Client Project: Hashcat Testing With an AMD Epyc Supermicro Nvidia GPU Server Using Proxmox

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  • čas přidán 1. 08. 2024
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    CHAPTERS
    00:00 CNWR Toledo Lab and Project Intro
    02:13 The Servers and What Software They Will Run
    03:02 The Supermicro AS -4125GS-TNRT1 & 45Drives XL60 Specifications
    04:14 Problems & Lessons Learned While Testing
    06:15 Nvidia GPU Pass through Proxmox
    08:32 Hashcat Benchmarks With Kali Linux
    12:15 Delivering The Project
  • Věda a technologie

Komentáře • 181

  • @mhos5730
    @mhos5730 Před 6 měsíci +105

    Since it's cold as shit outside right now the hashcat box can also be used as a heater lol

    • @nathanscarlett4772
      @nathanscarlett4772 Před 6 měsíci +1

      This is true, lol

    • @mmshasan
      @mmshasan Před 6 měsíci +2

      😅😅😅

    • @forbiddenera
      @forbiddenera Před 6 měsíci

      Can confirm. Was -47c with windchill like a week ago. Started hashing with everything I had.

    • @Teluric2
      @Teluric2 Před 6 měsíci

      Your sense of humor is very very lame.

    • @forbiddenera
      @forbiddenera Před 6 měsíci +2

      @@Teluric2 not as lame as your comment

  • @michaelosmolski
    @michaelosmolski Před 6 měsíci +42

    Would make for an interesting home lab set up! The noise would drown out the noisy kids, the heat will replace central heating and I could probably get it cook meals for me. Fantastic video btw.

    • @jmslagle1
      @jmslagle1 Před 6 měsíci

      I mean if you have >50k budget sure :)

    • @Oxol33
      @Oxol33 Před 6 měsíci

      Do virtual meals count? Zero calories....

    • @myounges
      @myounges Před 6 měsíci

      Yes we have the wife business case done!

  • @seanwelding4183
    @seanwelding4183 Před 6 měsíci +26

    Would love to see more enterprise gear and showcases of your projects for clients on the channel. More configuration and troubleshooting of that segment of the market would be awesome too.

  • @Therockkdude
    @Therockkdude Před 6 měsíci +29

    I'd love to see more projects. Super interesting to see individual use cases.

    • @simonchurch.
      @simonchurch. Před 6 měsíci

      Yes, the Enterprise stuff is
      Interesting to hear about.

  • @GeoffSeeley
    @GeoffSeeley Před 6 měsíci +18

    @6:50 you can also use driverctl to early bind PCIe cards to vfio drivers so you don't have to blacklist. One benefit is you can have identical cards and pass one through but let the other be used by the host OS for example. There are other benefits to using the vfio drivers as well.

  • @henrysowell
    @henrysowell Před 6 měsíci

    Tom - super cool. Love your commitment to the tutorials and reviews, but doing these periodically is so awesome. Great video. Thank you!

  • @moe85moe85
    @moe85moe85 Před 6 měsíci

    Very cold content ! thanks , looks like a interesting security use case that they have for the server and clearly having willing clients paying them enough to purchase all that cool hardware.

  • @abdeslam_blc
    @abdeslam_blc Před 6 měsíci +1

    that's huge strength , just by looking to it ..... i can see the joy you had using that beast of server

  • @consecratedtech
    @consecratedtech Před 6 měsíci

    everything! loved everything! I don't completely know why I just appreciate your knowledge and willingness to teach others.

  • @ChrisHolzer
    @ChrisHolzer Před 6 měsíci +12

    8:23 3000W are no problem for an ordinary outlet here in Europe thanks to our 230V single phase voltage. :D

    • @LAWRENCESYSTEMS
      @LAWRENCESYSTEMS  Před 6 měsíci +2

      Yup, MORE VOLTAGE is better!

