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Inside a Quantum Computer! with Andrea Morello (Part 1 of 2)
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- čas přidán 12. 08. 2024
- An in-depth look at the engineering inside a quantum computer, and also demonstrating the operational results live and how they are measured.
With Professor Andrea Morello who is the Scientia Professor of quantum engineering in the School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications at the University of New South Wales, and a Program Manager at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology.
Part 1 of 2
Previous in-depth discussion on how quantum computers work: • Quantum Computing with...
00:00 - 🔬 Discussing job opportunities and showcases a quantum computer experiment at the Fundamental Quantum Technologies Laboratory in Australia.
7:14 - ❄️ A refrigerator that can cool down to 4° Kelvin using helium gas.
13:23 - 🔬 The design and purpose of a filter box used in low temperature experiments to filter out high frequency signals.
20:11 - 🔬 Research and new science are being done with prototype chips that can stay in a fridge for up to four years.
27:14 - 💡 The video explains how a transistor works and how the movement of electrons can cause a shift in the pattern.
33:36 - Silicon is a practical choice for quantum computing due to its semiconductor properties and isotopic purity.
40:39 - 💡 Magnet quench is when a superconducting wire goes from being a superconductor to a normal resistor, causing a significant amount of power dissipation.
47:41 - 🔬 How a refrigerator is used to cool down the electron electrochemical potential in order to populate the spin down level for magnetic resonance.
54:30 - 🧪 Designing a cancer cure on a classical computer is computationally complex due to the quantum nature of the problem.
1:01:14 - 🔬 A startup has developed a commercial machine for Quantum control that allows users to manipulate and operate a large multi-dimensional Quantum system.
1:07:29 - 🔬 Advantages of using silicon MOSFET over other materials for spin-based operations.
1:14:09 - 🧲 The magnetic field created by the solenoid is more stable than the magnetic field of the superconducting magnet, with a very slow decay rate.
1:20:40 - 🔬 Improvements in coherence time and scalability of superconducting qubits in quantum computers.
Recap by Tammy AI
#quantumcomputers #quantumphysics #computers
This is one of the absolute best videos on quantum tech that I have ever seen. Morello explains it so thoroughly and comprehensibly that it is a pure pleasure to listen to, and Dave supplements with really good questions that tie it all together. I'm just a "simple" electronics engineer, with an MsC from a long time ago. Today I work with system architecture in cellular radio systems... but, before I started my engineering career, I was admitted to the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen. Although I chose to jump from Niels Bohr to become an engineer, I have maintained an interest in quantum mechanics, and this video has really boosted my positive spin in that direction.
Brilliant video - Thnak's to Andrea and David.
Young children who on a warm day get an ice-cream from their mother say the same things like you. Their mother is the sweetest of them all, haha. Do you want another ice-cream, Torben?
Well said. It is also nice to see the actual hardware/parts that comprise a quantum computer.
It's absolutely a joy to listen to Prof. Morello explain how things work. The education system needs more like him!
This is top notch content, I would love to see lectures from professor Morello, what an amazing work.
He has a few on YT on UNSW's channel, just FYI....currently in my saved list.
I can't believe how lucky we are to have access to such knowledge so fluidly. Thank you so much.
Andrea is so good at explaining things and keeping it soo interesting. Can't wait for part two.
Wow never expected to have even a small amount of understanding of quantum computing but Prof Morello explains thing so well i actually feel like i understand, wish i had a teacher like him id have lived at school.
Finally a video that describes actually how it is interfaced and interacted with in a understandable way :) I have to agree, Professor Morello is a joy to listen to.
