Abritus 251 - Crisis of the Third Century DOCUMENTARY
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- čas přidán 21. 12. 2019
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In our new animated historical documentary we will talk describe the early portion of the Crisis of the Third Century in the Roman empire, as the Year of the Six Emperors heralded by the coming to power of the first soldier emperor Maximinus Thrax takes the throne. Rome is beset by the barbarian incursions from all sides and one of them - Gothic invasion of 250 leads to the battle of Abritus of 251 between the Gothic leader Cniva and the Roman emperor Decius Trajanus.
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The script video was written by Matt Hollis.
This video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & / @gameworldnarratives )
Machinimas were made on Total War: Rome 2 engine ( / mathemedicupdates )
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#Documentary #Crisisofthethirdcentury #Rome
We can neither confirm nor deny that we bought these t-shirts off the Gothic marauders and now are trying to sell them to you: bit.ly/2kRVWX8 What we can confirm is that we are going to work through the holidays and the new videos will be released on the 24th, 26th, 28th and 30th! Thanks for your support. We are here because of you!
Will you guys be doing more Three Kingdoms videos since Mandate of Heaven is coming out soon? Perhaps a deeper look at the Yellow Turban Rebellion, Zhuge Liang's Northern Expeditions or perhaps the Taiping Rebellion, the deadliest civil war in history?
@@grandadmiralzaarin4962 thinking about it
Kings and Generals
Pls do video about Nader Shah’s Empire
Kings and Generals Christmas came early with your videos
@@KingsandGenerals my comment was deleted so am saying it again do all north Africa history and the army of abid al-bukhari
Can we raise K&G to the imperial purple?
First CZcamsr-Emperor :-)
Ave Imperator!
Me : NO !
K&G : *Throws Knife*
Me : *Shatters*
Sure, we have cheap purple dyes now :)
@@KingsandGenerals If you ever become Emperor, don't trust that Pretorian gang. Those are some nasty guys!
Slaps top of the third century: "This can fit so many civil wars in it."
If your not going to make an intelligent statement just dont say anything
I thought it was a funny comment. chill out
@@BronxBastrad730 you’re an asshole
Good comment.
@@BronxBastrad730 if that's your rule you should follow it. Now go to your room.
Roman citizen: So, how many emperors are we gonna have?
Roman Legions: Yes.
26 claimants to the title of emperor in 50 years, I am sure that no contemporary Romanian citizen remembered them all
Roman Citizen: We really should not have the Legions carry the Imperial Purple.
Pretorians:Depends how much money they've got!
I believe that the regular citizen of the empire stopped to care about emperors at some point hahaa
You get a crown, and you get a crown, and you get a crown...
Also, a purple cloak!
@@KingsandGenerals And a stabbing.
When you get cannead 400 years after Hannibal
400 years, incredible how much rome changed but still made the same mistake
They got surrounded in a totaly different way
@@v44n7 a completely different tactic was used here
More like, when you get Cowpensed 1500 years before that becomes a thing.
the issue with Rome was their leaders were too pompous.
If the Roman empire in the 3rd century was a unresponding website then appointing a new emperor would be the refresh button.
Senate/Legions: _F5 F5 F5 F5 F5 F5 F5 F5_
I once beat a German guy in a game of chess... I declare myself Germanicus Maximus!!!
You did a lot more work to earn that title than Lucius Verus did to earn Parthicus and Medicus.
@@user-db5mu7dt6q The Goths Committed The Massacree of Thessalonica In Which Some 7,000 of The City Inhabitants Were Killed
😂😂😂
I once tended to my garden and lawn. Restitutor Orbis.
@@zinetx theodosius massacred those 7k people not the goths 😂
Should have stopped them Goths before they reached imperial age...
Some other people will just simply take their place. Roman Empires fall was unavoidable because the economy was unstable at it's core and it required constant war and plunder to sustain it.
Those barracks pumping out the huskarls jrs are unstoppable!
One would think Legionaries would count as Swordsman line units, and should thus counter huscarls...
@@grimgoreironhide9985 /woooosch
@@kesorangutan6170 The cultural reference was lost on me.
