How to Know a Neutrino - with Art McDonald
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- čas přidán 12. 06. 2024
- Nobel Prize winner Art McDonald tells the story of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, a Canada-UK-US laboratory 2 km underground, and teaches us how to tell a neutrino from a hole in the ground.
Watch the Q&A here: • Q&A - How to Know a Ne...
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Sudbury Neutrino Observatory observed neutrino properties beyond the Standard Model of Elementary Particles and confirmed models of the sun with great accuracy. Arthur McDonald also talks about future research at SNOLAB, into Dark Matter particles and rare radioactive processes.
This event was organised in partnership with the High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom.
Arthur B McDonald is a Canadian astrophysicist. McDonald is the director of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Institute and holds the Gordon and Patricia Gray Chair in Particle Astrophysics at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. He was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Japanese physicist Takaaki Kajita.
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Now _THIS_ is a scientific lecturer!!! None of the verbal tics, none of the stylized haughty attitude, none of the pauses for expected adulation; just pure unapologetic science and unaffected competence. A very high signal-to-noise ratio and a near perfect impedance match with a general audience... due to thoughtfully expressed wisdom geared to a respectful crowd. (It should be said that the lecturer is only half of the event; the audience must do it's part- but a speaker this good makes the audience rise to the occasion. This talk should be held up as a classic example of good communication.)
U should see Robert Sapolsky’s Stanford lectures
I'm very grateful for the Royal Institution lectures which I find are a reliable cure for insomnia almost every time. I do often enjoy them whilst I'm awake as well. It's just they are accessible enough to distract my tired brain from the days problems allowing it to switch off!
Haha!!
Same!
Fantastic, inspiring and personal presentation of most things about neutrinos. The whole story of their discovery, properties and what they contribute scientifically. Unpretentiously told by one of the most important pioneers in the field.
The lecture was seasoned with personal experiences in connection with new discoveries and the uncovering of how these discoveries were interpreted, as well as the experiences surrounding the formal recognition in the form of the awarding of the Nobel Prize.
The conclusion around the further exploration of the nature of the universe, which quite naturally becomes part of the project, since the neutrinos are absolutely central to this understanding.
Fantastic to get such a vivid insight into this whole part of physics!
Great respect and thanks from here.
*"Along with electrons and quarks they are the basic particles that we don't know how to subdivide any further."*
I love the modesty. To me, that sounds so much better than the usual "fundamental building blocks of the universe" or some such phrasing. I'd be disappointed, if there is not more to discover, research and use than what we know today.
The final building blocks of any matter are still hidden in quantum physics.
Great talk. Certainly gives one a lot to Ponter (loved that book).
*Great Man, Genius*
Hatts off Arthur McDonald
When will the directors/producers for these RI videos realize that SHOWING THE OVERHEAD PROJECTIONS FROM THE SIDE, AT THAT DISTANCE, DOESN'T ALLOW THE ABILITY TO SEE WHAT'S BEING PRESENTED?!
Get a freaking clue already!!
Wonderful to hear an experimentalist explain a big advance. So connected with reality.
Excellent
THANK YOU...!!!
This was brilliant.
what a great man
Inspiring personality
A new video, great!
When he speaks from a screen from minute 33 on and for some minutes only, his speach on neutrinos changing flavors is very difficult to catch. I heard people laugh, fine for them/ Apart this tiny part the presentation of their experience and results is great.
My favorite flavor of neutrino is cherry, I always go for the red ones
Sorry, can't help you. Only quarks can be red; neutrinos don't carry a color charge. :-)
What is wrong with us!? 😂🤦♂️
I take it back. Never met Mike before. 😳 Apparently we're the normal ones. 🤭✌🍄🐛🦋🌈❤
@@MikeRosoftJH dd
22 people are disappointed that they weren't given instructions on making personal acquaintance with a neutrino.
Les neutrinos émergent donc d'une science à définir
Interesting article with a flaw.
