 'Kazakh TV' on CZcams, which looked at the Desht-i Qipchaq. It was made by Kazakhs, and it was very cool to see that they saw the Qipchaq as their direct ancestors. I imagine there must be real pride to feel such immediate connection with your ancestors going back centuries. Living in Canada, separated from my family's ancestral homeland, and traditions, it is hard to not feel jealous at that identity.
Please read my two comments to your video. Otherwise this is a very good video, but take a look at what I said in my comments as it is really important
Hello! I just want you to know that I've seen your comments, but I don't have time yet to read them fully or respond. I will try to do so in the next day or so, if that is ok. I think you have good points, so I don't want you to think I am ignoring them. Cheers!
What is name of the music pls
I’m a Karachai and we are Kipchak too. I have Kazakh friends and we can understand each others in our native languages. Salem to all Turkic people.
Im kazakh but im naiman😪
@@user-py1dp4eq5c my best friend also Naiman from Semey. I went to Semey last year and I really love Qazaqstan.🇰🇿
Do Karachai have kipchak sub tribe
@@dctdct6142 yea my father from there
@@Supreme_fence_sitter they are kipchaks
Damn Sigismund and his Cuman horde. This is for Skalitz! *stabs*
I think you're somehow actually the first person in these comments to reference Kingdom Come.
Love that game.
When I was searching for ancient treasure map 4 I saw 6 bandits fighting 12 cumans, I was watching for a bit until the cumans started chasing me.
Unpopular opinion here, but i actually don't hate the Cumans in the game. I know that it is fitting for Henry's character background p to hate the Cumans, but honestly Henry seems like he wants to hate the people who killed his parents, but just can't bring himself to have that hatred. Cumans are people, who have families, dreams, ambitions, etc.
1st time in a game we can see the cumans well made
Kazakhs, Kyrgyzs, Nogays, Karakalpaks, Bashkirs, Tatars are related to Kipchaks. Most of modern people of Kazakhstan are descendants of Kipchaks.
Some of western Kipchaks/Cumans migrated and assimilated in Hungary, Bulgaria, Crimea and north Caucasus.
And Cossacks?
many cumans became hungarian nobles and assimilated into hungarian culture.
Also, some of the Kipchaks/Cumans went to Thrace through the Russian steppes and mixed with Anatolian Turkmens who got replaced from Anatolia to Thrace.
@@M5civata They also come to the Eastern Anatolia. My dad's village has Cuman/Kipchak graves with balbals buried underground (apparently due to earthquakes and such).
Also some Turkic groups from North Caucasus such as Kumyks, Balkars, Karachays.
The reason why the Cuman were sought after so ruthlessly by the Mongols is because when the Mongols united the tribes in the east, they declared all step nomads were under the hegemony of the Mongol Khan.
In the eyes of the Mongols, the fact they resisted Mongol rule made them rebels. And rebels weren't tolerated in the Mongol Empire.
I really love their little interactions with Subutai and his troops right after the crossed the Caucasus Mountains. How they were bribed, tricked and slaughtered while retreating. How vegeance drove the survivors to ask Rus principalties and were later slaughtered again, because of their hatred. Kings and Generals serie on the mongol invasion, especially their incusion into Europe is fascinating.
@@hxcvocalist yes
The Mongols just wanted to know why the Cumans could make two town centers in the Feudal Age.
Common goal of all Medieval Turk and Mongol Khans was uniting all tribes under one flag. Genghis Khan maneged to unite most of the tribes but not all of them. Even like %80 unity made Genghis' Empire devistatingly powerful. There is one Khan in history that united all tribes %100. Modu Chanyu aka Oghuz Khan of Turks.
@@jimland4359 😂
Brought here by age of empires 2 DE
Step Lancers 111111
@@karlmax6673 they were nerfed
Cumans OP pls nerf
same here
@@joaobras3836 need to be nerfed more
Hello from Turkey
İam a Kıpchak Turk , My grandfather coming from Sekelstan ( Hungary )
İ love My anatolian Oghuz Turkic Brother
We are Big and Greatest Nation !
Amir Temur ( Tamerlane) say ;
“We are Melik-i ( Leader ) Turan , Emir-i ( Ruler) of Turkestan , We are sons of Turk , İ am Leader of Greatest Nation “
Son’s of Karluks- Kıpchaks- Oghuzs brother nation ..
Grey Wolves army on way ( Turan )
Hajra Turan!
Hedef Turan !
🇹🇷🇹🇷🇦🇿🇦🇿🇭🇺🇭🇺🇺🇿🇺🇿🇹🇲🇹🇲🇰🇬🇰🇬🇨🇾🇨🇾🇰🇿🇰🇿🐺🐺🐺🐺🐺🐺
Tengri biz Menen ! 🐺🤘
Sekelstan :D :D :D
- Said one "Turkic" Nationalist, ever.
@Moarte Cumanilor cry
There are no magyar or hun left in hungaria, all of them are asimilated and became pure europeans. They dont even have 1% east asian heritage but yes we love european sons of our magyar ancestors❤
I think kipchak tribes was the power who was really able to stop mongols. And how symbolic, that Kipchak mamluks known in a "mainstream" history as a force who have been "first" who stopped mongols. Which actually debatable point, especially if you know Jalal at dins achievements. Kipchaks was a huge power, they was even able to conquer Baghdad in alliance with Kwaresm, but their fatal problem was.. They have been separated and different parts of them had their own relations and conflicts with different countries.. Russian principalities, Khwaresm and east Europe. Mongols have been United under one ruler and even made other nomadic tribes to serve them including some of kipchaks. legendary roman analogy of how mongols defeated kipchaks is.. How the Last of Horatti brothers, alone killed three of Curiatti brothers. But after mongol invasion, Kipchak steppe became finally the United state of kipchaks under mongol rule.. Which known as Golden horde. Mongols, like it often happens in history, assimilated among kipchaks took their language and became modern tartar, bashkir, nogai, kazakh, karakalpak and even russians. I think kipchak and mongols had many cultural and lifestyle similarities. Have you noticed one thing..? Since Hunnu migration, nomads of eurasian steppe almost followed same journey. From central Asian steppes and Altai mountains to the lands around Panonia. Hunnu then.. Avar, Bulgar, Magyar (Hungarians), kipchaks and finally mongols. Maybe it already exists. a term which describing it.. Something like "the great eurasian nomadic highway"😂 thanks for new video, your uploads always a kind of a little holiday 😉
There were some Song Dynasty envoys to the Mongols over the 1220s, and there is a reference to the Qipchaq in them. The envoys record the Mongols basically considering the Qipchaq to be their greatest single military threat. And from the Mongol perspective, this makes a lot of sense. By that point, the Mongols' power was based on the steppe, and happened to control some sedentary territory. As one Mongol is recorded as saying, the people in the cities will stay in their cities, but the nomads could continue fall back, regroup, and continue to pose a threat. One only needs to look at the career of Temujin to see that. It was easy to imagine the Mongol leadership being concerned that some charismatic figure could unite the Cuman-Qipchaqs to challenge the Mongols, much how Temujin had united the Mongols.
Ultimately, as it did elsewhere, the disunity of their enemy allowed the Mongols to conquer them. And in time, the disunity of the Mongols would allow their enemies to defeat them. It is always like how the mother of Bodunchar Munkhag showed: one arrow alone is easy to break, but many together are strong.
