Sputnik 3 - The First Soviet Satellite That Didn’t Suck
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- čas přidán 10. 09. 2024
- Sputnik 3 is often an afterthought in histories of the space race, but it not only eclipsed the mass of previous satellites, it was the first Soviet science satellite.
I was about 8 years old when Sputnik launched. I was shocked that nothing had been in space before that because of reading and watching sci-fi books (Battle on Mercury) and movies. The next dozen years were exciting not knowing what the "Russians" were going to do next. My older brother thought they would be setting up housekeeping on the moon by the time we got there.
During ww2 on the 20 June 1944. The Germens got a V2 above the Karman line, technically the first nan made object in space.
1:45 My grandfather worked on that micrometeorite impact sensor. It was based on piezoelectricity.
Hey, that's awesome! Did he ever talk about it with a bit more details added?
@@MrSlyFox Sadly I was born a couple months after he passed. I was named after him though.
not actively raining = glorious day in Scotland
That sky doesn't look too good though eh? He must have found just the right moment
Its high Summer he has his thermals on.....typical Scottish weather...lol
I don’t know about glorious. The *passive* rain is in my top 10 reasons for not having visited Scotland yet.
My experience of a day visit to Thurso!
I love rain so much. I wish I could live in Scotland. But as an American, it's basically impossible to move anywhere in Europe.
The Cyrillic alphabet (Russian included) goes like А Б В *Г* Д (A B V *G* D). If there really were no "Object G", I have a very plausible sociolinguistic explanation for that - the letter G is often used as an euphemism for the word "govno", which means "shit" in Russian and other Slavic languages 😎
So the Russians didn't want to put "object shit" in space?
I can understand that.
It's like not having a 13th floor in hotels and such.
This is correct
@@Tjalve70 It was more about avoiding an avalanche of snide jokes than some superstition (not that the Russians aren't superstitious, but still…)
I speak Russian as my mother Language, wanted to say almost same things about that. ))
@@Tjalve70 Or Windows 9
You are a treasure, Mr. Scott Manley. (I attach the Mr. out of respect, not age deference; I'm in my early 70s,)
How in the hell do you carry so much information in your head, databased for quick retrieval, no less, yet still have the processing power to analyze a given excursion, and then clearly and articulately explain what happened? And this isn't even your main gig? Damn, overachievers like you make slackers like me look even worse.
I have been a space geek since the Mercury flights, and most of that time I was starved for information. Now, I'm drinking from a fire hose. You, and a handful others, are providing coherence, solid technical information, and some well-thought analysis; this gives space nerds like me a picture of what is going on, in spite of all the hype and bullshit being spewed by many other sources.
I'm not going to swell your head any further. The reason for this note was not to convince you that you're doing something well. You know that already. My purpose was to let you know how much your abilities and your efforts are appreciated. Thank you. If you are coming to Kansas City some time, get in touch. I'll take you to get BBQ for lunch.
Keep flying safe.
Thanks!
@@scottmanleyseems like you have a friend in kansas city now
Mr Manley probably has the ultimate external hard drive that many of us Ole Timers have, to help him keep is life on track........ "Honey, have you seen my shoes?". Fly safe Mrs Manley.
@@scottmanley>>> I figured your head was able to store all that information by kicking the hair out...😉
I was 13 yo when Sputnik launched and was very curious about anything having to do with airplanes or rockets. I can relate to your being "starved for information" because we didn't get a TV until the following year. Times have certainly changed!
The Soviet space achievement that surprises me that it is not well known is Zond 5; the first live animals sent to the moon and back, through the Van Allen belts, and returned safely to earth. This was 3 months before Apollo 8.
It was a flyby of the moon, and the animals of interest were the tortoises, which was a good thing. Apparently there was a bad ballistic trajectory on reentry, causing really significant g-loads. From NASA:
"On September 21, 1968, the reentry capsule entered the earth’s atmosphere, braked aerodynamically, and deployed parachutes at 7 km. The capsule splashed down in the Indian Ocean and was successfully recovered, but a failure of the reentry guidance system subjected the biological specimens to a ballistic 20G reentry."
But unlike Apollo 8, Zond 5 did not enter lunar orbit.
@@michaeldunne338did not enter the lunar orbit and actually due to some failures kept a much larger distance from the Moon than planned. Also at that point Russians knew they would most likely lose the space race so decided to scare Americans and performed this hoax that it looked as if 3 cosmonauts were aboard the Zond 5 and were communicating with Earth discussing landings plans. It worked, president Johnson was making some frantic calls asking if Russians are about to land on the Moon.😂
@@michaeldunne338 I wonder if a tortoise shell provides significant radiation shielding compared to other animals?