CAn someone let me know if art McDonald’s has written a book on neutrinos ? Can’t find one...Thanks
How fast=How interactive and or what flavour? Given the fondness for slight fluctuations bringing about different species in so many of nature's systems and the trouble time has keeping up with nature's true speed demons....maybe they're only poking a part-time toe in our dimensions.
Camera work driven by producer who is used to the idea that you need to keep changing the image to keep people watching. This is wrong, when the guy is talking about a 'slide' that is full of detail, then keep looking as the screen for ALL the time he’s talking at it, because we're trying to read the slide. Eg 26:24 can’t read the slide
I second that.
Thanks for pointing this out. Cheap tricks
All these RI videos seem to do that, it's really annoying. The speaker'll be referencing some detail on his slide, and all we can see is his mouth moving!
RI videos are edited by a computer program. The Royal Institution actually doesn't have any people working there, it's just a runaway AI inviting these people to talk and turning lights and cameras on and off. The good news is that comments like yours are how the program learns, so keep pointing things out! Timestamps help.
Sincerely, a fellow human (I promise).
Erm.... it's what they call a "sense of humour" I believe.
10:30 That delicious breakfast cereal, "Neutrinos" ..... Now Nuttier and crisper than those stale, tasteless "OLD - trinos"!!
AND unlike Ms Adler below, I prefer MY food BLUE - Blueberry flavour for me!
Do fast (relativistic speed) neutrinos interact more strongly than slow neutrinos?
Jess Stuart Becouse neutrinos are (almost) massless, they all move (almost) at the speed of light and there are no slow moving ones.
Thanks, that makes sense.
We don't measure slow moving aka low energy neutrinos. There is no reason they can't exist.
however the energy with which neutrinos are observed we can distinguish if solar or atmospheric as former being in MeV range and latter being in GeV range of energies ( which are related to speeds). So based on speed there is kind of a distinction here.
Consciousness is awareness of penetrating the potential/ material by its highest forms like word and touch and therefore the whole universe appears.
Canadian is surprised to find out nobody in Britain has heard of a Canadian coffee chain. Great lecture though.
Neutrinos are a great source of vitamin C
Don't make fun of Rumsfeld's "Known Unknowns"! It's a highly insightful analysis of reality. All scientists wish they could explain things so concisely.
I'm a little surprised that someone drank a whole glass of heavy water. Aside from the cost, I've always heard that drinking a sizable amount of it can potentially cause some issues with the body's chemistry.
can anybody say free radicals ?
does heavy water taste like regular water?
Lots of Neutrinos which we can explain where they are? And dark matter and energy which we can’t explain what it is?
Perhaps creating neutrinos is the hypothetical air in the expanding balloon of the universe itself.
20:07 “...that goes faster than the speed of light in water?” He meant to say “sound” right? Thought nothing could go faster than the speed of light, except quantum entanglement that is (that sadly can’t convey any information apparently)
Well actually it was right, just googled it... interesting. Always thought light was fastest, but not always the case, depending on through which medium it’s traveling.
Maybe try thinking of the Cerenkov-Radiation (super-blue light) as a Photonic-boom (seemingly continuous compared to standing in a passing sonic compression wave).
The refraction of light through the medium of water makes apparent the 'drag-factor' on the photons making it to our eyes. Think of the medium as electromagnetically active for photons where uncharged neutrinos may pass through at light's proper speed limit.
Plasma?
33:35 did the audience actually understand any of that video? judging by the laughing they do.. but I can't
whoeveriam0iam14222 It would be so easy to edit that part into the video with a little willingness.
you just have to spend some time bonding
And later you can watch 'How to Know a Burger' with his brother, Ronald.
Why is liquid O2 magnetic ???
It's paramagnetic because it has two unpaired electrons. The parallel spin state leaves a net magnetic moment. This kind of magnetism is very weak, though. It's not like iron.
is this guy the peter gzowski of physics?