Great vid. Prof Morello knows his stuff, I've seen him in a few vids over the years and he is great
I remember watching a video of his almost a decade ago with veritassium talking about computers. It's great seeing this video recomended to me and that this guy is still rocking
Awesome, thanks Dave! Can we see a part (maybe in future?) where all cryogenic parts are discussed. Like thermal filters to reduce temperature oscillation from pulse tube, how they handle helium-3 recovery/cycling and thermal switches operation? Maybe some cryogenic thermometers calibration charts/data demo? I have very similar Lakeshore 370 and plan to run own 4K head next year, so it would be very educational to see how real experts handle and build cold systems :) Also side question, do they have JVS? :)
Great video! I'm / was also a cryogenic physicist, @ < 4.2K level. Thermometry at those temperatures is also my specialist area.
Really beautiful cryostat and experimental setup (Cu and Au). Once, I created superfluid He(4) by pumping it down to ~1.4K, if I remember correctly... inside a double glass dewar with window slits..so I could see the vanishing of any boiling bubbles. It was used to check the calibration of a Si diode thermometer.
You got any links to good papers to read on cryogenic diode sensors calibration? I got some legit diodes from Scientific Instruments but don't have any calibration data on them. Plan to use them for 4K cryocooler based cryostat. Don't need crazy accuracy, just something within +/-0.2K would be good enough. So far my best idea is to actually buy calibrated sensor from Lakeshore and use it as "reference" to determine V/T curve of other diodes..
Love it. The professor explain very nice, easy to follow, but still a load of info there.
NOTE: Just lame AI generated timestamps at present. I need time to go through and do them manually, there is just so much in this video!
Outstanding Dave, thank you for sharing this. I always enjoy listening to Andrea
hell yeah!!! finally a follow up to the interview!!!!! Can't be more happy!
Took a while!
i dont even know what a picowatt is, but this is so interesting and i can actually understand a bit in general because of such a good explanation, thanks for this and hope u guys keep uploading and discovering new quantum stuff
Thank you for this and the other great videos! They are very concise and explained in ways where one such as I can understand. Making this information accessible and understandable to the young masses is doing the world a favor.
It’s brilliant how good this guy is at explaining the basics of what’s going on and how much fundamental ee factors into it.
Every minute of and off-the-cuff question blows my mind on multiple levels. I wish I had seen this 20 years ago.
Fascinating from start to finish, this was amazing. Looking forward to the next part.
Great interview. Should definitely get more likes and comments, thou. Professor Morello has a great gift explaining complicated phenomena in approachable and easy to understand way.
Fantastic video. I wanted to write a complimentary, hopefully original comment but with all the very eloquent, overwhelmingly positive comments below, I don't think I could add much. Morello's knowledge is extraordinary. Thank you for this.
This happens whe someone -wants- and likes to teach ! Thank you for such an amazing video !!
Excellent Dave! need more of these!... ...and thanks Andrea for your time and the awesome insight!
...the whiteboard... hmm..looks like encoding traditional bit truth table onto the qbit matrix...using frequencies of the spin to determine the bits...
I’m sorry, I’m 18 minutes in and this is absolutely F**king brilliant!!!!
Your last conversation was golden. This is the same. Thankyou for sharing your time and expertise.
I saw Professor Morello first time in Veritasium a decade or so ago. Glad he's still on it!
You can clearly see the bright in his eyes... Such a great teacher/professional.
Awesome, Professor Morello! You are a G! In a Superposition! You are Blessed by Nature!
I am here to learn how to build a quantum computer in my garage.
Andrea Morello has explained this really well. Thanks!
I learned more about this topic than ever. You guys were giving and asking the proper questions. Well done.
Great, great, great video.
Please more or these!
That was fascinating. I have read some on quantum computing and in a sort of ,kinda - hand wavey got the gist of it. This really answered a bunch of questions for me. The relation to the macro electronics scale that I do grasp give me a much better understanding. It clicked a lot more. The hardware is really interesting and the length they go to avoid or create thermal shorts is impressive. I'd wondered how the "relay" in a superconductor magnet works, now I know. Professor Morello: Thank you! That was a thoroughly enjoyable and educational hour and a half. Thanks for letting Dave come down and poke around that beautiful device!
If you haven't seen the red couch video then I highly recommend it!