@Moarte Cumanilor cry
@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory thank you for your stories and very proud that mongols as nomadic tribe surprisingly have documented their history
I’m kipshak 🙌🏻
And I'm
Hail From Turkey Brothers and Sisters :) :) :)
I'm kipchak and I'm kazakh too
Me too
Lia Kaites im Kıpchak Turk we dont like oghuz Turks 😂😂
Joke🍎🇹🇷🐺🍎🤘🐺
I like that you mentioned the Mamluks in this video!!!
The reason for that is that I like to show that these regions and peoples are not isolated, and the movements of a group on one end of Asia can have long term consequences for an area on the opposite end of the continent centuries later. I was surprised to learn of the Qipchaq/Olberli connection with the Delhi Sultans. That is why I love being able to do these videos, and learn about connections like that. It also explains some of the Mongol animosity to those regions: the Qipchaq were supposed to be their slaves/property (the Mongol idea of kingdom initially focused more on people than territory) yet to see them ruling in Delhi and Cairo must have been particularly vexing.
I read that the Mamluks of Cairo looked at Mongol military practices as ideal, so I believe that the Cairo Mamluks admired the Mongols to some degree.
There was actually some Mongols, being aligned to the Jochids, that once war broke out between the Golden Horde and Ilkhanate fled to the Mamluk state (similarly, Mongols in the east fleeing the intercine warfare of the Ilkhans, Chagatai Khanate and Negudereis would flee to the Delhi Sultanate). The Kipchak-Turkic influence seems to have brought some knowledge of Mongol tactics, and I believe one or maybe more of the Mamluk Sultans was actually of Mongolian descent.
As it was, the Mamluks had a clear understanding of warfare, and I am sure they acquired as much information Mongol tactics as possible, knowing everything rided on Ayn Jalut (and later close encounters). The best way to understand an enemy is to respect their ability.
Yes. One of the sultans of the Bahri Period was of Mongol origins, Al-Adil Kitbuqa!!!
You did a very good job, but I have something to add on this topic.
Kipchaks and Cumans played also a big role in the history of the Oghuzes in the Middle East.
Prof. Dr. Sencer Divitçioğlu wrote in his book ''Orta Asya Türk Tarihi Üzerine Altı Çalışma'' that a big group of Kipckaks/Cumans were present in the Seljuq Empire, raiding the regions between Azerbaijan and central Anatolia against the Byzantine Empire. Ibn Bibi (13.th Century) also wrote that the Anatolian Seljuq Sultan Izzeddin founded an army based on Kipchaks, Yiva and others , against his rebellious brother Rükneddin. Prof. Dr. Sencer also stated that the Kipchaks helped the Seljuqs in the conquest of Syria. The Kipchaks / Cumans under Seljuq rule also later founded the Atabeglik/Atabeylik (Eldiguzids
- 1136-1225) of Azerbaijan, until they were conquered by the Khwarazmian Empire. The Eldiguzids (Muslim Kipchaks) and Anatolian Seljuq Beyliks (using Kipchak soldiers) also fought against the Kingdom of Georgia, which (like you said) was supported by the Kipchaks in the northern Caucasus (who converted to Christianity a long time ago). Some Kipchaks/Cuman also fled to Azerbaijan after the Mongol conquest, according to Ziya Bünyatov (Azerbaycan Atabeyler Devleti)
Kipchaks and Cumans were also used by the Byzantine Empire. According to the historian Paul Wittek, ten thousands of Cumans / Kipchaks were settled in to Anatolia (With Bulgars and Pechenegs) and later used against the Seljuqs. One legend says ( I have not found a written source on this) that the Cuman and Pecheneg soldiers in the Byzantine Army changed sides in the Battle of Manzikert, as they saw that their enemy spoke the same tongue as them.
Great share! I love comments like these, especially on areas I don't know as strongly like the Seljuqs or pre-Mongol Caucasus. I didn't know about the connection between the Eldeguzids and the Qipchaq, though I too have heard about the Qipchaq at Manzikert, but I''m not familiar enough with the details of that battle to be able to have an opinion on that.
The Seljuqs are a weakness of mine: I don't know nearly as much about them as I would like, so I am always hesitant to write much on them. It takes me a lot of researching to have the confidence in a topic to put up a video on it (even for the Mongol Empire, which I know very well), and the Seljuqs are a very large (but very fascinating!) topic. Originally I had a bit more to say on them here, but it was cut for time and I didn't feel like I had researched that aspect enough to comment on it.
One thing I have wondered about (which I had considered looking into for this video) is if the Oghuz migrations that led to the founding of the Great Seljuq state was connected to the movements of the Qipchaq-Cumans, or Kemek or Pecheneg. But I wasn't able to in time find a satisfactory answer to that. There is unfortunately a limit to how much I can include in a 10-15 minute video (it isn't as much information as many think!) and I had to draw on the line on looking into that.
Yeah, Atabek Eldeniz
Your pronunciation is amazing, it's rare to see anyone get any of these perfect, much less all of them.
Thank you very much! Kipchaks are the most "underrated" peoples in history. Still, in most maps about Mongol conquest of Central Asia you see an empty space where Kipchaks lived.
Another excellent video 😁😁
I try my best!
Kipchaks are very very important for turkish history.
@Random Person yes turkic. it is true. kipchaks are turkic. today the name of "turk "represents republic of turkey, balkan turks and turks in europe and cyprus
@Random Person so what ?
@Random Person i will tell you one more and last thing. cumans-kipchaks are a turkic group just like uighurs oghuz. they have a medieval textbook named cuman codex. even i can understand it with my native turkish language. ok ? after mongol barbarism and invasions kipchaks and mongols mixed. many mongols asimilated into kipchaks and modern kazak kyrgyz and tatar nations were born. that's why i said "kipchaks are important for turkish/turkic history"
@Random Person you are not able to understand. good bye.
@Random Person turkic and turkish are related. you think that they are completely different. yes, turkic tribes migrated and invated anatolia , mixed with indigenous people and modern turks born after ottoman empire and republic of turkey. as i understand , you think that turkic and turkish are different completely.
cant you understand the semantic ? turkish/turkic. modern turkish people have some turkic roots and still using turkic language. how can i explain you more. are you 15 years old ?
The Cumans and the Tatars were nomadic warriors of the Eurasian steppe who exerted an enduring impact on the medieval Balkans. With this work, István Vásáry presents an extensive examination of their history from 1185 to 1365. The basic instrument of Cuman and Tatar political success was their military force, over which none of the Balkan warring factions could claim victory. As a consequence, groups of the Cumans and the Tatars settled and mingled with the local population in various regions of the Balkans. The Cumans were the founders of three successive Bulgarian dynasties (Asenids, Terterids and Shishmanids) and the Wallachian dynasty (Basarabids). They also played an active role in Byzantium, Hungary and Serbia, with Cuman immigrants being integrated into each country's elite. This book also demonstrates how the prevailing political anarchy in the Balkans in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries made it ripe for the Ottoman conquest.
Very good video my brother👍👍👍
Thank you!