Seems reasonable, now you've forced me to Google ;-) en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Gzowski
My favourite part is when he said "uh"
WHAT ABOUT THE TIMBITS !!??
Neutrinos are not particles, they are vortices of the Inertial plane.
The Inertial plane is, "Condensate of Universe".
Do u think this may become how we comprehend plasma
🎼🎶🎵🎸
Actually, in normal water, the vast majority of water molecules containing heavy hydrogen won't be D2O but DHO because the nuclei are constantly redistributed between the water molecules.
THis guy really needs an assistant to help him with the slides.
I wonder if the scientists rolled out of bed and just took a shower when they got there? 😂🤦♂️🤔(to the Clean Lab.)
Lady gets front row seat and spends it fiddling on her phone :rolleyes
GrowBagUK the lady in the front row isn’t on her phone, she’s the slide coordinator you see on screen
So, neutrinos are used to change atoms. Cool.
George Carlin never said "just a moment"
true
Electron microscopes are magnetic ???
The lenses are.
6:38 is wrong - they experience weak force AND gravity. If have zero mass and travel at speed of light, then that is really stating at the speed of causality. However causality is bent by spacetime, and just within the event horizon of a black hole all possible futures are directed inwards to the singularity. Therefore it is not be true that neutrinos do not experience the force of gravity: Neutrinos can't pass into a black hole's event horizon and emerge the other side. Therefore 6:45 is incorrect to state neutrinos only feel the weak force out of the 4 forces. Instead should have been phrased as they only feel the weak force that current standard quantum mechanics covers (weak, strong & electromagnetic forces), but do feel gravity which is not get included in the standard model (quantum gravity is speculated to explain what happens at the core of a black hole, but is only conjecture at present). Indeed at 7:35 the diagram states "Neutrinos feel only the weak force (and gravity)"
i've never heard that type of british accent before.
Might be because he's Canadian.
Hey now. If you have nothing nice to say, say nothing at all.
ya eh
Dylan T That's ironic coming from you
Now everything is playing game theory
Art McDonald could benefit from the work at Thunderbolts Project.
Ah! An idiot.
30:29 a whale in the background opens its mouth for some krill.
sadly can't hear the video he plays very well over his breathing.
*Are Neutrinos a Source of Vitamin C!*
How did they calculate what percentage of Solar Neutrinos they were capturing at anytime? The weather above is changing, the distance from Sun and axial tilt was function of seasons, and Sun having its own Solar Flare cycles. To have a faith in a number is very egoistic.
They're formed in the sun's core. Doesn't matter what the rest of the sun, the space to Earth, or what's going on up top.
They're formed in the sun's core. Doesn't matter what the rest of the sun, the space to Earth, or what's going on up top.
Edit: They're also not calculating the % of total... they're figuring out the ratio of flavors.
playgroundchooser how did they figure their percentage vs gravitational pulls of large planets sucking them.
4:40... using logic based on what you already know ask yourself what would John Newlands say in discussing the accelerating expansion of space with a piano tuner and the energy needed to support a speakers subwoofer compared to its tweeter while looking back in time where a rapid initial expansion is shown pointing to a singularity.
Here is a copy of some simple calculations regarding CERN's “Superluminal” Neutrino Abnormality announced worldwide in September 2011 @ (v-c)/c=2.48e-5 sec in 453.6 miles creating the biggest question of "why" ever asked in the History of Mankind because it challenged Einstein.. or so they thought. But first ask yourself another question.... 'can you believe everything you are told if someone that wants something is trying to cover it up?'.... again let your common sense and logic makes the following observation.