I find interesting how all 3 emperors that died in battle against foreign enemies (Decius here, Valens in Adrianople and Nikephoros I in Pliska), all died in the same area despite how big the empire was. The low Danubian border, with the Eurasian Steppe was by far the most dangerous of them all.
Edit: forgot about Julian. Still makes it 3/4 (or 4/5 if you include Constantine XI)
Constantine XI died in battle too, although he too technically died in Thrace, as where Constantinople is.
Maybe a limes on the Dniester would have been a more suitable defensive line, don't you think?
@@ade9597 The were no any big cities between Danube and Dniester, so it would be hard for the Empire to supply the legions. It was a tribal land, whose pacifying I imagine would be similar to the Roman attempt to pacify Germania.
@@justinian-the-great There were settlements along the Black Sea coast, that might make things easier compared to Germania.
Visigoths tried to hold that defense line against the Huns
For the "Republic"
Yeah, they liked the word, I guess.
Fun fact: when Constantine triumphed over all of his enemies at the start of the fourth century, one of the things he boasted about was how he had 'restored the Republic'. However, it must have seemed like a farce to everyone who was in the know.
The Republic was never dissolved or anything, Augustus Octavian was celebtated for 'restoring the Republic' while becoming the first emperor. The Senate was still active at this point, even plotting against the emperor, it wasn't until Diocletian that republican values and the Roman legal system was reduced to a eastern (mostly Persian) style despotic monarchy with subjects instead of citizens. At the same time the peasent class, who were losing rights and prestige and the agrarian slaves, who on the other hand were gaining some rights and status begun to merge and form the serf class thus starting the late- roman feudalism, putting emphasis on the villa and the land, instead of the cities which started an era of desolation, de-urbanisation and demographic decline.
"WATCH THOSE WRIST ROCKETS."
-Roman soldier probably.
@Ozymandias Ozy94 more like in a new "republic (definetly not a king guys!)"
Man almost 1 million subscribers I remember following you guys at 150,000 awesome to see you guys grow.
Thanks for being with us!
Indeed this channel growth is amazing in just couple of months.
But it’s entirely deserved 👍
I follow some others channels very similar to KnG, but KnG remains by far my favourite !
Keep up the good work guys, u do it well 👌
@@KingsandGenerals It is an amazing journey watching you guys grow, you deserve it. Everything about your content is fantastically produced.
"almost 1 million subscribers" Can we into Parthia now?
@@KingsandGenerals I remember coming across your channel in november 2017.
I think you had 30k-ish subs. The first vid I ever watched was either the Ottoman battle of Kosovo, or the crisis of the 3rd century video.
I also came across BazBattles at the same time. I remember he had 5 or 6 videos only. xD
Both of you have grown so much in 2 years. Proud to be subbed to you both.
Keep up the good work. Our best wishes are with you guys.
**Holding the crown, waiting for you to cross 1 mil subs, so that we can name you the first CZcamsr-Emperor.**
"Thats the last we shall see of them" Marcus Incorrectus, roman centurion
He probably gets everything incorrect.
Next do the Battle of Edessa 260, where a Roman Emperor was captured by the Persians. I want to learn more on that specific campaign. It would also be next on the timeline, so it make sense.
It was the first time a Roman Emperor was captured during battle. There are also some interesting stories surrounding the event where some say that Emperor Valerian was treated very nicely by the Shahanshah of Iran during captivity and some say he met a horrifying death. It would be cool if you covered it.
I couldn't dignify that verbacious nonsense with a respectful reply - even if I wanted to.
We would love to cover Valerian in some way, but the issue is that Edessa in 260 has almost no detail at all in the sources. All we know is that Valerian's army was defeated by a Sassanid force which he outnumbered, and the aftermath.
There are no details other than that.
@@Mattyhollis You gotta do it tho, its too big of an event to not be covered. No one has covered this major event. This battle and this Persian campaign is also what set the Sassanids apart from their Parthian predecessors. The Persians became more confident, aggressive, and belligerent towards Rome.
Demetrius Poliorcetes he literally just told you why they won’t do it. There is no detail around the event itself worth discussing. If you want to see a video about a battle that you apparently already know a lot about you should make one.