    • @vasiovasio
      @vasiovasio Před 6 měsíci +1

      Exactly what I think too. :)
      My Home heatwater boiler outlet supports up to 4000W and this is normal two-phase, not industrial three-phase electricity. Great machine :)

  • @xav500011
    @xav500011 Před 5 měsíci

    The honesty about coming across technical quirks on such high end servers was refreshing.

  • @opshlds
    @opshlds Před 6 měsíci

    Quite enjoyable and a nice peak on the other side of the curtain so to speak. Thanks!

  • @wildmanjeff42
    @wildmanjeff42 Před 6 měsíci

    That is an incredibly powerful machine. Thanks for the video !

  • @nkreadly1989
    @nkreadly1989 Před 6 měsíci

    I love this channel. Please keep it going!

  • @DPCTechnology
    @DPCTechnology Před 6 měsíci +8

    Great stuff, would love to see more...

  • @DavidUrulski-wq9de
    @DavidUrulski-wq9de Před 6 měsíci +1

    Yesssssssss boyyyyy, finally a benchmark software I can get behind

  • @luisp.4504
    @luisp.4504 Před 6 měsíci +21

    That is insane hardware. Thanks for the great content.

  • @monish05m
    @monish05m Před 6 měsíci +7

    Thanks for the video, updating all my passwords from 16 length to 32 length, after watching this.

    • @bigpickles
      @bigpickles Před 6 měsíci

      Or just don't use MD5 lol

    • @elisa_5445
      @elisa_5445 Před 6 měsíci +1

      @@bigpickles well, you cant choose what encryption websites use, and sometimes they will use an old hashing like md5

    • @bigpickles
      @bigpickles Před 6 měsíci

      @@elisa_5445 I don’t think any website worth a dime uses MD5 these days. Even then, the webserver would crash at these attempt rates.

  • @adalbertomania
    @adalbertomania Před 6 měsíci

    wow love this video, great project!! thanks for sharing this.

  • @user-ct7wu1zv9e
    @user-ct7wu1zv9e Před 6 měsíci

    Thank you. My first crunch was on laptop with Nvidia GPU. That was fun) I hope you have enough time to play with it.

  • @tonydunne6985
    @tonydunne6985 Před 6 měsíci

    love all your video this was brilliant

  • @BringDeath2U
    @BringDeath2U Před 6 měsíci

    Cool stuff. Enjoyed it.

  • @nick-leffler
    @nick-leffler Před 6 měsíci +3

    Proxmox is the way. Good to see it used.

  • @ArmanKhalatyan
    @ArmanKhalatyan Před 6 měsíci

    awesome project! congrats, I was struggling with the same box a year ago. For future convenience and scalability, you might consider adding each GPU in a named resource. so you can easily migrate like: host1-gpu1 to host2-gpu1

  • @geerliglecluse5297
    @geerliglecluse5297 Před 6 měsíci

    Impressive stuff, more please!

  • @keyboard_g
    @keyboard_g Před 6 měsíci +1

    Going back to when Resizable BAR was introduced, games didn't get faster until they were either updated or built with it in mind.
    Its been part of the PCI spec for years, but vendors didn't support it for a while.

  • @bricefleckenstein9666
    @bricefleckenstein9666 Před 6 měsíci +6

    For reference, that's at least the 3'd generation of the same TYPE of GPU server from Supermicro.
    The first generation has gotten pretty cheap - but it's DDR3 and uses Intel E5 first generation 2xxx or 4xxx CPUs as I recall.
    I'm a bit shocked you didn't go with a Supermicro mass storage solution, like their 6049 series machines, for consistancy.
    I've always found the 45 drives machines overpriced for what they offer, though the DO have some longevity on the core design (that is an older iteration of a BackBlaze design, but BackBlaze went with commercial designs instead of designing their own once Dell and Supermicro etc. started building high-density storage servers).

  • @GeoffSeeley
    @GeoffSeeley Před 6 měsíci

    That Supermicro system is sweet!