@@EEVdiscover Already added it to the list.
This video is about the hardware, but what I think is also very interesting is: how do you program the quantum computer to calculate the result that you want?
It seems that all experimental quantum computers until now are much like analog computers: you have to construct the computer to make the calculation you want to do.
The "stored program digital computer" achieves most of its usefulness from the fact the user can tell it what to do, and shortly thereafter can tell it to do something else.
Will that ever be possible with a quantum computer? Will we have to build a new computer for every problem? Will the quantum computer ever solve a problem we defined beforehand, instead of the problem that is convenient to solve?
This is priceless! Thank you both for doing this.
What a grab! Actually finding someone to thoroughly explain these steampunk-looking guts of quantum computers. Good on ya!
awesome! My team collaborated with Dr. Morello back when I was with the quantum transport group at a national lab in the US a few years back.
Great questions from Dave, and the Prof is so good at explaining!
That whole aluminum frame apparatus reminds me of the painstaking efforts they made to isolate vibrations during the Michelson-Morley experiment
The Quantum Physics used here is called a Meissner London Effect, a way of reaching suspension of magnetic flux and causing superconduction and suspended animation of the Control Unit of the computer, putting the electrons in superposition, where 0=1. They use liquid helium to teach the London penetration depth.
This professor has to simplify things like 100 times so our head does not blow off😀😀😀😂
38:12 thanks for making this clear, I was really confused at first on how this is able to be meassured without collapsing it
Thanks to Dr/Mr Morello trying to explain in plain terms these Freezers computers
I remember watching an interview with Andrea Morello on your channel some years ago.
0:04 Trying to assign binary to a qubit for its given state in a known comparative field, to then equate a voltage to the wave function of the qubit as it flips state and how that state flip would interact with it quantum linked counterpart?? Field theory state flip interaction, S matrix, Feynman propagators all come to mind.
Super cool video, funny, informative and well made as always.
This guy sciences... Amazing!!!
I only understood about half of it but it was thoroughly interesting
44:23 Have you ever experienced intercepting signals to the 40 G micro-waves?
Oh yes, I do daily.
Hes back at what he was born to do best.
This was very interesting to watch. The physical problems you encounter at working on that particle level are mind blowing.
Btw, did your microphone not work?
My mic worked, but it's tricky to edit a multi cam and multi audio solution like this, so sometimes I didn't bother switching to my mic in the edit.
So making the magnetic field in a superconductor means the tech introduces the current which keeps running till magnetic quenching occures. We in the normal world call this the curie temperature of the field before loss. He calls it quenching which is a runnaway process. Like a nuclear reactor going critical. Keeping it critical means runnaway is not going to happen but statistically stable is not a surface component but according to density and reflectivity and nuclear poisoning. Same as temperature poisoning of an mri machine. Dave from eev never ceases to amaze me with having such beautiful children and following Morello in understanding how quantum machines work. Unable to make advances but helping us to understand the intricacies of quantumly approaching how reality itself is lightly organized.
This is brilliant Dave. Nice 1 :)
Using some lattice setup for a quantum entanglement based apparatus to make some computations. Computing probabilities in the lattice, and producing some result. Is it a clock, not sure?
Absolutely fascinating! Great video
If I was at uni in the area, I would definitely attend his lectures.
Where’s part 2!!!!?!??? 😃
The NOT operation is accomplished by providing a selected radio frequency to the electron, so that independently of the spin it will start to rotate at a rate dependent on the wave amplitude, right? Are you researching other type of gates? What about making two qbits interact?
Excellent commentary. Thanks
Stages of learning: RUAC, Rote, understanding, application, correlation. Correlation is if you know the basics of an MRI then you know what he's explaining about...
HOW are the scientists able to isolate and manipulate 1 single atom and it's electron!?!? It *BOGGLES* my mind!!!