@@edwardtheblackprince2722 Rome performed poorly against them in general, Odenathus and the battle of Satala being some of the few bright spots
Even after two thousand eyers later still hurts to see the empire this way :(
I live on the territory of the former Abritus, now called the town of Razgrad. There is a legend according to which Trajan Decius carried a treasure, the treasure hunters are still looking for it :)
The Gothic king is a master strategist..... I liked him.... How easily he defeated a Roman army.... Looks so fresh and formidable.
rahul raveendran Aurelian, Gallenius and Claudius II would like to have a word with you
It must have been a nightmarish task to try and unite an country as huge as the Roman Empire. Just imagine that the emperor died, without a clear successor and you have the support of maybe 3 or 4 legions when you rise to emperorship. Nearly no one in the empire knows your name, it will take weeks to even notify regional commanders and governors of the change in leadership, a change of which they will be vary of and rightly so. To them you are just a name they do not know and pledging their allegiance might hurt their future prospects when inevitably someone challenges your rule. Without a steady dynasty, where simply the name is enough to invoke loyalty, these would-be emperors, capable as they may have been, were set up to fail. It is a testament of how solid the Roman administration was that the empire was able to survive for centuries in times when the government was more often than not practically without a head of state.
During those turbulent times and without clear known emperor, Rome survived that long thanks to the effort of unnamed governors in many province, capable general and legion defending the border and a system so solid that can run autonomously even in times when they got no emperor, so yeah they're pretty solid
@@tubirrr4569 Probably due to the senate. That was where many governors and other leaders came to and out of. So Rome had a "mostly" intelligent patrician class that was loyal to Rome because of their contacts and ties there, but were in charge of managing the borders. It was mostly the Generals who were revolting and etc.
you gotta plan way ahead, secure key alliances everywhere you can and it helps to be a good strategist in battle
From the future lol, usually if a man was elevated to the purple, he would be known in the political world. For example, its not like the emperor died on the Danubian Frontier and a new man became emperor then the governor of Britain was like 'who the heck is this guy'. He would've known him even if they didn' meet and talk face to face or something
So sad really. Almost crying.....
@@rohacha9iin40 why? it's like saying that you can't feel bad for this Roman defeat unless you're Italian. lol
I mean the Roman's had it coming for them anyhow sometime. And so will the Goths.
There is no reason for emotion. Cniva was just more clever
+@@rohacha9iin40, Man, I'm Filipino, yet I am a fanatic for ancient Rome especially during her Imperial years.
It is always sad to see the legions get massacred by her enemies.
FOR ROME! DEATH TO THE BARBARIANS!
@Best Dad ⵣ
"Thats globalist and degenerate"
That's pseudo-edgy and barely qualifies as a troll.
Best Dad ⵣ he mourns because Rome was the light in darkness, called civilization. He mourns because the Barbarian hordes seek to extinguish that light.
Cniva was almost always two steps ahead of the Romans in his planning. Makes me wonder how he was so familiar with their tactics (and the leadership style of the Emperor)
It could be Cniva receiving intel from a Roman insider (Gallus?). There’s a theory that the defeat of Abritus was due to treachery. That and Cniva had some Roman deserters in his army (as mentioned in the video), which may have allowed him to get insight into Roman tactics.
Cniva has maybe been a member of the roman army earlier or worked for them as a mercenary.
it's absolutely incorrect to view the Goths and other tribes enemy to Rome as mere mindless "barbarians" seeking loot. In Abrittus, it seems very clear the Goths employed an inverted crescent formation as their strategy. The Roman sources, of course, try to minimize how their army was tactically outplayed by claiming it got stuck in the terrain while chasing down fleeing enemies.
@@ThomasBarth-gr1szinteresting take! Cniva may have gotten his comeuppance with Valerian, but he could’ve been a competent emperor himself had he been able to march into Italia after Abrittus.
And there are still Goths today. Mind blowing.
Not real goths. Like the Holy Roman Empire.