9:24 it's interesting, something exactly the same happened in Mamluk Egypt. In a time when Ayibids started to lose their power over Egypt. When crusaders attacked Mansurra, Ayibid sultan Salikh was ill or even died. And if I'm not mistaken, a woman from his Harem Shadiyar (Shajar at durr) ruled over country. And mamluk warlords like Beibars, Qutuz, Aibek admitted her as "Sultanna". But unlike Raziya Sultana in Delhi, she's finally not became a legitimate Sultanna. I'm not sure but seems reason was.. Khaliph of Baghdad who got a "holy" power of giving a "formal legitimacy", didn't wanted to make a former concubine of Sultan, as an "equal" to Khaliph. But she didn't left her hands out of power. It's long and interesting story, but before Qutuz and Beibars came to power. Lot of mamluks died for a fight to take a power including Shadiyar, her next husband Mamluk Aibek, her son Turanshakh
Very interesting, I didn't know about her at all.
One suggestion I've seen for Raziyya Sultana's ascension in Delhi was due to the influence of the steppe/Qipchaq culture, wherein roles for women would be less strike. Though the Mongols and Khitans were not turkic, there were a number of very powerful women among both and the Khitan dynasties, the Liao and the Qara-Khitai, both had female empresses, while the Mongols had female regents who for a few years essentially were the rulers of the empire.
So potentially the environment of the growing influence of the Turkic Mamluks in the final years of the Ayyubids possibly allowed a woman to come to power there (it looks like some historians even theorize that Shajar was turkic herself). Since the Caliph would have more influence in Cairo than in Delhi, it is also possible to see how that could have restricted her to ruling in full. But I don't know enough about the Ayyubid-Mamluk transition to say that with much certainty. As you say, it was such an unstable time that a strong person able to wield influence no matter their gender could have gained power.
As it was, Raziyya only reigned as Delhi Sultan for four years, after Iltutmish's primary heirs had died, and was overthrown for looking to favour non-Turkic elements of the court. So not exactly a groundbreaking reign.
Thanks, very insightful.
My grandmother was kipchak! I am Kazakh
My mother kipchak
I am also a Kazakh, we r descendants of the kipchaks
Stuff like this is awesome, i think analizing different accounts of lesser known steppe people is something you should do more on the channel. Like the Hunnic relation to the Xiongnu and the Hepthalites, or the Avars etc. Keep it up!
Thank you! My hope is to do more like this in the future. The main thrust of the channel will still be the Mongols, and when I do videos like this it will be on groups who were related to, or interacted with, the Mongols in some way (which also helps with the research for my videos on the Mongol conquests) before I go and step out for more distant people like the Hepthalites or Avars.
@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory Ok cool, if you want to stay with the mongols, you could probably still find some interesting things with the Xiongnu, since they were proto - mongolic and are believed by many to be the ancestors to the Huns we commonly know from the eastern European steppe. It's still very contested if the Huns were Turkic, Mongolic, Scythian, Iranian etc etc. The only real indicator of what they were are their recorded names, we also have some discriptions by roman ambassadors.
Here are some names - Dengizich, Ruga, Mundzuc, Bleda, Balamber, Hormidac, Oebar, Edeco, Attila Etc etc.
And here is a discription of Attila by the roman diplomat priscus - "Short of stature, with a broad chest and a large head; his eyes were small, his beard thin and sprinkled with grey; and he had a flat nose and tanned skin, showing evidence of his origin"
There is some real interesting stuff, you should dig into it when you have covered the mongols!
@@gemino4910 Xiongnu/Huns were Tiele-Göktürk-Onogur related people but you are believing they were Mongolic peoples and not Turkic🤣
@@gemino4910 Hunnic ruler and tribal names are very clearly Oghur Turkic and Bulgars, Onogurs, Akatziri, Sabirs, Utigurs, Kutrigurs, Saragurs were their remnants. 0 iranic or mongolic tribe🤣
It's a very interesting video and account of history but please can I ask you use a simpler style of test that is easier to read on screen.... I had real problems trying to read it. Thanks
As always Amazing historical content man! big thumps up!
Many thanks my friend!
I’m Crimean Tatar, and my nation is considered as the direct inherit of Cumans and Codex Cummanicus ( a dictionary written in Cuman) is proof of this, since the Cuman language is closest to the current Crimean Tatar. Another interesting fact: in Codex Cummanicus the language called itself “Tatar tili” - Tatar language. Tatar - is our authonym. The dictionary was written before the Mongolian invasion, which proves that Tatars were living in Crimea long before the Mongolian rule. Unfortunately after years of colonization, marginalization and deportation my people were forced to forget our great history. So thank you for your video!
With all due respect, Cumans were horse riders, free spirited warriors. Modern tatars submitted to easily to Russian tsar. I doubt that you are direct successors of great warriors of the Steppes.
@@danasingapore135 well, there’s a thing that is called “development”. In 10-15 centuries Crimean Tatars were famous for their horse riders and stuff like that, but with the creation of state borders, the need for a sedentary life arose. The army was no longer the same as before, life in general was no longer the same as before. Plus, Crimean Khanate was the longest living successor of the Golden Horde. Crimean Tatars are the direct descendants of the Cumans, we bare their language and culture, there’s no doubt in it. And these are not my words, it’s a historical fact.
@@danasingapore135 What Inflammatory, disgraceful crap you speak. Crimean Khanate was independent for centuries and battled against the growing massive Russian Empire for hundreds of years, sacking Moscow occasionally. Go back to the ditch you crawled out of
This is brilliant!
There were other unique turkic people such as the gokturks, khazars, and volga bulgars
I hope to do videos on each in time, as I love to learn as much as I can on all these peoples. The Volga Bulgars I am already looking at, due to their interaction with Subutai, but the Gokturks and Khazars will be much further away in time.
@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory gokturk = turkey when gokturk empire fall some of the turkic people stay in asia some of them go tp anotolia before kuman kipchak confederacy oghuz yabgu state was living there then oghuz yagbus move to anotolia then make seljuq empire then 2nd seljuk empire then anotolia
@@aosis9q Gokturk's come from mongolia
@@Orgil. Doesnt matter. They where still Turkic and not Mongolian. Keep crying.
@@okanisiertlmao do you think modern day turks are same with Gokturks ? there are lots of grave founded in Mongolia and Most of them have Mongol dna.if you dont have Mongol dna on you then you are not REAL TURK.where are you from btw?Turkey ?
fun fact a modern turkish speakers can read %70 or %80 kıpçak inscriptions
I have recently taken up a fascination with the Siberian Turks. Do you plan on doing any videos about these more obscure groups?
I'm loving these videos. Keep it up!
I would love nothing more than to have an entire library of videos on these well known peoples. For now, any videos that aren't on the Mongols themselves will be on groups who were related to, or interacted with, the Mongols in some manner, and then later on discuss peoples more distant in space and time (like as another comment suggested, the Avars or Hepthalites).
Baibars was a Kipchak 😼
Very interesting video ; I recently found one of Khan Köten's daughters is my direct ancestor so it was nice to see a few history videos on this nation.
Would that daughter be Elizabeth the Cuman by any chance? I will actually be talking a little about her and the Cumans in Hungary in a video coming out in early February!
@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory that would be correct ! through her daughter Mary of Hungary, Queen of Naples
on I believe 6 or 7 distinct lines. I've been trying to trace past Khan Koten but the only thing I could find is a rumor that his father was Khan Suthoi.
@@LaSenioraKittehz Unfortunately, you are unlikely to find more on Kotjen beyond that. We know he was an important Cuman chief, as he married another one of his daughters to Mstislav of Galicia, but it's not until about 1222/1223, when the Mongols killed the most powerful Cuman -Qipchaq chiefs, that Kotjen really stands out and gets attention in the sources. I think there is a few earlier mentions of him, but there is very little information about him before the Kalka River battle. It's commonly mentioned that his clan was the Terteroba, but I think tracing the clan's history to before Kalka is also difficult.
