Thank you ! Thank you ! Thank you ! 5 years of med school and year of USMLE prep could not make me understand this as smoothly as u did. Thank you Dr. Jasmine.
Super helpful due to the fact you're putting everything together; not that split up stuff where you cannot see the whole process not knowing where the single steps lead to. Thanks a lot:)
Thanks for the video Jasmine, it's a huge help. Just curious - you mention that fatty acids can be broken down into glucose. I thought it was the glycerol section of TAGs that can be used for gluconeogenesis and that fatty acids could only be used for energy production?
Thank you very much. Other examples (AA to Krebs) are alanine to pyruvate and aspartate to oxalo acetate. Alfa keto glutarate accepts 2 NH3 groups (into glutamate and glutamine). Glutamate and Glutamine are the NH3 transporters from periphery to liver.
Does protein synthesis occur in the third state, which you left out of your diagram, where you're eating but not eating soluble glucose or fructose so you've fed but are not in the "FED" state?
I want to ask a simple question why name the molecule an amino acid when the amine group accounts for only like 10% of the molecule and the body still tries to get rid of it..why not name it a carboxilyic acid/salt
Why are the carboxylic acids written as functional groups with an oxygen anion in the second part of the video? Is it just because or is there something to it?
At 7:24, aren't fatty acids broken down to Acetyl-CoA to enter the Krebs Cycle? and not for Glucose production via gluconeogenesis? Or are you stating that this process produces ATP to assist in glucose production?
+jayant prasad I agree. glycerol can undergo gluconeogenesis but not fatty acids. i think maybe she was just using TAGs and fatty acids interchangeably (which isn't strictly correct)
hey mam .. plz upload a video with structures of d molecules or chemical or whatever involved in d reaction.. all important characteristics involved with it....all with structures..
shouldn't the amine group at 10:13 be NH3 without a positive charge? Or just NH-. I don't get why that group would be protonized, and if it is, why there is a +.
You have written down that in the liver it is possible to use fatty acids for the synthesis of glucose. But this is not possible right? Glycerol is a substrate for the gluconeogenesis, but fatty acids are not. Or do you mean that they can be used to make ketones and not glucose?
+Simon Simone Yes, both of those are ketogenic, but so are phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, threonine and lysine. What she said in the video as a fun fact is than lysine and leucine are the only two amino acids that are ONLY ketogenic, and not glucogenic as well.
Isn't Glutamine arriving to the liver? I thought Glutamate was first converted in Glutamine then when glutamine arrives to the liver's mitochondria, it becomes back glutamate
I want to see a video that shows how amino acids are synthesized from scratch - i mean super scratch (not just assembled from precursor molecules - don't want to know about derivative but rather how any of the non essential amino acids are made by humans
@@juluatanaya Our bacteria does this, we have learned. As well, we now know that we have bacteria that also "contributes to the pool of essential amino acids...". This would include leucine - the supposed muscle making amino acid. What we knew in the era of Dr Rose - who started the whole essential thing, was not much in that we simply didn't have the tech - and so much was assumption. This stuff is not easy to google so if you need to save time i can link to the science folk who are making these findings. Several separate labs have now realized we can fix nitrogen.
@@juluatanaya And if you think about it Juliette, when we speak to needing dietary, exogenous, nitrogen, we might as well say all amino acids are essential - since all amino acids, the non essentials included have nitrogen.
@@juluatanaya but we are able to synthesize the essential amino acids. This is what I'm trying to tell you, this is the new science findings of this century this decade.
If Amino acids are ingested from a dietary source during the fasted state will the body still take amino acids from the muscles? Because most amino acids are non-caloric so it won't cause an increase in insulin thus keeping the fasted state.
for an effects of diet on metabolism report i wrote, we saw a slight increase for glycogen content in the muscles and liver as well as a statistically significant increase in glucose-6-phosphatase activity from a high protein diet vs a control diet; from this information, i'd suggest that no, the body will not continue to take amino acids from the muscle as long as there is adequate energy provided from the dietary protein.
it would probably happen in the case that you have excess amino acid levels from either dietary or usual protein synthesis pathways and don't need immediate energy, so the carbon skeleton from the degradation of the amino acids would enter the citric acid cycle and react with oxaloacetic acid to form citrate where it is then transported across the inner and outer membranes rather than fully oxidising and entering the electron transport chain. then it is degraded to oxaloacetate and acetyl-coa so it can be synthesised into fatty acids and then stored as a triacylglycerol. this is my speculation though.
But she's referring to anabolic and catabolic processes of Amino Acids, not the digestion of proteins...and the former occurs throughout the cells of your body. For example, in a fasted or starved state the body will catabolize muscle tissues in an effort to increase glucogenic or ketogenic processes.
Exactly. That's why it explains we have so much obesity problems when we develop insulin resistance and fatty liver. They're basically the same thing. If the liver malfunctions, so does your metabolism.
Clearly, your presentation was not intended for the lay person. Oh well, guess these people need to acquire a degree in biology, biochemistry, pre-med, or the like. Many one else, looking for basic knowledge and understanding, on this channel, has come to the wrong place.
