What the Hell Happened to Venus?
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- čas přidán 2. 05. 2024
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Venus resembles our Earth in so many ways, yet in many others it's frightningly different. Was Venus always this way? Could it have once been habitable? And if so, what went wrong? Why did Venus transform to the hellscape we see today? Let's explore the world next door...
Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping. Edited by Jorge Casas. Special thanks to Prof Stephen Kane for fact checking our script.
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REFERENCES
► Weller, M. et al. 2023, "Venus’s atmospheric nitrogen explained by ancient plate tectonics", Nature Astronomy: www.nature.com/articles/s4155...
► Truong, N. & Lunine, J. 2021, "Volcanically extruded phosphides as an abiotic source of Venusian phosphine", PNAS, 118, e2021689118: doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021689118
► Greaves, J. et al. 2021, "Phosphine gas in the cloud decks of Venus", Nature Astronomy, 5, 655: arxiv.org/abs/2009.06593
► Way, M. et al. 2016, "Was Venus the First Habitable World of our Solar System?", Geophysical Research Letters, 43, 8376: arxiv.org/abs/1608.00706
MUSIC
Licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License (creativecommons.org/licenses/...) or with permission from the artist.
0:00 Hill - The Great Alchemist
3:58 Hill - Unhurried
5:31 Hill - World of Wonder
7:27 Chris Zabriskie - Music from Neptune Flux 04
8:40 Hill - A Slowly Lifting Fog
11:07 Falls - Life in Binary
15:38 Hill - Chasing out the Chaos
19:29 Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Seven
23:28 Joachim Heinrich - Y
CHAPTERS
0:00 Not With 10,000 Men...
2:20 The Mysterious World
3:45 Communist Venus
5:34 Incogni
6:59 Venusian Volcanism
8:31 Resurfacing
10:15 92 Bars
12:24 The Outgassing Conundrum
13:41 Lost Oceans
15:30 Was Venus Habitable?
18:09 Venusian Life
21:54 Future Exploration
23:08 Endgame
24:45 Outro & Credits
#Venus #CoolWorlds - Věda a technologie
If Venus and Mars tried harder at school we could have had 3 Earthlike planets. Imagine how much of an incentive space exploration would have if Venus or Mars had a rich biosphere with millions of alien plant and animal species to study, maybe even intelligent life?
I once had a dream Venus was full of Koffing pokemon.
We could terraform them though so that it becomes true.
Hopefully but that's probably long in the future. The gravity shouldn't be a problem since it's almost the same as Earth's.@@DiscipleOfHeavyMeta1
If Venus and Mars was habbitable, we'd have trashed them already. That, or the ultra rich would have set up anew, leaving us behind on a polluted earth. Sad but, true.
It's all fake
4 if Theia wasnt suicidal
Those yellow photos of Venus have stayed in my head ever since, so mysterious and haunting to think that we actually landed a craft there.
You can HEAR the planet to. Look it up. There's audio
Seeing any photo of Venus blows my mind. Imagine going back!
Me too. Seeing them in textbooks in the 90’s I’ve always been fascinated. Venus is still my favorite planet.
One would think Venus would be a Shocking Blue.
@@stevencoardvenicethat sounds scary
It’s interesting to hear the depiction of Venus being a tormented planet instead of an evil twin to earth, a place that simply couldn’t control its own fate rather than actively trying to be hostile
Unless you believe in Gaia Earth theory and the Medean hypothesis, in which case it did.
@therealspeedwagon1451 Bro the what?? 💀 I’ve never heard of that before, pls explain lol
@@Jason-zg4sd so basically people who believe in Gaia Earth theory literally think the Earth and it’s vast rich ecosystems are alive. They believe the planet itself is a giant living organism and a goddess of sorts that is aware of our presence. Medea theory takes that a step further and says that the Earth is actively trying to kill itself and purge life from its surface, be it through mass extinctions or some other way
Sort of makes me look at my girlfriend in a different way too
We are the cause of Venus's problem. We were forced to leave after we destroyed the environment and here we are at again. Won't be any planet hopping this time around.
I never even thought about this but… imagine a solar system like ours but with life on TWO planets simultaneously evolving separately from eachother. Imagine looking at mars satalites for the first time and see animals and trees. Wow
Yes if Mars had life our space program would be far more advanced. After all we'd need to land at least a few hundred thousand troops to make the planet safe for democracy....More if they resist 🤠
@@THX..1138I don't think 2 sapient species would evolve in the same star system
Nice, self loathing for humans and virtue signaling all in one comment. That’s so edgy and cool.
I'm afraid the more advanced civilisation would enslaved a less evolved one. Same if Neanderthals would still exist. I'm afraid to ask what Homo sapiens would do to them. We didn't deserve to be introduced to another planet with life on it.
There could be life on the surface of Titan...
I admit it, it was me. I'm sorry.
The embassy of earth want from the Jupiter government some clarification about the hostile act toward earth which is using Jupiter gravitational field to throw meteors at earth
Who farted?
Erm what the sigma
127 minutes for Venera 13? That's a lot higher than I would have guessed. I'm surprised and impressed.
We can improve on it and develop probes that will last longer
Especially considering how the USSR was, and even after its fall still is, constantly portrayed as a backwards primitive country.
