Kaplan Turbines | Understanding the Giants of Hydroelectricity
Vložit
- čas přidán 29. 01. 2024
- I hope you enjoyed the interesting engineering behind Kaplan turbines. If you have benefitted something out of this video, please consider to support us on / lesics
Regards Sabin Mathew
I hope you enjoyed the interesting engineering behind Kaplan turbines. If you have benefitted something out of this video, please consider to support us on www.patreon.com/Lesics
Regards Sabin Mathew
You mentioned at 5:35 that increasing area of draft tube will increase pressure so that bubbles won't form. But won't the increase in volume further reduce pressure? Because if we decrease the area too much then we know the water pressure going through the pipe will be high
@@SwaroopKadaba When you increase the area, velocity decreases or kinetic energy decreases. According to energy conservation to keep the energy constant, the pressure energy has to increase.
@@Lesics 👍
You should focus more on the titles and thumbnails of your videos. Even if your video content is excellent, people may not click on it if the titles and thumbnails are not engaging.
@@Lesics I'd love to see a full video on cavitation. I think your excellent animations could clear up the confusion. I've experienced it with water and fuel tanker trucks, but never have fully understood the phenomenon. Love the videos. Thanks
Outstanding! Every time I saw a description of Kaplan turbines before, it would stop after saying they were meant for low head, high volume situations. I could never imagine it had variable guide vanes and rotating blades. This is really quality content!
I'm a robotics engineer and back in my fluid dynamics classes in college, I've computed the relative speed between a fluid and a propeller many times, but I've never noticed that the optimal relative speed between the two was equal to the angle of attack, which now seems so obvious! Either change the angle of attack to match the relative speed of the flow or change the relative speed of the flow to match the angle of attack. Thank you for your animations, they help clarify so many concepts 🙏
I'm power engineer from India 🇮🇳....this man explained it fantastically I always love his content
Amazing Video...I am in Hydro project business and can say that the quality of information you shared is spot on. This is basic but a good introduction to someone relatively new to Kaplan turbine. Great to see that info on Cavitation was also shared...just some additional information, there is a way to determine the behaviour of complete water conducting system through a process called Transient Analysis, which governs the design...
I did not know that about the spiral thingamabobs. *Very* interesting!
Bro you're a proper Engineer, you're goated
those blades truly are beautifully shaped!
Great video, and very clear graphics.
You explained how they regulate alternative current, but how do they align the phase of the alternative current with the phase of the electric grid?
The generators are also motors. If a generator is receiving extra power from its turbine, the generator tries to rotate slightly faster and thereby it tries to advance its phase with respect to the phase of the grid. In so doing, the grid demands more power from it and thereby increases the load on it, inhibiting it from any further advancement. When a generator is receiving reduced power from its turbine, the opposite happens. Thus, all the generators are kept in lock step, so to speak. When a generator is first being brought on-line, its speed first is adjusted under local control until its frequency and phase are matched to that of the grid. Then the switches are engaged to place it online. If the switches are engaged when the generator is out of phase with the line, bad things happen! (Excessive current and excessive torque trying to jerk it into alignment.)
Question: If the output water pressure is low then shouldn't the outlet be converging instead of diverging?
Use continuity equation, large cross-section reduce velocity and because total energy of fluid needs to be coatant, it's pressure will increase
@@AmandeepSingh-bj9dm so... basically anti-venturi effect?
@@zorrothebug yup
Excellent video. The 3d tunes comparison was awesome.
I like the new format with your hands on experiments
Outstanding explanation!
Обожаю смотреть ваши видео. Я хоть и не понимаю английский, всё равно смотрю, очень интересно. ❤
it is always great to watch your videos
My man, never change your accent. It’s so amazingly Indian. I love it!!
A good video but I have a nitpick. It is not an airfoil to produce lift, it is a HYDROFOIL. This is important because unlike air water is incompressible so the mathematics, and hence the profile, of an efficient hydrofoil is quite different from that for an airfoil.
Lesics! The best engineering channel!
Very well explained!
Great Video, you are doing good work!
Wonderful job
Really thank you for your videos ❤
great as always
Amazing video as always
Please take it as my suggestion. Being a Engineer I can suggest please try to show correct direction of rotation of the turbine. Because it may lead to wrong information or wrong education.
Video is very intuitive. Good job. Please bring more.
5:40 same volume of water, increased area, isn't it making the pressure even lower?