Our sources are often only interested in the nomads when they start dealing with sedentary powers- and for Kotjen, it's that 1222/1223 where he starts interacting with them beyond that marriage alliance.
@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory The closest i could get to tracing it beyond kalka is a rumour that he was related to Khan Otrok who was involved in fighting with the rus in the very early 12th century.
Wait, my ancestor is khan köten too
Good video!
A Cuman is here. My ancestors are from Macedonia, around the Danube (Romania/Bulgaria) and Ukraine.
I have blue eyes, light-brown/blond hair, tall and fit. My cheekbones are high. I have a bit slant eyes.
Your chance of being Cuman is sadly too low. Yet your name is Anatolian Turkish and Balkan Turks has the lowest Turkic ancestory. Also phenotype doesn't explain genotype.
Fatih Koç They are Cuman Tatar, how can they be Anatolian Turks? My grandparents used to use words from Cuman dialect mostly. At home we did not use to use modern Turkish.
Search for it. And happily, my chance is way too high.
And phenotype explains very well.
So with your logic, a man who is black may not be African too.
Come on...
My grandma is from Cumanova, Macedonia. Does it explain anything?
Another grandma is from Crimea.
My grandfathers are from Romania, today Bulgaria. They are all known as Tatar villages. They have slant eyes.
Do you need more information? They have never been to Anatolia before. We are all different from another Turks who came from Anatolia to Balkans.
Tatars and the Turks who went to Balkans from Anatolia are not same.
Dig in the history more.
Fatih Koç I have searched each word that we used to speak at home and compared it to Cuman dialect. I did my research very well. Do not care.
Words are matching
My family’s phenotypes’ are matching
What else will you find?
@@turk_rebel_1percenter Its a common thing to Balkan Turks to have blonde phenotype but what im actually curious about is that how did you found how the Cuman dialect was? There isn't any Cuman writtings exists. There is only Codexus Cumanicus whic is written by Europeans to make trade with Cumans. You probably searched how the old Turkic languages sound like and then you found out some words and sayings. But nearly all the old Turkic languages are nearly the same.
Fatih Koç It was really bullshit to judge me from my name.
I mean, there was a sprinter who’s name was Elvan but she was from Africa?
So? 😂
I'm a Cuman based on the father's lineage, just north of Danube. My male ancestors all had blue eyes and blond hair (FWIK until puberty during the last generations).
Thanked for the video, I was familiar with some of this history, please keep it up Jackmeister!
This strange phenomenon, losing the blond color in hair, after puberty strikes, is called the "Balkan Blond". It is manifested in many people in the area. Being it of a slavic, cuman, roman, turkic, bulgarian, greek, latin, rus, viking, hun, albanian and-a-million-other-peoples-throughout-the-ages origin, the effect is always that the blond hair seem to dissapear after puberty and become brown. Possibly to counter the increased sunlight after the ice age. And the blue eye gene is also getting gradually repressed in the area, for the same reason.
@@roseblue_ the real kumans was black kumania brownie from kazakstan khazar Hebrew uygur and roma gypsies kipcak mamluk of delhy and Egypt from uygur khazar and khazar Hebrew turk his kipcak children of scitians saka indo iranians mongolic euroastiatics who rule turkestan kazakstan tarim basin bulgary and Romania after disappeared the name scityians they was caled cumans kipcak tatars and scitians saka are our ancestors of roma gypsies indo iranians and uygur khazar saka and khazar hebrew and uzbeki uzbeki is uygur tribe's khazar they mix everiwhere the cumans in bulgarya Romania Macedonia and Poland khazar Hebrews cossak was not polish was khazar Hebrews
@Sweet Angel I was told my grand grandfather was like this too. Also, our last name in Romanian (Coman) means "Cuman", which the existing residents used to name the cumans who settled in their area.
@Sweet Angel it sounds like your ancestors were the Kipchaks. Cumans were the western part (blond blue eyes), Kipchaks the eastern part, mongoloid looking: en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumans (read under 'Names and etymology').
im kipchak from altay xinjang region. My grandparents had blue green eyes blond hair too and they were all tall.
I do honestly want to know, if it's still a living language, are there resources that would allow me to learn the Kipchak language? If so, does anyone have a link?
EDIT! So I have found that some information is available through Kazakhstan sources, I'm glad to know that such a resource exists!
Thank you to the folks at "Kazakh TV" for being there as a resource. It's very difficult to find anything with English subtitles otherwise.
Its alive langauge in diffrent kind like crimean tatar langauge tatarstan tatar langauge and black sea citys im turkey mostly kipchaks live in Black sea in turkey and Eskisehir The most close language to Turkish is kipchak langauge (crimean tatar) language
Crimean tatars, Karachays, Balkars, Kumuks, Nogais have the most that left from kipchaks as their language remained very much preserved
@@aosis9q Thank you so very much for the information!! I am glad to know that the language survives! (hopefully along with the culture and people)
I hope that you are having a wonderful day. Thank you for the information, myriad blessings upon you 😁
@@canadianguy5244 Thank you for the information! This gives me something to work with! And to work towards!
Have a wonderful, blessed day!
Thanks, thanks , many thanks :)
This is a super interesting niche channel i watched one of your other videos and i didn't know theres so much to know about the Mongols who in most peoples minds are morphed into a homogeneous "barbaric horseman"
Thank you! I always think niche is better. Rather than cover 100 topics broadly, the amount both ourselves and others learn is so much more by covering one topic in detail.
The Russian name of the cumans Polovtsy (yellows) came as a direct translation of “sari-qipchaq” as they called themselves (yellow qipchaq), not because of their hair color. In many asian traditions, including mongolian and turkic, cardinal directions have colors, and yellow or golden is the center, hence the Golden Horde (again, not because they were blonde). Other central asian people with colors in their name - Gökturks (blue turks), white huns, black huns. Also - seas around Anatolia in turkish named after colors - karadeniz (black sea), kizildeniz (red sea), akdeniz (mediterranean sea)
Dude, it is recorded in Arab sources that they are very light skinned, blue eyed and blonde. Likewise, the Chinese also refer to the Kyrgyz (a Kipchak Tribe) as having red hair and colored eyes. It speaks directly about this in Latin sources. In other words, Turks can also have blond hair and colored eyes. There's no point in denying that. My father, who is a Turk, has slanted eyes, but I have red-blond hair and blue/green central heterochromic eyes. Turks had many phenotypes because they married women from many different tribes. So this is normal.
Also, the Cumans headed west. If they were to be identified by a color that would be black or white. So that's not appropriate, dude. Also, the Göktürks are not like you think, it's probably related to Göktanrı (God of Sky) . The Ashina clan, who gave the name Turk and founded the Gokturk empire, is a white tribe. Probably relatives with the Wusuns. It is written in Chinese sources that Mukan Kagan has auburn hair and blue eyes. And DNA tests show that they carry the Scythian gene and belong to haplogroups R1a,R1b and N.
The Turks are descendants of the Scythians, so it's not surprising.