@@matusmotlo3854the USSR was a super power dude......its GDP per capita is still higher then central Asia and Ukraine to this day
@@user-rl8hf8kt1r ...what's your point? Reread my comment.
This paints a nightmarish picture of a world whose plate tectonics ground to a halt prematurely. Maybe life continued as normal for a while, but then half a billion or so years later the magma pressure built up to such an intensity under the entire fused surface that it burst through the lid in a single catastrophic release. It's like that firework display where everything went off at once instead of in sequence. All the volcanic activity that would have happened slowly on Earth over billions of years all happened at the same time, leaving a charred, dead, blown-out world with nary a shred of evidence that it had ever been otherwise.
Tectonic activity is part of the water cycle, so Venus likely lost enough water to halt plate tectonics. And by that point, any life that might have been there would have disappeared long before such a cataclysm occurred.
Part of the difference between earth and venus is because of the loss of oceans. I belive we know the water was gone before the resurfacing. Otherwise we would find rocks that form in the presence of water amongst the ones that scatter the lowlands (the highlands predate that resurfacing)
Also, I don't belive we have any evidence that it... ever had tectonic plates?
That's an interesting theory. The question is this: why did the plate tectonics stop?
When you said "we're incredibly lucky to have a planet like Venus so close by," and gestured off-screen, I half expected you to be like "And here she is, right here in the studio!" Anyway, love your videos, love your energy. Keep it up dude 👍
In our hearts, she is ❤
Venus walks out from behind the curtain a the crowd erupts.
A chant of _"JERRY! JERRY! JERRY!"_ begins.
😂
Venus could have an entire fossil record of life that evolved independently from Earth that could’ve been destroyed during Venus’s runaway greenhouse effect.
If that’s the case that’s such a tragedy for science, imagine what could’ve walked the surface of Venus.
We expect the same fate in 700 million years
If we ever did manage to terraform it's conceivable we could find fossils or structures if they're very deep underground. Chances are phenomenally low but still it would be cool.
Life on earth never went beyond single cells for 3 billion years. I strongly doubt anything ever “walked” on Venus.
@@CoffeeFiend1We wouldn't find anything, Most of Venuses surface is resurfaced
Walked? If there was life on Venus it would’ve been only microbial. Venus went into a runaway greenhouse state way before it could have an oxygenation event like Earth
I had the pleasure of visiting Parkes observatory in New South Wales, Australia. There was an astronomy enthusiast event at the time of our visit. It was a sunny, clear day and one of the enthusiasts pointed out Venus, shining bright in broad daylight. I ended up observing it through a telescope and was stricken by the sight of this amazing planet.
id love that!
That’s so cool 😎
That's how I felt when I saw Saturn in a higher power telescope in a night sky with almost no light pollution. The rings of Saturn were SO vibrant and clear! Seeing that with my own eyes was a life changing moment for me. What an experience.
@@ShogunateDaimyo were you able to see Titan too?
@@KennyG_420 yes I believe it was like a small shadow of a speck moving across the shape of 🪐. Hard to see but I think I recall the astronomer telling us to look for it.
I've often pondered what it would be like if Venus, Earth and Mars had all developed life and were each still thriving. Unfortunately, if there were lifeforms that developed anything like we did and were equally as intelligent and advanced as we are, we'd surely be at war with at least one of the two planets because that's just what we do. And yes, I'm fully aware of how unrealistic that is but, technically, it's not entirely impossible.
Of course, when I get to thinking about that kind of stuff, I like to wonder what it would be like if Venus, for example, was still in the condition to support life and had also developed dinosaurs (but not humans) somehow and hadn't experienced an extinction level event, therefore leaving these hypothetical "dinosaurs" to continue to exist there to this day. Yeah, yeah, that's pretty unrealistic as well for so many reasons, but again, not entirely impossible.
I honestly find these types of things pretty interesting to think about, personally, and even somewhat fun to imagine literally countless scenarios, realistic or not.
Somewhere out there, though, there may very well be a solar system with multiple planets that each developed life in very different ways and the thought of actually seeing that is exciting, even though I'm fully aware that it's not something that I will actually ever get to experience.
We'd lose if it's a 3 way war based on our position in the solar system.
Don’t worry so much a lot is possible so you don’t have to act like you’re foolish for your theories. Dream on my friend
we can't even bloody get on
with other races ON EARTH....
I agree with your fun ideas.
We just don’t know!😊
One interesting thing to note is that in this scenario one of the planets must have developed advanced life first. Most likely millions of years before the others. That means a few things. First of all that civilization must be sustainable and, second off any conflicts they do have internally do not result in their destruction. We also know one other thing, they are ok with another intelligent species existing. Otherwise life on the other planets wouldn't have time to develop a technological civilization before they destroyed it (ie: even half a century ago our civilization would have struggled to survive if martians decided they wanted to rain thousands of nukes on our largest cities, they could have even more easily eradicated our hominid ancestors if they wanted.
So, given that it seems extremely likely that the far older civilization would have time to study and establish communication with the others before they were even remotely a threat to it. Like, the main issue with not being able to decode a alien message kinda evaporates if they're within your backyard and you can slowly build trust through gifts and gather tons of data and video or the local language being used. Once you figure out the proper greetings, know what gifts they like, and learn something like "can you sign/tell me a story" or "can I check out a book" everything becomes way easier.