Thanks I passed my quiz without reading a chapter from Campbell
Your explanations are incredibly clear, thank you! Your biochemistry videos are some of the best on the internet
Thank you ! Thank you ! Thank you !
5 years of med school and year of USMLE prep could not make me understand this as smoothly as u did.
Thank you Dr. Jasmine.
wow..her knowledge and teaching acumen (along with that voice) far exceeds that of any prof at my medical school.
with great power comes great responsibility - uncle ben park
loooool this made me laugh hard
Super helpful due to the fact you're putting everything together; not that split up stuff where you cannot see the whole process not knowing where the single steps lead to. Thanks a lot:)
I'm having trouble concentrating on chemistry over your adorable voice. Thank you for education.
Creepy
What a sweet , clear and understandable voice. Understood everything. Thank you. Keed the excellent work!
Truly an excellent presentation of a very difficult concept. Just the right pace, and very clear voice. Thank you.
Great detail and good walkthrough of amino acid metabolism. Thank you for this Jasmine
Your voice is so fitting for this. thanks
Excellent work! This is a very concise version of a seemingly complicated process.
Perfect overview! THANK YOU very much for making this video.
3 hours before my quiz, so confident to pass it after that video 💪🏻
her voice hlep me to understand everything 😍
this is amazing 😍
Thank you so much. I have a biochem exam tomorrow and this video helped tremendously.
Thanks for the video Jasmine, it's a huge help. Just curious - you mention that fatty acids can be broken down into glucose. I thought it was the glycerol section of TAGs that can be used for gluconeogenesis and that fatty acids could only be used for energy production?
Thank you for the ketogenic only amino acids you saved me a lot of time
Thank you very much. Other examples (AA to Krebs) are alanine to pyruvate and aspartate to oxalo acetate. Alfa keto glutarate accepts 2 NH3 groups (into glutamate and glutamine). Glutamate and Glutamine are the NH3 transporters from periphery to liver.
What an amazing explanation!!! Thank you so much ma'am.
You killed it! Thank you so much!!!
Lol the amino acids being ketogenic or glucogenic or both isn't a fun fact, It's a non-fun usmle fact that can get tested on. :P
I'd call it an interesting fact at least. I think the word fun is grossly overused these days (like nice).
nice comment!!
Sheena true😂😂😂
I still need to study more details but at least this video help me get the big picture clearly, thank you!
Excellent explanation and very clear voice;thx a lot !
Does protein synthesis occur in the third state, which you left out of your diagram, where you're eating but not eating soluble glucose or fructose so you've fed but are not in the "FED" state?
Thank you so much for these videos! I might actually pass biochem haha
Excellent video - FFW to 10 min if you just need Transamination explanation
yh g
thats what i did fam
Thank you!!
Thanks for that
you are the best teacher ever!
Thank you thank you thank you! /one who has a big test tomorrow...
Love this channel keep up the good work
I want to ask a simple question why name the molecule an amino acid when the amine group accounts for only like 10% of the molecule and the body still tries to get rid of it..why not name it a carboxilyic acid/salt
beautiful.. much appreciated.
Does amino acid metabolism always have to go through gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis?
Why are the carboxylic acids written as functional groups with an oxygen anion in the second part of the video? Is it just because or is there something to it?
At 7:24, aren't fatty acids broken down to Acetyl-CoA to enter the Krebs Cycle? and not for Glucose production via gluconeogenesis? Or are you stating that this process produces ATP to assist in glucose production?
+jayant prasad I agree. glycerol can undergo gluconeogenesis but not fatty acids. i think maybe she was just using TAGs and fatty acids interchangeably (which isn't strictly correct)
Claire Baxter
glycerol will transfer into dihydroxyaceton, and can goes in TCA Cycle and also can be used to form a glucose or even fatty acids
isnt puruvate turned into Acetyl coa
Thank you for making everything clear 💙
Hey, I still have some doubts if you could help me out
anyone plzz tell me where can i get information regarding transport of amino acids i.e. active passive and glutathione transport system
wonderful, thanks!!!
👏👏👏👏 Out of this world 🌍! Super
I love how the subtitles replace 'our cells' with 'ourselves' hahaa. Fab video.
hey mam .. plz upload a video with structures of d molecules or chemical or whatever involved in d reaction.. all important characteristics involved with it....all with structures..
shouldn't the amine group at 10:13 be NH3 without a positive charge? Or just NH-. I don't get why that group would be protonized, and if it is, why there is a +.
soooooo very helpful thank you!!!!!
good stuff !!! thank YOU!!!
it amazes me how you can remember the names of all these things,
i can't remember my phone number.
Very helpful lacture!
You have written down that in the liver it is possible to use fatty acids for the synthesis of glucose. But this is not possible right? Glycerol is a substrate for the gluconeogenesis, but fatty acids are not. Or do you mean that they can be used to make ketones and not glucose?
How many atp molecules required to convert one molecule of amino acid to glucose and fatty acid
Thank god for this!
Is the ketogene aminoacids leucine and isoleucine?