@@enesacer9014 If Turkic people were descendants of Scythians, they would be speaking an indo European language since Scythians were Iranic speakers. The closest living descendant of this language is Ossetian. The Turkic homeland is in the Mongolian steppes and eastern Siberia, they expanded and moved west over the centuries in different directions! They absorbed and ejected the previous inhabitants of the Central Asian steppes since as early as the second century, by the 6th to 7th century Central Asia was thoroughly Turkic.
@@enesacer9014 The Kyrgyz of old, (yenesei Kyrgyz) and the modern Kyrgyz are not a “kipchak tribe“, the modern Kyrgyz nationality developed from a kipchak speaking confederation of Turkic and turko mongolian tribes. And the Yenesei Kyrgyz didn’t speak a kipchak dialect, they spoke a Siberian Turkic dialect that would be more closer to Sakha rather than Kyrgyz or Kazakh even.
“They were part of the army that murdered my father!” - Henry of Skalitz
Most of the modern kipchaks in Kazakhstan and also Kumandin of Russia have patternal r1b y haplogroup which is most common in west european and american males
“Codex Cumanicus” is a Latin-Cuman Lexicon. Cumans speaked a turkic language.
Your videos are great, I hope to see a video about Timurids from you.
Thank you! I will 100% cover the Timurids in the future, but I don't know when that will be. Certainly after I finish with Chinggis Khan's career. I'm really interested in comparing Timur and Chinggis, and I don't think you can study Timur without understanding the world left behind by the Mongol Empire, or Timur's own intentional comparisons to Chinggis Khan.
Deriving a new verb in turkish...
1.(Der-mek= ~to set)..ter'kib ve ter'tib etmek ... (used after the verbs which ending in consonant)
Verb+Dar+mak= to new verb (for the thick voiced words)
Verb+Der+mek= to new verb (for the subtle voiced words)
(is used as) ...(Dar-der-tar-ter-ar-er) Dır-dir-dur-dür / Tır-tir-tur-tür / Ir-ir-ur-ür
(akmak-aktarmak) (bakmak-baktırmak) (almak-aldırmak)(çıkmak-çıkarmak) (kaçmak-kaçırmak)
2.(Et-mek = ~ to make).... (used after the verbs which ending with vowel and when the suffix "der" is used before)
Verb+T+mak= to new verb (for the thick voiced words)
Verb+T+mek= to new verb (for the subtle voiced words)
(is used as) ...T (ıt-it-ut-üt)
(akmak-akıtmak) (bakmak-bakıtmak)(yürümek-yürütmek) (yırmak-yırtmak) (öldürmek-öldürtmek)
3.(Eş=partner)....(together or with partner)-(all together or altogether)- (each other or for each one) (with someone or against the others)
Verb+aŞ+mak= to new verb (for the thick voiced words)
Verb+eŞ+mek= to new verb (for the subtle voiced words)
(is used as) ...Ş (ış-iş-uş-üş)
(bulmak-buluşmak) (görmek-görüşmek) (girmek-girişmek)
4.(Al/el = to get.... by someone or something)
Verb+aL+mak= to new verb (for the thick voiced words)
Verb+eL+mek= to new verb (for the subtle voiced words)
(is used as) ...L (ıl-il-ul-ül) (it's used to shorten some verbs as) ...N (ın-in-un-ün)
(gitmek-gidilmek) (sevmek-sevilmek) (yemek-(yeyilmek)-yenmek)
5.(En=own diameter(self around)=(about own)
Verb+aN+mak= to new verb (for the thick voiced words)
Verb+eN+mek= to new verb (for the subtle voiced words)
(is used as)...N (ın-in-un-ün)
(görmek-görünmek) (bulmak-bulunmak) (yıkamak-yıkanmak)
Sar-mak= ~to encircle
1.Der- (Sar-dır-mak) 1/2.Et- (Sar-dır-t-mak) 3. Eş- (Sar-ış-mak) 4.Al- (Sar-ıl-mak) 5.En- (Sar-ın-mak)
Sev-mek=~ to love
1.Der- (Sev-dir-mek) 1/2.Et- (Sev-dir-t-mek) 3. Eş- (Sev-iş-mek) 4.Al- (Sev-il-mek) 5.En- (Sev-in-mek)
Mak/Mek...(emek)=exertion (process)
Git=Go ...(verb root)
Git-mek= to go
(Git-der-mek)=(gittirmek)=1. Götürmek= to take away.....(2. gidermek=~to resolve)
(Git-en-der-mek)=(gidindirmek)= Göndermek= to send
Gel-mek= to come
(Gel-der-mek)=(geltirmek)=Getirmek= to bring
1.Gelmek...2.Getirmek...3.Getirtmek...4.Getirttirmek..5.Getirttirtmek....and it's going so on....
Dür-mek=(dürmek)= to roll it up (to make it becomes a roll)
(Tör-mek)=Dör-mek= to rotate on its axis(old meaning)-(to stir it , to mix it(current meaning)) (törük halk=mixed people)
(Dör-en-mek)=dörünmek= to rotate oneself(old meaning)-(to turn by oneself(current meaning))
(Törn-mek)=Dön-mek=(dönmek)= to turn oneself
(Dön-der-mek)=döndürmek= to turn it
(Dön-eş-mek)=dönüşmek= to turn (altogether) to something
(Dön-eş-der-mek)=dönüştürmek= to convert it into
Yürü-mek= to walk
(Yürü-et-mek)=yürütmek= to make this goes on
(Yürü-et-der-mek)=yürüttürmek=to be provider ensuring this is going on
present simple tense
for positive sentences..
(Verb)-A-Var= existent-available-ready TO (verb)
(Verb)-E-Er= get TO (verb)
Var-mak= to arrive (at)...(for the thick voiced words) (positive suffixes)=(Ar-ır-ur)
Er-mek= to get (at) ...(for the subtle voiced words) (positive suffixes)=(Er-ir-ür)
for negative sentences
Ma=not
Bas-mak= to dwell on .... (to press onto/into) (to pass over)
(negativity suffix)=Maz=(ma-bas) =(No pass)=na pas=not to dwell on= ~give up =(~vaz geç-mek) ...(for the thick voiced words)
Ez-mek= to crush...(to press down) ( to compress)
(negativity suffix)=Mez=(ma-ez) =(No crush)=(do/es not)= ~skip =(~es geç-mek)...(for the subtle voiced words)
(Uç-mak)= to fly
(Uç-a-var)= Uçar= that flies ( gets to fly)
(Uç-ma-bas)= uçmaz= doesn't fly (~gives up flying)
(Uç-der-ma-bas)=(uçturmaz)=uçurmaz= doesnt fly it (doesn't make it fly)
(Uç-eş-ma-bas)=uçuşmaz= doesn't (all) together fly
(Uç-al-ma-bas)=uçulmaz= doesn't get being flied
Su=water (Suv)=fluent-flowing.....(suvu)=Sıvı=fluid, liquid
(Süb-mek)=~ to make it flow outside(outwards)
(süb-der-mek=süptürmek)=süpürmek=to sweep)
Süv-mek=~ to flow inside(inwards)
Say-mak=~ to make it flow (drop by drop)one by one (from the mind) = ~ to count up, ~ to deem)
Söy-mek=~ to make it flow from the tongue (Söy-le-mek= to make (the sentences) flowing by the tongue =~ to say, ~ to tell )
Sev-mek=~ to make it flow from the tongue (to the heart) = to love
(Söv-mek)=~ call names
Süy-mek=~ to make it flow from inside (süyüt) =Süt= milk
Soy-mak=~ to make it flow over it/him/her ( to peel, ~to strip, ~to rob ) (Soy-en-mak)=soyunmak=to undress
(Sıy-der-mak)=sıyırmak= skimming, ~skinning
Siy-mek=~ to make it flow out =(peeing) (siyidik) =Sidik= urine
Sür-mek = ~ to make it flow on (something)
Süz-mek = ~ to make it lightly flow from up to downwards (~to filter, strain out)
Sez-mek = ~ to make it lightly flow into the mind (~to perceive, to intuit)
Sız-mak = ~ to get flowed slightly/slowly (~to infiltrate)
Sağ-mak= ~ to make it pour down (Sağanak=downpour)
(sağ-en-mak)=sağınmak=~ to make oneself pour from thought into emotions
(Sağn-mak)=San-mak= ~ to make it pour from thought into an idea
Sav-mak=~ to make it pour outside (2. put forward- set forth in) (sağan)=Sahan=the container to pour water
(Sav-der-mak)=(savdurmak)= savurmak... (Sav-der-al-mak)=(savurulmak)= savrulmak
(Sav-en-mak)=savunmak=to defend (Sav-en-al-mak)=savunulmak
(Sav-al-mak)=savulmak
(Sav-eş-mak)=1.savaşmak=to pour the blood of each other=to shed each other's blood.. (savaş=war)
2.savuşmak=to get spilled around.(altogether-downright)=(sıvışmak=~running away in fear)..