These simple calculations exposing an important ratio in physics first observed by Arnold Sommerfeld in the late 40's using the photon (and many times thereafter but ignored because the repeated measurement challenged Einstein as CERN stated again only using the neutrino after Fermilab noticed it too) show using basic math that CERN's Muon phase timed neutrinos measured @ (v-c/c)=2.48e-5 sec in 453.6 miles match the mistaken "superluminal" gain created by SLAC's E158 asymmetry of the weak force ratio which also adds 2.48e-5 sec to the speed of light in 453.6 miles creating an asymmetry in time of 20e-5 sec... showing a simple way to describe gravity as a force rather than its geometry using kid's math.
A year after these calculations were posted on Nature's Forum next to CERN's scientists exposing an asymmetry in time sending a Google search on "SLAC E158" to 100 full pages by scientists who were trying to figure out why CERN's neutrino data was showing Einstein was wrong "again", SLAC went back over their BaBar experiment's data and confirmed "looking at it differently" time has the asymmetry exposed using a 3rd experiments data and that proved Einstein was correct AGAIN by eliminating the uncertainty principle he was ridiculed for refusing to accept. The change in physics human nature is trying to hide in a loose cable shows gravity is is connected to time for a logical reason just about anyone can understand when explained properly in layman terms.
Open up a calculator and it's easy to see for yourself and follow along. "{a}" is the algebraic symbol of the value in effect of WF Asy but not needed for simple math which makes this discovery very unusual as anyone with basic math skills (or a calculator) can see the data match to decide for themselves what is real and what is politics as usual.
SLAC's E158 Weak Force Asymmetry {a} ratio is exceptionally specific and "using clocks" adds the EXACT distance light travels in one hour to the distance light travels in one thousand years expressed as distance showing many scientists for the first time to see how space is connected to time.
3600 sec / 1000 years = 3.6 seconds WF Asy {a} added in one year.
3.6 sec x 186282 (speed of light) = 670615.2 which is the {a} WF asy in distance added to the speed of light in one year so....
670615.2 / 365.2425 days in a year = 1836.082055072999 is the {a} WF asy SOL distance added to speed of light in one day
1836.082055072999 / 24 hours = 76.50341896137498 is the {a} WF asy time/distance added to speed of light in one hour
76.50341896137498 / 60 minutes = 1.275056982689583 is the {a} WF asy added to speed of light in one minute
1.275056982689583 / 60 seconds = 0.021250949711493 is the {a} WF asy added to speed of light in one second
Now if the Earth were bigger and CERN's neutrinos had traveled a little over 186282 miles (one second + WF Asy gained @ SOL) we would be done, but since they only traveled 453.6 miles we need to keep going till we get to the value of {a} added in 453.6 miles. So we divide the miles light travels in one second by the miles CERN's neutrinos traveled.
86282 miles or one second/453.6 miles, the percentage of a one second gain which is = 410.6746031746032
Now we divide it into the WF Asy one second gain from above (.021250949711493 )
0.021250949711493 / 410.6746031746032= 5.174644243208279e-5
That just gave us the total forward and back total neutrino oscillation WF Asy {a} time gained in 453.6 miles. Now notice it is almost exactly double CERN's 2.48e-5 sec SOL gain announced Worldwide before the politics SLAC ignored stepped in.
The next two calculations dividing it in half and using CERN's 2.48e-5 forward arrow "stopping point" to add the .10e-5 sec remaining difference to the other half and show it fits exposes a 4th oscillation atomic phase and a second reverse arrow connected to time. In layman terms it adds a 4th part called the missing gravatron to the atom that was sitting next to the electron in plain sight all along. (This was posted on Nature Forum before SLAC went back over their BaBar data and confirmed the asymmetry in time giving the discovery a sigma 14 level of certainty in Nov 2012.)