@@simongeard4824 So radioresistence? There seems to be a difference among animals, with smaller ones appearing to hold up better (and non-mammals?). There seems to be a few studies out there on the Internet, some dating from way back (like the mid-1960s?).
@@simongeard4824they probably started being trained by a rat and now combat crime
My dad made parts of the Explorer 1 satellite as an apprentice Tool and Die maker at Ilinois Institute of Technolgy when the Primary focus was Military hardware. He worked on what became the M39 20mm Auto cannon based on damaged captured German cannons found in a burned-out railroad car in Germany. The other project was for a boosted Rocket cannon in 57 mm using a barrel from a US built anti-tank gun. When tested in the Indiana dunes range area it proved too accurate less than 1 mill in full auto mode. Lost out to the Mighty Mouse Folding Fin Aircraft rocket project for the F-89 Scorpion. In training I saw various projectile parts for the boosted rocket project.
That rockey cannon sounds really interesting! Could you explain more about how it worked, or even give some names or links?
@@neohyberboreantechnosteppe3185 Probably the "Gun Boosted Rocket" program. The T231 projectile was part of it, but it was a 70mm round not a 57mm one. Work on an aircraft cannon using such a system continued in to the 70s with alternative proposals for what would arm the A-10; that was the Automatic 38mm Rocket Launcher model T132E2.
it is always interesting to listen to Scott. You get the straight scoop from him unlike the BS, speculation and sensationalism of most of the other space related sites. Thanks Scott !
Yes, Scott always brings us closer to the truth. I really appreciate that.
A nice presentation on the story of the old USSR's first "Science Satellite", Sputnik 3. Well done!
sputnik knew where it was because it knew where it wasnt
I watched Sputnik (one of them) orbit over my home in 1958 as Mom and Dad brought the whole family out to watch the satellite orbit the Earth; I was five then. It was quite the spectacle and many families came out to see this artificial satellite orbit our rural area.
The book that has made me space enthusiast is a sci-fi novel "Alien From earth". It's so awesome. Now your videos are just adding in it.
8:33 it was Sergei Vernov
I think "Vernov Belt" sounds better.
Virnov VanAllen would be a good name for the left handed bassist of a 2010s Crimean death metal band.
I was jealous of Europeans back in the 1960's because they could listen to Soviet satellites as they passed over Europe and transmitted data back to soviet ground stations. All you needed was a short-wave radio receiver, which was very cool for them. They were always silent when they passed over the US. :(
Thanks for that bit of history, Scott. I vaguely remember, as a child, reading a description of Sputnik 3 as the first 'science lab' in orbit.
The Eisenhower Administration noticed! They realized that Sputnik I and II were cute, but militarily insignificant {or at least not that dangerous). They just didn't weigh enough to do much damage. Sputnik 3, however, weighed more than a ton. That meant that the rocket that launched it could also launch a small nuke and drop it pretty much anywhere on Earth. This made Eisenhower very nervous. It's all about "throw-weight"
0:28 I love how you acknowledged that the US blasted a manhole cover into space first
Thank you Scott great info. I live in Canada British Columbia and it was a trailer park so there was about five boys about the same age and we used to sleep out in the summertime on the lawns layout some tarp put other sleeping bags look up into the sky and when it satellite would go by we would call it Sputnik. Not knowing that Sputnik didn't last that long in the exosphere. So I'm guessing we were watching an American satellite go round and round. I didn't know that till now thanks for bringing back some memories from grade four.
Wait.....Scott is Scottish??? WHAT??? I had no idea!!! 😏
He is also very manly.
"Muun"
One of the reason why Soviet Sattelites didnt last long in orbit was the orbit inclination, the US is closer to equator and their sattelites had massive boost and could attain and keep a near circular orbit with less drag. The Soviet Rockets were launched from Baikanour and had an inclination and their orbits werent in the direction of the rotation of earth meaning they had to face much more drag than US sattelites did. You made a video about the Molnaya Sattelites where you mentioned it in detail. Not only that once the Molnaya orbits were discovered, the Soviet Sattelites had to go throught the Van Allen belt multiple times a day which decreased their life.
That could be one factor but generally Russian hardware did not last in space as American hardware, usually their lifespan was much shorter.
The reason was due to launch vehicles. Early soviet sattelites were launched on the r7, which ignited all engines on the ground, which meant going to the higher altitudes lead to more inefficient burns, decreasing payload capacity. American sattelites, such as vanguard (which itself is still in orbit) was launched on a rocket whose first stage sent it up higher rather than farter downrange, where a series of solid motors would then propel it to orbital speed.