Let's be honest, the fact that the other civilizations had time to arise is proof enough that they'll avoid some catastrophic war which would wipe out the younger species.
Among the valuable lessons from Venera probes is that #13 is not bad luck, since Venera 13 lasted longest. Just putting that out there…
It would be interesting if there were a time in the past when Venus, Earth, and Mars all had water oceans at the same time.
They did 3.8 billion years, it would have been a sight to behold.
Perhaps one day it will be again.
If we can grow up.
@@novavortex7763 or become -1000000000000 years old
@@novavortex7763I feel like we’re not as far along as we should be by now. Perhaps you’re right.
Having oceans of water doesn't mean that a body is habitable.
Quoting Boromir to explain the severity of Venus.
It’s because of things like this you are amongst my favourite CZcamsrs. And my absolute favourite person on the platform. Skill, knowledge, in-depth research.
passion, emotion and a true love for what you do. You’re a diamond amongst the rough ❤
"Have you heard nothing of what Lord Elrond said? Venus must be visited!"
I can just feel your passion when you speak about different topics. It’s great to see we still have people out there pushing the boundaries of humanity.
The more we study planets like Venus and exoplanets the more it becomes evident how unique the Earth truly is. The Earth too has gone through periods of extreme volcanic activity and yet natural processes on Earth has rebalanced itself to create a happy medium where life continues to flourish. Mars and Venus are also constant reminders of the Earth's fragility and the precariousness of our own existence. As always a beautiful and thought provoking video!
also whatever caused Venus' retrograde rotation didnt help either, something smacked our twin incredibly hard
Earth is not unique, there's billions of galaxies in the universe and there's hundreds of billions of sun like stars alone in the universe, so there's 4 hundreds of billions of Earth like planets in the universe.
It's quite likely some of them harbor life and may arbor life like Earth's.
There's no balance Earth tends to.
Also, life may exist in the underground oceans of the outer icy bodies of the solar system.
One does not simply walk onto Venus
Iv always wondered if Venus had a moon how much different depending on the size and location how much it would be different.
i think there is more to Earth having a moon than most people consider. up to 2/3 of the mass of Thea is believed to have been absorbed by Earth on impact - that means that Earth will have an abnormally large core, providing more heat energy and driving plate tectonics for much longer than the other terrestrial planets. the Moon's gravity also provides gravitic flexing of the Earth's crust that keeps the plates from fusing.
That’s a theory being discussed since is mentioned true moon could influence earth’s plate tectonics due to gravity. Without something pulling and pushing maybe that’s what caused the Venusian plates to stop moving.
Earth Gravity 9.807 m/s²
Venus Gravity 8.87 m/s²
Moons Gravity 1.62 m/s²
Theoretical Venus Moon Gravity 1.3203 m / s²
Moons Distance 384,400 km
Theoretical Venus Moons Distance 313,286 km
Earth Mass 1.00 Earths
Venus Mass 0.815 Earths
Rotation
Spin can be a factor of many things so lets say earth stays 24hours and Venus is about 23.9 / 24.9 hours long
Now plate tectonics is a major factor on earth and it might be another MAJOR reason life was able to get a foot hold by stopping constant eruptions and slowly moving the volcanos away from the hot spots and having calm period's.
And Venus has a slight tilt like us 23.9 Degree say Venus is 23.7 or 24.1
Lets not forget that the planet that help create our moon might of given us our magnetic shield :)
I play around in sandbox games of the universe and Venus was 71% chance of life compared to earths 99% if it was like this in our universe.
Plus the planets rotation direction since if the planet rotates wrong way it effects planet differently like Venus due to the way it goes around the sun it slowed down to spin slower then its year.
If all this besides the spin direction was present I think we would send rovers to Venus and Hell it may still have water of some sort.
@@Drahko12
@@Drahko12 Damn so for a planet to have life as we know it, it has to have a moon, be in a goldilocks zone, have the right kind of star, have nothing go wrong with that for billions of years, etc. I think this might be why we don't see life out there. At least we've got no competition. We also got shit luck with where we are in the galaxy for seeing a lot of stuff, l but that also might have been a blessing.
But hey, that's just a theory...@@ethyl-bromide
This sent chills down my spine I'm not even joking
No matter how hard I try to familiarize myself with space, it still terrifies me sometimes...
And the one thing that legitimately keeps me surprised is that we still haven't found any concrete proof of alien life, we looked SO FAR and yet there's nothing! I can't wrap my head around it... Why and how are we the only sentient life within a theoretically infinite radius, that stuff gives me existential crisis oh god
@@HameleoshaDeHoga There's a dark and sad theory out there:
The theory is the reason why we haven't found intelligent life beyond earth is because they likely already killed themselves off doing the same things we humans do, and that humanity is on the exact same path.
@@chuckycheeser Consider it God telling you something, and refrain from commenting any further. :)
@@chuckycheeser That's all you have to say?
@@chuckycheeser I'm incapable of understanding your point because all I see you doing is running your mouth instead of stating valid arguments. You really shouldn't act like you're the smartest person in the room dude.
Either debate or go live your life. Better to be assumed an idiot than to prove everyone right.