(Sav-eş-der-mak)=1.savaştırmak=(~to make them fight each other).2.savuşturmak =(ward off-fend off)
Sürmek = ~ to make it flow on (something)
(Sür-e--er)= sürer = lasts (goes on), (2.takes away)
(Sür-der-mek)= sürdürmek= to make this to continue (~to sustain)
(Sür-der-e--er)= sürdürür = makes it to last forward ,(makes it continue)
(Sür-ma-ez)= sürmez = doesn't drive ... (2. gives up flowing on) (3. gives up going on)
(Sür-der-ma-ez)= sürdürmez =doesn't make it go on (doesn't make it continue)
(Sür-al-ma-ez)= sürülmez =doesnt get driven by any.. (2.doesnt get followed by any..)
Sür-en-mek= sürünmek= (~to makeup) (~rides odor) (~to paint oneself)
Sürü-mek= taking it away forward (or backward on the floor)
(Sürü-e--er)=sürür=takes it away forward
(Sürü-et-mek)=(sürütmek) sürtmek=~ to rub
(Sürü-al-mek)=2.sürülmek=to get expelled
(Sürü-en-mek)=2.sürünmek=to creep on
(Sürü-en--der-mek)=süründürmek=~ to make it's creeping on
(Sürü-et-en-mek)=sürtünmek=to have a friction
(Sürü-et--eş-mek)=sürtüşmek=to get rubbed each other
(Gör-mek)=to see
(Gör-e-er)=görür=(that) sees..
(Gör-ma-ez)=görmez=(that) doesn't see
(Gör-en-ma-ez)= görünmez= doesn't show ownself (doesn't seem)
(Gör-al-ma-ez)= görülmez= doesn't get seen by any..
(Gör-eş-ma-ez)= görüşmez= doesn't get seen each other
(Görs-der-ma-ez)=göstermez=(that) doesn't show
Göz=(Görs)=(Khorus)= (one) Eye
(Görs-et-mek)=(görsetmek)=to make it visible
(Görs-der-mek)=göstermek=to show
(Tanı-mak)= to recognize
(Tanı-ma-bas)= tanımaz= doesn't recognize
(Tanı-et-ma-bas)= tanıtmaz= doesn't make it to get recognized
(Tanı-en-ma-bas)= tanınmaz= doesn't inform about oneself =doesn't get recognized by any..(doesn't get known by any)
(Tanı-eş-ma-bas)= tanışmaz= doesn't recognize each other (doesn't get known each other)
Tanışmak= to get to know each other =(~to meet first time)
Danışmak= to get information from each other
1.(la/le = to make via)-~getting by means of -....to do it through this...~getting with ..)... (used after the nouns and adjectives)
(....le-mek-..la-mak.)....(...le-et-mek- ..la-et-mak) (..le-et-der-mek-...la-et-der-mak)
(....lemek-..lamak.)....(...letmek- ..latmak) (..lettirmek-...lattırmak)
Tıŋı=tune (timbre)
Tıŋı-la-mak= to take a sound out
= (Tınlamak=~answering and reacting )(~to take heed of)
Tıŋ-mak= to react verbally,
Tiŋi-le-mek=to take a sound in = (Dinlemek= to listen)
Tiŋ-mek=(to get soundless)=(Dinmek= to calm down (to get quiescent)
Tıngırdatmak=to try playing the musical instrument
2.(laş/leş =(ile-eş)= (to become equal to..) (to become the same of..) (used after the nouns and adjectives)
(....leş-mek-..laş-mak.)...(..leş-der-mek-...laş-der-mak)....(...leş-der-et-mek- ..laş-der-et-mak)
(....leşmek-..laşmak.)...(..leştirmek-...laştırmak)....(...leştirtmek- ..laştırtmak)
3.(lan/len =(ile-en)= (to become with)- (to get it by..)(to have it by..) (used after the nouns and adjectives)
(....len-mek-..lan-mak.)...(..len-der-mek-...lan-der-mak)....(...len-der-et-mek- ..lan-der-et-mak)
(....lenmek-..lanmak.)...(..lendirmek-...landımak)....(...lendirtmek- ..landırtmak)
by reiterations
(Parıl Parıl) parıl-da-mak= to gleam
(Işıl Işıl) ışıl-da-mak= to shine
(Şarıl Şarıl) şarıl-da-mak
(Bangır Bangır) bangır-da-mak
(Hüngür Hüngür) hüngür-de-mek
(Kıpır Kıpır) kıpır-da-mak
(Kımıl Kımıl) kımıl-da-mak
(Zırıl Zırıl) zırıl-da-mak
(Horul Horul) horul-da-mak
(Vızır Vızır) Vızır-da-mak
by colors
Ak= white
Ağar-mak = to turn to white
Kara= black
Karar-mak=to become blackened
Kızıl= red
Kızar-mak= to turn red (to blush) (to be toasted)
Yeşil= green
Yeşermek=to turn to green (come into leaf)
Göğermek= to turn to blue
Kırarmak=to graying
Sararmak=to turn yellow
Bozarmak=to turn to brown
Morarmak=to turn to purple
by a whim or a want
Su-sa-mak= to thirst
Kanık-sa-mak
gülüm-se-mek= to smile
küçüm-se-mek
Facinating.
Thanks!
Golden Horde=Kipchak Khanate of Merkit Turk origin
But was köten(khan of qipchaq-cuman con) kipchack or cuman?
As a Cuman-Kipchak Turk, I love this video! Thanks ☺️🙏🏼
Can I ask a question please? Do modern day Kipchaks have Asiatic features or Aryan features?
@@saqeralthawara2342 For sure! Well, I would say both. We are known as “blonde Turks” so mostly Aryan features but also a lot of Asian features. There is also a mix of both, like blonde hair with Asian eyes, high cheeck bones😊
@@Beyzatomris Thank you for your reply, have you ever heard of Baybars The Father of Conquest? He was a Kipchak warrior in the 13th century who converted to Islam and Ruled Egypt , Syria and Palestine and defeated the Mongols . In the Arab world we consider him a hero who saved us from the Mongols .
