Thanks so much for watching! If you want to see my reaction to NileRed making uranium glass, please check out: czcams.com/video/YiLWZcMHAf8/video.htmlsi=Lx99zGvPw_Fbtogb
@tfolsenuclear If I wanted to go off-grid and nuclear, what would a backyard nuclear generator look like? How big would it need to be to generate enough power for an average house? How safe could it be? I'm imagining it would need to be able to mostly self monitor/regulate.
Pykrete was something we British people were making to make a ship with SawDust armour as it could take bullets very well and shells (in optimal conductions in testing really) weren't in the field used or tested sadly, just in the lab and research. Winston Churchill was the biggest advocate in WW2 for Pykrete ships and armour.
It's interesting how it never occurred to him yet part of penetration testing throughout history is how much of different types of wood a projectile can go through.
@@lunaticbz3594I think he was referring more to the fact that other types of wood are more resistant just by default. Pine vs oak vs mahogany vs whatever else. I do wonder if starting with pine was a mistake!
@@witeshadehe only did that because according to the paper there was no significant difference between the few different wood types they chose, my guess is that after crushing, the maximum density of the wood fibers is reached, reguardless of what type of wood you start with, the major difference between non-compressed wood types, is their natural fiber densities
Also I can see how using Pine was a good decision time-wise because we saw that the chemicals didn't penetrate the wood perfectly, in a hard-wood it would probably would have penetrated even less@@Sausketo
Wooden armor did exist at the same time as guns, specifically in Japan. For as long as there was armor used in warfare, Japan made theirs with a combination of materials, wood included. Even the armor of the samurai was very often made of a combination of steel, wood and leather. Most places couldn't actually field full-plate suits of armor across the ages. Steel was comparatively more scarce in other parts of the world than it was in Europe.
And Japan had particularly little iron ore. That's part of the reason for how respected swords are in japanese culture, they were just rarer and more costly to make. And that's also part of the reason Japan focused on curved weapons a lot more, ones that are bad at piercing armor but better at slicing through flesh - the relative rarity of iron ore ment there wasn't a lot of metal armor
@@TheBlargMarg I think the Aztecs used similar armor types (might have been a kind of woven and layered cloth) and it turned out to be quite efficient against the kinds of weapons they fielded. But that makes more than a bit of sense: The Classical Greeks had the linothorax, which was layered and glued cloth. It was the actual mainstay for most Greek citizen soldiers (the metallic armor we think of for the era was too expensive fore anyone but the upper echelons of society) because it was inexpensive (cloth and glue was the kind of thing you could make yourself), light (cloth vs. plate, yeah, there's gonna be a difference), and easy to maintain (no rusting).
Poor NileRed actually picked a hard scenario -- he uses a 9mm **RIFLE**, which will generate a lot more muzzle velocity than from a handgun. I bet a handgun wouldn't have deformed that back layer as much, if at all.
Yeah, this'd probably stop any commonly chambered handgun round or at least increase your survivability. I doubt it has a shot against any 30 caliber rifle round though, the velocity is just too high. There's a reason people more or less settled on this size for service ammo, maximizes energy and difficult to stop in a man-portable piece of equiptment.
It would be interesting to see if the wood can be fused together by putting multiple pieces in the press at the same time, still with that 90 degree offset, it might allow better results by getting more layers in the same thickness. He would need to make a new holder for the wood in the press that is a square rather than open on both ends, it might cause issues with letting the water out though, but maybe some channels could be made to let the water out.
He would have to have another die made because the wood likes to squish in the one direction, but yea, id like to see 1/8" thick starting layers, stack 8 of them in alternating directions, then smush all at once, but again, he would need some kind of die with 4 walls to prevent squishing in the 1 direction
@@Sausketo that's what I suggested, the fire wouldn't be any harder to make but it might have problems with letting the water out, so it would need channels cut in it. You could maybe get away with lots of vertical notches on the sides of the die.
The big use I wonder about is with plywood. The reason for that is the sheathing used on houses. If you can beef up the resistance while not increasing the weight and decreasing the thickness it would be significant. It would especially be useful in tornado and hurricane prone areas to proof against the debris that's thrown around. Both of you did a great job on the videos.
and to stop people accidentally punching through walls. American Houses are so rediculous. But I guess if something like a hurricane or earthquake does destroy your house its better if its made from paper and wood?
Compressed particle/chip board would be an interesting offshoot. Take wood flakes, treat them to remove lignin, then compress them in a controlled mold , possibly with resin impregnation for strength.
@@Marcel-yu2fw softer houses are generally safer in natural disasters because they can bend and sway which is a big deal with earthquakes and tornadoes
Great demonstration of science. Have a hypothesis, test it, take the result regardless of the outcome, learn from it, adjust, repeat. It's important to have "failure" results, that's how we learn.
As for the missing Level I body armor on the specification - it was rated for .22lr and .380 APC and Kevlar becoming affordable basically made Level I and Level IIA obsolete with II being the new "low end". (Removed the first part of my comment because Jacklsovakia1 answered better than I did.)
Love your videos! I would strongly suggest giving videos a couple weeks to marinate before posting reactions. I can tell you respect these creators a lot and there is nothing wrong with recording one when it comes out but I'm sure it is hard for them to see reactions come out so fast. Keep up the good work Tyler!
Yeah, it's not that nice doing that just a few days after it got published. People will watch a reaction after watching the original but not the other way around.
Actually no it's the opposite. Tons of creators have stated how reactions actually increase views on the original video. This is a common misconception about reaction videos. They're free advertising that increase net reach when you actually look in to the numbers. Every creator that has admits they appreciate them.