Aleksa Petrovic spaniards are a mix of visigoths,arabs,berbers and old celto iberians and Italians are a mix of ostrogoths,lombards
they are still living in their own island... *gothland*
nedh so where did all the romans go? 🤔
@@nedimbajgoric2909 aren't Italians mostly Romans ?
Thank you for your 3rd century AD content, from a 3rd century reenactor!
I must point out your mistake on your previous video on the Roman armies during the Crisis of the Third Century: Berkasovo helmets appeared during the Diocletian reforms and not during the 235-284 period.
The main helmet of the Severan dynasty (193-235) and Crisis of the Third Century (235-284) era (Middle Empire) was the Niederbieber/Heddernheim enclosed helmet (along with some squamata "camails" as seen on Dura Europos wall paintings.
Anyway, great content as always.
His millitary clip is from a game Rome 2 Total War. it's not about the accuracy of the animation, but it's his way to giving a glimps of example how the military marched or etc i guess
@@theodora4218 Yes I know, I have the game and the mods he uses in this video to enhance the historical accuracy of vanilla's Rome II Roman models.
In my previous comment I was referring to another video of him ("Roman Army during the Crisis of the Third Century"), where he did mistakes at the end while describing helmets (old Italic types that weren't used anymore and ridge ones who appeared right after the Crisis), and having his "model" using short sleeves tunic instead of long sleeves; no trousers when all soldiers had them since at least Septimius Severus as well as caligae instead of calcei closed shoes.
@@huguesdiceva oh sorry for misunderstood. my bad. anyway, since Severus reign, the military is really germanic/celts inspired huh?
@@theodora4218 I would say that since the Royal period, Rome (as most entities throughout History) was influenced militarily by its neighbouring cultures.
The Middle Imperial period (190s-280s aka the Severan dynasty and the Crisis of the Third Century) is marked by Germanic influence on equipment (and it goes both ways as denoted by Thorsberg findings e.g.) as well as Persian/Eastern influence (also with reciprocity such as seen in Dura Europos...).
Middle Imperial Roman equipment is the highest point in terms of quality and protection in Ancient History (enclosed helmets, extra heavy protection on loricae, etc...).
@@huguesdiceva what's your opinion on that millitary culture change? is that good for the millitary or the empire itself?
So first of all Decius was a cunning commander. I wonder how all these "wise" men fall into such deadly traps. How can their sight be so darkened as not to see their doom approaching?
The reasons he lost was, He underestimated the Goths and thought them to be savages and barbarians who were poorly equipped, Second the lose of his son had saddened him up, Third Kniva the Gothic leader was smart enough to spot the weak spots in Decius
THE best history narrator in history🍻
You can learn more from history from this channel than high school.
First-rate production, guys! Thanks!
Thanks :-)
As alway
All these spectacular events of history makes me dazzled and awed. Surely these are one of the only things that relieve from my grief and give great consolation.
Ah yes.....The Crisis of the third century. The first video on this topic covered by you guys (more than a year ago. Heck. has it been 2 years now since that video was released? Damn.) is my favourite video of your channel.
I think, the only 3 figures during the crisis of the 3rd century who could have probably matched the tactical genius of Cniva could have been:
Aurelian, Claudius, or Odaenathus. (Zenobia too, perhaps? Don't know much about this period).
I'm quite happy that you decided to bring back, and continue, this series. Looking forward to more of this time period.
Thank you, K&G team.
Have a nice day.
:-)
@@KingsandGenerals Also, I agree with the comment (by Matheus Oliveira) to raise you to the Imperial Purple. We request that you become the first CZcamsr-Emperor. :)
I love the Roman content on his channel.
absolutely amazing. Thank u so much for these videos
Excellent video, love this series, thanks K&G's
When Rome fights wars against barbarian tribes and many civil wars you know that Rome is going to fall soon.
Stupid civil wars
@@v44n7 Taxes :::::
Is just so painfull to look at
Not really, their entire history basically consists of wars against barbarians and civil wars.
200 years is not that soon. Especially because only half of the empire fell.
"Proceeding therefore incautiously in an unknown place, he and his army became entangled in the mire, and under that disadvantage were so assailed by the missiles of the Barbarians, that not one of them escaped with life. Thus ended the life of the excellent emperor Decius."
