🇺🇦 Lychakiv Cemetery. Lviv. Walking tour. The oldest necropolis in Europe. December 2022

The Lychakiv cemetery has existed since 1786 - after the Austrian authorities forbade burying people in the old cemeteries located in the city around the churches at that time. Since then, it was one of the 4 cemeteries of Lviv (the other three have long ceased to exist) and was intended for the city center and the IV district of Lviv. Mostly wealthy and prominent residents of the city were buried in the cemetery, although as early as the beginning of the 16th century. this area was already used for burials of the destitute. The nationality of the buried was different, as evidenced by the inscriptions on the monuments in different languages: Latin, Polish, German, Dutch, Romanian, Greek. And the oldest inscription in Russian is on the grave of the Ukrainian scientist, historian and ethnographer Denys Zubrytskyi (1777-1862).[1]
The cemetery began with the plots that are now occupied by fields 6, 7, 9, 10, 14. The oldest surviving tombstones of Lychakov date back to 1787 and 1797.
In 1790, 1804 and 1808, the area of the cemetery was significantly expanded due to the purchase of adjacent plots of land from private owners. The next expansion of the cemetery took place in 1856. Then the university botanist Karl Bauer together with the head of the cemetery Tit Thuzhevsky arranged the territory. Alleys and paths were planned, the cemetery was given the character of a park zone.
Under Austrian law, graves left unattended and unpaid for 25 years could be razed and new burials allowed in their place. A stone crusher was installed at the Lychakiv cemetery to crush old monuments. The material obtained in this way was used for the foundations of the brick fence of the cemetery and for paving paths. [2]. Because of that, not much of the three-hundred-year-old tombstones in Lychakov have been preserved, except for a slab with an Armenian inscription and the date "1675" and a few others[3]. In 1875-1876, the sculptors Leopold Schimzer and Józef Szydlowski carved a neo-Gothic gate from the old stone tombstones according to the project of the architect Juliusz Hochberger. A bas-relief depicting Jesus Christ by Emil Shredl is mounted on the gate
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