Iranian martyrs from the war with iraq 1980-1988 "defenders of faith"

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  • čas přidán 19. 01. 2011
  • The Iran--Iraq War, also known as the Imposed War (جنگ تحمیلی, Jang-e-tahmīlī) and Holy Defense (دفاع مقدس, Defā'-e-moqqaddas) in Iran, Saddām's Qādisiyyah (قادسيّة صدّام, Qādisiyyat Ṣaddām) in Iraq, and the (First) Persian Gulf War, was between the armed forces of Iraq and Iran lasting from September 1980 to August 1988, making it the longest conventional war of the twentieth century. It was initially referred to in the western world as the "Persian Gulf War" prior to the "Gulf War" of 1990 with the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq.
    The war began when Iraq invaded Iran, launching a simultaneous invasion by air and land into Iranian territory on 22 September 1980 following a long history of border disputes, and fears of Shia insurgency among Iraq's long-suppressed Shia majority influenced by the Iranian Revolution. Iraq was also aiming to replace Iran as the dominant Persian Gulf state. Although Iraq hoped to take advantage of revolutionary chaos in Iran and attacked without formal warning, they made only limited progress into Iran and within several months were repelled by the Iranians who regained virtually all lost territory by June, 1982. For the next six years, Iran was on the offensive.[18] Despite calls for a ceasefire by the United Nations Security Council, hostilities continued until 20 August 1988. The war finally ended with a United Nations brokered ceasefire in the form of United Nations Security Council Resolution 598, which was accepted by both sides. It took several weeks for the Iranian armed forces to evacuate Iraqi territory to honor pre-war international borders between the two nations. The last prisoners of war were exchanged in 2003.[18][19]
    The war came at a great cost in lives and economic damage-half a million Iraqi and Iranian soldiers as well as civilians are believed to have died in the war with many more injured-but it brought neither reparations nor change in borders. The conflict is often compared to World War I, in that the tactics used closely mirrored those of that conflict, including large scale trench warfare, manned machine-gun posts, bayonet charges, use of barbed wire across trenches, human wave attacks across no-man's land, and extensive use of chemical weapons such as mustard gas against Iranian troops and civilians as well as Iraqi Kurds. At the time, the UN Security Council issued statements that "chemical weapons had been used in the war." However, in these UN statements Iraq was not mentioned by name, so it has been said that "the international community remained silent as Iraq used weapons of mass destruction against Iranian as well as Iraqi Kurds" and it is believed that "United States prevented the UN from condemning Iraq.
    Behesht-e Zahra (Persian: بهشت زهرا,The Paradise of Zahara), is the largest cemetery in Iran. Located in the southern part of metropolitan Tehran, it is connected to the city by a metro line. Many of the deceased soldiers of the Iran--Iraq War are buried there. A number of Iranian officials, including Ayatollah Khomeini (previous Supreme leader of Iran), Mohammad-Ali Rajai (second Iranian president), Mohammad Javad Bahonar (Prime Minister), are also buried there.
    به یاد شهیدانی که از ایران ما دفاع کردند روحشان شاد و ما هیچ وقت شما را از یاد نمیبریم

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