The 16 Most Asked Questions About Magnets
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- čas přidán 4. 06. 2024
- Magnets - how DO they work? We've got the answer for you, plus a bunch of weird fun magnet facts - where they got their names, why hitting some stuff with a hammer can turn it into magnets, and even why we feed magnets to cows, on purpose.
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• How Does an MRI Scan W...
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Here's a wholesome anecdote: An 80+ yo aunt of mine had to go through subcraneal surgery for removing a brain tumor. The doctors explained how the procedure was and that they would have to put bolts and (I believe) a metal plaque to secure the skull after removing the mass. Some weeks after, when we asked her how she was and if felt anything for having metal in the head she laughed and told us "Nah, doctors were just joking, that's impossible"; we were shocked and she proceeded to grab a magnet from the fridge, pass it around her head and explain us "If I had metal in the head, the magnet would stick." We smiled and noone tried to explain her that titanium is barely magnetic, because she was very aprehensive about having, literally, her head open.
I have a piece of medical hardware in my body that controls the flow of a specific type of circulated fluid (I'm being vague to keep from getting too technical). The valve that controls the amount of flow is very loosely magnetic and my doctor can take a specific strength magnet and adjust how open or closed the valve is just by touching it to my skin. This eliminates the need for additional surgeries. It's quite ingenious, actually.
Whoa, that's amazing!!!
what if you're near a large magnet?
@@Gocunt I'm sure the magnet would screw with it. I've never tried placing a neodymium magnet on the spot (that would be stupid to test), but I have it in my medical records that I can't get an MRI scan of any part of my body.
That sounds dangerous, what if someone prank opened your valve from outside?
@@osiris1102 A "prank"? I can't imagine anyone that I have ever known trying that just for the fun of it, and it's not like I have an arrow pointing at it "Press magnet here." 😆 I have had it for a dozen years without any problems, it takes more than just a refrigerator magnet to affect it, and I would just go back to my doctor to adjust it again. Closing the valve isn't death.
The main reason for administering cow magnets to cows was the due use of bailing wire which has now been replaced by plastic bailing twine and why this practice has been almost forgotten. The magnet would hold the small bits of bailing wire in the cows "first stomach" the Rumen and save the animal from damage that result from the wire traveling further through the digestive process.
The practice of.giving.cows magnets is not completely dead litter being major problem - problem is much of it is aluminum, plastic, or glass which magnet doesn't collect
We still use it in our cows because there are always loose bits and pieces on the farm.
Makes me wonder how much plastic the average cow eats …
@rolfs2165 They eat every bit of plastic that is in front of them. I had a hunting lease where the land owner also ran cattle. Anything plastic was chewed on by the cows. Wires, buckets, chairs, ropes, bags, tarps. Anything. They seemed to search it out.
The rumen is the last stomach. The Reticulum or honeycomb is the first. It is to filter food as it enters the digestive system. That is why the magnet (and iron) stay there and not pooped out. Metal would also be filtered out, but it would float around in the reticulum and possibly cut the walls. The magnet holds the metal pieces and reduces the chance of movement and cutting. It is also not just pastured cattle. I've seen large magnets on feed processing equipment (like grinders and mixers).
Loved this longer rapid fire question/answer format. Should do these more often :)
if you don't get your magnets from the Magnesia region of Greece, they're just sparkling metals
Ah I see, the classic champagne dilemma
Underrated comment
12:07 ooooo, I’ve undergone Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). It was incredibly helpful in reducing my treatment resistant depression! the magnetic field is about the strength of an mri.
It’s a little spooky when you’re doing it, because they can make your arm/hand/fingers move by pulsing something into your brain. If I remember correctly as well, the mechanism that makes TMS work as a treatment for mental illnesses is rather poorly understood.
Super cool 💕
I was recently offered TMS! I'm not on it yet, but may start in a few months if I need to. Very very interesting treatment
@@Misstborn I hope if you end up doing it, that it works for you ❤️. It was life changing for me. I’m also sorry that you’re in a position where it’s being considered. The fight is often long, but worthwhile.
Yellow food coloring causes depression that would create resistant depression doesn't matter what you take or do when you keep exposing yourself to what's causing it before you poison yourself with pills like a good little sheep does for the government and big pharma cut out food coloring first and it can take weeks for the food coloring to get out of your system and be careful it's in everything because the intent is to poison the American people
I've had it for both my depression and anxiety. The do have to switch sides for it to work on the separate issues. I still have to see a therapist and take meds, but I finally saw progress.