Thank you, was about to ask the same.
Yeah, I was just about to ask this.
ok I got an answer under some other comment who asked basically the same question. By increasing the diameter you slow down the flow thus increasing the pressure. It's basically the opposite principle as the Venturi effect.
Awesome video
Nice informative video!
The cavitation "bubbles" don't burst, they collapse.
This was a really good video thank and God Bless you
What Wrx owners want when they say their turbo isnt big enough
Nice concept ❤👍🏻
its not just "lift" force its also just physical force on the blade. Same concept as an aircraft's "Angle of Attack". Both forces are at play.
Great as always ❤❤
Very interesting! 👍🏻👍🏻
nice man i learned something
Very good video. I am surprised that the water flows parallel to the axis of the turbine, this video clarified many things for me. Not that I do anything useful with that specifically, but it is very entertaining to know and you never know if by association the idea is useful for something else.
nice explination sir 👍👍👍👍
Superb ❤
I have always thought that Francis Turbines were the ones meant to be used in high-pressure applications. Engineering isn't always so straightforward. I remember being about 12 years old visiting a hydropower facility that had a nice set of 8 Kaplan turbines, and when visiting the generator room, it was really hard to envision that I was actually over that huge case embedded in the concrete of the dam. The noise of that water rushing was really overwhelming.
People might not know that you have a patreon, you should start mentioning it at start of the video or in bottom corner of the video.
You also need to work on your presentation and pacing
And do more yt shorts explaining old videos which don't get much views nowadays.
#CFBR
👌🏻👌🏻
He should add a patreon watermark throughout the whole video in all videos. Also but not that important changing the banner to add social media and support stuff
Very nice advice
For all the brain-rotted individuals out there who like to throw away their money on the internet, exactly
never thought the turbines were vertical to the water body used as source. but it also makes me curious why vertical? is it just for ease of flow due to gravity? or maybe it's due to high pressure flow?
I would say it has to do with the wear of the turning parts, on it side the bottom will wear down much faster, and this way it's easier to distribute the water around the whole turbine
Also, it's easier to inspect the electromagnetic coil if it's horizontal.
Excelente 👍
Thank you
i am first😂🎉
Here take the gold medal 🏅
Lol
Nice 👌
Very nice👍👍👍
❤ Nice sir.
Best video ever seen
Fun fact I recently leaened, Without Kaplan Turbines I couldn't have wtached this video because the make the bulk of my Country's grid
Wait, why does the pressure increases if th tube gets larger? Shouldn't be the other way around?
Great example for axial flow turbine. Can you please add vedio on Francis turbine, a radial inward flow reactiin turbine....
Lesics is the best
How is increasing the volume of the tube after the turbine increases the pressure of the water? Shouldn't it be the other way around?
5:37 How can increasing the diameter of the pipe for an already low pressure stream increase the pressure?
The velocity is low and increasing the area will reduce velocity even further, which then will reduce the pressure right?
No, Energy is conserved, thus the Bernoulli Principle is applicable here, Kinetic Energy + Pressure Energy+Gravitational Potential Energy = Constant.
Thus as Kinetic energy drops, Potential energy is unchanged, then the pressure Energy must rise.
Thank u
🎯 Key Takeaways for quick navigation:
00:00 💡 *As turbinas Kaplan são as maiores entre todas as turbinas hidráulicas.*
01:09 🔄 *As turbinas Kaplan são mais adequadas para situações de grande fluxo de água e alta queda.*
02:18 🔧 *As comportas-guia das turbinas Kaplan regulam o fluxo de água de acordo com a demanda de energia.*
03:13 ⚡ *As lâminas das turbinas Kaplan são rotacionadas para manter a velocidade constante do rotor, mantendo a frequência da eletricidade produzida constante.*
04:38 🌪️ *As lâminas das turbinas Kaplan são torcidas para manter o ângulo de ataque ótimo em relação à velocidade relativa da água.*
Made with HARPA AI
Thanks
Can you do a video on pelton turbines going more into the detailed physics behind them
Great Video! Why does the water pressure increase when the pipe is wider at the end? Should it not decrease because pressure is Force/Area?
I could be wrong but are there not two separate forces acting on the blades?
Splitting the water flow would cause a low pressure area blow each blade as is discussed but also the water hitting the top of the blade would be forced to deviate from its straight path thus imparting an inertial force to the blade.
The amount of force imparted to the blade would depend on the angle and the speed of the water, both of which are variable.