Biomass usage for energy is a lot more interesting in the context of anaerobic reactors and the capacity for microbes to produce methane and H2 from waste that would release more hazardous byproducts if you simply burned them. Also, fungal bioremediation is a concept that could allow recovery of carbon by attenuating it into biomass for things like oil during oil spills or even nano or microplastics as fungi are very adept at excreting extracellular enzymes that can break down a wide range of recalcitrant materials. I think that this is a pretty inefficient method of creating energy at scale, but the ability to program genetics opens the door to engineering genetic pathways for synthesis of industrial fuels, chemicals, and even therapeutics like insulin.
man I love your reaction videos, they actually contribute to the content and every video I learn something new! I think this is the first video in a while I've been able to sit down for an hour and watch. Keep up the great work! :D
A nearby wood mill I was a millwright for had all the waste wood falling into a conveyor belt loop that directly fed the small company towns nearby generator. I was even more surprised when told that said belt was not standard. A vast majority of wood mills just pile up and truck the sawdust/scrap wood pieces elsewhere.
Oh, this is stuff I kinda know about Since I'm a chemical engineer specializing in pulp and paper it's basically just partially pulping a piece of wood to delaminate the cell walls so they can be smashed together without breaking It's almost just a really thick piece of paper lol
as a historian yes, the Italy in ww2 tried to invade an outdated country which uses Spears, bows , and sword. They have Leather,wood and metal armor but it cannot bounce a bullet. The italy used guns and tanks against them anyways
For the historic part of wood armor, there was actually quite a lot of use for it in WW2. Many tank crews just strapped whole tree trunk on the weaker part of the tanks that would cause damage if shot at, as it was the one of the few legitimate upgrade they could do in the field after they started learning where the enemy was the most likely to shoot at.
Well.... yes, logs were used, same as track links, however, it wasn't "legitimate", and frowned upon by the brass... reason being, it didn't actually work, and only added weight to the vehicle... It did provide a SENSE of security to the crews however, so it was being overlooked by the command... Recent example being the "cope cages" on top or russian tanks in ukraine... provide 0 added defense against top attacks, but made Ivan feel better...
on the note of biomass, traditionally that waste product from for example plantation pine getting harvested and milled into construction lumber, typically the waste would be both composted in industrial compost, buried in landfill, or burnt on site, all of witch release all the same greenhouse gasses as burning it for energy, but you just dont get the energy from it, so using it to produce power is a lot more enviromentally friendly than the alternatives, you cant just look at that process and say "your burning it, ikky" without looking at the alternative and basing your opinion on such a short sighted veiw
Omg talking about bolding in procedures reminded me about reading the procedure on how to read and write procedures I had to read when I started working in nuclear. Also the specific definition of things like "critical step" and the procedure on hu tools. Glad my actual job rarely has me touching procedures or work orders anymore. Kinda curious if we worked at the same company or not, definitely not plant cause I'm at a bwr.
You mentioned a 22 MG in the video, you might want to check out the American 180, which propels projectiles as a rate of 1200 per minute (20 per second). I have heard that this was involved in a 1974 police motor vehicle persuit/engagement in which two occupants received many new orifaces courtesy of 40 projectiles.
Wooden armor vs firearms definitely happened at least once, the haida people of haida gwai off the coast of british Columbia wore wooden torso armor and helmets and fought with russian, american, and colonial canadian sailors on several occasions. Their armor is super cool looking, Google it if you're not familiar, this style of armor was also used by the tligit of the Alaska panhandle.
Wood planks and carboard where actually used on tanks. It would cause the anti-tank weapons to detonate on hitting it instead of directly on the actual armor significantly reducing its penetrating capabilities. This is what eventual lead to those hanging chains and reactive armor which has the same goal of making the munitions detonate away the armor.
I've watched the video (Nile's video) a few times now, both on his channel and through other people's reactions. And it still blows my mind that he's doing all of this basically with wood, drain cleaner and caviar.
Whenever you upload a new reaction video, I think "there's no way he can make this one about nuclear power", and I love that I'm proven wrong every time
I just realized you have never reacted to William Osman (he's friends with Nigel). He has done some really crazy science experiments and projects one of which was to make an X-Ray machine which i feel may be right up your alley.
I think that overall, the radiation shielding capability of the wood would have decreased from before any treatment. My understanding, as limited as it is, is that the shielding effect is also highly dependent on just the total mass the radiation passes through. The actual density plays a role too, but, for example, steel requires about 70% greater thickness of shielding to achieve the same shielding effect for gamma rays as lead has, while the lead is 45% more dense. Per weight lead is still more efficient, but not to the same degree as if density were the only factor. The wood at the end is more dense, but also has had a huge portion of its mass removed from it. The lignin and hemicellulose that he mentions removing is on average about 50% of the mass of the wood. He's definitely not removing 100% of that, but it's still a substantial drop.
love your videos and reviews but i noticed a bit this video your mic scratching on something, between 20 and 22mins, you can probably just put a filter on that frequency to remove it as it generally doesn't intersect too much with your talking
Some late sailing warships could be considered to have been armoured by combining hard and soft woods to successfully prevent lower weight and speed hits from penetrating.
Like, I just wanna say, I love the timely reaction videos. I find it so annoying when all the hype dies down before I get to see people's reaction when my own memory is fresh.
Makes me think that making the wood sheets way more thin, and stacking many more layers criss crossed would make this exponentially stronger. Could play around with different types of wood, or sandwiching shock absorbing flex layers etc. Very cool.
i bet densified wood would have amazing applications in cookware, cutting boards, knife handles that are comfortable and give a different weight bias that some might like
There's no level I body armor on the chart because nobody really makes it anymore. Modern materials are lighter and cheaper than what they had when they made the scale. It's not really cost-effective to manufacture level I when it's not significantly lighter, less bulky, or cheaper. Level IIA is apparently getting harder to find, too, for much the same reason. Which is probably why his chart didn't have level IIA.
You should look at phytomining: extracting metals from soil, minerals and water via plant growth, and then converting the plants into activated charcoal in order to recover said metal. Also, barium sulfate infrared cooling paint...
If I may make a small recommendation, try to keep the inline mic on your headset from touching your clothing, either via hanging the cable up, using a desk mic, or by putting spacers on the cable. That'l prevent all that rustling every time you move your head when commentating. Great video!
I think more dense wood would resist the press, withstanding specified pressure without compressing that much. Soft and hard wood would probably have about the same density and qualities by the end of the process.