I have wondered if TMS could help those suffering long term/permanent antidepressant withdrawal syndrome? Since people like myself where the very meds that where suppose to help have left us disabled and we can't take any drug what so ever to help with the symptoms because it makes the condition much worse.
I know it's not breaking news at this point. But I would like to say, that those new backgrounds are amazing.
Oh man, I was gonna say they're really interesting but I strongly dislike 😅
@@CWorgen5732 this one in specific is not good I think. But it is more interesting when they do a video in a real background not just an obviously green screen.
I liked it.
I really enjoyed this Q&A format!
I think they should make a series out of it.
Back in the 80's I did some tests with floppies to check how "fragile" they were, one was sticking one on the fridge with a fridge magnet. I do not remember how long I left it there but I do remember it did not lose its data. Those were one sided 160K floppies, it's possible that this low density helped their reliability.
Guess we could compare the field energy of a fridge magnet vs the floppy drives writing and reading hardware
I've tried this on some regular 1.44meg floppies and it corrupted a good amount of them, the key was iirc was the move a strong magnet over the surface back and forth like you would to magnetise a screw driver. Also cassette tapes wiped instantly when you wound the tap with a magnet in place of where the head goes, same as VHS. But even bringing the magnet over the cassette housing on the side was enough to lose the volume in most cases but not wipe the content completely.
Floppy discs works a bit like magnetic viewing film - changing fields change the pattern.
Sticking a floppy onto a fridge and leaving it there won't change the fields a whole lot, so the pattern just remain the same.
If you had moved the magnet around in circles, zig-zagging, etc - the data would have been literally wiped away
I was really, really good at zapping floppies and data tapes due to my body holding Alegre amounts of electric static once it reached a set number I could zap things. The company I use to work for had to get experts in to test the building we were in because when we moved into it I started zapping the magnetic keys that opened all the security doors. I had to make the programmers place their data disc or tapes on the desk, I refused to take them out of their hands because 1, each time I zapped anything it left burn marks on the tips if my fingers and it hurts like hell, 2, if the static charge was big enough it either scrambled the data or wiped it clean as if there was nothing on it to start with.
The guys got me to walk up and down the hall ways and other places within the new building and they were shocked that I had not self combusted going by the data they were getting off me. I had to wear a special anklet which kept my skin connected to the ground 24/7 while in the office. Every security door had to have a zapping plate on the wall that I had to touch first before inserting the magnetic key card. My watch is meant to be charged every 7 days 😹😹😹I put it on to charge on average every 4-5 weeks. All my clothes had to be sprayed with a special solution after each time they were washed so that it stopped them from contributing to my electrifying personality 😹😹😹
One day when my boss had a new guy start working for us never believed the guys when they told him about me, well we were all called into a meeting with the boss and the new guy would not place the company cars keys on the table because he had been told I must take them to to ensure that I had received them 🙄🙄 so as I reached for the dam keys there was a blue/which static discharge that happened between us, I think it was the dam sound that I heard that freaked me the most, as I grabbed the darn keys he was dangling from his hand, the next thing I knew I was flying across the dam room slamming into the office window (thank goodness it was over and inch thick) when I came too the idiots face was white as a ghost, turned out he lied because he did not believe everyone about my issue with static build up, the hand that I had grabbed the metal keys with, you could see the an imprint burnt into palm of my hand. I had not had the chance to put the dam anklet on when I got into the office.
The guy never came near me again the whole time I was working there after that day. He even went as far as moving his things from the desk next to me to a different work station.
Even after all those years I still have issues with brand new buildings, for some reason they seem to boast my static issues every time.
I can feel the electricity running through the wiring when it is powering up lamps, computers and anything electrical. I can run my finger along the edge of my iPad while it is plugged into the mains and feel the ripple of the electric field all around the iPad the minute I pull the plug it vanishes. It’s the same with those flat screen TV’s I can feel the rippling of the electric field while it’s turned on. Once the power is off the rippling affect is gone.
Having an MRI is a pain because it feels like I have become a lightning rod my hair has to be tied into a ponytail as it starts to fan out, I can feel every single strand of hair on my body standing up as I go through the machine. The same thing happens when I walk through the metal detecting machine.
Insane Clown Posse are going to LOOOOOOVE this video...
I don't wanna ask a scientist.