Loved the fireworks and lightning effects! Icing on the cake of an excellent, enthralling video, brilliantly put together!
Thanks for watching!
I have been following this channel for years now and it very well might be my favorite CZcams channel. There is one thing that I would to see a bit more of though on this channel and that’s a bit more explanation of the consequences of these epic battles. Once the battles over the video usually ends within the next minute or so and I usually have a lot of questions that go unanswered. Then again, that might be the point cause the way questions will be answered in a follow-up video?? Just wanted to share my thoughts. Keep up the amazing work K&G!!!!
very beautiful content, thank you very much
Me : This Video Sucks
K&G : *Throws Knife*
Me : *Shatters*
3:58 The fastest fall of a emperor ever.
Great stuff as always
Thanks!
THANK YOU FOR THIS GREAT WORK
Thanks for watching!
I always felt bad for poor Alexander Severus. I can’t help but wonder: what if he just followed through on the basic duties of military leadership to appease his troops and modify the enemies at the border (or at least put competent people in charge to do that)? His reign could’ve been great! If I remember right, they cut high taxes, kept spending reasonable, and generally ruled conscientiously.
don't forget that the military discipline was almost totally broken during his reign, it got so bad that he couldnt openly punish the soldiers responsible for murdering their own praetorian prefect. he was also weak and dominated by his mother for basically his entire reign. mediocre emperor, slightly better than average but mediocre
Merry Christmas to you and your team the hard work you guys put out is fantastic episode on episode you get better and better I wish you all the best coming into the new year. P. S Nearly at 1 Mill 😉
Another awesome video
2:40 I feel like it wasn’t just his wars, but particularly the massive donatives to the army and pay increases that really made him go fishing for funds
Another great video.
Emperor Decius apparently didn't study the Battle of Cannae...….
Migratory goths seemed too "primitive" to him to attempt that
@@piotrgrzelak2613 those "primitives" ended up kicking Decius' ass!!!
He underestimated the Goths, As they were not barbaric in nature and were disciplined warriors.
Thank you for the new video
Thanks for watching!
Passionnant as usual !
YES FEED ME HISTORY VIDEO IN THE MORNING THAT IS ALL I NEED
Cannae 2.0, niva was really a genius. What an amazing video this was
Great video.
Really interesting. I know less about the Goths than I'd care to admit. Would you guys do a video on the Gangaridai empire
This and the past videos have been of superb quality top top content only a matter of time before you group get to show yours skills on tv
Thanks!
They don't need tv. This *is* the new tv as far as I'm concerned.
merry christmas to you K&G and what mods were used in this video. i loved the units displayed in the video
Kings and Generals, making Sundays great again!!!
Love those Roman Wars!
More coming!
@@KingsandGenerals fantastic! Looking forward to them.
Payback was their defeat at Naissus 17 years later 50.000 goths slaughtered by emperor Galloenus.
It didn’t help them
A number pulled out of Zosimus's ass 250 years after it happened.
You clearly meant to write Gallienus but accidentally clicked on the o instead of the i, we’ve all done it.
Just letting you know before some person swears at you and acts like you’re an idiot just because you miss clicked.
Lee You can basically say that about any ancient battle at any time in any part of the world and between any two forces. Don’t cry.
It was Roman Emperor Claudius II that won the decisive battle of Naissus !
that was one hell of a time for ancient Rome.
Hi man great content. Will you do something about the battle of Naissus against the Goths?
I love your videos the quality is nice and I hope you reach 1 Million soon.
Thank you very much!
Those pesky civil wars really tore a hole in their resources. Thank you, great content.
O awesome video!!
Very good
When I hear that little note at the start I get a nice feeling that something good is coming! 😁🤣👍
Holy shit! A video here like every other day
ABRITVS ( Razgrad ) My home town 👏👏💪💪👍👍😁😁🥰🥰
@@DimitarFCBM Капанците сме номер 1
3rd century crisis is one of the best documentary
Merry Christmas all at Kings and Generals! 1million soon come!