Venus is so amazing. I know we've been very centered on Mars, but there's so much we can learn from Venus. Every planet we investigate will give us that much more of an edge at deciphering exoplanets.
I don't know what it is about Prof. Kipping. It has to be that hypnotizing voice. 😂 Always amazing, thoughtful content explained to perfection. 🎉
The high quality and the way which he explains it makes it so enjoyable.
In my case "hypnotizing" was true. I was listening to one of his videos while I was typing a long email.. my mind wandered and when I snapped out of it, I realised that I had just inadvertently typed the sentence he just spoke! John Michael Godier is another space youtuber I find relaxing to listen to.
@@jpaulc441 A recommendation for History of the Universe, too!
I know right. If he was my professor, I'd have a hard time staying awake in class
Thats a plus. Im here for space stuff first though.
I’ve said it before. This channel should be required viewing for every citizen of this world. It really is the best channel on CZcams that exists. That’s my opinion and I know I’m not alone in that.
Thanks so much
Imagine being forced to watch something you didn't ask for. Seems very totalitarian
@@drockjrbots will do that
@@drockjrI don't think he actually means it
You are so right! Our science denying crazies need mandatory science classes. Civics ,too.
Sean Bean's rendition of Boromir's horrifying description of Mordor, addressed to the Fellowship in Rivendell, is so appropriate, so gripping, so authentic. What a great actor -- the finest Sheffield steel!
Remember, next time you look up at the night sky and see Venus. It's the closest you'll ever be to another planet in your whole entire life.
Very true.
Unless you're an astronaut
@@TheDiamondBladeHD true
The Astronaut reading this comment: Hold my beer 🍺
Sometimes, Mercury or Mars will be closer. But yes.
Someone left the stove on...
Another beautiful, haunting video. Venus is a fascinating world - such a beautiful name and appearance, for what turned out to be such a hellish landscape. I wonder what caused it to rotate backwards?
It probably got hit by a very fast asteroid from outside the solar system that stopped and inverted its rotation, enflamed its atmosphere and cracked its surface letting all lava out.
it's 2023. venus can rotate anyway they want
Pure brimstone Evil made it turn unnaturally.
@@tangerinetomorrowsSince she’s spinning about 1.6 times faster than us around Sol, it’s more like the year 3281 on Venus
Daylight Savings Time.
I’ve always been intrigued by Venus. There are so many questions and terrible conditions that try to stop us from finding answers. Thank you for this awesome video.
Another great video, as always! Just want to point out that there’s a private mission to Venus coming up in early 2025, called the Venus Life Finder. Looks like it’s a partnership between Rocket Lab and MIT’s Morning Star series of missions. They’ll dangle something called an autofluorescence nephelometer to detect organic compounds in the clouds.
Sounds great, let’s scrap the NASA missions and pour billions of tax dollars into this eventual bankruptcy of a scam. Private ventures ruined space.
common mit w
I've just watched The Fellowship of the Ring on cinemas less an hour ago and I definitely didn't expect to see a part from that movie again
All your videos are very well put together and always leave me with food for thought. Thanks for the content
Gotta bust on the ad content tho: some of us remember when, once a year a book mysteriously appeared on our doorsteps with the NAME, ADDRESS and, gasp PHONE NUMBER of EVERY HOUSEHOLD IN TOWN!
It was the humble telephone directory. Today people would LOSE THEIR SH!T at such temerity. 😂😂😂
I think you a word.
“ Food for thought”.. Sadly, It’s All Junk food. Worse as it’s not even Real Food..
@@0Logan05 Is anything real? What we call earth is likely a moon
@@RAK37 wtf are you talking about lol earth is not a moon
One of the views of the Electric Universe is that Venus is actually a fairly new planet having recently been ejected by Jupiter. That would explain the toxic atmosphere and so forth.
Interesting
Is it possible that the key difference between Venus and Earth is that Earth happened to evolve not just photosynthetic life, but also life forms that create calcium carbonate (limestone), and Venus didn't? I'm not talking about the Gaia hypothesis per se, just the idea that Earth got lucky: the life which evolved on it happened to stabilize its temperature as the sun got brighter.
Relatedly, it would be really cool if you could do a video on the silicate-carbonate cycle sometime. On Earth, there's about 10,000 times as much carbon locked up in limestone and other sedimentary rocks as there is in fossil fuels, and about 100,000 times as much in sedimentary rocks as in the atmosphere. My guess is that no planet around a sun-like star could remain habitable over the long term without a functioning silicate-carbonate cycle, but I'd love to hear your take on it!
Outstanding video… answered quite a few questions that I’ve been too lazy to look up for years. I look at Venus everyday and contemplate… and doing so has enabled me to grasp how ancient people assumed these bodies to be deities. It’s a cool world. 😆
this pic of Venus surface has haunted me since i was a kid.
What a refreshing change from all the click-bait "science" content on youtube. Glad I found your channel.
It's a bit creepy to imagine early life forms evolving on early venus at roughly the same time as was happening on earth, and then they just...never continued. Their planet, their home, just became hotter and drier for hundreds of millions of years until it became uninhabitable. It's creepy to imagine what early venus looked like, knowing what would become of it eventually.
Venus reminds me that life is short. We must work hard and cherish every moment, as everything eventually comes to an end. I loved the video! I understand that your schedule is quite busy, but I kindly request that you consider sharing at least one more video before 2024. Even a shorter video would be greatly appreciated. Thank you for sharing such an insightful video.