  • @XxSpYxX
    @XxSpYxX Před 6 měsíci +3

    Is there no clear cmos jumper one could route to a better location?
    Also out of my 4 Exos X X18 18TB one was bad! Unlucky!

  • @danielkirk8571
    @danielkirk8571 Před 6 měsíci

    I love to get a 'sneak peak' into the enterprise world that would otherwise be behind NDAs. This is essential for a homelabber i think.

  • @brianbolton7721
    @brianbolton7721 Před 6 měsíci +1

    Fun video!

  • @ChuckNorris-lf6vo
    @ChuckNorris-lf6vo Před 6 měsíci

    Good job.

  • @jamieknight326
    @jamieknight326 Před 6 měsíci

    That’s an impressive bit of hardware. Haven’t a clue what I’d do with one…. But I want one anyway :)

  • @justwantedtoreply
    @justwantedtoreply Před 6 měsíci

    Miss those days, building these kinda things and testing was awesome. 100K machines/racks...

  • @dougphillips5686
    @dougphillips5686 Před 6 měsíci

    Thanks. Supermicro needs to do some redesign before I buy one.

  • @TradieTrev
    @TradieTrev Před 6 měsíci

    What a sick rig!! You could call it a hackers delight!

  • @ericneo2
    @ericneo2 Před 6 měsíci +4

    What was the actual settings used in the system that allowed GPU passthrough? Did you install as EXT4, XFS, ZFS? I've tried blacklisting the drivers with consumer cards but the passthrough has never worked correctly. The furthest I could get was the guest seeing the GPU and installing the drivers but CUDA was completely inaccessible or would crash the guest.

    • @botanicvelious
      @botanicvelious Před 6 měsíci

      we are doing the same thing with these systems, only issue we had on proxmox 8.1 is that you could only passthrough the gpu not the nvidia sound card. didnt even need to blacklist

  • @H0LAI
    @H0LAI Před 6 měsíci

    actually gutted when this video ended, wanted to know so much more!

    • @LAWRENCESYSTEMS
      @LAWRENCESYSTEMS  Před 6 měsíci

      What more did you want to know?

    • @gregh7457
      @gregh7457 Před 6 měsíci

      @@LAWRENCESYSTEMS the brits are always "gutted" Don't worry, i think you covered quite a bit in just one tiny video

    • @H0LAI
      @H0LAI Před 6 měsíci

      @@LAWRENCESYSTEMS it's quite alright GPT-4 is answering my questions and providing all I need to know. Thanks for the video and insights.

  • @TheMongolPrime
    @TheMongolPrime Před 6 měsíci

    Hey Tom, perhaps this is a forum question... Have you had any issues setting up two new Cobia TrueNAS-23.10.1's with a new SSH replication? Apparently it's broken, and there hasn't been any updates to fix it. My replication is completely down because of it :(

  • @adrianTNT
    @adrianTNT Před 6 měsíci

    This was a friendly reminder / reality check to use even more complex passwords 😁

  • @robertfontaine3650
    @robertfontaine3650 Před 6 měsíci

    that's a beast

  • @RocknR00ster
    @RocknR00ster Před 6 měsíci

    Oh, wow!

  • @techwolflupindo
    @techwolflupindo Před 6 měsíci

    I wonder if those drives have some vibration isolation? I have learned that one vibrating drive can take out good drives next to it.

  • @johnb3170
    @johnb3170 Před 6 měsíci +3

    😂 I started out with 2x 4090 hybrids 2x 3090 ti
    I definitely will be hitting you up for this project woot woot

  • @onurbaser
    @onurbaser Před 6 měsíci

    Thank you for this, I loved it. I wonder its performance on mining...

  • @hardscorerockkssss
    @hardscorerockkssss Před 6 měsíci

    but can you skipp pre test before delivery to client if client requests it and says faster you can deliver the better it is?

  • @MarianA-vu8tb
    @MarianA-vu8tb Před 6 měsíci

    The voice from the commercial spot was it Dave from Dave's Garage channel?