5.174644243208279e-5 /2 = 2.58732212160414e-5 sec
That gave us the forward arrow of time WF Asy gain in 453.6 miles that is .10e-5 sec over CERN's 2.48e-5 sec in CERN's equation @ (v-c)/c=2.48e-5. So we just subtract the difference:
2.58e-5 - 2.48e-5 = .10e-5 sec
And add it to the other half: 10e-5 + 2.58e-5 = 2.68e-5 giving the second reverse arrow an asymmetry in time of .20e-5 sec, the difference in size of the forward arrow @ 2.48e-5
2.68e-5 - 2.48e-5 = .20e-5 sec
So using basic math we see that CERN's neutrinos traveling at (v-c)/c=2.48e-5 sec in 453.6 miles creates an asymmetry in time of .20e-5 sec just as predicted using CERN's forward arrow gain of 2.48e-5 sec to show where we "fold" space and add SLAC's E158 remaining ratio that fits filling in the second reverse Mass oscillation arrow at 2.68e-5 sec. To support gravity connected to Mass oscillation it had to create three separate ratios and that's exactly what this shows.
If you add an asymmetry to time you must end up with one and to create gravity it must occur in the second oscillation phase as shown so the reverse phase arrow is a little longer. This shows any physicist paying attention and any good physicist half asleep gravity is caused by the subtrahend of the electromagnetic wave as well and the graviton phase is longer than the electrons. It shows the neutrino is the photons force carrier space and is separating the weak force phase timing from the strong force in both an inertial and accelerating state where Gravity is created by the subtrahend of the remaining weak force asymmetry gained. Guess what that creates over time that gets really heavy....
If the Unified Field Theory equation that exposed the strong force in observation of a speed of light clock and created these calculations was wrong the numbers wouldn't say it was correct and someone would have corrected it going on a decade now. But outside of the music profession it created a deep silence that showed knowledge and a physics degree are not the same thing and human nature remained the same after the answer to the biggest question ever asked was provided by the public with a great deal of credit going to CERN's honest scientists and SLAC's E158 team as well as SLAC's BaBar team (and the US DOE that funded SLAC going back over their BaBar experiments data) who unlike a few people at CERN did not try to hide the discovery that time has asymmetry. And that adds a second reverse arrow to time, and a fourth Mass oscillation phase shown opposite the electron to the atom. The graviton phase was in plain sight all along....
John F Hendry Of course! Why didn’t I think of all this before?
If the double beta decay only happens once every 10^26 years, how are they ever hoping to find it? That's billions of times the age of the observable universe!
They're lost in their equations seeking beautiful mathematics without connection to the physical world. This is why it is now 2022 and every single experiment looking for dark matter has failed. Yet their hubris will not allow them to junk their ideas and hit the drawing board. And the academic gatekeepers will not allow alternative ideas to flourish. Many of us said this would happen 10 years ago. Others even before that.
*2022 update:*
What did they find? Nothing. Dark matter? Zip. What's next? More American dollars for more non existent particle searches. Is it maybe time to think about different ideas? No, no, more money please.
We found plenty of neutrinos. There are dozens of neutrino experiments across the globe. Since we are talking about money... when are you going to make your alimony payments? ;-)
I'm just waiting till science starts talking about the discovery and recognition of the human soul !!. Ironically Scientist don't believe In something that doesn't have body or it can't be seen !!....AT THE END THEY (SCIENTIS) WILL HAVE TO BELIEVE IN A CREATOR WHO'S BEEN WITH US BEYOND TIME, AND WHOS HAS BEEN GIVEN US THE INTELIGENCE WE NOW POSSED !!
To much non subject talk
HAPPY ABOUT YOUR NOBEL PRIZE. BUT... NO MORE ARISTOCRACY... NO MORE PLUTOCRACY... NO MORE KINGS AND QUEENS... CORRUPTION... EQUALITY FOR ALL... EQUAL HOUSING FOR ALL... REDISTRIBUTE WEALTH FROM THE RICH.
what a waste of tax money, who can secure that amount of money to hire certainly can get the prize.
Thought this was about art (not Art). So dumb
The glory of GOD is revealed when such inventions are explored.
- except that god didn't do the inventing! :0)
and there is no such thing as god.