When I started watching I was expecting the armored wood to be laminated wood with 9 - 16 layers of wood where each layer had the grain at an angle to the previous layer. I was completely surprised by the wood only needing 2 layers to stop a bullet. Off course did not know about the pressurised wood. Also expected the layers to be thinner
yes wooden armor was used fairly often, even after the introduction of guns.. altho usage would shrink over time along with armor. mainly it came in the form of various types of shield. as for personal wooden body armor it was pretty rare in the european histories but pops up more often in other regions of the world. also wood has been used for re-entry heat shields.
With early matchlock firearms came against armour quite often, including a lot of wooden armour in japan and the east. These were very early weapons, you literally had to carry a burning slowmatch with you through the battle, They were quite short range and could only fire ~1 shot in just over a minute. In a perfect scenario, if the gunman didn't hit his first shot you could quite easily just run up and stab them in the face. This led to a very interesting but usually overlooked period in military history known as the pike & shot era. Since gunmen were still so vulnerable they were combined with spearmen/pikemen to defend them from cavalry or opposing pikemen while they got in position to fire on the enemy. They came up with some crazy complicated formations during this time (look up the spanish tercio sometime) to make this work. High quality metal had been rare in japan and some eastern countries for most of history, so making their armour out of wood made sense, and since it didn't necessarily need to protect you from bullets it continued to see use long after guns were introduced. This era would, however, end with the industrial revolution. Improvements in metallurgy and mass production made longer range and faster firing guns, as well as the bayonet turning a musket into a short spear for melee. Now that melee fights were much rarer and gunmen weren't as vulnerable when one did happen, militaries would quickly get rid of their armour, the extra weight being too much of a hindrance to prepare for the unlikely event you'll be in a melee.
A couple of comments here. Wood as bulletproofing has been done numerous times most notably in early iron sailing ships where hard wood did most of the work in stopping bullets. Secondly it's a well known fact that a thick book can stop a lot of calibers. And that's just a segmented armor made of a wood glue composite if you wan't to look real hard at it.
Burning wood is net zero my dude it is part of the carbon cycle. That carbon was sequestered by that tree. If we used exclusively wood for fuel (There isn't enough on earth to do so anyway lol) the overall carbon level would not go up.
i feel like he could probably make thinner layers of densified wood and layer them in a criss cross pattern. I wonder if there would be any demand for densified wood overall anyway, since wood is already fairly expensive.
The reason it's better to burn biomass than coal is because it doesn't release more carbon when burned than it extracted from the atmosphere growning it in the first place. With coal, that carbon wasn't already in the atmosphere, so there's a net increase.
I've never noticed it in your other videos, but there was a very clear noise being made every time you moved your head, like your mic had cloth rubbing over it.
2:15 This is Exactly what happened in North America when the Europeans encountered Native Tribes. We had Wooden Armour, Woven Armour, and even shields. (Some accounts even hint at battle formations) When it became glaringly obvious that a Gun could Defeat all that, everything devolved into Gruella Warfare and Bushwacking. Cowboys and Indians Ruled the Wild West for a Reason, that reason was they caused and controlled the Chaos.
Rewatching this, I have 2 impressions.... #1, The fires the 9mm from a carbine, with apparently a 16 inch barrel.... This would have significantly more velocity than a 9mm fired from a 4 inch barrel handgun..... #2, The cracking in the back COULD have been partially caused by the previous impacts of the 22 rounds.... So I felt it was slightly unfair to fire the 9mm into the previously impacted wood.... Actually real commercial bullet resistant vests & devices are very often sold as 1 shot devices.... They are design to resist impact 1 time.... I also agree with your comment at the end.... It could be an "overplate" or an "up armor" option over some other form of armor.... I thought he actually had something a little better than he thought he did.... Also, a "slight" protrusion on the back would not be considered failure.... Uhhh, also, there are such things as full auto 22LR rifles.... They are fun. Bring lots & lots of ammo. Heh heh! Not really practical or effective in a military operation, but they are a lot of fun.... Anyways, great job on your video. I enjoyed your reactions.... That is, until that "testing radiation is like a Monte Carlo simulator" comment.... Uhhh, what??? That did not make me feel better.... It did not!!! Heh heh! No....
If i understand the usage of biomass for energy correct, while burning wood for example does release co2, that co2 was captured by the tree while growing to begin with, meaning it’s neutral (ignoring transports and getting the Wood to begin with). That said, this is purely my understanding with very little scientific knowledge. In Sweden we use waste wood A LOT for heating. Lots and lots of woodchips and sawdust from our forestry, that are made into pellets for in house heating, or burned in bulk at central heating plants from which the heat is transported around town to heat exchangers in houses
Pykrete.. 14% sawdust or some other form of wood pulp (such as paper) and 86% ice During World War II, Geoffrey Pyke proposed it as a candidate material for a supersized aircraft carrier for the British Royal Navy. Pykrete features unusual properties, including a relatively slow melting rate due to its low thermal conductivity, as well as a vastly improved strength and toughness compared to ordinary ice. These physical properties can make the material comparable to concrete, as long as the material is kept frozen
It'd be interesting if you did your own experiment on densified wood and gamma radiation sources and wrote a paper about it due to this video! You could even colab with Nile Red to do it!
And also not 90° offset. If Nile had oriented them something like 45° offset and cut them to size, I think it would've been much stronger, as with each layer only being 90° offset, 2 of the grain directions are the same.
Back in the US-Philippines War from 1899-1902, the Moro Warriors we fought would use these big round shields made from a single carved slab of tropical hardwood. the bullets in US army revolvers literally couldn't penetrate them, and that is what prompted the creation of the .38 special.