  • @rlocone
    @rlocone Před 6 měsíci

    Awesome

  • @shubinternet
    @shubinternet Před 6 měsíci +7

    I'd be curious to know more about the disk benchmarking that you do on the 45Drives systems.
    And I'd be curious to see your published stats on your hashcat performance. I'm going to fire up hashcat on my laptop and see what kind of fraction I can get of what you saw.

  • @quillita
    @quillita Před 6 měsíci

    Need a "Back that RAID up" shirt

  • @bricefleckenstein9666
    @bricefleckenstein9666 Před 6 měsíci +6

    Now imagine running that GPU server with 4090 cards instead of A6000.
    Half again or a bit more the power draw, but on Hashcat at least 60% faster (that many more cores AND a slightly higher peak clock rate).

    • @RahulSinghalChicago
      @RahulSinghalChicago Před 6 měsíci

      4090 are triple slot compared to the dual slot for A5000.

    • @bricefleckenstein9666
      @bricefleckenstein9666 Před 6 měsíci

      @@RahulSinghalChicago But they're also a LOT more cores and higher clock.
      Cooling might be an issue though.

  • @Mr.Beauregarde
    @Mr.Beauregarde Před 6 měsíci

    I like this content

  • @greghorsman4102
    @greghorsman4102 Před 6 měsíci +3

    It would be interesting to learn how many vendors you purchased all the components from and which ones you used. We often buy from SHI or Ingram Micro, but I’m curious who you use if you are willing to share.

  • @bhabanisanakrdas007
    @bhabanisanakrdas007 Před 6 měsíci

    14 Million in 4 Sec...with brute force...insane 👺👺👺

  • @SR-zi1pw
    @SR-zi1pw Před 6 měsíci

    Nice

  • @whyomgwhywtf
    @whyomgwhywtf Před 6 měsíci

    The last small data center I worked in had 10 GPU chassis with 4 A100s each...and those weren't even the expensive servers 😳😳😳

  • @alptekinkeskin
    @alptekinkeskin Před 6 měsíci

    i would solder cables to battery just in case , bios needs to be reset again. dismantling and putting it back could be fun at first but i dont think it would be fun on multiple times

  • @Richard_1012
    @Richard_1012 Před 6 měsíci

    Thank you for the content. I always enjoy. I would love to see a video on the process for GPU pass through with 30 series cards. I am catching trouble with VM using a LLVMpipe instead of my GPU. Maybe someone in the comments can point me in the right direction. Thanks ahead of time.

  • @CommanderRiker0
    @CommanderRiker0 Před 5 měsíci

    How did you think 8 GPU's could run on a single 20 amp circuit?

  • @RonnieRedd
    @RonnieRedd Před 6 měsíci

    Would like to see how that project compares to xcp-ng version doing the same thing

  • @amdenis
    @amdenis Před 6 měsíci

    I get it. I have a multi-H100 server, with max draw of 10KWatts, and requires two 20 amp 220V and one 15 amp 125V circuits.

  • @Canon1DMkII
    @Canon1DMkII Před 6 měsíci +7

    A machine this complex and expensive not having an easy way to reset the bios is mind boggling.

    • @hammerheadcorvette4
      @hammerheadcorvette4 Před 6 měsíci +1

      These types of boxes are shipped to install. Made to order so you don't have to. Maybe there was a blip in the request and what would run on the machine.

    • @robertfontaine3650
      @robertfontaine3650 Před 6 měsíci

      I would have thought you could get to the bios via ipmi management. odd

  • @WiteNite867
    @WiteNite867 Před 6 měsíci +2

    When does the Electrician come to install more outlets in the lab???

  • @neon_Nomad
    @neon_Nomad Před 6 měsíci +2

    You can run hashcat with an Intel(R) FPGA Emulation Device
    , gpu and cpu at the same time

  • @sin7wu
    @sin7wu Před 6 měsíci

    God this is sexy. This is why I sub to Lawrence Systems. I'm always learning something new and cool.

