How to Insulate a Basement | This Old House

This Old House general contractor Tom Silva shows how to warm up a chilly concrete wall. (See below for a shopping list and tools.)
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Tom helped a homeowner prepare the bare concrete walls in his basement for wallboard. The homeowner wanted to convert his unfinished basement into living space. The first step was to plug the holes in the concrete walls that might let water seep in from outside. To do this, Tom mixed up some hydraulic cement and forced it into the holes. Hydraulic cement expands as it cures, forming a watertight seal. Next, Tom used 2-inch thick foam insulating board to insulate the basement. He applied it to the concrete walls using a special foamboard adhesive. With the foam insulation installed, Tom fastened a wooden "grid" of 1x3 spruce boards over the insulation using masonry "spring spikes." This grid allows wallboard to be fastened with regular drywall screws, and gives an electrician a place to snake wires and install electric boxes for outlets and light switches.
Shopping List for How to Insulate a Basement:
- plant mister [amzn.to/2JwKR7N], used to spray water onto the tie-rod [amzn.to/2PZnS6z] holes
- hydraulic cement [amzn.to/2JxCpW2], for plugging tie-rod holes in concrete wall
- 2-inch-thick rigid polystyrene [amzn.to/2H830pu], used to insulate wall
- foam board adhesive [amzn.to/2JwH8an], for adhering foam board to concrete wall
- 1x3 spruce [amzn.to/2JCmvK1], used to secure foam board and create nailing surfaces for drywall
- 4-inch-long spring spike [amzn.to/2VeU9HN], secures wood boards to insulated wall
- 1 5/8-inch drywall screws [amzn.to/2Ykn9ji], used to fasten vertical 1x3s
Tools for How to Insulate a Basement:
- masonry hammer [amzn.to/2WArsqf] and center punch [amzn.to/2PY3YIU], used to drive tie rods [amzn.to/2PZnS6z] into concrete wall
- margin trowel [amzn.to/2J6KCAU], for applying hydraulic cement [amzn.to/2JxCpW2]
- caulking gun [amzn.to/2Wxkna1], used to apply foam board adhesive [amzn.to/2JwH8an]
- chalk reel [amzn.to/2WzXyT5], used to snap horizontal lines
- hammer drill [amzn.to/30bKaXc] and 3/16-inch masonry bit [amzn.to/2JeeZ8H], used to drill holes in concrete walls
- drill/driver [amzn.to/302tbH0], for fastening vertical 1x3s to horizontal 1x3s [amzn.to/2JCmvK1]
Tom used Quikrete [www.quikrete.com/] hydraulic cement to plug the holes in the concrete foundation
Tom used two-inch thick rigid foam insulation on the walls manufactured by Owens Corning Insulation [www.owenscorning.com/en-us]
Tom used masonry "spring spikes" to attach the 1x3 lumber to the concrete wall manufactured by DeWalt [anchors.dewalt.com/anchors/].
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How to Insulate a Basement | This Old House
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