2:16 Aboard ships it did. Even in the 1700s first rate ships of the line could absolutely stop the smaller cannon balls (6 or 12 pounder) with the hilariously thick timber of their hull (note When I say hilariously thick I mean 18 to 24 in) and then in the US Navy of 1860 they built a bunch of ships called the timber clads which hide a thickness of wood that I do not know off the top of my head that was designed to stop even bigger cannon like as far as I know, it could even stop a 32 pounder I can only imagine how thick that would must have been
5 MPa is also equivalent to 50 bar (500 meters, or 1640.42 feet, below the ocean). A lot easier to imagine for the US audience. However unlike every other unit where the defense of it usually is "it just makes more sense" I doubt they use bar.
This experiment based on Pykrete, made during WW2's shortage of steel. Desperate as they were, they went and basically froze wood in a way which made it bulletproof.
Just seen your comment after citing said research in comments myself. Sorry if it comes across as stealing, it ain't. Just I had not read all the messages before sending it.
@@DAN-HRT Nah man, nice of you apolegizing but I don't think anyone is ever "stealing" comments. I rather think it's nice seeing someone else thinking the same thing lol. If more people had this line of thinking though :/
Wouldnt the longer barrel length from the carbine also increase the velocity of the bullet? Im pretty sure the difference between a standard 5" and a 16" barrel can be a few hundred ft per second
21:08 Where is your lav mic at? You should honestly get a desktop mic, way less noise when you move... I'd recommend a Blue Snowball (Not the Ice version)
The big reason to use biomass is that carbon capture at the power plant can store that carbon. Since the biomass had to take carbon out of the air to be created in the first place this results in a form of carbon capture and sequestration that actually generates revenue rather than being a pure drain like direct air capture.
I think the biggest problem with wood armor is the inconsistencies of wood itself. You can't exactly control the grain and thus could make each wooden plate have different strengths.
The point of biomass is that it actually is a lot cleaner - much less radon and mercury among others. It's also an easy substitution for coal in existing infrastructure. So it's not ancient stored carbon, it's hypothetically net neutral carbon, and less poison, for minimal infrastructure changes. The theory behind the net neutral claim is a bit optimistic IMO but it's less worse, especially compared to mineral coal, which is the direct comparison. It's not a good choice long term but for economies stuck with coal plants and no money to build a better new plant.
@14:00 they talk about biomass because that co2 would be recaptured by the next crop and it is a lot cleaner than coal sulfur ect several UK power plants have been converted to burn Canadian forest's
The thing is I feel like renewable can mean a few different things depending on context. Wood is renewable because in theory we will never run out. But then there is renewable as in sustainable for our climate. Glass and wood are good for being renewable and recyclable but are heavy and take a lot of energy to move around and process.
I think the main benefit for wood burning power plants instead of coal or diesel burning plants revolves around the fact that the carbon that gets released into the atmosphere when burning wood is carbon that was recently removed from the atmosphere. Coal, on the other hand, releases carbon that was already sequestered for ages. A hypothetical power plant/tree farm combo could theoretically have extremely low net release of carbon into the atmosphere even though the process of burning the wood releases tons of carbon, because the process of growing the tree already absorbed that CO2 from the atmosphere. It would never be a literal 0 carbon footprint in the same way that even solar and wind have a non-zero carbon footprint, but still far more sustainable for the environment than burning fossil fuels.
@@markandrew5968technically would be better than wind at least, since afaik worn out blades and stuff from the windmills are just thrown into landfills because there's no way to recycle them (Cannot say if it's the same for solar tho, I don't know what happens to panels that don't work anymore)
Biomass is a lot more carbon neutral than you think, as the amount of CO2 released when combusting the fuel is pretty comparable to the amount of CO2 that was absorbed by the plant when it was alive.
I like it better when he talks about the science of the actual video and not try to randomly connect it to nuclear, like even though nuclear is your speciality you still know other science
Oh, 22LR machine guns are a thing all right. There is one called the American 180, you can find a video about it on Forgotten Weapons. It has an awesome rate of fire.
Wood is different than fossil fuels. Fossil fuels bring sequestered carbon back into the carbon cycle. Wood uses carbon that is active within our *current* carbon cycle, making wood effectively neutral in human lifespan terms. Huge practical difference.
Thanks so much for watching! If you want to see my reaction to NileRed making uranium glass, please check out: czcams.com/video/YiLWZcMHAf8/video.htmlsi=Lx99zGvPw_Fbtogb
cool vidio keep up
How do you request videos?
@tfolsenuclear If I wanted to go off-grid and nuclear, what would a backyard nuclear generator look like? How big would it need to be to generate enough power for an average house? How safe could it be?
I'm imagining it would need to be able to mostly self monitor/regulate.
Pykrete was something we British people were making to make a ship with SawDust armour as it could take bullets very well and shells (in optimal conductions in testing really) weren't in the field used or tested sadly, just in the lab and research. Winston Churchill was the biggest advocate in WW2 for Pykrete ships and armour.
czcams.com/channels/jAmQ-4NL3UZX0W_nmjn4_w.html
It's interesting how it never occurred to him yet part of penetration testing throughout history is how much of different types of wood a projectile can go through.
Wood test, much easier and less smelly then using human body analogues.
@@lunaticbz3594I think he was referring more to the fact that other types of wood are more resistant just by default. Pine vs oak vs mahogany vs whatever else. I do wonder if starting with pine was a mistake!
So maybe he should have used a thinner piece of wood and compressed it to 3-5mm and used multi layers?
@@witeshadehe only did that because according to the paper there was no significant difference between the few different wood types they chose, my guess is that after crushing, the maximum density of the wood fibers is reached, reguardless of what type of wood you start with, the major difference between non-compressed wood types, is their natural fiber densities
Also I can see how using Pine was a good decision time-wise because we saw that the chemicals didn't penetrate the wood perfectly, in a hard-wood it would probably would have penetrated even less@@Sausketo
Wooden armor did exist at the same time as guns, specifically in Japan. For as long as there was armor used in warfare, Japan made theirs with a combination of materials, wood included. Even the armor of the samurai was very often made of a combination of steel, wood and leather. Most places couldn't actually field full-plate suits of armor across the ages. Steel was comparatively more scarce in other parts of the world than it was in Europe.