I only clicked this video to see how far I had to scroll to find an ICP reference. I didn’t even start the video before I saw this.
@@thecodemachine Y'all motherf*ckers lyin', and gettin' me pissed
@justincraig398 So, I'm an ICP fan, but I can't call myself a Juggalo! Lol... so please explain!? I searched, but obviously, I had an axe in my brain or something! 😅
@@MichaelOKCsame
Now all I know about magnets is this, give me a glass of water, let me drop it on the magnets, that's the end of the magnets.
A note on the computer part. Most computer I made in the last 5 years are not using magnetic storage and will not be affected by magnetic. Also old tube tv/monitors use a CRT (cathode ray tub) and magnetic fields can cause issues with these devices. Otherwise magnetics are safe for use around computer and you don't have to worry about them.
Introducing a strong magnet can create small voltages, which may travel over electronic circuits and cause damage. To damage an SSD, you would need a tremendous change in magnetic flux - and I have proven this by putting a SSD in an MRI machine. So, under most normal circumstances you are right but, there is always some crazy person like me to mess things up.
Oh my god! My big brother had a cow magnet we used to play with as a kid. I was told what it was for but always kinda thought it was my brother trying to BS me. Thanks for the memory Sci Show
7:06 - Neutron stars are also often thought to have very intense magnetic fields that dwarf those of even are strongest magnets.
9:18 - This one is historical. Magnets _used_ to be really bad for computers because one important storage media was floppy disks. Floppy disks use plastic coated with magnetized iron dust to store stuff. So a magnet near a floppy disk would have the tendency to scramble the information. This is not a problem with USB sticks. And hard-drives (which do use magnetized iron dust as well) have a big metal shell around them that tends to block out external magnetic fields. So magnets are not nearly so bad for computers as they used to be. Oh... one other thing, magnets used to play havoc with CRT screens because those screens use magnetic fields to direct the electron beams. Again, we don't really use CRT screens anymore.
Long ago, when I worked tech support and most monitors were CRT, this guy called and said, "I have a big purple streak across the top of my monitor."
I asked, "What's on top of your monitor?"
He replied, "A subwoofer."
I said, "Well, why don't we take that off?"
One of the easiest calls I ever had,
... Hard drives where still the number one concern. We just do not use hard dives much if at all anymore and hard drives have came a long way.
Floppy disks where just portable hard drive platters.
Computers also *used* to use magentic storage for ram. And some CPU's still do use magnets for thier internal cache, nothing is faster to read then the direction of magnitation its litteraly the speed of single propagation in a wire. Its also a lot physically bigger and slower to write to.
Back in the day My Little Ponies had a weak magnet in one hoof (not sure why). I used to run mine over the tv screen watching them change the colors. Simpler times!
I'd have been trying to sneak some "magnets, how do they work?" jokes in constantly, but even during the "How do magnets work?" section, the closest I could find was Stefan smiling right after the question was shown.
What?
@@demonflowerchild nothing, I guess.
I got the ICP reference :)
Best friend just completed a course of TMS. Definitely worth it for them. They are now able to feel like continuing to live is worth it for the first time in their memory.
I've wanted to try TMS for a while now. The main problem is that I would have to have transportation, five days per week, for six-seven weeks. There's no way with my current mental state that I would be able to make it to 30 or more appointments, even if I had the transportation. Hopefully, the Stanford SAINT version will be available in my area soon.
If you've ever seen those hexagonal-shaped grooves etched into the surface of the street at a traffic light, that's part of the system that signals the presence of a vehicle at the intersection. There a coil of wire embedded in the asphalt, with a small electrical current running through it, connected to the traffic light control box. When a vehicle moves over the loop, the metal in the vehicle interacts with the electrical current (you've basically created an electromagnet with your car) and the traffic control box detects this interaction (the electrical resistance increases when there's metal near the loop). This triggers the traffic light to start the cycle to change to green.
This videos where you answer the most common searched questions on google should become a stable thing in the channel. Keep up the good work!
As somebody that's wiped a hard drive with a magnet it doesn't quite need MRI strength. You can definitely do it with neodymium especially if it's in a laptop.
Did this once out of spite after someone threw my own hard drive
There's a motor nearly in all home appliances be it fridge, mixer, blender washing machine, induction and also tools like cutting and grinding machines, motors be it temp or perm are very important part of modern day life.
I really like these new sets and longer episodes ❣️
I work on a knacker wagon collecting dead stock from farms.