Venus is billions of years old.
Will do!
life is short compared to what we can conceive of, but not that short. I bet if we had lifespans of 200 years, even keeping our youth, many of us would suicide out of extreme boredom and, as Anne Rice calls it, "Ennui". Life is short, but life also sucks. And I'm only in my 50s
@squirlmy I often think about Lestat's burying himself for years when he was exhausted. I was really horrified by the idea when I first read about it at around age 13 but every year (I'm 37) the idea makes more sense and begins to seem like a comfort. The thought of finally being able to exhale, to rest becomes the dream in the end
@@squirlmy Nah its like gravity the Earth sucks.
Your videos have ignited a passion for science and the mysteries of the universe within me. Thank you for being such an incredible source of inspiration.
You talk about Venus as the anomaly that went wrong, comparing it to Earth.
Might be the other way around.
The gigantic impact that created the Moon has sent to space a big part of our mantle, which had a short opportunity to outgas a lot before falling back on Earth. That is something quite obvious in the Moon sample brought back by Apollo. Without it, the Earth volcanism, atmosphere and ocean level could have been very unlike what we experience today.
"The gigantic impact that created the Moon has sent to space a big part of our mantle"False.
The Moon formed from the both part of the mass of proto-Earth and Theia.
"Without it, the Earth volcanism, atmosphere and ocean level could have been very unlike what we experience today"
Earth already had an atmosphere and was volcanically active and likely already had oceans when the impact happened.
Man I always leave these videos wanting to study these subjects more. Thanks for the content Prof. Kipping and the rest of the CoolWorlds team :)
Don't gloat.
What the Hell happened to Venus? Idk. But now I’m going to find out
Did you figure it out
Never has there been a time where the words of Tolkien were more beautifully and effectively used
I read one a theory about the resurface event:
Venus had oceans, but they started to evaporate. As water is a even more potent greenhouse gas, the planet heated even quicker. This basically lead to temperature so high that the crust melted. The water in the atmosphere than reacted with the lave ocean, thus splitting it in hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen reacted with the molten rock, and the hydrogen left into space.
"This basically lead to temperature so high that the crust melted"
This is nonsense.
There's not enough energy available for that to happen.
The melting point of rocks on average is 1200 °C.
A planet crust could melted to such an extent only when it receives energy: that can only happen either through intense tidal heating ( by being in a very elliptical orbit around a star with a massive planet nearby) or being orbiting so close that the radiation heats the rock to such an extent that they melt.
And if that happened to Venus as you suggest, most of its atmosphere would have evaporated and lost to space.
Venus would be severy depleted of volatiles, not just water.
"The water in the atmosphere than reacted with the lave ocean, thus splitting it in hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen reacted with the molten rock, and the hydrogen left into space"
Except you need temperatures up to 2000 °C to decompose water.
Hot rock doesn't react with water, hot rock is not a metal and it can't form oxydes, especially because crustal rocks are mostly made of silicates and other oxydated material.
In reality, the water was photodissociated and the free oxygen reacted with carbon.
It is interesting to consider the idea of living things in the clouds of Venus. Have you considered the possibility that it might reside underground instead? Maybe there are water reservoirs beneath the surface like on Earth, and life has been able to survive the hostile surface through avoiding it entirely. Just a thought.
This is a fantastic channel, keep it up
Fascinating and engaging stuff, as usual. Thanks Dr. Kipping for putting together these thought provoking videos, please keep them coming, my favorite channel on You Tube, and I watch a lot of stuff!! ♥🌎
you are so darn good. I've watched a number of other programs about Venus but yours is always so much more in-depth and easy to understand
The lesson is. If we can terraform venus, the universe is ours.
You have such a great channel here. Great job and keep up the hard work!
after watching this, I do believe that if there's ever a movie made about humans landing on Venus, it's going to star Sean Bean
I wonder if Venus would be easier to terraform than Mars. At least there are lot of raw materials in the atmosphere. I also wonder if it has any metals or fissile elements on or near the surface.
A fascinating investigation, beautifully made and narrated. Thank you very much for this upload!
👍
Hello Dr. Kipping‼️ Justin Hays here, watching from Huntsville, AL. Better known as "The Rocket 🚀 City" and home of the U.S. Space and Rocket Center. Just wanted to say thank you for your work and for sharing your content here. I'm a huge fan and your channel is absolutely one of my favorites on CZcams. Keep up the great work. You Rock Man‼️ Stay Cool 😎
My family is in Huntsville, been there many times. Small world 🌎
That's awesome. We love our hometown!
My cousins ex-boyfriend had an uncle who went to school with a guy who had a dream that he drove through Huntsville once. Small world, isn't it? Small world 🌎.
@@scottlangley5596 lol that doesn't count. thanks for the chuckle tho I needed that. :)
I’ve always been so fascinated with Venus. Endless questions and curiosities. I do hope that we see more missions to our evil twin planet.
I've only just discovered your gem of a channel and I'm already hooked. Amazing, educational and such well put together videos! Awesome stuff!
Easily the best and most vivid description of the nature of the Venusian history, surface, and atmosphere available. So appreciate your passionate presentation of the material; captivating to the last moment. Thanks for such an accurate, well-designed, and executed video.