  • @mugstep
    @mugstep Před 6 měsíci +2

    Man I wish I could afford a cracking rig like this. Holy smokes.
    Definitely beats a milk crate!
    If the business is another Ohio local, I can safely guess the lucky dogs who got this bad mother... >:)

  • @rajilsaraswat9763
    @rajilsaraswat9763 Před 6 měsíci

    Can you talk about recomended bios settings from supermicro.

  • @rosslovell73
    @rosslovell73 Před 5 měsíci

    Seeing as you guys are obvious experts in the field, and are doing the supposed impossible, can you put me on some info on GPU passthrough for my home setup: Nvidia RTX4070, 64G ram, running QEMU/Virt-Manager. The only stuff I can find says Nvidia doesn't allow it, and thus it can't be done, but you obviously modprobed it into submission. I'd like to know how to do that. Awesome video, by the way.

    • @LAWRENCESYSTEMS
      @LAWRENCESYSTEMS  Před 5 měsíci

      Check the Level 1 Forums they might have some write ups on how to do it. I don't use oVirt.

  • @webby459
    @webby459 Před 6 měsíci

    holy crap lol. i'd love to have that...

  • @RahulSinghalChicago
    @RahulSinghalChicago Před 6 měsíci

    PCIe wasn't turned on under advanced menu for pass-through.

  • @botanicvelious
    @botanicvelious Před 6 měsíci

    Just curious why would you go with a single root system when you are already installing 2 cpu's? Since the system only has 32 lanes to each PCX switch that means 5 gpu's share 32 lanes of bandwidth which all go to one cpu? We are running these with 4070's and only one cpu so just wondering if you know something I dont :)

    • @JimmyLiu-SMC
      @JimmyLiu-SMC Před 3 měsíci

      The single root architecture is ideal for applications that reside on a single CPU but require access to multiple GPUs. A single
      root system dedicates one of the CPUs (out of two) to manage all communications with the GPUs. This results in using a maximum of 10 GPUs in a single server.
      A single root system is tailored for deep learning applications where most of the computation takes place on the GPU.
      Advantages of a Single Root configuration:
      - A single CPU has access to up to 10 GPUs. Applications that need direct access to all of the GPUs will benefit from this
      configuration.
      Applications - When peer-to-peer communication (GPU to GPU) performance is not critical.
      Supermicro has the AS-4125GS-TNRT (direct-connect GPU), AS-4125Gs-TNRT1 (Single-root), AS-4125GS-TNRT2 (Dual-root).

  • @BlueRice
    @BlueRice Před 6 měsíci

    A break through to reduce that power down to phone sized usage...

  • @nullstyle
    @nullstyle Před 6 měsíci +1

    The BIOS/Battery reset issue due to a misconfiguration is disqualifying. that's poopy as hell

  • @__SKYNET__
    @__SKYNET__ Před 6 měsíci +1

    Can you run consumer GPUs like RTX 4090s or does it have to be enterprise level cards such as the A100s, thanks

    • @botanicvelious
      @botanicvelious Před 6 měsíci +1

      We are using 10 x 4070's in this exact system

    • @__SKYNET__
      @__SKYNET__ Před 6 měsíci

      @@botanicvelious Thank you

  • @bertblankenstein3738
    @bertblankenstein3738 Před 6 měsíci

    I have an outlet that can supply 9,6kw. Now I just need that server to go with it.

  • @rsilvers129
    @rsilvers129 Před 5 měsíci

    In the late 1980s I used to compare the Unix password file against a 10,000 word dictionary. I found dozens of passwords. It would run for hours or days on a Sun or Sequent Balance. 14 million in 90 seconds is faster.