@@BeyzatomrisI thought most kipchaks were dark haired. I stand corrected.
Music?
Subtitles have now been added, incase you wanted more text on screen.
I read in Islamic sources written in Arabic that they were blonde, had pale skin, and blue eyes, and that their women were very desirable to the Russian nobility.
Russians and Rus is not the same. Russian became ethnicity in 17th century
Coomer arab
No, there is not a single historical record that says they had blonde hair or blue eyes. They rode light brown/yellowish horses.
4:45 name of the music please
how early do those full face masks appear on cataphracts? are the solely a cuman thing or are there predecessors?
It started with the huns. Cumans, Pechenegs, Kazakhs, Seljuks, Ottomans all wore moustached masks
Very interesting history
How come you didn't mention Codex Cumanicus? it is the probably the most important written document of Cuman langauge
5:32 on screen
In hungarian it's kun not qun. But the pronounciation is the same.
Moarte Cumanilor If you hate cumans so much then why is it in your name?
Moarte Cumanilor who the fck are you to say that we must go back
I am Filipino and have no relation to the turkic Mongolian Tribes but I admire your history and culture. Beautiful.
And you clearly insult it, they're not turkish.
@@jackstod how am I insulting it? I think turkic and Mongolian culture is amazing. Why are you being negative.
Hey will make a video about the chagatai And ilkhanate invasion of India in which they were severly defeated.Btw great video are you planning on making a video about the yuan invasion java and vietnam (they are rarely talked about)
I hope to in time talk in detail about the Mongol defeats in India, Vietnam, Java, and other areas (as well as many other topics!) There are a lot of very poorly known or understood areas of this period I would love to walk about, it is just a matter of time and resources to deal with them. And I want to get through more of the Mongol's successes so it can be a 'foundation' to compare to why in some areas they were so successful, while also suffering repeated defeats in others.
@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory take your time and thanks for making such informative videos
I hope he talks about Tamerlane's (Timur) invasion.
I am Oğuz Türk and ı am greeting all Humanity and my beloved Kıpçak brothers and sisters.
Bellyblobs
@@npickle54 what ?
@@selimkahraman5582 it's my catchphrase
5:48 that's when my ancestors moved from steppe to north eastern Anatolia and where we still live
𐰋𐰃𐰼 𐱃𐰣𐰼𐰢 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜𐰏 𐰚𐰇𐰔𐰓 𐰘𐰏𐰓
𐰽𐰯𐰦𐰀 𐰋𐰇𐰼𐰚𐱅
𐰲𐰼𐰓𐰀 𐰚𐰜𐰋𐰇𐰼𐰇 𐰉𐰆𐰞
What script is that?
@@lgosuberalles4336 This is " TAMGA " Turkish runic alphabet.
Janissary_ML , no turkish, turkic alphabet
Bilo's Barnyard it’s Runic alphabet , Meaning ( Tamga )
First Write GokTurk empire in 700’s
Brought here by KCD, where I’ve slayed many a kipchak
*Henry has come to see you*
Really feel quite hungry
I'm cuman from hungary.
@Moarte Cumanilor chicken shit.
@Moarte Cumanilor They have been in Europe for centuries at this point
@Moarte CumanilorDont cry, just suck!
Moarte Cumanilor no cryyy
World is not your
Hungarians best nation in Eu🇹🇷🇭🇺❤️
Lit
Nice
Kipckak is written with a dotless 'i' in turkish (Kıpçak) thus indicating that it is pronounced as a 'shwa' and not like a regular 'i'
One of the best Turkic nomadic warriors in history
@علي ياسر nice irony
There is big tribe named as qipshaq in the middle juz of Qazaq nation. Moreover , author didn’t mention that qanli confederation was in power for more than 600 years , before even Turk khanate. While today Qanli, is a part of Uli juz confederation of tribe in Qazaq nation .
A very remarkable people.
But is the background music from Lawrence of Arabia?
Wow supposed to be descended from them. Where did they end up mostly? Which country today?
Largely Russia and Kazakhstan, though communities of their descendants remain in the Caucasus and Eastern European, especially Hungary.
@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory Some lived in Turkey too. Like they founded villages and all
Lady Sapphire do you have cuman ancestors
Kypchaks converted to Christianity
I'm kyrgyz kipchak, tnx for video. 👍🏻
How did the Jasz people fit into this picture?
The Jasz originated from Alania and migrated alongside the Cumans to Hungary during the Mongol invasions.
The Kumyk of Dagestan claim direct ancestry from the Cumans
Kumyks are turkic as well
From are you?
can you do this about Pannonian Avars?
Nerfed too soon, RIP Cumans
Fat Cumans no number 1 again
They are not extinct lol
I came here ngl because I saw cumin culture in eu4 while playing extended timeline mod and also bc I wanted to know more about the funni named horde in aoc2
Umarım sağlam bi netflix dizisi yapılırda kumanlara yer verilir.
Çağrı Emirhan Demir harbi ya çok iyi tarihleri var
@@papazataklaattiranimam Kesinlikle
Çağrı Emirhan Demir
Şuraya bir bak yok yok
List of Cumans/Wikipedia
Kazıklı Voyvoda bile Cuman
@@papazataklaattiranimam Herif türk mü la
(try speaking Cuman)
Cumans are broken as hell, a second town center in feudal age and over powered steppe lancers
:D
lol
Nerf
But still stronk
Kingdom Deliverance players, hello !
I could use a bite to eat
God bless you Henry
I am a romanian. Love to my cuman fellows! 🇷🇴❤
Thanks to the cumans, vlachs finally managed to make their country! Vallachia. Through Basarab 1.
Tegim Turki / Bolimim Qypchaq / Ruym Berish / Ultym Qazaq
I'm proud to be a Cuman
@Arno Eastasian like you know everything elese...i look Cuman..my parents are Cuman...I'm Cuman.
Hello from your distant relative Kazań tatar!
@@ww249 Hello form the plains of Hungary :D
@@hungariancuman2835 you can learn Turkish from my first video list in daily basic level in a month by listening 30 minutes lesson per day. it teaches native way. without grammar.
@@PimsleurTurkishLessons Nice I'll check it out :)
My family traced our ancestors to the Yuan Dynasty prime minister El Temur. The descendants of him scattered among Southwestern China and lived to today. It’s interesting to hear about our family’s story. 😂
09:19 iltutmush means. landlord
İl(or el, depending on the variation of Turkic) - land
tutmush - "the one who held"
so literal translation would be landholder.
Does anyone know their ancestors back to Adam? Or the sons of Noa?
Wait, are they cumans or kipchaks?
Kingdom Come: Deliverance sent me here
Same here
being a Cuman sent me here...
So do you guys think they really wore those mustache masks or are those a later Mongolian invention that the brought with them after their conquests?
The opinion now is that there is no direct evidence for Cuman-Qipchaq use of these masks before the Mongol period. There is a Seljuq manuscript with an illustration, dating to around 1250 which seems to depict one. But otherwise most evidence (both in terms of surviving paintings from Ilkhanate) and archaeology (from Golden Horde) places them to 14th century. Archaeologically, they are almost always found in conjunction with a style of helmet which came west with the Mongols and developed after the conquest. There is currently no evidence to place them as a piece of pre-Mongol Qipchaq dress; though it isn't impossible (we may simply have not found it yet), the identification in the first place rested purely on speculation by Soviet researchers. At various times, they also identified these masks as Rus', Persian/Sassanid and even Norman! I have plans in future to do a video dedicated to this topic that explains it more fully.