10 emperors in one video, a new record
Great post...... I would like to watch some history on the Zulu wars in the future. Love your channel :)
This was epic.
Emperor of Rome Traianus Decius: **exists**
Goths: *_"We're about to end this Emperor of Rome's Whole Career."_*
Senate: HE WAS AN EMPEROR OF ROME! Shame on the house of Goth!
If this Crisis is to become a series please do consider dedicating a video to Septimius Odenathus the king of Palmyra, I think he is important and underrated enough to warrant his own video unrelated to the deeds of his wife in the reign of Aurelian after his death
Amazing research! I live in Germany and visited the new discovered battlefield by the "Harzhorn". Modern scholars debate it as a draw for both roman and Alemanni; the former not making any records about this encounter. Regards to this amazing channel
As always, "Well done Lads," not many speak or teach of Cneva! Total War should do more advertising through K&Gs. The only time I don't end up playing after a battle video is when I'm watching on break at work!
Crisis of the 3rd Century stuff? YESSSS please
Cniva was surely cunning and Decius too ambitious and haughty.
and as Cniva must have said, careless
6:15 "Gordian III died in dubious circumstances".
Might he be the first Roman emperor dying in battle against an external foe?
The Sassanid archives say he did.
Wow who would think the sleepy plains around Razgrad Bulgaria were the scene of great battles :) However, this is the beginning of the end of the old Roman population in Bulgaria and when the Slavic settlers came in the 6th century and the Bulgars in the 7th century, they settled in an empty land
In the 3rd century, it's like the Legions raised everyone to the Imperial Purple, but then quickly changed their tune and killed him if the Emperor lost a battle. I wouldn't even want to be Emperor during this time.
I've got comments all over YT about poor pronunciations so I would be remiss if I didn't point out that the hard K vs soft C pronunciations in this channel, (aside from Caesar - forgiven,) warm my heart.
I watch your videos with great interest. But I wish every video in your Turkish subtitle. I wish you continued success.
Most of the turkish subs are so shit like even worse than google translate.
@@klaus2045 probably a Turkish officer must have hurt... ha
Maximus Thrax fight at the Harzhorn in Germany
235/236 AC the place were the fight happend is now a Museumground and can be visited
N
Can you do a video about the History of Dacia?
Great work guys, as always, you just need to work on better maps, they really make visuals more interesting, for example a colored geographical map, it's simple but can make a huge difference, Epic history and Invicta use this style a lot.
Consider this a very friendly feedback, I really love you guys, your work is amazing.
It’s unfathomable how short-sighted the soldiers were when they prepared to overthrow every emperor because they couldn’t pay enough
We want byzantine documantrys
Love it when you guys do Greeks and Romans 👍
Can you guys cover the battles of Cortenuova, Parma and Fossalta? They were battles fought between the Italian League of Lombardy and the Holy Roman Empire in the 13th century.
At the time of battle Herrenius was already rised to title of Augustus which is important detail in that sense it makes Abrittus the only battle in which two Roman Emperors were killed.
What a troubling battle for the Romans. And what a massacre too. My compliments to those who made this video a reality.
every single time i watch one of these videos, i always get an urge to play rome 2. dat music....
Why do u post vids not connected to the previous vid? It makes it more confusing btw love ur channel always watching the newest vid
Sir you are a genius
Could make videos about the contemporary roman-sassanid wars? Like the victories of Shapur I over the romans (e.g. Barbalissos and Edessa)
These videos need to bee shown in schools. They are far superior to any video content was ever shown in school.
The commander of the garrison correctly guessed the legionnaires' card, and thus they raised him to the imperial purple.
Such chaotic, yet interesting era it is. Surely not much so for citizens living that period.
fun fact, evidance suggests that cniva is the same person as cannobaudis who would invade the empire in the late 260s/early 270s, before being defeated by claudius gothicus at the battle of naissus (for which he got his name from) and was later killed by aurelian
Elevated to the Purple by the troops, and urged into a deadly defeat by the troops. Caesar would maybe have prescribed riding lessons. Although Kniva's strategy was brilliant. A simple plan but almost entirely fail-proof.
Battle of Naisso plis!