I'm very glad there's new missions planned. We need to answer the phosphine question for one, but there's so many things we can learn from our disruptive twin
You are both scientist and poet. A million thanks for your incredible videos ❤
Is it somehow paradoxical that a channel called "Cool Worlds" reports on Venus, which is the warmest planet in the entire Sol system...?
Venus has always deeply fascinated me, and I'm glad it's finally getting the attention it deserves again. Your smooth voice delivering eloquent poetic prose about it is an extra bonus.
I felt it was pertinent to mention that Earth has a moon, and a large one, and Venus does not? Seems like that’s a vital point when comparing the two
Interesting and true for sure, but I don’t think this directly adds to the explanation of how Venus diverged from us. Venus doesn’t have a tilted obliquity or anything so we can’t claim a large moon would have helped in any way.
Bro wtf, I was reading Wikipedia's article on Terraforming Venus and its many Colonization options....talk about perfect timing
Venus doesn’t have the constant gentle tug of our large moon over millions of years, slowly pulling life up out of its crust.
Like Earth.
0:45 I think John Gray knew what he was doing when he wrote the book "Men are from Mars, women are from Venus" 😀
If our simulations for slow rotators is correct then Venus must have boiled off before slowing down, else it would likely be very habitable right now.
Also interesting to notice Venus is dramatically enriched in neon and especially nitrogen compared to the Earth, even accounting for the different oxidation state it would have if it had oceans and free oxygen (which would have trapped maybe 1-2 bars of N2 in the crust).
A denser N2 atmosphere might either have helped warm the planet through band widening or cooled it through Rayleigh scattering (hard to predict) but I doubt it would have been relevant to trigger the runaway greenhouse.
Anyway, this makes me think the Earth lost a lot of volatiles during the Theia impact.
Venus also suffered giant impacts like Earth and yet its atmosphere is thicker than Earth's.
Venus is probably my favorite celestial body in the solar system. The fact that terrestrial planets all have the potential of going the route of Venus, while simultaneously remaining such a mystery to us, is endlessly fascinating to me.
Amazing job as always with this video! A cautionary tale of the state of our place in existence. Also so many mysteries to unravel, appreciate, and learn from.
It’s remarkable to think that the gaseous atmosphere is that heavy that it’s worse than having a liquid like water exert many tons of pressure at depth. It’s just hard to fathom how a gaseous atmosphere could even do that. One would think it’s just not possible and that it would require a liquid to transfer that much force. Incredible!
it’s just density. Normal Scuba tanks are pressurized 200 + bar
Venus atmosphere is only 92 bars of pressure.
Also I think the US Navy put some sailors under equivalent 600m depth of pressure. That’s 60 bar.
"One would think it’s just not possible and that it would require a liquid to transfer that much force"
Or maybe, since the atmosphere is thicker than Earth's, it's also more massive.
Since pressure is Force over surface, it doesn't take a lot to realize that if you have more mass over a given surface, then you have more pressure, since the weight aka the force is bigger.
Also, it takes 100 km of that mixture of gases to generate a pressure of 92 atm.
It takes 1 km of water to do the same.
100 km of water will have much much more pressure than 100 km of gases, since water is denser.
Yes!!! After waiting what seems to be forever another great video!! Thank you :) Going to rewatch this one again and again like all the others!
This is one channel I eagerly await new videos from. I don't do that for very many channels at all. Also, your appearance on Lex Fridman's podcast blew up! It had like 5.9m views iirc last I checked, that's so awesome!
Oh I hadn’t checked, that’s cool. Maybe I’ll get invited back on some day!
I as always love and appreciate your content. Some of the best out there.
Another fascinating upload from Professor Kipping.
Venus seemed to be a kind of last hope on my terraforming list after Mars was portrayed as being
too broken for this to take place there.
Now the good Professor has removed all hope of terraforming Venus.
Perhaps the whole idea of Terraforming is simply beyond us. Once a system is ruined by a catastrophic
event, as with both Mars and Venus with their planet killing collisions, it is too late to do anything about it.
Venus is a great educational tool perhaps put there by the great Engineer for our education. It is telling us
that the habitable zone, or the idea of it, is never going to be enough and Earth like planets are going to be
so rare as to be impossible to find given the vastness of the universe. We are truly alone.
Very grateful for this video dropping on Sunday, when I could enjoy it and immerse myself into it to the fullest.
Just 1 Question.
Isn't our moon gravitational effect on Earth also a significant factor in keeping our tectonic plates from solidifying?
Tidal heating from the Moon is just around 3 TW, which is small compared to the Earth's internal heat budget at more than 48 TW.
But since that heat is mostly dissipated in the upper mantle, it could have weakened the lithosphere enough to help/hinder plate tectonics back when or if the Moon was much closer.
I believe that Venus was exactly like Earth; it even had a 'moon'.
Whatever struck Venus, it was powerful enough to alter its rotation, and send it's moon into another orbit.
That moon became the planet Mercury. 😐
Cool hypothesis
Get some funding, run some computer experiments, and find out. However mercury is large enough that Venus and mercury would probably be tidally locked to each other like Charon and Pluto
What you believe is nonsense.
