tRNA, Anticodons, and The Wobble Hypothesis
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- čas přidán 3. 08. 2024
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You should note. Only 5' tRNA bases contribute to the wobble effect. Additionally only G,U, and I are capable of 5' wobble. In your example you show A demonstrating 5' wobble which in fact does not happen. C and A are incapable of 5' wobble.
this ^. only certain nucleotides can base pair via wobble
thank goodness i read this comment
I thought that as well! Thank you so much for the clarification!
Thanks
thanks for making a great correction.
you turned an hour lecture into a 7-minute lesson that I understand more than my prof. Thank you
Thanks for your feedback! Happy studying! :)
omg thank you SO much for explaining the wobble hypothesis. my AP test is tomorrow and i had a hard time figuring out what a wobble was...this helped immensely
+penguann2 Anytime! Happy to know we helped you out :)
Thank you so much for this! After watching this, I was able to understand translation better, also this will probably save my project grade in ap biology, I couldn't quite grasp the wobble hypothesis- but this made it easier to understand and use at a higher level. Thanks again!
Perfectly and wonderfully explained, thank you so much :)
Clover leaf model is the secondary structure of tRNA but u mentioned the 3-D structure as secondary.. apart from that it was a nicely explained video!!
Thanks for explaining the wobble hypothesis :) well done!
Now I understand it :))
This is a informative biology video on the Wobble hypothesis. Thank you. :)
+carpaccio45 No worries! Glad we could help :)
Great Video !!!
thank you for such a wonderful explanation
No problem! Glad you liked the video :)
U save my life, my microbiology test gonna be fine I guess now.. Feww!! Ty ty a lot 😣
You're welcome! Happy to help and good luck on your exam!! :)
omg i love you so much thank youuuuuuuuuu finally i understood it
Glad it helped! :)
Thank you so much!! :)
+Leticia Mascarenhas no prob! Glad we could help :)
Oh my god my head is just lighting up and I have some hope for my microbiology exam, i finally got it thanks man :D
Glad our video is helping! Best of luck on your Finals! :)
Clutch Prep i wish they were finals :C second if 3 exams I have to pass in Uni to be able to get into the second demester
@@Lionfire1998 have you passed your college?
@@godlessheathen6425 yeah, I finished my bachelors last year and I'm now foing a masters degree :) thanks for checking in and helping along the way
@@Lionfire1998 nice.
awesome
thanx doc itis too helpful
Thanks! Happy to help :)
Hey! This might be a misinformed question, but I just wanted to know where exactly the trna got its amino acid from? Was it already there to begin with or did it get the amino acid from someplace else? Also, I don't quite understand what happens to the trna once it attaches its amino acid to the polypeptide and exists the cell, could you please explain that point further? Thank you for the great video!
Hi Awael, these are great questions! The tRNA doesn’t start out with an amino acid. Instead, a protein called aminoacyl tRNA synthetase adds the amino acid onto the tRNA. This protein is very specific and only is responsible for adding one amino acid - and this helps the tRNAs get the correct amino acid. Once the tRNA adds the amino acid to the polypeptide chain it is pushed out of the ribosome - at which point another amino acid can be added to it (by aminoacyl tRNA synthetase) and it can be used again to further protein synthesis! Hopefully thats clear and please let us know if you have any other questions! :)
I have a question... I came here trying to understand my prof's lecture, but I still can't find what I look for. If wobble hypothesis is indeed true, wouldn't that mean that tRNA *can't* distinguish between an Asparagine codon (AAC/ AAU) and a Lysine codon (AAG/ AAA)?? Even if only G and U are capable of wobble, as Jake Garcia stated, there are still one of them in each aminoacid codon groups....
Thanks man =)
No problem! Happy to help!
thank you
You're welcome! :)
thank you
You're welcome! :)
thanks for the explaination
You're welcome! :)
@@Clutchprep you replied after 5 years! I am subscribing to your channel. Keep up your good work.
Thanks! Check more videos at www.clutchprep.com :)
Thanks
+Claudia No problem! Happpy to help :)
can you tell possible explanation for wobble hypothesis ......I mean molecular explanation
Great question Idda! The molecular explanation for the Wobble hypothesis is that the first two nucleotide/anticodon pairs form the normal hydrogen bonds that connect all nucleotides together. For these two nucleotides there is a checking system by the RNA/tRNA - and it can check and see if the hydrogen boding pairs have bonded correctly, and therefore are following the strict Watson-Crick nucleotide pairing. However, for the 3rd nucleotide/1st anticodon nucleotide, this double checking system doesn’t occur - and that allows some non Watson-Crick nucleotide pairs to form, allowing for the Wobble hypothesis. However, not all base pair combinations can happen at the 3rd nucleotide - there are some restrictions. For example, if a “G” is at the 3rd position, it can base pair with a C or U in the 1st position of the anticodon - it can’t bind to A or G. So there are specific rules to the Wobble hypothesis.
I understand the whole idea of the wobble but there is one aspect that isn't making sense to me. So does the wobble 5' base nucleotide pairing have some sort of specificity regarding what it can attach to? For example, is it not possible that you can have an AAA anticodon that would wobble base pair with a UUG codon, producing a leucine instead of a phenylalanine? The broader aspect that's confusing me is that from how it is, the first 2 bases in the codon are supposed to be correct, and the 3rd base can be a bit variable. This would be fine if all the amino acids were coded for by exactly 4 codons, so the 3rd base could be any of the 4 choices, and it would still code for the same amino acid. But this isn't the case and the codons coding for a specific protein seems to be a bit random, especially with the whole factor of stop codons also being there. Hope I'm making some sense, please assist
This is a great question, and yes, there is specificity to the wobble hypothesis. Specifically, like you mentioned, the wobble hypothesis allows for flexibility in the third nucleotide space, as long as it still codes for the same amino acid. Although there are many different examples of how this occurs, I going to just choose one as an example. Some tRNAs contain an inosine at the third position. An inosine is a nucleoside formed when a purine called hypoaxthine pairs with a ribose sugar. Generally, inosine isn’t talked about until really advanced level biology or chemistry classes. However, this inosine nucleoside has the ability to pair with adenine, cytosine, and uracil. Therefore, if a tRNA has inosine in the third anti-codon position, then that tRNA can bind to codons with A, C, or U in the third position - which provides more flexibility to the third position. There are other nucleosides that have different specificities for nucleotides, and therefore can provide flexibility to that third position. Hopefully that is more clear!
Thanks for the very prompt reply. I see it isn't as simple as I thought it was, thanks for the explanation though. In the few hours after I asked the question I pondered about it and just came to a conclusion, let me know if it's correct. Basically the particular chemistry relevant to each combination of codons and anticodons (involving the aspects related to inosine and other nucleosides above my pay grade) is set up in such a manner that the wrong amino acid cannot be produced unless some anomalous disturbances occur.
what happens if the anticodon of the tRNA does not match with the codon of the mRNA during translation?
Hey! This is a great question! If the anticodon of the tRNA and the codon of the mRNA are not complementary, then the tRNA will leave the ribosome and the amino acid will not be added to the growing polypeptide chain. Hope that helps :)
@ Clutch Prep Thanks a lot :)
phenylalanine
Nice vid but i just wish that tRNA structure was a bit more explained... :/
Hi Mohita, if you have specific questions, feel free to ask!
He says fennel alenine instead of phenyl XD