Had a cow once that had swallowed a peice of wire that gotten into its feed and ate it. That magnet caught the peice of wire but it was to big and peirced its stomach and straight into its heart. The magnet had loads of other bits of debree from washers to small screws. The wire that killed it looked like it was from a tire tread like cord from a tire. What farmers over in the UK do they usually put old tires ontop of feed to keep it covered. Well old tired crack and degrade and that's how wire usually gets into their food
Appreciate this extensive explanation about magnets! Always fascinating to learn about the science behind such ubiquitous objects.
I like the rapid-fire format. ♥
Thanks to the whole SciShow team for all your great videos 👏🤓👏
I told my wife we were magnets because we were so attracted to each other. "Lame!" She said. She was wrought but we ironed it out.
Dorky humor is the best humor.
The least believable part of that job is you having a wife. 💀
The Magnetic Monopole Paradox
Contradictory:
Classical Electromagnetism
∇ × B = μ0j (Magnetic fields have no sources/monopoles)
∇ ⋅ B = 0 (Magnetic flux is solenoidal)
This appears paradoxical since individual magnetic charges are allowed by the laws of physics.
Non-Contradictory Possibility:
Monadic Charge Network Electrodynamics
F = q(Ax - Γx,y Ay) (Force from difference in vector potentials)
Γx,y = gx gy / rxy (Monadic charge relations)
Treating magnetism as collective network phenomena arising from vectorial differences in monadic charge perspective phases Ax, Ay with relations Γx,y avoids paradoxes.
I did early research on magnetic fields and bone growth in HS! Cool to see it went further and was tried in patients.
Great show format.
Regarding the harddrives: There are actually very powerful (crush/squash/pinch your finger-type strong) neodynium magnets INSIDE mechanical harddrives. They together with a coil provide the movement of the read/write heads.
I was drawn to this episode for some reason... 😊
1:36 ICP and their fans lean in intrigued 🤔...😂🤣😂
There ain’t any Juggalos watching science videos on CZcams 🤣
@@TWhite94 it's funny because it's true 😂😂😂
Last week I was talking to a co-worker about magnets in cows. They though that I was joking.
Fun little magnet anecdote - I once used a bulk tape eraser (STRONG handheld electromagnet) to wipe a hard drive before throwing it away.
I had a shop teacher stack up a bunch of hard drives and connect them to an arc welding machine. One shot of high voltage, and they were wiped.
There's still so much to discover in this field of inquiry! I simply try to keep in mind that electricity and magnetism are phenomena resulting from the same force of nature, and then try to keep up with all of the discoveries from there 😅
Excellent video ! thanks for sharing !!
I really like this format and length!
from what I've been taught I have to ask--does knitting affect magnetism more than crochet? I think crochet does more looping so it'll create stronger things and knitting will do more in terms of alignment so that's a possible question to pursue.
Magnetism of which thing?
This is great can you do the same format and length for something about plasma
I like the new background that isn't a green screen. Maybe because Stefan matched his shirt perfectly.
ICP's new favorite video.
12:33 surprised you didn't mention how electromagnetism can be completely derived just from coulomb's (or well, gauss's) law and special relativity (the initial reason to develop it was in fact to explain electromagnetism)
of course this doesn't explain how electron spin works but it's something at least? moving charges cause magnets
Fun fact, magnets make the best (my opinion) electronic switches in the form of hall effect switches. They're great for stuff like gaming controllers/keyboards, and even security doors! They're accurate and reliable, they use permanent magnets, so less power needed, and they don't need things to make contact to act as a switch so they last longer.
For years, I've charged my screwdrivers and other tools by dragging them (always in the same direction) across a strong magnet a few times; this allows screwdrivers to hold on to screws, for instance...
great presentation !!
7:17 This is why induction stoves need to have better magnetcooling, and perhaps reuse that excess heat for other cooking or water heating
Every time he said the word “magnets” I kept thinking of Charlie Kelly from its always sunny.
“What’s your favorite hobby?” (Dennis)
“Uh magnets” (Charlie)
😂
The cow magnets was something I was introduced to as a small child while visiting my Grandparents dairy farm. Later I was trying to reach a dropped screw and thought to myself "I need one of those cow magnets" That was the first time I stopped and wondered if that explanation was something I dreamed or was an adult pulling my leg. I went to the internet to confirm that that was indeed a thing. It got me thinking about how before the internet, that would have to just be a thing you thought you heard and would have no way of confirming without consulting a farmer or a book on cow husbandry.
