ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network

Today my topic is ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network. ISDN is a digital version of traditional analog PSTN. Why do we need digital? What is the typical interface at home as well as in office?
There are two versions of ISDN? What are their differences in setup and transmission rate?
It becomes a legacy technology, still, ISDN has its place, as backup to dedicated lines, and in locations where broadband service is not yet available.
Keywords: ISDN, PRI, BRI, primary rate Interface, basic rate interface, analog, digital, PSTN.
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Today my topic is ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network
Not long time ago, the PSTN was all analog, from customer premises to central office (CO) - local loop - and from central office to the backbone of the network. PSTN was simply designed for analog telephone calls.
With the advent of personal computers, digital data transmission was needed. For voice calls, everything remained the same. For computers, modems were developed to allow digital exchanges over existing analog PSTN network. Digital signals are modulated to analog signals and transmitted over the PSTN network. Only at the receiving end, analog signals are demodulated back to original digital signals.
But analog signals have many disadvantages compared with digital signals. 1) over the long-distance, analog signals cannot maintain high quality; 2) analog signals carry less information per second than digital signals; 3) analog signals are not so flexible as digital signals in terms of data rate services and support. For these reasons, ISDN came to the rescue.
ISDN is a set of international communication standards designed in the 1980s and improved in the 1990s. It is a digital network to transmit voice, image, video, and text over the existing circuit-switched PSTN telephone network.
ISDN provides a single interface for hooking up your telephone, fax machine, and computers.
Here is a simplified version of the ISDN set up at a small office/home office (SOHO). Different types of devices, such as an analog phone, a fax machine, or a computer, are connected to an ISDN terminal adapter, or TA, which converts different types of data into ISDN format so that they can share the same digital PSTN network.
There are two ISDN options: Basic Rate Interface (BRI), and Primary Rate Interface (PRI).
BRI (Basic Rate Interface)
BRI uses two bearer channels and one 16 Kbps data channel, represented by the notation 2B+D. Bearer channel, by its name, bears traffic from point to point. It uses a circuit-switching method to carry data. Each bearer channel can carry data at the rate of 64 Kbps.
Data channel might be confusing because the data channel does not carry the real data, instead, it carries information about data and signaling information. Take a phone call as an example, data channel may carry information like session initiation and termination signals, caller ID, and etc.
BRI is a common option for home users.
This is an example of BRI set up at a small office/home office. Three different types of data are converted to ISDN formats and then connected to ISDN through Network Termination 1 (NT1).
NT1 controls electrical and physical termination of ISDN at the user’s premise. Terminal adapter and NT1 are not necessarily two separate devices. They can be in one single box.
PRI (Primary Rate Interface)
PRI is commonly used by businesses and organizations. This type of ISDN uses 23 bearer channels and one 64-Kbps Data channel, represented by the notation 23B+D.
In a typical PRI setting, there is an extra device: Network Termination 2, or NT2, which is a multiplexer of different data. NT1 is then connected to the ISDN network.
In the last 10 years, ISDN has been replaced by broadband internet access connections like DSL, Cable Modems, wireless, and other less expensive but faster technologies. Still, ISDN has its place, as backup to dedicated lines, and in locations where broadband service is not yet available.

[@peterdau6838]

I watched 5 different videos trying to understand these concepts but yours was the first to make everything click. Thank you!

[@albertobonaventura5615]

Thank you very much professor. I could have not found a more simple and clearer explanation.

[@GeneralMerc]

Thanks professor. I have had proboems understanding what ISDN is, my proffesor at my university doesn't like to explain it well

[@nsight16]

You are amazing. Very clear, easy to understand. Helps me to connect ideas I could not previously understand. Thank you.

[@Homeymoto]

wow, this is great. i was specifically looking for BRI vs PRI. awesome!

[@thebabylionsimba40]

Sunny Classroom is one of the best video presentations online and is full of crucial and candid information in an understandable format. Thank you!!!😁

[@sunnyclassroom24]

My pleasure!

[@satyendrapratapsingh8084]

Thanks a lot Sir, Sharing a such great informative video.

[@mohaabdo4588]

Best regards from Cairo.
Ur Videos are great.

[@fibonatschi97]

I´m from Germany and I´m not very good in understanding the Englisch Language But this video helped me more than my teacher´s Explanation.

[@sunnyclassroom24]

Thank you for your encouragements! I appreciate it.

[@sulekhamullick9772]

Dove soap ?

[@Psyche0h]

Thank you for the video! I was studying for the Network+ and the videos I watched did not cover the topic with as much depth. Makes much more sense with the details actually explained.

[@sunnyclassroom24]

You are welcome and good luck with your Network+.

[@Psyche0h]

Sunny Classroom I passed my exam yesterday night! The good luck (and studying) paid off!! Again, I appreciate the help.

