Hyponatremia: causes, diagnosis and management

Hyponatremia is defined as a serum sodium of less than 135 Meq per litre and occurs in upto 22 % of hospitalised patients. The causes of hyponatremia may be understood based on the pre-existing volume status of the patient which may either be hypovolemic, euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia. This presentation discusses in detail, the causes of these underlying conditions. Also mentioned are the clinical features and management options and therapeutic sodium targets in patients with hyponatremia. Drugs such as demeclocycline and vaptans (Tolvaptan, Conivaptan) are also mentioned as management options which may be used on a case to case basis. Finally, the all important targets of sodium correction over 24 hours are also mentioned, along with a practical formula for calculation of sodium deficit which is explained with an example.
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[@mendingmentality4181]

Very nice! Understanding hyponatremia is so vital! Thank you for sharing!

[@internalmedicine9982]

Thanks !

[@thales5999]

Wonderful lresentation dear.

[@internalmedicine9982]

Thanks !

[@change2135]

Very well explained sir

[@internalmedicine9982]

Thanks a lot !

[@imtheboss1826]

I'm here because I was 121 and want to understand what happened.

[@rajendravishwakarma6280]

Sir, If there is defecit of 40meq then it should be corrected in 24 hrs or in 4 days???

[@joyasengupta1288]

What we should do for increasing my father sodium.though he is High BP and Sugar patient. Now brain stem stroke. Though treatment is going on. Sugar is now 115.BP is 100/6o

[@vrushalimohite8548]

Hello sir, if 5 meq sodium is increased in 1st 24 hours and on next day if it increases by 11 meq and next day by 4 meq, does it cause ODS?

[@internalmedicine9982]

Any increase in sodium level above 8-10 Meq in 24 hours may lead to ODS. Thank you for your comment. Cheers !

[@vrushalimohite8548]

Are the chances of ODS high in such cases.