Thanks Scott.
I do love hearing about "Exploder One"....
Never Change. :)
Peaceful Skies
As a russian, for once I hope to hear it pronounced with “u” as in “truth” or “crude”
So Spooknic.
A spook in English also means spy.
@@EthelredHardrede-nz8yv Actually "spootnik" is the correct way
Sputnik was a pretty ideal first spacecraft imo
It sucked on purpose - it was minimal to minimize potential losses. Spherical so that it’d experience the same drag regardless of orientation, containing two basic sensors, each having two antennas to transmit their basic data.
With the antennas fixed at the angle of the R7 nose cone so that they could just rest on top of it, with a small aerodynamic cap over the sphere.
Umm... There's no atmosphere in space to create drag.
Aerodynamics only apply on the way to orbit.
@@user-dh6bj2me5p There is no such thing as absolute vacuum. The orbit the Sputnik was on was very low, and atmospheric friction was a real thing.
@@user-dh6bj2me5p there are PLENTY of trace atmosphere, dust, and micrometeorites to contend with in Low Earth Orbit, the most feasible orbit that they could attain at that level of technology
@@user-dh6bj2me5pdude there's trace of our atmosphere even on the moon lol, inside earth soi there's no place without any atmospheric drag at all
That was good. I've certainly never heard of Sputnik 3... Thanks for sharing!
Not only did I hear of it, I even made a paper model of it as a kid and had it hanging from my ceiling for years, but I had no idea about the "almost a discovery" until now!
I think this means that the U.S has had a continuous presence in space for longer than the USSR/Russia. There was around a month between the decay of Sputnik 2 and the launch of (the successful) Sputnik 3. Meanwhile the U.S. had Explorer 1 still in orbit (starting February 1st 1958) and Vanguard 1 also in orbit
Loving all this Scotland originated content. The weather here, just south of Glasgow is rather similar to what you have there. Until now I didn't know much about Sputnik 3.
hehe, Agile Software Development comes to my mind: focusing on short term goals but failing on the long run
It's hard to know if space exploration is more interesting then or now? (I wasn't around then!). Starship is really reigniting space interest.
Thanks for mentioning Vanguard 1. My uncle launched it. Its still the oldest man made satellite, and a family legacy!
One of the biggest problems we have with the world today is that there's so much history that nobody can keep up anymore. Thanks for carrying a bit of the load.
Fact is stranger the fiction. Well said.
For people who want to learn the things in the eddies and cul-de-sacs of history, I recommend TheHistoryGuyChannel
Very interesting ! Tnx.
P.s. I've seen an actual Vostok capsule(chared and all) at an exhibition in Vienna in the 1970's . Just saying😎.
Keep ut the good work , greetings from🇸🇪👋🏻
Was it a Vostok capsule or a Zenith capsule - look up my video on Soviet Space Balls
If you're back in Scotland and in Glasgow at any point, I'd love to buy you a pint big chap. 🍺
I was in high school during that time, and remember that there was a gap in the Soviets launch timing after Sputnik 2. I did not know why until your research explained it here, thanks.
You get rain. We get fire smoke. Happy summer!
Scott, you are more valuable than you realize, thank you for making these videos. What are your thoughts on a space elevator on Mars? With 1/3 gravity?...
Laika wasn’t the first animal in space (fruit flies were in 1946)it was the first in orbit.
I always say, "the third version of anything is the first version that doesn't suck".
Pretty sure I heard Elon say that about Tesla once 😅
Except movie sequels.
As a second child, I resent this.
@@TheeGrumpy Shrek 3 would like a word.
Actually, "D" is the fifth letter in the Cyrillic alphabet...
Ah. Beh. Veh. Geh. Deh. etc.
I need to really get out of Arizona. Thats some lovely greenery.
I'd rather be in Arizona, where one can see thousands of stars. I live on the East Coast. Last night, I could only see 3 stars and 2 planets. Light pollution is so terrible now.
@@scottdorfler2551Plenty of light issues in Phoenix Metro, although you don't have to go too far for a nice night view 😎✌️
Thinking of Billy Connolly's tales of taking the kids back to Scotland and them asking "Daddy? Why is the sky so low?" ;)
I love Scott Manley Keep up your awsome work
4 minutes ago? the skies have created wonder for me
i may have commented this already...but everytime I hear you say exploder (explorer) I think of Internet Exploder...because it just exploded everything in my perspective as an IT technician. That is all. Fly safe, Scott. Love your videos. Esp one of those last ones with the breathtaking shots of the park fire. Nearby to home and my job plays a role addressing CA fires. Never had that perspective, maybe a few mil drones, but the human eye view (on a camera) is different.