I like this format!
When I was a kid my grandfather was a magnetic therapist and he cured many people with many conditions even cancer he was able to cure or greatly reduce their symptoms. Growing up whenever you were sick or hurt the answer to all of them was to put a magnet on it. He would use flat magnets and you would place your feet and hands on the magnets and sit for an hour or so.
One of my favorite mysteries relating to magnets is about Magnetars: Last I checked, we don't know exactly how a stellar corpse made of neutral subatomic particles generates a magnetic field, let alone a strong one. There are some hypothesis though.
My grandpa used to smack his screwdriver against something to make the screws stick easier. Can’t remember against what
As a quality control technique, magnetic particle inspection is used to find surface defects in ferromagntic materials. An interesting topic.
Excellent video! 😊
When we were taught these things in secondary school, it didn't really make sense. Now, I don't know if I understand it better because, I didn't have enough knowledge to put it into proper context then, or, you're just explaining it better than my secondary school teachers 😅
Great job anyways!!!
Magnets get their name from the Greek territory Magnesia ad Sipylum where the lodestone was mined which in Turkey and is different from the Magnesia in modern Greece.
The linguistic etymology of the word magnet is something I never considered, but it's cool to find it's derived from an actual place name! Also interesting how little the word has actually changed through the millenia. From the online etymological dictionary:
magnet (n.)
"variety of magnetite characterized by its power of attracting iron and steel," mid-15c. (earlier magnes, late 14c.), from Old French magnete "magnetite, magnet, lodestone," and directly from Latin magnetum (nominative magnes) "lodestone," from Greek ho Magnes lithos "the Magnesian stone," from Magnesia (see magnesia), region in Thessaly where magnetized ore was obtained.
I understand it's hard to even start listing uses for magnets because just scratching the surface of the average person's everyday life interactions with magnets could take up multiple videos, but I felt that microphones and speakers were a huge missed opportunity to drive the point home here. All types modern microphones and speakers uses electromagnetism to convert sound pressure into electric pulses and vice versa. He was literally speaking into a magnet to record this so that we can use a magnet to recreate his voice later on.
Technology Connections has a video on how the Curie point of a magnet is used by simple rice cookers to turn off once the rice is cooked without resorting to electroics like thermistors.
So why is it that in strictly 2 dimensions, there is no magnetic field, and in 4 or more dimensions, the magnetic field dominates? Also, it's called spin because the units work out to be the same as spin angular momentum. It doesn't really make sense as literal spin, because some particles have half integer spin, meaning you can think of the particle having to rotate twice to get back to the starting point.
You should do a video on how we started killing are soil and when that started
When I was a kid I used cow magnets on my DIY holographic camera. I had a metal sheet attached to a piece of granite. My physics teacher let me use some of his optics stuff for holding the lenses and mirrors. But I needed to attach the mounts to the metal plate. Do I went to my local farm &fleet and bought cow magnets, just like in the video.
How do lava flows take hundreds of thousands of years to cool down from top to bottom? That has to happen for the multiple preserved lava flows that have the top of the flow magnetically attuned to an opposite magnetic north and then lower down in a different direction and then lower down still in a different direction. It seems more likely that the lava flow cooled over the course of years or decades, and during that time the magnetic pole flip-floped quite frequently
Rocketlab's Neutron will get most of the small and medium NRO, DARPA payloads. ULA the big stuff.
I remember in the 1980ies there was a single event of the detection of a magnetic mono pole. Are they still searching for more magnetic mono pole events??
Yes - MoEDAL at the LHC is looking for them (the "Mo" stands for "Monopole"). The discovery of magnetic monopoles would require us to rewrite a lot of our models around magnetism. MoEDAL has been looking since 2011, and despite being improved still hasn't found any magnetic monopoles. For now, as far as we know, magnetic fields always go in loops, so don't have true poles.
The question you forgot to ask: Will Sheldon ever find a magnetic monopole?
9:40 "giggity" who else but quagmire
Wasn't there some kind of experiment with magnets or maybe it was just with the magnetic field of the Earth where a long cable was let out from the space shuttle and it generated power?
You know if you get them wet, that's the end of the magnet! 😂
The description of ferromagnetism reminded me that paramagnetism sounds _basically_ the same on the quantum level. And reminded me that I really don't know why they work differently.