+Simon Simone Yes, both of those are ketogenic, but so are phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, threonine and lysine.
What she said in the video as a fun fact is than lysine and leucine are the only two amino acids that are ONLY ketogenic, and not glucogenic as well.
Leucine and lysine only all 18 others glucogenic
what application are you using for this presentation?
Why is Gluconeogenesis occurring in the fed state?
You are my saviour!
Isn't Glutamine arriving to the liver? I thought Glutamate was first converted in Glutamine then when glutamine arrives to the liver's mitochondria, it becomes back glutamate
Amazing!!
Thanks I got it without reading Harper's
I produce key-tones via piano.
what is a carbon backbone?
it is the a level stuff right
This really helps me 😭😭😭😭
where alpha ketoglutarate come from?
Very good, thanks.
Dope presentation!
I want to see a video that shows how amino acids are synthesized from scratch - i mean super scratch (not just assembled from precursor molecules - don't want to know about derivative but rather how any of the non essential amino acids are made by humans
@@juluatanaya But we are past that now (the year 2020). We now know that we can convert atmospheric Nitrogen N2 into the user friendly Nh3.
@@juluatanaya Our bacteria does this, we have learned. As well, we now know that we have bacteria that also "contributes to the pool of essential amino acids...". This would include leucine - the supposed muscle making amino acid. What we knew in the era of Dr Rose - who started the whole essential thing, was not much in that we simply didn't have the tech - and so much was assumption.
This stuff is not easy to google so if you need to save time i can link to the science folk who are making these findings. Several separate labs have now realized we can fix nitrogen.
@@juluatanaya And if you think about it Juliette, when we speak to needing dietary, exogenous, nitrogen, we might as well say all amino acids are essential - since all amino acids, the non essentials included have nitrogen.
@@juluatanaya in Vivo, inside the body, organically, from scratch, just like hair and teeth, a heart and brain, and for woman, a human life.
@@juluatanaya but we are able to synthesize the essential amino acids. This is what I'm trying to tell you, this is the new science findings of this century this decade.
very clear explanation,
If Amino acids are ingested from a dietary source during the fasted state will the body still take amino acids from the muscles? Because most amino acids are non-caloric so it won't cause an increase in insulin thus keeping the fasted state.
for an effects of diet on metabolism report i wrote, we saw a slight increase for glycogen content in the muscles and liver as well as a statistically significant increase in glucose-6-phosphatase activity from a high protein diet vs a control diet; from this information, i'd suggest that no, the body will not continue to take amino acids from the muscle as long as there is adequate energy provided from the dietary protein.
Thank u...👍
Thank you thank you ❤
This is gold
Thanks alotttt!
What is the app use to make those videos?
good question
thanks
What is amino acid🤔
A pretty accent
God Bless u
Conversion of protein to fat doesn't really happen, right? Even though the pathway still exists.
it would probably happen in the case that you have excess amino acid levels from either dietary or usual protein synthesis pathways and don't need immediate energy, so the carbon skeleton from the degradation of the amino acids would enter the citric acid cycle and react with oxaloacetic acid to form citrate where it is then transported across the inner and outer membranes rather than fully oxidising and entering the electron transport chain. then it is degraded to oxaloacetate and acetyl-coa so it can be synthesised into fatty acids and then stored as a triacylglycerol. this is my speculation though.
perfect !
Mmm, So much glottal fry~ delish
aren't proteins broken down in the stomach? she said small intestines
CHAINSONG protein catabolism begins in the stomach but continues into the S.I.
ok, that's what i thought---begins and is mostly completed in stomach by pepsin enzyme...maybe her statement is inaccurate..all good-thanks!
But she's referring to anabolic and catabolic processes of Amino Acids, not the digestion of proteins...and the former occurs throughout the cells of your body. For example, in a fasted or starved state the body will catabolize muscle tissues in an effort to increase glucogenic or ketogenic processes.
It begins in the mouth - all digestive processes start with chewing
Thank you
Great video
Basically the keto diet?
EXCELLENT
What category does this video belong to on Khan Academy?
Good vocal..
love the voice
I’m 14 and I want to find the secret to getting taller if you have any tips or suggestions please send them.
Tomorrow my quiz. Then I text how was my quiz 😂
Oh my god... The liver is where it's at!
Exactly. That's why it explains we have so much obesity problems when we develop insulin resistance and fatty liver. They're basically the same thing. If the liver malfunctions, so does your metabolism.
Nice
❤
That voice....!!!!!!!
Good
see you in the past tense
Catabolism starts at 9:18
She sounds like Howard Wolowitz’s girlfriend in bigbang theory series
Anyone learning this to further understand fasting and body fat setpoint and all that jazz?
Take digestive enzymes
this falls far short of the normal Khan videos.. better to throw the big words out there but when linking them together keep things simple
That voice 😄
Clearly, your presentation was not intended for the lay person. Oh well, guess these people need to acquire a degree in biology, biochemistry, pre-med, or the like. Many one else, looking for basic knowledge and understanding, on this channel, has come to the wrong place.
her voice tho