ARBs: -sartan Mnemonic for USMLE
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- čas přidán 5. 07. 2024
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Angiotensin receptor blockers, or ARBs for short, are a class of drugs that have a common “-sartan” ending. These drug names include losartan, candesartan, and valsartan. As their name suggests, these drugs work by blocking angiotensin II receptors. This reduces angiotensin-mediated vasoconstriction and suppresses aldosterone release - both factors that contribute to lowering of blood pressure.
ARBs have very similar clinical uses to ACE inhibitors. Clinically, ARBs are used in the treatment of high blood pressure, although they are a second-choice drug, used in patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors. By reducing blood pressure and afterload, ARBs are also helpful in the treatment of heart failure. Finally, ARBs can help protect the kidneys from damage in patients with diabetes or hypertension. In general, ARBs are prescribed to patients who are intolerant to ACE inhibitors, providing similar vascular benefits without the same side effect profile.
However, ARBs do have some of their own side effects. For example, high doses of these drugs can lead to hypotension. They can also induce hyperkalemia by decreasing aldosterone release. ARBs are also teratogenic and should be avoided in pregnant women. Lastly, ARBs are contraindicated in people with bilateral renal artery stenosis, as their use can lead to rapid kidney failure.
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Can ace treats diabetic nephropathy?
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