1:02:37 but wouldn't that reduce it to a binary system? Let's say the superposition is 31.42%, you would need to measure it very often to narrow down on that number. Also couldn't we just define an array of like 100bits the same as a qbit that has 100^x possible outcomes? Like where is the quantum computer faster? by being able to use different frequencies in parallel? Or can it be entangled with other qbits and only the result has to be measured?
I would like to say thank you for this 🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏
Amazing stuff - on so many levels!
Looks like a way to share a photon between the quantum state and the observer without collapsing the the state.
andrea is the bomb
Prof. Reminds me of Wolfgang wounder if he ever worked or studied with him
Could you attenuate frequency vibration using tension like a guitar string?
Part 2! Part 2! Part 2! 🥲
8:55 So then... in other words: "We bang on things until we think it's 0.01 degrees and verify our measurements against previously banged-on references apparatuses."...
Awesome 💥👏👏
are the new discoveries on attosecond measurement helping to discover new stuff on quantum computer?
Nice point Commander Kean ;)
Dave should visit every major physics labs (like LIGO) and have these true intellectual conversations (rather than usual high level stuff).
Wife and kids...
Love u both!
Im looking to do masters in this domain. Applying for 2024 September courses. Im from VLSI, electronics background
Wish me luck
Nice surprise, in the middle of the night
It's been a while on EEVdiscover!
this is fascinating
Fantastic stuff
Thank you 👍
connect a multiple quantum computer increase the overall qubit count (combine with super computer )use that computational power to create a better chip !
Do virtual particles cause noise in these devices?
When do we get part 2?
Subbed, so good 😊😊😊❤
Bottom left someone was drawing out (didn't actually count), but probably 32 bit binary--should have just typed
Above it is bidirectional cyclic graph
Above it looks like a grads notes on gate set tomography, super operator to shortcut finding probability of a density operator because it's trace preserving and you can
Top right is notes on superconducting qubit
Middle right someone ran a simulation, the theory didn't match their numerical results so back to the drawing board they go
Bottom right someone was thinking about phase and frequency, maybe to entangle qubits? Drew out the bloch sphere and a complex unit circle(so euler's ident. is easily used)
If you combine it all together, you have a fully entangled graph of superconducting qubits that didn't match up algorithmically to theory after the signal was sent over a fiber optic line that had entangled states encoded in frequency, amplitude, and phase. The quantum state tomography may have been in regards to optical microcombs, that's not fully clear but that's what I'd conjecture.
4:50 Cryogenic dental floss!
When the part 2?
I wonder from where one can get all the knowledge needed to buil such a machine.
Wow, 27 Ghz...
That's the coolest shirt I've ever seen!
What a rockstar!
If the classic computer is like a symphony Orchestra, then there's a Quantum Jazz Player doing interpretation on the fly, right in the middle and giving feedback in sync-duration.
Fun learning by doing.
Ie the inside-outside presence of probabilistic relative-timing ratio-rates Perspective Principle Universe makes this strategy of quantization oscillation the equivalent of putting an ultra Computational design inside the pseudo random chaos of Totality. WYSIWYG, you can have your cake and eat it too, that's fundamental elemental e-Pi-i sync-duration connectivity function in pure-math self-defining modulation.., not a pretty picture, unless you are an Astronomical Observer.
If you want to compute a particular fundamental future, design and build it to your best capabilities, otherwise we just Observe and catalogue the results of shaping-shifting.
Wow !
Love the honesty: there is no quantum computer in the world. Yes thanks there are mostly experimental things for specific experimental purposes.
This guy should write the technobabble they use on Star Trek.
But what does it do ?
The freezer is huge!!! if it is part of computer ;))
Quantum scientist by day, death metal musician by night.
I do not understand a thermalizing box made of metal. Would not the thermal just flux through the metal box? Yes the internal high energy flux components would be attenuated by internal filters but would they not just deposit on the metal by the entry and flow through the metal box?
31:37 that's as random as reality can get haha
How the hell does this guy remember all that
I call quantum computer Freezer computer ;))