[@sunnyclassroom24]

@@Psyche0h Way to go! Congratulations! You made it! The exam is not easy to pass. Do you plan to take Security +? because you have already walked more than a half way to pass CompTIA security+.

[@Psyche0h]

Sunny Classroom Yes, I will. I’m not sure how soon, maybe six months or so? I’m in between jobs right now. My goal is getting hands on experience in conjunction with self study. I’ll get there soon with some hard work and perseverance! 😁

[@sunnyclassroom24]

@@Psyche0h Great! with these two certification tests, you would be hired everywhere as an IT professional.

[@PhysicsPortal-SHUVO]

thank you, sir. it was helpful.

[@AlfredBrock_The_Wayne_Focus]

Very helpful. Thank you

[@sheetaljain3569]

Really a good and best explanation

[@xristoforivanov2452]

That was helpful! thanks!

[@jdnfirst240]

Yep. It was very helpful

[@victorgomez335]

Thanks great video!

[@menushatechshow4343]

Thank you!

[@collinsboakye7149]

Finally I can understand
Grt video
Thank you

[@sunnyclassroom24]

Glad it helped

[@susanasher6939]

Thank you. Would you please do something on SIP and SIP trunks?

[@xanderross366]

what are you classifying as an analogue signal?

[@irushishalina3852]

Thank you so much!!!

[@DanielDa2]

Very useful!

[@donnypodcast]

Your videos are very helpful. I've been studying for my Network+ for months, now. As I take practice tests, I run into concepts that I didn't get much detail about in the Udemy course that I'm taking. You really help to educate me on the details that I have been missing. Thanks for doing your tech youtube channel.

[@Sincay18]

I am in the EXACT same situation now.

[@anishavarghese1122]

So the backbone network for PSTN (analog signals) and ISDN (digital signals) are completely different?

[@sobianoman841]

Thx for sharing

[@sunnyclassroom24]

My pleasure

[@techrabin9166]

Nice video among all in youtube..Thanks alo sir

[@sunnyclassroom24]

So nice of you.

[@milhenachar3014]

So interesting

[@maryalexisdacillo7802]

Thank you so much

[@paflonestudy4008]

Thank you Sir, that really helped me

[@sunnyclassroom24]

You are welcome!

[@music_of_spirit]

Thanks a lot !!

[@sunnyclassroom24]

You are welcome!

[@IbrahimMohammad2023]

Thank u very much

[@saptarshiboral576]

Thanks a lot

[@raghavsharma3154]

Thank you sir for this video.
Sir, my question is- Does ISDN network requires Modem ?
Since, no Analog signals are being used, so it seems no requirement of Modem. ?
Sir plz reply.

[@mentesanotleamelak3224]

Thank u sir 🙏

[@bhavya2301]

You Are The Best.

[@sunnyclassroom24]

Thank you!

[@AitHajar_00]

Thank u so much ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤ that was helpfullllllll♡♡♡

[@sunnyclassroom24]

You are welcome!

[@marimuth431]

gfdr

[@codepluscode2857]

Thanks

[@mohameddridi8020]

wow cool

[@sunnyclassroom24]

thanks.

[@keridikajaib1]

thanks

[@tasnimsarker4653]

Thank you,well explanation.

[@sunnyclassroom24]

Glad it was helpful!

[@OmegaWolf747]

Was ISDN any faster than dialup?

[@Martin-ly1xl]

Thanks :-)

[@sunnyclassroom24]

You are welcome!

[@mahendarb8350]

Tq

[@laracroft7069]

Hello. Anyone know what is Pilot Number? Is it like something main phone contact number of the company?

[@robgubbei362]

Most of you are too young to remember isdn lines but I had an isdn line in my house back in the 90s lol

[@toddstewart9070]

we did too, 128kb line. much better than analog 56k. Got rid of it the second cable modem was avail here, around 1999. The ISDN line was very reliable, and 128kb at that time wasn't bad, but 1mbit was much better lol

[@mohsinmaqbool182]

Describe the type of service provided by isdn

[@scaprod558]

Yeah, but how do you connect it?

[@sunnyclassroom24]

with a modem. It is a legacy technology.

[@scaprod558]

@@sunnyclassroom24like what does the U interface port go into? What is an example of a full ISDN modem setup?

[@sunnyclassroom24]

@@scaprod558 at home it was much like DSL or dial-up (both are old technologies): the modem or ISDN router has RJ-45 port to the computer and RJ-11 to the phone line. It was simply plug-and-play. For enterprise-level setup, I did not have much knowledge.

[@scaprod558]

@@sunnyclassroom24 Ah, I see.

[@AmitKumar-no8nb]

yooo

[@darshan6364]

yoooo

[@user-mm5wg4ii2x]

диз ниче не понял