  • @SB-qm5wg
    @SB-qm5wg Před 6 měsíci +1

    This is what my $200 home lab would turn into if I won the lottery lol

  • @michaelloving8004
    @michaelloving8004 Před 6 měsíci +1

    sounds like y'all might need three phase power 440v/208vac lol

  • @LeonIsAPro
    @LeonIsAPro Před 6 měsíci

    Yes, MORE please :-) This was pure nerd porn!

  • @eladioTHEONE
    @eladioTHEONE Před 6 měsíci

    y eso va a estar en vena dentro de poco xD y la IA lo va a hacer tambien.

  • @Burnman83
    @Burnman83 Před 6 měsíci

    This is a very sweet setup, however not at all a new idea. As my former profession was IT forensics - before I switched to IT security - I have been working with similar systems called "Octagraph" from a German company called "MH Systems" and apart from the GPU power had even more features such as forensic bridges mounted right there in the same box at the front, etc.
    So, more than 10 years ago there already was a more complete product, obviously with a lot less compute power due to the technology jump from back then.

  • @Mack_Dingo
    @Mack_Dingo Před 6 měsíci

    You need a few 240v circuits

  • @brookerobertson2951
    @brookerobertson2951 Před 6 měsíci +1

    3000 watts pretty standard for a British wall outlet.. even my bedroom outlet could run 3000 W no problem. Americans need to step there game up with this type of thing.

  • @markjakker2091
    @markjakker2091 Před 6 měsíci

    That's pretty beeft. What are you going to do with that?

  • @declanmcardle
    @declanmcardle Před 6 měsíci +2

    Hashcat speeding up? Is IpSec or John Hammond the customer?

    • @LAWRENCESYSTEMS
      @LAWRENCESYSTEMS  Před 6 měsíci +3

      John Hammond is a friend but this server was not for him. :)

    • @skittle-brau
      @skittle-brau Před 6 měsíci +2

      How is John Hammond’s dinosaur project going? I heard he spared no expense.

  • @spx2327
    @spx2327 Před 6 měsíci +2

    More of this please! 🦾

  • @ThePopolou
    @ThePopolou Před 6 měsíci

    BF hashes are pointless nowadays what with rainbow tables being available but what you should have done with that available power was assist by creating additional ones.

  • @JonathanRLight
    @JonathanRLight Před 6 měsíci +1

    RIP power bill, lol. Nice system.

  • @JonathanSwiftUK
    @JonathanSwiftUK Před 6 měsíci

    Using multiple power sockets, but presumably on the same phase? Like Ghostbusters, remember to never let the streams touch. Modern systems work fine, most of the time, with power from multiple phases, but in a fault condition you will be potentially getting a shock much greater than 110volts. With 240v in UK data centers each rack tends to operate on a single phase, a fault across two phases could give you a shock of, potentially, 415volts.

  • @SzymonR.
    @SzymonR. Před 6 měsíci

    instead of removing the battery, you can update the BIOS again, but do not check the save settings option in IPMI - then the server will boot with the default settings

  • @tobias8678
    @tobias8678 Před 6 měsíci

    Are there any reason that you guys went for A6000 GPUs instead of normal 4070s or similar? I know the performance is worse on A series for password cracking so I am curious if there are another reason for that option.
    /Full time pentester

    • @LAWRENCESYSTEMS
      @LAWRENCESYSTEMS  Před 6 měsíci +1

      We used it for Hashcat, but that is not what the client is using it for,

    • @tobias8678
      @tobias8678 Před 6 měsíci

      @@LAWRENCESYSTEMS ah, thanks for the clarification, I focused a little to much on the password cracking aspect

    • @LAWRENCESYSTEMS
      @LAWRENCESYSTEMS  Před 6 měsíci +1

      @@tobias8678 I don't blame you, their use data analytics case is not nearly as exciting as cracking passwords.

  • @chadgrant8870
    @chadgrant8870 Před 6 měsíci

    Would love to know ballpark price range of the servers. Great Video

    • @netoeli
      @netoeli Před 6 měsíci

      i would guess at the ball park of 45k-50k

    • @LAWRENCESYSTEMS
      @LAWRENCESYSTEMS  Před 6 měsíci

      This project was about $150,000 in hardware.

