Congestive Heart Failure by Dr.Shikha Parmar

Heart failure, sometimes known as congestive heart failure, occurs when your heart muscle doesn't pump blood as well as it should. Certain conditions, such as narrowed arteries in your heart (coronary artery disease) or high blood pressure, gradually leave your heart too weak or stiff to fill and pump efficiently.
Not all conditions that lead to heart failure can be reversed, but treatments can improve the signs and symptoms of heart failure and help you live longer. Lifestyle changes - such as exercising, reducing sodium in your diet, managing stress and losing weight
- can improve your quality of life.
One way to prevent heart failure is to prevent and control conditions that cause heart failure, such as coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, diabetes or obesity.
Symptoms
Heart failure can be ongoing (chronic), or your condition may start suddenly (acute).
Heart failure signs and symptoms may include:
1.Shortness of breath (dyspnea) when you exert yourself or when you lie down
2.Fatigue and weakness
3.Swelling (edema) in your legs, ankles and feet
4.Rapid or irregular heartbeat
5.Reduced ability to exercise
6.Persistent cough or wheezing with white or pink blood-tinged phlegm
7.Increased need to urinate at night
8.Swelling of your abdomen (ascites)
9.Very rapid weight gain from fluid retention
10.Lack of appetite and nausea
11.Difficulty concentrating or decreased alertness
12.Sudden, severe shortness of breath and coughing up pink, foamy mucus
Chest pain if your heart failure is caused by a heart attack
When to see a doctor
See your doctor if you think you might be experiencing signs or symptoms of heart failure. Seek emergency treatment if you experience any of the following:
1.Chest pain
2.Fainting or severe weakness
3.Rapid or irregular heartbeat associated with shortness of breath, chest pain or fainting
4.Sudden, severe shortness of breath and coughing up pink, foamy mucus
Causes
Heart failure often develops after other conditions have damaged or weakened your heart. However, the heart doesn't need to be weakened to cause heart failure. It can also occur if the heart becomes too stiff.
In heart failure, the main pumping chambers of your heart (the ventricles) may become stiff and not fill properly between beats. In some cases of heart failure, your heart muscle may become damaged and weakened, and the ventricles stretch (dilate) to the point that the heart can't pump blood efficiently throughout your body.
Over time, the heart can no longer keep up with the normal demands placed on it to pump blood to the rest of your body.
An ejection fraction is an important measurement of how well your heart is pumping and is used to help classify heart failure and guide treatment. In a healthy heart, the ejection fraction is 50 percent or higher - meaning that more than half of the blood that fills the ventricle is pumped out with each beat.
But heart failure can occur even with a normal ejection fraction. This happens if the heart muscle becomes stiff from conditions such as high blood pressure.
Heart failure can involve the left side (left ventricle), right side (right ventricle) or both sides of your heart. Generally, heart failure begins with the left side, specifically the left ventricle - your heart's main pumping chamber.

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