Digestive system
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- čas přidán 27. 08. 2024
- The digestive system is a complex network of organs that work together to break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste. Here's a brief overview of its main components and functions:
1. **Mouth**: Digestion begins in the mouth, where food is chewed and mixed with saliva. Saliva contains enzymes that start breaking down carbohydrates.
2. **Esophagus**: The chewed food, now called a bolus, is swallowed and travels down the esophagus. Peristalsis, a series of muscle contractions, moves the bolus to the stomach.
3. **Stomach**: The stomach further breaks down food using stomach acid and enzymes. The food is turned into a semi-liquid substance called chyme.
4. **Small Intestine**: Chyme enters the small intestine, where most digestion and nutrient absorption occur. The small intestine has three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver aid in digestion.
5. **Pancreas**: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate, which neutralize stomach acid in the small intestine.
6. **Liver**: The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine to help digest fats.
7. **Gallbladder**: The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile, releasing it into the small intestine when needed.
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