  • @timmitchell9021
    @timmitchell9021 Před 6 měsíci

    I'm curious, how many employees is considered large? 500 and up? 1000 and up?

    • @LAWRENCESYSTEMS
      @LAWRENCESYSTEMS  Před 6 měsíci

      I think the general cutoff for “large business” is having at least 500 employees.

    • @timmitchell9021
      @timmitchell9021 Před 6 měsíci

      That's how I used to think of it, but I've also been working for a few years at a hospital with a few thousand users and we're still on the low end of a mid-sized hospital, so it has broken my brain a bit lol

  • @johnb3170
    @johnb3170 Před 2 měsíci

    I reached out to them for my company to build a similar server...got told this is not something they would work on LOL What? There is a video of it right here. Thats funny.

  • @Lukesab3r
    @Lukesab3r Před 6 měsíci

    This is the kind of thing nobody as a layman hears about.
    The corporations employing things like this are into big data and probably know more than they should!!!
    But the real question - how many FPS on quake 2? ;)

  • @chebrubin
    @chebrubin Před 6 měsíci

    Sounds like Apple Computer. Make sure there are no malicious chips reporting back to the PRC.

  • @cpuuk
    @cpuuk Před 6 měsíci

    I'm sure this will be used for good, not evil o_0

  • @xad_ONE
    @xad_ONE Před 6 měsíci

    NASA wants its computer back

  • @RandomGamer885
    @RandomGamer885 Před 6 měsíci

    What is the cost of that server?

  • @justincase5272
    @justincase5272 Před 6 měsíci

    Feedback, assuming you're using 94 keyboard characters for your 8 character key (password):
    An 8-character key (password) has 6.096E15 permutations with replacement and 52.44 bits of entropy.
    A 40-character key (password) has 8.416E78 permutations with replacement and 262.18 bits of entropy.
    6.1 Quadrillion crunches is impressive! However, let's look at the true power of passwords:
    It will take you 1.381E63 times longer to get through 50% of the keyspace of a 40-character password than for an 8-character password. A 40-character keyboard password is the minimum length of password randomly chosen from the 94 character set on most keyboard in order to fill the keyspace of AES-256. For AES-128, it's just 20 characters.
    Now, just how powerful is a 40-character keyboard password?
    If you're 50% through an 8 character keyboard password's keyspace in 18 hours, getting through 50% of the keyspace of a 40-character keyboard password will require 2.058E50 lifetimes of the current age of our universe. Put another way, if you want to be 99.999999999999% (12 nines after the decimal point) sure it'll never be hacked, the bad guys would still require 2.058E38 lifetimes of the current age of our universe before they'd give up after having only solved 0.0000000001% of all possible solutions.
    This is WHY there's absolutely NOTHING wrong with sufficiently long, random and properly secured passwords. There's only bad password choice and poor security, which is why I'm a firm believer in the best password managers. I prefer Bitwarden, as neither your master password nor your user passwords ever leave your computer. Regardless of which password manager you chose, DO use a properly long and random master password. Again, 20 keyboard characters will give you AES-128 level security while still requiring 71 billion times the age of the universe to cut through half.
    Finally, DO print them out and store them in a safe place, such as on the dark side of the Moon, or at least in a safety deposit box guarded by two Hell Hounds. Okay, so I'm a Supernatural fan -- don't hold it against me... :)
    One of these days, we computer scientists will develop a way to accurately create, and most importantly, re-create, ridiculously long passwords (160 keyboard characters) based upon 1) What you know, 2) What you have, and 3) Who you are, along with a quantum-proof encryption algorithm. I'm thinking AES-1,024 would be sufficient, along with a part memorized and part-generated password of 160 characters, but a number of new, totally different algorithms are current in competition to become the first global post-quantum cryptographical algorithm.