I think they used paper armor plates against arrows too i think
@spit782 yeah I remember watching an episode of Mythbusters testing how efficient paper armor was against arrows.
And Japan had particularly little iron ore. That's part of the reason for how respected swords are in japanese culture, they were just rarer and more costly to make. And that's also part of the reason Japan focused on curved weapons a lot more, ones that are bad at piercing armor but better at slicing through flesh - the relative rarity of iron ore ment there wasn't a lot of metal armor
was coming to write this same comment. most commonly the only metal in that era of japanese armor would be buckles, pins, or grommets
@@TheBlargMarg I think the Aztecs used similar armor types (might have been a kind of woven and layered cloth) and it turned out to be quite efficient against the kinds of weapons they fielded. But that makes more than a bit of sense: The Classical Greeks had the linothorax, which was layered and glued cloth. It was the actual mainstay for most Greek citizen soldiers (the metallic armor we think of for the era was too expensive fore anyone but the upper echelons of society) because it was inexpensive (cloth and glue was the kind of thing you could make yourself), light (cloth vs. plate, yeah, there's gonna be a difference), and easy to maintain (no rusting).
Poor NileRed actually picked a hard scenario -- he uses a 9mm **RIFLE**, which will generate a lot more muzzle velocity than from a handgun. I bet a handgun wouldn't have deformed that back layer as much, if at all.
Yeah, this'd probably stop any commonly chambered handgun round or at least increase your survivability. I doubt it has a shot against any 30 caliber rifle round though, the velocity is just too high. There's a reason people more or less settled on this size for service ammo, maximizes energy and difficult to stop in a man-portable piece of equiptment.
Yea Canada is fascist and not free, can't use a handgun there.
That was not a rifle mate that is a convertion kit it make it easier to control but dosent att muzzle velocity
Aww... you trimmed out the nug crusher. That was my favourite part. 🙂
I know me too lol 😂
It would be interesting to see if the wood can be fused together by putting multiple pieces in the press at the same time, still with that 90 degree offset, it might allow better results by getting more layers in the same thickness. He would need to make a new holder for the wood in the press that is a square rather than open on both ends, it might cause issues with letting the water out though, but maybe some channels could be made to let the water out.
He would have to have another die made because the wood likes to squish in the one direction, but yea, id like to see 1/8" thick starting layers, stack 8 of them in alternating directions, then smush all at once, but again, he would need some kind of die with 4 walls to prevent squishing in the 1 direction
@@Sausketo that's what I suggested, the fire wouldn't be any harder to make but it might have problems with letting the water out, so it would need channels cut in it. You could maybe get away with lots of vertical notches on the sides of the die.
The big use I wonder about is with plywood. The reason for that is the sheathing used on houses. If you can beef up the resistance while not increasing the weight and decreasing the thickness it would be significant. It would especially be useful in tornado and hurricane prone areas to proof against the debris that's thrown around. Both of you did a great job on the videos.
and to stop people accidentally punching through walls. American Houses are so rediculous. But I guess if something like a hurricane or earthquake does destroy your house its better if its made from paper and wood?
@@Marcel-yu2fwpretty sure the "punching through walls" is because of drywall?
please tell me if i'm wrong
Compressed particle/chip board would be an interesting offshoot. Take wood flakes, treat them to remove lignin, then compress them in a controlled mold , possibly with resin impregnation for strength.
@@Marcel-yu2fw softer houses are generally safer in natural disasters because they can bend and sway which is a big deal with earthquakes and tornadoes
@@mothiskobeni Hm, yea I guess stone houses are only a good idea if youre sure they will hold. (and can afford it)
Great demonstration of science. Have a hypothesis, test it, take the result regardless of the outcome, learn from it, adjust, repeat. It's important to have "failure" results, that's how we learn.
As for the missing Level I body armor on the specification - it was rated for .22lr and .380 APC and Kevlar becoming affordable basically made Level I and Level IIA obsolete with II being the new "low end".
(Removed the first part of my comment because Jacklsovakia1 answered better than I did.)
Thank you so so much for this video, there's very few people reacting to this content and I was really hoping for something like this today!
Love your videos! I would strongly suggest giving videos a couple weeks to marinate before posting reactions. I can tell you respect these creators a lot and there is nothing wrong with recording one when it comes out but I'm sure it is hard for them to see reactions come out so fast.
Keep up the good work Tyler!
agreed
Yeah, it's not that nice doing that just a few days after it got published.
People will watch a reaction after watching the original but not the other way around.
How do you request videos?
Actually no it's the opposite. Tons of creators have stated how reactions actually increase views on the original video. This is a common misconception about reaction videos. They're free advertising that increase net reach when you actually look in to the numbers. Every creator that has admits they appreciate them.
Just increases my desire to see more Nilered or Nileblue. I had already recently seen the original.
Biomass usage for energy is a lot more interesting in the context of anaerobic reactors and the capacity for microbes to produce methane and H2 from waste that would release more hazardous byproducts if you simply burned them. Also, fungal bioremediation is a concept that could allow recovery of carbon by attenuating it into biomass for things like oil during oil spills or even nano or microplastics as fungi are very adept at excreting extracellular enzymes that can break down a wide range of recalcitrant materials. I think that this is a pretty inefficient method of creating energy at scale, but the ability to program genetics opens the door to engineering genetic pathways for synthesis of industrial fuels, chemicals, and even therapeutics like insulin.
man I love your reaction videos, they actually contribute to the content and every video I learn something new! I think this is the first video in a while I've been able to sit down for an hour and watch. Keep up the great work! :D
A nearby wood mill I was a millwright for had all the waste wood falling into a conveyor belt loop that directly fed the small company towns nearby generator.
I was even more surprised when told that said belt was not standard. A vast majority of wood mills just pile up and truck the sawdust/scrap wood pieces elsewhere.