It's pretty clear that Mercury was accreted from material orbiting the Sun closer than Venus.
Also, a giant impact wouldn't supply enough energy to an hypothetical moons of Venus to escape Venus' gravity and end up in an orbit around the Sun at such a distance.
If Venus had a moon and suffered a giant impact that made it retrograde, then the moon would have been tidally decelerated and impacted Venus.
@@yancgc5098 No it isn't, it's a dumb hypothesis.
This video is brilliantly written, produced, and hosted! I just want to thank you for a video that has visited a sense of wonder upon a jaded old man like myself! I now want to see Venus in pictures, videos, and every type of analyses! Thank you again!
offtopic but i had to say it
you would be amazing as a voice actor for the gman from half life
you just have that kind of voice that hooks people in to listening to every single word
Would be fun!
What’s crazy is we could easily have an outpost in the clouds of Venus
Could the life exist in the atmosphere. It seems like your going to answer my question as I type it. I was so cool for like 10, maybe 12 seconds.
Professor Kipping and your Cool Worlds crew, thanks for another excellent video.
Off this subject. Is the new European space telescope array going to be a way for you to look for moons. I hope it is.
Thanks again.
I absolutely HATE it when people say things like this:
"Nobody really imagined how much worse it was when the Mariner space probe made its approach in 1962"
Bullsht. Someone actually DID imagine. And that person said as much. And the consensus rejected this assertion, without evidence, and even staged an attack on this person in an attempt to impune his character publicly, though they failed and only served to STRENGTHEN the original claim.
The person who rightfully imagined the actual conditions of Venus was Immanuel Velikovsky.
And the attack that failed was led by Carl Sagen.
But Velikovsky developed his notions about Venus in 1949, and published this theory in 1950 in a book called "Worlds in Collision".
The central thesis is that our present Sun was not our original Sun. Originally, what was called "Ra" by the earliest Egyptians was interchangeable with "Saturn", not the Sun. Though this era actually predates written history.
The first Egyptian writings were recording an earlier oral tradition. Yet, by the time that this was first recorded, this era was already long over.
Further elaborating, Velikovsky unearthed what he felt was a code left by some of our earliest ancestors. And across the globe, virtually ALL myths speak about a "before time", which both referred to an earlier era, but also meant before "time", or before the counting of days.
Nearly all early myths globally also focus on water, sometimes even referred to as a mist, a haze or a fog, and then the transition to the time when the counting of days began, or the beginning of time. This usually coincides with a separation between the waters and the land, from the previous ambiguous state.
With a reference to the similarities between myths globally, Velikovsky reached the conclusion that Earth was a planetary body that orbited Saturn, and Saturn was a Brown Dwarf star.
The earliest myths describe a point within human history, but before recorded history and the rise of civilizations, when the Saturnian system became gravitationally captured by our present day Sun, and the spectacular upheaval that resulted from this event.
But this idea was so disturbing to the Cosmological community and their fundamental claims about the formation of the planets, all at the same time, all from the accretion disc of the Sun, that they flatly rejected it.
However, as a result of this catastrophic realignment of our planets within a new gravitational regime, Velikovsky stated that in an effort to suddenly adapt to these major gravitational changes, Venus initially did not exist. It instead was a huge chunk of mass ripped out of Saturn in Saturn's attempt to reach gravitational equilibrium.
Venus, he said, was actually a new planet.
The people who attacked Velikovsky's theory predicted that Venus, as a member of our solar system with an age equivalent to Earth, would have a surface temperature that was roughly equivalent to that of Earth. Perhaps a bit hotter due to its proximity to the Sun.
But Velikovsky predicted, based on his hypothesis, that Venus was not just hot, it was very hot. If I recall, I think that his prediction was in the neighborhood of 600 degrees Fahrenheit.
THAT'S where this story ACTUALLY begins, because there WAS someone who imagined the inhospitable state of Venus, including its extreme temperature, although it was actually hotter by about 200 degrees Fahrenheit than even Velikovsky predicted.
Velikovsky also made some predictions about atmospheric conditions. But what is truly remarkable is other things that we have only recently discovered.
For example, if the earliest myths describe Saturn as our original Sun, then we would have been orbiting through the mist of what are now Saturn's ice rings.
The stunning revelation that I believe was first made last year is, due to its current position in the solar system, the water of Saturn's rings should be different from the type of water that we have on Earth.
Amazingly, we have found that Saturn's water is identical to the water on Earth.
Another very obvious point of agreement with the hypothesis is that of gravity. At the time that the vast array of dinosaur bones were discovered in the early Americas, the first Paleontologists knew, it was obvious that creatures of such mass could not exist with the gravity that we experience today.
Even Leonardo Da Vinci has a calculation that shows the extreme bone mass that would be required to sustain the body of such a massive creature, and the proportions are absurd and certainly don't match the dinosaur remains that have been found.
So, just at the most basic level, our present day gravity is too great to allow for the existence of the dinosaurs. At some point, the gravity on Earth had to have changed.
Other prehistoric evidence exists of this planetary redistribution, but that is an even longer story. Just search for "Anthony Peratt Plasma Petraglyphs" - This is an amazing discovery that was made, I believe in 2006, that virtually no one knows about.
This discovery reveals tons about our history. It explains the myth of Jacobs Ladder, Stonehenge and so much more. Even the formation of the Grand Canyon.