Sounds like a 'tortoise and hare' situation to this writer! Thanks from Idaho, Scott! Enjoy your time in Scotland!
Hey Scott, does the fact that you're in Scottland and also have a hoodie saying starbase means that you went to see UK's SaxaVord starbase in Shetland?
I do not know why. But I was expecting Bagpipes to play at the end.
Thanks. Any chance for a video about Peter Theisinger, designer 0:54 of the Mars rovers? 1945-2024
Thanks, Scott! 😊
Stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊
I hope you talk about raptor 3, especially that it is now better than BE-4 in every way which is interesting for various reasons
I'd love to see a video that compares NASA with its Soviet counterpart/s, such as budgets, recruitment, management style, safety regulations, etc. It really does seem like it would be comparing apples to oranges. The United States was able to draw from the technological expertise of a vast private sector along with the military, while the Soviet Union had one player in town: the all-powerful state.
The U.S. went nuts over the Sputnik that just beeped, and never thought about the one that did all sorts of advanced scientific tasks.
Glad you are in the UK!
Thank you for the video.
Greetings from the UK,
Anthony
You missed some major points. Walmart operates normally on a 5% gross margin. ALDI has the highest margin of any German retailer at usually around 1%. Every other chain operates on fractions of a percent. The German market has been one of the most competitive and the German consumers are among the most price sensitive.
Walmart was never able to operate at a margin that the headquarters expected.
Thanks Scott!
Thanks Scott. That was a very interesting story. 🚀
In Scottland, if it is not raining, it is going to rain.
Fascinating.
Scott, thanks for this update o teh world of 1950s Soviet missions and their consequences. You should be sure to listen to "The history of the Space Race " podcast
Perhaps you would make a video about the three different Chinese satellite constellations that are being planned now?
IIRC, Krushev give the task and responsability of the Soviet Space Program to Leonid Brezhnev, who - in his youth - was reknowed for his capability of successfully execute any complex projects...
However, that proved to be fatal to the Soviet manned lunar program, as Brezhnev wasn't very supportive of it unlike Khrushchev, but more interested in space stations in Earth orbit i.e. the Salyuts
@@jmwoods190 Brezhnev was concentrated on achieving nuclear parity with the US, which did occur by mid 1970s. The cost of it was not only cutting down on space exploration, but essentially bankrupting the whole country.
When I first saw the thumbnail of this video, I didn't look to see what channel it was from. My first thought was "wait a minute, what's up with Joerg Sprave? He doesn't look right."
I find it interesting that both the USSR & the US both developed rocket engines that used boranes. What interests me is that they were never a success and left a 'tar' on engine components. But as far as I know, nobody has ever identified what said tar WAS.
I think the engine design with the highest specific impulse was a tripropellant in which the reaction of molten lithium metal & fluorine gas were used to propel hydrogen gas. If memory serves the SI was something like 515 seconds... but molten lithium & fluorine?
I only learnt this recently, Until then I thought chlorine trifluoride & hydrogen provided the highest SIs known but it seems like it take freedom of information requests to discover just what crazy designs the US were considering.
BTW Li was chosen over metals lower down in the period purely based on the energy density. No saying if someone played with a Cesium metal rocket...
It looks like that at least you didn't have to cope with midges, enjoy our beautiful scottish summer.
Scott just imagine if dr. Von Braun and S.Kolorev worked together! By now we would be orbiting our nearest stars and had bases on Mars 😊😊
I doubt they would cooperate successfully, vastly different backgrounds, etc. And too many people are involved in such projects, managers, countless technicians, politicians to approve budgets, theoretical “working together” of these two men would be dwarfed by other factors.
@@olasek7972I can’t remember where I read it (maybe _Red Star in Orbit_ by James Oberg) but the Soviets had tried to capture Von Braun and his team but didn’t realize that they had already fled to US-controlled territory. They did, however, got some scientists and nearly all of the engineers who had worked on the V2. All of them were sent to the Soviet Union to work on their space program. I think they were repatriated in the ‘70s or ‘80s.
He would not work with a nazi slaveowner, out of principle.
@@bbartky they were either captured or they outright volunteered, Soviets got some smaller percentage of the engineering staff
If you are interested, you get 4 volumes of Rockets and People from NASA free of charge. In short, it probably wouldn't have helped that much. In some respects, the Soviet space program was more competitive than the American one, e.g. the different construction bureaus constantly had to compete for allocations of work/material etc. There was no foreign chief of construction in the SU.