It was a good video. My question is how does it filter out rocks tree limbs and stuff like that?
It’s an AI voice? Really nice!
I’ve an electricity channel and this animation video is my dream to one day built a vid like that
You should focus more on the titles and thumbnails of your videos. Even if your video content is excellent, people may not click on it if the titles and thumbnails are not engaging.
kool!!
Valeu!
Why does increasing the size of the draft tube with an end flare reduce the cavitation effect? One would think that increasing the volume of the tube in a low pressure situation would future decrease the water pressure resulting in more cavitation. I guess, because it causes an increase in flow rate that results in a pressure increase to more than compensate for the increase in post turbine tube volume?
Wow mantaf
05:14 This I struggle to understand. At 05:34 the increase of area is explained as the solution - how can the pressure get higher of this?
Please make a video on hydraulic motor.
Was not aware but you learn some thing knew every day so what about a hydrogen production plant for the home I would like to see that
Kaplan are good only for hydroelectric power plants with relatively low jumps, otherwise you would go for a Francis or a pelton turbine
👏👏👏👏👏
Sería genial que doblarais vuestros vídeos al español
Would think if a lift force wasworking on the top surface of the blade, it would spin the other way (pulling the top of the blade in the direction it is facing.
Isnt this just kinetic energy turned into rotational energy?
Edit: I see what they mean - the lift force is at the bottom of the blade and not the top. Still not sure that this is that majority of the force that turns the turbine.
If the generator has to run at a specific RPM how can the power output increase if it cant spin faster? I get that the vanes increase the flow rate and the blades adjust to maintain rpm but how does that increase output?
My (limited) understanding is that as load increases, so does the resistance experienced by the generator, and thus the turbine. By having more water flowing over the blades and adjusting the angle of those blades, the extra lift can generate more power by pushing back harder on the generator, overcoming the resistance to maintain output frequency.
❤
I am bit confused how angle of attach is optimum when it is along the blade but not perpendicular to the blade. Can't that perpendicular angle of attach produce more energy harvest
Why is this design not on large ships?
excellent sir
yes I benefit
5:34 how could increasing area result into increasing pressure 🤔
increasing in surface area of water wouldn't result into more bubbles ?
Or its that the increased area will allow air to flow in opposite direction of water to manage pressure
Wouldn't it be dangerous 🤔🤔🤔🤔🤔
Aaaaaa can't understand
2:25 it looks a VNT/VGT Turbo but ginormous
Thank you for both enlightening me and confirming how much of a smartarse I am.
I hadn't thought about blades being aerofoils.
I'm still uncertain what the blades look like in those special hydro plants which are used as instant suppliers of electricity when there's a surge in demand. You know, the ones that pump the water back up to a top reservoir at night when the cost of electricity is cheaper.
👍👍👍
Now set them to work on the constant flow power of the oceans' currents & shoreline waves. ~ ''gIDDY uP !!!
Same like a turbo does in an internal combustion engine
Just curious. Im not a scientist but is it an airfoil or a hydrofoil?
Ownage pranks did the narration
How You Make This Video ❤ can you say me
Make a video about Tesla turbines (Yes guys, that's a thing)
every diagram and animation shows governor blades stationed verticaly, butin reality what about the fact that there are facilities with no casing structure but a concrede spiral chamber (wtich does the same job) the turbine sits on/inside the floor, the intake and the governor blades are positioned inside a narowing shroud about 40 cm from the floor, and the governor blades are positioned not verticaly but at an angle about 30 degrees (it could be less i have never mesured them down there) betwen the cros section and ground simply imagine a 90 degre angle where the hipotenuse is the cros section of the governor blade, the bottom cathetus is the floor , and the side cathetus would be the shaft, is there a efficency benefit in my described system becuse the water does not have to make a 90 degree turn. or am i just misunderstanding something , because now that i understand that it is a flow floil thing and not the other way around that the blade must be perpendicular towards the flow. Anyway grate video. Ps My family owns a small plant and im an operator and mechanic (self taught mentored by my father)
✅✅✅
Like a mikrohidro turbine
Is the presenter malayali ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
Just velocity not get well...
I know but representation is the best ❤
Why is it called airfoil 0:27 when it is in water. 😅
These blades are an "airfoil"? air is a compressible fluid, water is not and these blades are designed differently.
Was ist mit den Patenten von Herr Schauberger???