But yes. If you allow for the possibility of Velikovsky's theory, then everything about Venus not only makes sense, it makes reliable predictions. And THAT is exactly what Science is all about...
Oh wow, you actually cited your sources. I was skeptical that you would, as so many channels like this one just AI generate everything.
But you seem to have actually put in effort! And I'm pleasantly surprised.
Thanks for another terrific presentation, David. Putting together Venus's retrograde orbit, young surface and huge amount of outgassed CO², a catastrophic giant impact seems most likely. Venus may have been a more reasonable world before being hit by a protoplanet. If true, it would suggest that giant impacts don't have predictable outcomes, and can yield either "trash" or "treasure".
When I was young, I had so many dreams about what might be found on the Moon, Venus and Mars. I was gutted to learn that they were all utterly desolate. It was even worse than finding out that Santa and God were just myths. I'd look hopefully into the sky, unaware that interstellar craft won't have air traffic control lights, that biology and space do not get along, that the absurd distances make interstellar travel physically highly unlikely and economically unviable, a luxury only possible for GAI, if that.
I still miss Moon men, Venusian jungles, Martian canal builders and flying saucers.
I personally think you don’t need a moon or impact involved. It’s close enough for tidal locking, but the thick atmosphere prevents a perfect lock. The planet was habitable but then the warming Sun plus building CO2 removed the oceans. No significant life to draw down CO2. Plate tectonics shut off without water and then we head to modern Venus with the stagnant lid. The stagnant lid blows about 500Myr ago giving us today. That story seems to fit well to me.
@@CoolWorldsLab I had heard Venus radiates quite a bit more heat than is absorbs from the sun. Combined with the so called resurfacing event or events I'd bet on an impact....On the other hand without more data either I'd probably just hang on to my money.
Woah, woah, woah. The spirit of Santa lives in all of us. Just like God or the Easter bunny and Jesus or whatever else.
Don’t be so closed minded and literal. Conscious Life arose from matter that arose from nothingness . That’s pretty close to a universe being a god or at the very least a creator without intent.
Lighten up and learn how to have fun with the way these things take a life on of their own through our collective actions to represent something good versus things that are bad. In such a crazy and brutal world / existence, it’s still a miracle we are even here to contemplate it at all. We’re all extreme lottery winners on a nearly unfathomable scale.
Reality alone should evoke a religious like experience for us all considering the likelihood of not existing at all, let alone our being conscious.
@@austinmajors8196 its not they only want science to awnser why, they want facts, not mumbo jumbo
😂 Welcome to reality, its a surprise we're here
Wow what a great documentary. Thanks! Can’t wait for your next one!
What a wonderful and educative video. Many thanks! Just an off-the-cuff idea: it would be interesting to know the isotopic composition of the crust/rocks/solid matter. I wonder whether we would find that Venus was disproportionately composed of particular radioactive material, the decay or reactions of which could account for the unusual proportion of deuterium being found?
Here's one to ponder. What if indeed earth was nearer to the sun with much higher temperatures and no chance of life but the collision that created our moon nudged us further away.
Been waiting too damn long for this one. These videos make me wanna bust
This was such a cool and well researched video. Subscribed!
I always thought Venus was under appreciated planet - mars gets all the glam.
My thoughts exactly
I feel like Mars gets so much attention I would love to see a mission to Venus. The amount of new think we would learn would probably be crazy.
thank you for opening my world by your generous gift of your podcasts...your channel is a telescope to our wonderous universe
COOL WORLDS DAYS ARE THE BEST DAYS!
💯
Thank you professor. The video was amazing as always!!! Your content is the best!!!
"As if never having existed at all"
Our fate.
Can you imagine Andy Weir writing "The Venusian"? The book would be over after the habitat accident.
venus?? more like penus am i right ahahaha
I imagine how our lives, our civilization and society will be if mars and Venus has life with its own advanced alien civilization. Is profoundly disturbing and exciting how things would have been in that timeline. For now both are like the video ended a window into the future of Earth once the sun transforms this planet
@Drahno12 H.G Wells "War of the Worlds" was pretty much that scenario imagined a long time ago.
I feel genuinely sad that some people think space is a hoax. How sad and draining their life must be, that anything amazing or alien must be fake. It must also be exhausting to constantly have to make up excuses for why these things aren't real. I can't understand why these people do it, or what they gain from lying to themselves.
To be at the mercy of the awe of the universe and its many amazing celestial bodies, has got to be better than any false sense of smugness and stability these nutcases feel.
Oh WOW. What a brilliant story. I'm not sure how you've done it but you've made this both educational and interesting. Bravo.
Can you compute the temp of Venus if the gas in its dense atmosphere was not CO2, nor any other 'greenhouse' gas but just followed the universal laws of any gas? I think even argon or xenon at those pressures would mean the surface would be really hot just due to compression, wouldn't it?
No.
It would not be as hot.
Hello cool worlds man! This video makes my closing shift worth it.
Good LORD this is some high quality material.
I challenge anyone from TV to produce something like this.
This might be some of CZcams's absolute finest content. This belongs on REWIND!
🙏
Venus is so under-discussed, I've never heard of any of this information. Holy volcanoes, man. Thanks for doing what you do 💪