Topic # 12.16 : Energy Stored In Capacitor part-II | Energy density and its depending factors|

Energy stored in a parallel plate capacitor is given by the equation E=1/2CV^2 where C is the capacitance and V is the voltage across the plates. The capacitance C is determined by the area of the plates A, the separation d between them, and the permittivity ϵ of the dielectric material between the plates, as described by C=ϵA/d. Introducing a dielectric medium between the plates increases the permittivity ϵr, which in turn increases the capacitance and thus the energy stored for a given voltage.
The energy density u, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is given by u=1/2ϵE^2, where E is the electric field strength.
The presence of a dielectric reduces the electric field E for a given charge, leading to a higher capacitance and energy stored, while also increasing the energy density due to the higher permittivity.
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