I'd also wager, that von Braun's cooperation with Disney important for gathering support for the Moon program was. I don't think he could have done that in the Soviet Union.
Did it have solar panels?
😎Very cool Scott nice flash back. I think we'd like more space history please>😎
Very interesting Scott, thank you!
Love your work. I've been edumacated.
Nice to see you in Scotland. Hope you get a chance to visit Ireland when you are in this “neck of the woods”!
Raining here in FL USA too!
6:13 Ben, Adam, and Sam freaking out.
summer storms 😌
Pretty interesting stuff
More than 53 years since its many years before I was born
For those who like thorough reports about early days of space exploration - there is spacerockethistory podcast by Mike Annis
Sputnik was delayed because the Americans started plans for Explorer-1, which would be set to launch first, so they drew up plans for a cut-down probe to launch first, launching the original Sputnik as sputnik 3.
The "u" in Sputnik is a short "oo", not an "ah". It is neither a spud nor a spatula.
It's a lost cause, forget about it.
Wow you're so smart!
And how do you pronounce Paris? Bet it's not Paree. You are welcome.
@@ekspatriat Sputnik is not a city. The English word for Sputnik is Satellite. If you want to pronounce it in English, just say satellite.
@@ekspatriat and because I am sure there are some people who aren't going to get what I just wrote:
How do you pronounce Bangkok? I bet it is not Krung-theep Maha Nakon. How do you pronounce Moscow? I bet it is not Moskva. How do you pronounce Finnland? I bet it is not Suomi.
Because those are English names for those things. The English word for sputnik is literally satellite. If you aren't saying satellite, you are using a Russian name. So it's probably appropriate if you pronounce it properly. Just like you are (probably?) not saying "me-lunch-oh-lee" for melancholy, because it is a Greek word, and has a defined pronunciation.
I honestly wish I could care less, but Spud-nik just kinda makes me want to puke every time I hear it.
Wonderful background
Van Allan the man who discovered something then immediately tried to destroy it with a nuclear weapon! Drstroying a British satellite in the process.
I wish I knew you were here scott, would have been fantastic to meet up for a quick hullo
America was actually more advanced, but we got lazy. Sputnik just slapped us out of apathy
Unfortunately totally wrong. The Soviets got every 'First' satellite, animals. woman, first spacewalk. The only thing the US got was first to walk on the Moon.
But its understandable, you Muricans are brainwashed into believing you had achieved something, when the Soviets had got there before the US.
Acoustic Scott Manley
Thanks Scott. Few people remember the third event. Without cheating, how many people can name the third cosmonaut into space? The third person to set foot on the Moon? The third person to circumnavigate the Earth? The third person to run a sub-four minute mile? The third radio transmission across the Atlantic? The night's third double whiskey? OK, scrub that last one.
Pete Conrad
You need to chug a big tall double strength coffee!!!😂🤣😂🤣
Enjoying your summer…both days of it 😂😝😎
Rushing a project never bodes well down the road.
Man scott
Greetings mr Manley. Regarding the new findings about aluminium satellites and the ozone layer, what material do you think we can use to replace aluminium? Do you think SpaceX's grounding will be extended so they can solve this issue as well?
The ozone layer concerns are ignoring the fact that hundreds of tons of meteors fall to earth every day.
@@scottmanley Good point.
I've been watching your older KSP videos. And you were talking about how the NURV engine should only use hydrogen and not oxydizer. That change was made, but I'm wondering........what if you had 2 NURV engines. One is using hydrogen, the other is using oxygen. Then you combine them and ignite it. Wouldn't that increase the ISP even more? Is that even possible?
2:18 Oops.
Hope you're having a great time back home - while we're all saying it's too hot, you need a hoodie 🤣 Greetings from East Lothian!
The first man made object in space was German though. An A4 ( or V2 of you're so inclined) was never close to bring anything into orbit though.
Congrats on your hoodie. Is it worth a rode trip? 🍻
Just to be obtuse, doesn't sucking require air or water or some such that is not in abundant supply up there in space?
@scottmanley >>> Great video...👍
focused on getting there first at the expense of doing it right: we call that 'tech debt' now.
Hoodie, sleeves down?
The land of Scott in summer 🤦♂️😂
I was born in the year of Sputnik!
Letter G (Г) comes after V (В) in Cyrillic alphabet, not D (Д). The order is А Б В Г Д…
But I suppose it might be a bad PR is Russian to call a satellite and object Г. 😂
Worst summer in a long time for a visit! LOL!