You know, it's gotten to the point where I get excited about seeing Nigel's video and then just as excited at the thought of your reaction to it. 😅
Oh, this is stuff I kinda know about Since I'm a chemical engineer specializing in pulp and paper
it's basically just partially pulping a piece of wood to delaminate the cell walls so they can be smashed together without breaking
It's almost just a really thick piece of paper lol
as a historian yes, the Italy in ww2 tried to invade an outdated country which uses Spears, bows , and sword. They have Leather,wood and metal armor but it cannot bounce a bullet.
The italy used guns and tanks against them anyways
For the historic part of wood armor, there was actually quite a lot of use for it in WW2. Many tank crews just strapped whole tree trunk on the weaker part of the tanks that would cause damage if shot at, as it was the one of the few legitimate upgrade they could do in the field after they started learning where the enemy was the most likely to shoot at.
Well.... yes, logs were used, same as track links, however, it wasn't "legitimate", and frowned upon by the brass... reason being, it didn't actually work, and only added weight to the vehicle... It did provide a SENSE of security to the crews however, so it was being overlooked by the command... Recent example being the "cope cages" on top or russian tanks in ukraine... provide 0 added defense against top attacks, but made Ivan feel better...
on the note of biomass, traditionally that waste product from for example plantation pine getting harvested and milled into construction lumber, typically the waste would be both composted in industrial compost, buried in landfill, or burnt on site, all of witch release all the same greenhouse gasses as burning it for energy, but you just dont get the energy from it, so using it to produce power is a lot more enviromentally friendly than the alternatives, you cant just look at that process and say "your burning it, ikky" without looking at the alternative and basing your opinion on such a short sighted veiw
Omg talking about bolding in procedures reminded me about reading the procedure on how to read and write procedures I had to read when I started working in nuclear. Also the specific definition of things like "critical step" and the procedure on hu tools. Glad my actual job rarely has me touching procedures or work orders anymore. Kinda curious if we worked at the same company or not, definitely not plant cause I'm at a bwr.
You mentioned a 22 MG in the video, you might want to check out the American 180, which propels projectiles as a rate of 1200 per minute (20 per second). I have heard that this was involved in a 1974 police motor vehicle persuit/engagement in which two occupants received many new orifaces courtesy of 40 projectiles.
Wooden armor vs firearms definitely happened at least once, the haida people of haida gwai off the coast of british Columbia wore wooden torso armor and helmets and fought with russian, american, and colonial canadian sailors on several occasions. Their armor is super cool looking, Google it if you're not familiar, this style of armor was also used by the tligit of the Alaska panhandle.
the shadows are so intense today you look like you have some chris angel eye makeup on haha
Wood planks and carboard where actually used on tanks. It would cause the anti-tank weapons to detonate on hitting it instead of directly on the actual armor significantly reducing its penetrating capabilities. This is what eventual lead to those hanging chains and reactive armor which has the same goal of making the munitions detonate away the armor.
Quickly becoming one of my favourite channels
I've watched the video (Nile's video) a few times now, both on his channel and through other people's reactions.
And it still blows my mind that he's doing all of this basically with wood, drain cleaner and caviar.
Whenever you upload a new reaction video, I think "there's no way he can make this one about nuclear power", and I love that I'm proven wrong every time
I just realized you have never reacted to William Osman (he's friends with Nigel). He has done some really crazy science experiments and projects one of which was to make an X-Ray machine which i feel may be right up your alley.
I think that overall, the radiation shielding capability of the wood would have decreased from before any treatment. My understanding, as limited as it is, is that the shielding effect is also highly dependent on just the total mass the radiation passes through. The actual density plays a role too, but, for example, steel requires about 70% greater thickness of shielding to achieve the same shielding effect for gamma rays as lead has, while the lead is 45% more dense. Per weight lead is still more efficient, but not to the same degree as if density were the only factor.
The wood at the end is more dense, but also has had a huge portion of its mass removed from it. The lignin and hemicellulose that he mentions removing is on average about 50% of the mass of the wood. He's definitely not removing 100% of that, but it's still a substantial drop.
Lmao i see what you did there Tyler with the part of the video of him buying the press. No more NUGSMASHER.😂
Excellent video, adding value to another already excellent video. Good work.
Your like to view ratio is insane man. Love your vids theyre always awesome and i love your humor. Have a good one and keep doing what youre doing!
love your videos and reviews but i noticed a bit this video your mic scratching on something, between 20 and 22mins, you can probably just put a filter on that frequency to remove it as it generally doesn't intersect too much with your talking
I wonder how the wood compares to other stuff, like steel by weight when it comes to stopping bullets.
Some late sailing warships could be considered to have been armoured by combining hard and soft woods to successfully prevent lower weight and speed hits from penetrating.
Why does confining the wood on two sides prevent it from deforming on 4?
Like, I just wanna say, I love the timely reaction videos. I find it so annoying when all the hype dies down before I get to see people's reaction when my own memory is fresh.
Makes me think that making the wood sheets way more thin, and stacking many more layers criss crossed would make this exponentially stronger. Could play around with different types of wood, or sandwiching shock absorbing flex layers etc. Very cool.
i bet densified wood would have amazing applications in cookware, cutting boards, knife handles that are comfortable and give a different weight bias that some might like
There's no level I body armor on the chart because nobody really makes it anymore. Modern materials are lighter and cheaper than what they had when they made the scale. It's not really cost-effective to manufacture level I when it's not significantly lighter, less bulky, or cheaper.
Level IIA is apparently getting harder to find, too, for much the same reason. Which is probably why his chart didn't have level IIA.
You should do Real Engineering's video about metric and imperial , he roasts the imperial system pretty hard.
Thank you for your videos. I don't understand anything but the information is awesome
You should look at phytomining: extracting metals from soil, minerals and water via plant growth, and then converting the plants into activated charcoal in order to recover said metal.
Also, barium sulfate infrared cooling paint...
If I may make a small recommendation, try to keep the inline mic on your headset from touching your clothing, either via hanging the cable up, using a desk mic, or by putting spacers on the cable. That'l prevent all that rustling every time you move your head when commentating.
Great video!
One of the important moments you skipped over was him showing how the chemicals didnt soak all the way through the wood.
I'm curious how much of an improvement a denser/stronger wood like ironwood or snakewood would make.