Nick from the yard should get a credit on this video lmao
13:55 is a bell clapper an object? I know bell clapper deformity is a thing...
12:51 pbs space time has a good video on this
When i studied veterinary medicine back in 2000, we learned to feed the cows a magnet on a string with a protective rubber bell around it, so it could be taken out. So not all of them are left in the animal 👍🏻
2:24 Had me dying!
I'd love to see a video about explosively pumped flux compression generators.
Sound a good show idea
Your description says hosted by savannah geary.
Well, we all know that the way to destroy a magnet is to just put water on it 😂😂
😂😂
LMAO
"How do you make a magnet?"
Well, when a mummy-magnet and a daddy-magnet love each other very much...
Best part of magnets: look up the origin of the words for orient, east, north, south and west.
Especially before magent people “oriented” by looking toward the rising sun (east) and north was just left of the rising sun.
People before magents imagine looking east when orienting themselves.
After magnets, people would point “left of the rising sun” and soon we would eventually imagine every direction relative to “north”
The invention of the magnetic compass shifted our de facto direction from east to north.
The Magnesia region of ancient Greece is in Turkey now, and the province is still called Mahnesia (Manisa, actually).
A quick youtube search of Richard Feynman - Fun to Imagine -- has a great part on Magnets -- and I highly recommend everyone to go directly to the source and hear from a Quantum Electrodynamics Physicist -- my man can explain it to you like you are 5.
Humans also have the ability to sense a magnetic field. This tends to be stronger in men than women, and also is heavily tied to a person’s sense of direction. Exposure to a strong magnetic field will actually disrupt that and cause a person to feel disoriented while in the magnetic field, and for a moment thereafter, until they get their barring, quite literally. It’s no more harmful than putting a blindfold on though.
Hank and Savannah are very effective PROducers (leading from in front). Is there such a thing in the world as an ANTIducer? (a CONducer would be "with guidance") (they are conducive producers)
Actually, even though the magnetic poles only switch every 300,000 years or so is true, we are actually getting close to one. I forget exactly how long it will be, but I’m fairly confident we have less than 1,000 years before the next one. The crazy thing is that compasses will get really weak for a good while before and after that happens.
So here's an odd one. At some restaurants that use cheap flatware, that flatware is magnetic. You can take the end of your fork, for example, you can make it pull the knife. It's not incredibly strong but it works if you don't move it too fast. Is that flatware intentionally magnetized or did it somehow get magnetized after the fact and if so how?
Earth, fire, air and dirt, fuckin magnets, how do they work?
The placebo effect is real. Besides no real evidence for healing capabilities of magnets, there's also no known real reason to assume/suspect that they could have a healing effect.
Other than that, and some "details" about electromagnets, not technically completely accurate, a great episode, really funny!
Easy enough to run a doubleblind on: moar research required!
@@revdrjon I think there is more than enough research done on the subject to conclude that if you're finding positive results, you're probably not doing real science.
Besides being cheap and safe to do research on, it would also be cheap and risk free treatment, if it worked. As a safe placebo effect catalyst, it could be considered preferable over some other forms of alternative medicine, for things that the placebo effect can help, but placebo is temporary, and a distraction from actual solutions.
This video could attract more subscribers ;-)
The intro lmao 😂 my mind just spiraled
👀 is this in order? Expected "how do fn magnets work?" 😂 it's a reference on top of being a real question
No wonder why I couldn't remember how mangets were made 🤣
Well if it works, why change it
I think that magnets are basically magic
Pemf definitely works for soft tissues injuries and broken bones.
I'm imagining a person swallowing a magnet and then getting an MRI.
MRI: Shows CT scanner
hahha glad someone else noticed 🤠
ICP needs to see this ep.
I actually have seen some medical institutions state they have 6T MRI machines.
Are magnets' strength measured by, or do they include the factor of, the weight of an object they can lift and hold before (as it appears to me) the strength of gravity's pull overpowers their ability to draw a magnetized object towards themself and keep it there?
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Like, some fridge magnets are pretty weak. Sometimes they can't even hold their own plastic-shell container's weight up without falling, let alone that and the piece of paper you're trying to hold on the fridge's surface.
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And what measurement terms etc. tell you how much material can there be, or how thick it can get, between the magnet and another magnetized object before it blocks (weakens?) the pull between the magnetic and magnetized object too much to be useful in keeping the material pinned in place between them?