@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory so cool and thank you for the reply, the seluk one is interesting, but how is it a seljuk depiction in the 1250’s? Was it the seljuks of Rum, and if it’s the 1250’s after mongol conquests, isn’t it possible they just got it from the mongols?
Also one more thing, you should do a video about the genetics of the cumans and kipchaks and the other western Eurasian nomads, as I find it fascinating how the assimilated genetically and changed with their conquests. Like how the eastern scythians were asiatic and the Western European while the central were a blend.
Were the western cumans european in appearance like the sources that claim blue eyed and blonde hair say, or were they majority Asian with a minority of European genes from wife stealing?
I could only find one genetic study on cumans which examined 12 burials in hungary (12 clearly isn’t enough for this) and 11 were Asian, with the 12th, who was the Chief interestingly enough, having mixed euro-asian ancestry.
I’m kumuk and I’m kipchak
no. you are kıpchak turk.
I first learn the name in Kings and Generals series about the mongol invasion.
Here again, this time from age of empires DE
There is 2 main roots on Turks one is Oghuz one is Chuman/Kypcaks you can split 20-30 mini Turkic Grps under it..
@Nadir Hikmet Kuleli who are the siberian ones?
@Nadir Hikmet Kuleli peçenekler ne
@Nadir Hikmet Kuleli Kıpçaklar da mi oğuz?,
@Nadir Hikmet Kuleli Bizim oranin adamina peçenek derler ondan dolayi ben peçenek olduğumu düşünüyorum wiki de de bizim ilçe var peceneklerin yaşadığı yer diye
Came here because of the Kingdom Come Deliverance game.
Kazakhs have a Kipchak tribe in Middle Juz, a Kangli tribe in Senior Juz and a Nogai tribe in Junior Juz, in total about 1 million to 1.5 million Cuman Kipchaks in its 18 million modern population. Unfortunately most Kipchaks were either sold as slaves or forced to migrate elsewhere and got assimilated after the Mongol(Tatar) conquest.
I am Gujjar from Kashmir we are àlso Mongols ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
Karakalpaks, who lived near the Aral sea, has a large clan called Cipchak.
When you say a joint Kipchak Rus force this is incorrect. You should have said a joint Cuman Kipchak Rus force. You keep repeating the name Kipchak without saying Cuman. This is seriously incorrect!! Equally you should mention the name Cuman. You need to be aware that a couple of authors and academics stress that the Cumans and Kipchaks are two differebt tribes. You have just repeated the mainstream information that has been going around, but everyone seems to ignore the fact that historians say thet were two different tribes. I have the links of the history books mentioning this. You should have put this in the video. To say they were known as Cuman and Kipchak by different people is wrong, as that gives the impression they were the same. You need to update your video to mention this.
You also said that lots of Cumans went to Hungary to escape, but forgot to mention that a lot of them also went to their own Second Bulgarian Empire too.
Another mistake is when you wrote that Mamluks are mainly Qipchak Circassuan and Oghuz.
First of all there were no Oghuz among them. Second you again forgot to add Cuman (in Crimea as far as Im aware there were mainly Cumans not Kipchaks and it is said the Mamluks came from Crimea), at the least you should have said Cuman-Kipchak everywhere in the video and not just Kipchak. Third it was ONLY Cuman Kipchaks that created the Mamluk empire, not Circassians
First, I'll explain my reasoning for presenting them in that way:
The Qipchaq-Cuman relationship is a bit of tricky topic (though you are right, I should have included Cuman alongside Qipchaq more than I did). I found authors who were 100% Cumans and Qipchaqs were two completely distinct people right up until the Mongol conquest, some who were 100% they were just one group, and then some who were 100% they were originally two distinct groups, but became very closely related by the 13th century (at least in some areas, like the Volga region). Statements by some of the medieval authors don't help matters at all: The Persian writers consistently use Qipchaq to refer to them, but then we have a few early remarks where they use 'Qun,' which is the Hungarian for Cuman. The European travelers across the Mongol Empire in the 1240s and 50s like John de Plano Carpini and William of Rubruck then have statements that are very confusing, saying things like 'a group of Qipchaqs known as Cumans.'
I used a number of historian Peter Golden's works (all listed in the description) for this video, who from what I've from other specialists is that he is well regarded on the topic. He is generally of the impression that they were originally two 100% distinct groups, but became so closely related over time that they were difficult to distinguish. I found his evidence and analysis very convincing especially in comparison to some other authors I read.
With all that being said, I will fully admit that this particular area is not my specialty. I've listed the works I used for this video all in the description, and I tried to read from a variety of authors and viewpoints to get a broad view of the historiography on the topic. But, some of the main ones I used here (especially Peter Golden's articles) are maybe 20 or more years old here, and the arguments may have changed since then with new evidence and analysis. So if you would still like to suggest the historical books discussing this to me, I will try to find a chance to read them and if I find their arguments and evidence convincing over what I read before, then I will happily put up a new video addressing them.
In regards to Hungary, that was an oversight on my part, and the specifics on the Mamluks will be addressed in greater detail in their own videos (the Circassians are more important later in the Mamluk Sultanate's history, but it appears there were some among them from early, though a minority to be sure). A 10-15 minute video (which is only a 5-7 page script) just doesn't cover all the things I want to in enough detail, so things end up being left out or simplified. If I could, I would happily make all these 40 minutes long with as much detail as possible, but those would simply take too long to make and are difficult to people to watch and follow.
Search ed-devletüt-Turkiyye for memluks. Kumans-kipchaks, turks, kazakhs, turkmens, osbeks, tatars all Turkic also bulgars founder and hungarys founder turkic. This is history not hollywood
I’m not sure exactly what I am but I believe it’s this!
:D
Who else knows this guys from kingdome come deliverance?
Если ты кипчак, то поставь лайк и напиши под этим комментом откуда ты, посмотрим сколько нас
If you are a Kipchak, then like and write where you are from under this comment, let's see how many of us
I'm an Ahiska Turk from northeastern Turkey (Black Sea coast). My ancestors were Kipchaks. My grandparents used many weird words durign my childhood. Later on, when I grew up and read books on Turkish dialects and the etymology of modern Turkish words, I realized that those "weird words" are actually of Kipchak origin.
Kazakhstan
so what about turkic people of caucas? like kumuk, karachai and balkars
And where cumans came from?
I'm kipchak->kara-kipchak->uzun, from Kazakhstan
I'm Hungarian Cuman :)
Ah, yes! The Cumans. This video has proven quite useful actually. In my upcoming novel series, the Cumans play a vital role as antagonists, as their role in founding the Second Bulgarian Empire leads to them clashing with a revitalised Eastern Roman Empire multiple times, and their conflicts with the Romans is actually what leads to an alliance between the Mongols and the Romans, as they both see the Cumans as a mutual common enemy.
If you are into describing Cumans, just so y'know they are these Eurasian looking people with distinct blonde hair and blue eyes and pale skins. They are like tall white people with pale skins but their eyes are shaped like asians, y'know slanted. And they are always described to be beautiful.
For Skalitz!