I think more dense wood would resist the press, withstanding specified pressure without compressing that much. Soft and hard wood would probably have about the same density and qualities by the end of the process.
When I started watching I was expecting the armored wood to be laminated wood with 9 - 16 layers of wood where each layer had the grain at an angle to the previous layer. I was completely surprised by the wood only needing 2 layers to stop a bullet. Off course did not know about the pressurised wood. Also expected the layers to be thinner
yes wooden armor was used fairly often, even after the introduction of guns.. altho usage would shrink over time along with armor. mainly it came in the form of various types of shield. as for personal wooden body armor it was pretty rare in the european histories but pops up more often in other regions of the world.
also wood has been used for re-entry heat shields.
I dont know why but watching T. Folse look at videos i have already watched is really entertaining.
With early matchlock firearms came against armour quite often, including a lot of wooden armour in japan and the east. These were very early weapons, you literally had to carry a burning slowmatch with you through the battle, They were quite short range and could only fire ~1 shot in just over a minute. In a perfect scenario, if the gunman didn't hit his first shot you could quite easily just run up and stab them in the face.
This led to a very interesting but usually overlooked period in military history known as the pike & shot era. Since gunmen were still so vulnerable they were combined with spearmen/pikemen to defend them from cavalry or opposing pikemen while they got in position to fire on the enemy. They came up with some crazy complicated formations during this time (look up the spanish tercio sometime) to make this work. High quality metal had been rare in japan and some eastern countries for most of history, so making their armour out of wood made sense, and since it didn't necessarily need to protect you from bullets it continued to see use long after guns were introduced.
This era would, however, end with the industrial revolution. Improvements in metallurgy and mass production made longer range and faster firing guns, as well as the bayonet turning a musket into a short spear for melee. Now that melee fights were much rarer and gunmen weren't as vulnerable when one did happen, militaries would quickly get rid of their armour, the extra weight being too much of a hindrance to prepare for the unlikely event you'll be in a melee.
In construction, they use a 22 caliber (powder actuated) nails to anchor wood onto concrete.
A couple of comments here. Wood as bulletproofing has been done numerous times most notably in early iron sailing ships where hard wood did most of the work in stopping bullets. Secondly it's a well known fact that a thick book can stop a lot of calibers. And that's just a segmented armor made of a wood glue composite if you wan't to look real hard at it.
Burning wood is net zero my dude it is part of the carbon cycle. That carbon was sequestered by that tree. If we used exclusively wood for fuel (There isn't enough on earth to do so anyway lol) the overall carbon level would not go up.
I know I'll be dreaming if I start to watch a T. Folse video and he doesn't introduce himself at the beginning
i feel like he could probably make thinner layers of densified wood and layer them in a criss cross pattern.
I wonder if there would be any demand for densified wood overall anyway, since wood is already fairly expensive.
May not be something you can wear but as a wall material or vehicle armor it could be useful.
The reason it's better to burn biomass than coal is because it doesn't release more carbon when burned than it extracted from the atmosphere growning it in the first place. With coal, that carbon wasn't already in the atmosphere, so there's a net increase.
I've never noticed it in your other videos, but there was a very clear noise being made every time you moved your head, like your mic had cloth rubbing over it.
2:15 This is Exactly what happened in North America when the Europeans encountered Native Tribes.
We had Wooden Armour, Woven Armour, and even shields. (Some accounts even hint at battle formations)
When it became glaringly obvious that a Gun could Defeat all that, everything devolved into Gruella Warfare and Bushwacking.
Cowboys and Indians Ruled the Wild West for a Reason, that reason was they caused and controlled the Chaos.
Rewatching this, I have 2 impressions....
#1, The fires the 9mm from a carbine, with apparently a 16 inch barrel.... This would have significantly more velocity than a 9mm fired from a 4 inch barrel handgun.....
#2, The cracking in the back COULD have been partially caused by the previous impacts of the 22 rounds.... So I felt it was slightly unfair to fire the 9mm into the previously impacted wood.... Actually real commercial bullet resistant vests & devices are very often sold as 1 shot devices.... They are design to resist impact 1 time....
I also agree with your comment at the end.... It could be an "overplate" or an "up armor" option over some other form of armor....
I thought he actually had something a little better than he thought he did.... Also, a "slight" protrusion on the back would not be considered failure....
Uhhh, also, there are such things as full auto 22LR rifles.... They are fun. Bring lots & lots of ammo. Heh heh! Not really practical or effective in a military operation, but they are a lot of fun....
Anyways, great job on your video. I enjoyed your reactions.... That is, until that "testing radiation is like a Monte Carlo simulator" comment.... Uhhh, what??? That did not make me feel better.... It did not!!! Heh heh! No....
If i understand the usage of biomass for energy correct, while burning wood for example does release co2, that co2 was captured by the tree while growing to begin with, meaning it’s neutral (ignoring transports and getting the Wood to begin with). That said, this is purely my understanding with very little scientific knowledge.
In Sweden we use waste wood A LOT for heating. Lots and lots of woodchips and sawdust from our forestry, that are made into pellets for in house heating, or burned in bulk at central heating plants from which the heat is transported around town to heat exchangers in houses
What he should have done for the three piece stack was turn one on the diagonal, so that none of them were going the same direction.
Pykrete.. 14% sawdust or some other form of wood pulp (such as paper) and 86% ice
During World War II, Geoffrey Pyke proposed it as a candidate material for a supersized aircraft carrier for the British Royal Navy. Pykrete features unusual properties, including a relatively slow melting rate due to its low thermal conductivity, as well as a vastly improved strength and toughness compared to ordinary ice. These physical properties can make the material comparable to concrete, as long as the material is kept frozen
It'd be interesting if you did your own experiment on densified wood and gamma radiation sources and wrote a paper about it due to this video! You could even colab with Nile Red to do it!
i think it would be interesting to try compressing the three layers at the same time, with their grains crossed
And also not 90° offset. If Nile had oriented them something like 45° offset and cut them to size, I think it would've been much stronger, as with each layer only being 90° offset, 2 of the grain directions are the same.
A single layer of flexible epoxy/Kevlar large weave between each of the three layers.. this eliminates the splintering and eliminates weight.
Back in the US-Philippines War from 1899-1902, the Moro Warriors we fought would use these big round shields made from a single carved slab of tropical hardwood. the bullets in US army revolvers literally couldn't penetrate them, and that is what prompted the creation of the .38 special.
I would love to see a control environment to test the glue, one with glue and other test widout glue. But everything was amazing 😊
2:16
Aboard ships it did. Even in the 1700s first rate ships of the line could absolutely stop the smaller cannon balls (6 or 12 pounder) with the hilariously thick timber of their hull (note When I say hilariously thick I mean 18 to 24 in) and then in the US Navy of 1860 they built a bunch of ships called the timber clads which hide a thickness of wood that I do not know off the top of my head that was designed to stop even bigger cannon like as far as I know, it could even stop a 32 pounder I can only imagine how thick that would must have been
5 MPa is also equivalent to 50 bar (500 meters, or 1640.42 feet, below the ocean). A lot easier to imagine for the US audience. However unlike every other unit where the defense of it usually is "it just makes more sense" I doubt they use bar.
As an X-ray engineer this wouldn’t stop radiation. Lead or Tungsten would.
This experiment based on Pykrete, made during WW2's shortage of steel.
Desperate as they were, they went and basically froze wood in a way which made it bulletproof.
Just seen your comment after citing said research in comments myself. Sorry if it comes across as stealing, it ain't. Just I had not read all the messages before sending it.
@@DAN-HRT Nah man, nice of you apolegizing but I don't think anyone is ever "stealing" comments. I rather think it's nice seeing someone else thinking the same thing lol. If more people had this line of thinking though :/
I love Nilered and I love you as well.
Wouldnt the longer barrel length from the carbine also increase the velocity of the bullet? Im pretty sure the difference between a standard 5" and a 16" barrel can be a few hundred ft per second
I use the matric system and its pressure units regularly... I'm still gonna convert Pascals to bar or ATM to understand it better
21:08 Where is your lav mic at? You should honestly get a desktop mic, way less noise when you move...
I'd recommend a Blue Snowball (Not the Ice version)
3rd
Wood go S Q U I S H Y
The big reason to use biomass is that carbon capture at the power plant can store that carbon. Since the biomass had to take carbon out of the air to be created in the first place this results in a form of carbon capture and sequestration that actually generates revenue rather than being a pure drain like direct air capture.
Wooden armor was used by samurai around the same time they started using rifles.
Just get some hard multilayer playwood the same thickness and soak it good in CA glue and you will get much better result.
on the idea of compounding with other structural materials
take a look at how the hulls of a first rate man'o'war like the HMS VICTORY are built up
Considering there are steel plate ballistic test videos all over CZcams this was kind of over before it began
19:29 i mean ceramic is used in bullet proof vests partially because it shatters
This guy trys so hard to connect his job to everything 🤣
You're damn quick reacting son😮
I think the biggest problem with wood armor is the inconsistencies of wood itself. You can't exactly control the grain and thus could make each wooden plate have different strengths.
good ol' bricks of lead, nothing beats that!
Laminate or composite armour was used on wooden warship's .
The point of biomass is that it actually is a lot cleaner - much less radon and mercury among others.
It's also an easy substitution for coal in existing infrastructure. So it's not ancient stored carbon, it's hypothetically net neutral carbon, and less poison, for minimal infrastructure changes.
The theory behind the net neutral claim is a bit optimistic IMO but it's less worse, especially compared to mineral coal, which is the direct comparison.
It's not a good choice long term but for economies stuck with coal plants and no money to build a better new plant.
@14:00 they talk about biomass because that co2 would be recaptured by the next crop and it is a lot cleaner than coal sulfur ect several UK power plants have been converted to burn Canadian forest's
The thing is I feel like renewable can mean a few different things depending on context. Wood is renewable because in theory we will never run out. But then there is renewable as in sustainable for our climate. Glass and wood are good for being renewable and recyclable but are heavy and take a lot of energy to move around and process.
I think the main benefit for wood burning power plants instead of coal or diesel burning plants revolves around the fact that the carbon that gets released into the atmosphere when burning wood is carbon that was recently removed from the atmosphere. Coal, on the other hand, releases carbon that was already sequestered for ages. A hypothetical power plant/tree farm combo could theoretically have extremely low net release of carbon into the atmosphere even though the process of burning the wood releases tons of carbon, because the process of growing the tree already absorbed that CO2 from the atmosphere. It would never be a literal 0 carbon footprint in the same way that even solar and wind have a non-zero carbon footprint, but still far more sustainable for the environment than burning fossil fuels.
@@markandrew5968technically would be better than wind at least, since afaik worn out blades and stuff from the windmills are just thrown into landfills because there's no way to recycle them (Cannot say if it's the same for solar tho, I don't know what happens to panels that don't work anymore)
Wooden armor was use by the Native Americans, and it was a mixture of wood, bones, and animal hides.
Clearly it did not work well for them
This is going to be cool
Biomass is a lot more carbon neutral than you think, as the amount of CO2 released when combusting the fuel is pretty comparable to the amount of CO2 that was absorbed by the plant when it was alive.
30:30 well yah, your not going for max strength for a given mass, you are going for max shielding for given volume
Have they tried graphite as radiation blocker/absorbing material? If so how well did it work or not work?
I like it better when he talks about the science of the actual video and not try to randomly connect it to nuclear, like even though nuclear is your speciality you still know other science
neutron blocking is a number density problem.
Oh, 22LR machine guns are a thing all right. There is one called the American 180, you can find a video about it on Forgotten Weapons. It has an awesome rate of fire.
Wood is different than fossil fuels. Fossil fuels bring sequestered carbon back into the carbon cycle. Wood uses carbon that is active within our *current* carbon cycle, making wood effectively neutral in human lifespan terms. Huge practical difference.