Small Signal Amplifiers

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  • čas přidán 22. 05. 2024
  • Using transistors to amplify low-level signals.

Komentáře • 265

  • @noelpalacio5634
    @noelpalacio5634 Před 11 hodinami

    I studied electronics about 30 years ago and graduated with honors. I can honestly tell you that you are one in a billion. The way you explain the circuit and answer all the questions that pop into my mind as I am listening to your lecture, leaves all my teachers in shame. E😊xcellent description of what is going on in the circuit. Thank you.

  • @stever3886
    @stever3886 Před 2 měsíci +66

    seriously. ……..this 50 times the quality lecture than ANYTHING i ever got in college! time well spent watching this incredible video !

  • @jitsinghobhi
    @jitsinghobhi Před 2 měsíci +52

    I have very rarely met a person whose concept is so clear in teaching, master of his subject, full regards

  • @TheGspencer
    @TheGspencer Před 24 dny +12

    I highly recommend your videos to anyone who needs to establish a solid base for learning. Very refreshing and informative to watch.. I especially enjoyed the problem solving which reinforces the learning. After 60 years (at 81) I still truly love electronics!!!

    • @richardlynneweisgerber2552
      @richardlynneweisgerber2552 Před 14 dny

      Turning 69 this month, with a newly-rekindled, though not quite free of external crabby people getting in the way of my rebuilt workbench, two9 power supplies arriving soon for Analog and ESP32 & maybe some other stugg.
      Back in 2020 I re-arranged my budget, managed the most severe case of G.A.S. {Gear Acquisition Syndrome, part being an echo from '69 or so, '72ish more likely, "Yes"'s use of Eventide's massively impressive "Musical Instrument Effects", Harmonizer, Pitch-Shifter. all that.
      Now I just had to get all four of their "Factor Stompboxes", ZOIA & Beebo & Mbira w/pickups. and a Dobro, all sorts of MIDI Controller gizmos, i went crazy four ars straight, Reverb banned me for life., two three years to learn it all now. phew/ my mom always said I was not raised right. well once ;-)
      Alll just so I can have this huge driving force, "Get the workbench together, nobody sells the matrix mixer I need to loop them.
      So qty 100 LM13700 and a whole bunch of supporting cast members.
      KiCad 8 being out now, larn that to PCB. My Childish Grandiosity Gland is nearly as big as my Empathy Gland is. Underneath all this is this Conspiracy that I invented, 50Hz & 60Hz the AC Power Grid runs on has been hypnotizing folks for ages and
      ADHD has me doing nothing but watching videos or reading articles of other folks doing it, So, now I have to dig around and kick-out the 'living vicariously on others' successes" or worse
      Take Care
      What sorts of experiments do you do? RISC V is gardangblang tempting to switch to. after 2/3 of my life's avocation was in Micro$oft's pocket, literally for 13-14 years tech support then device testing testing the tests that test the devices .
      in closing, since Apriil 12, 1861, then re-doubled January 6, 2020
      The Central Column of OUR Flag Pole has Indelibly Etched upon its Entire Surface;
      “The Preservation of Life, & Liberty, & the Pursuit of Happiness”
      The Right Face of OUR Flag has Indelibly Etched upon its Entire Surface;
      “The Preservation of Liberty, & Happiness, & the Pursuit of Life”
      The Left Face of OUR Flag has Indelibly Etched upon its Entire Surface,
      “The Preservation of Happiness, & Life, & the Pursuit of Liberty,”
      Formerly-United State Of America
      HAS NO CONSTITUTION
      beware the fake XR2206 function generators on eBay, Aliwhatchits, temu, all fake, most likely the close-cousin ICL8038 function generators are phony as well.
      i saw a couple by one guy that nearly had them sorted-out, beginning like always, "Datasheet(s)? Check, BOM in this kit? WTF! some parts are 10x what they aare specced to use., but it remains more a document to his gradually realizing, "something just ain't right with these chips."
      lm13700 are for the VCA at each of the two by eight inputs mixed through 8x8 Crosspoint VCAs here Outputting to a pair of eight Attenuverters, for Audio & CV for modular synth use. a thing stuck in my todo list for twenty-plus years, we'll see , but there are plenty of tools & parts, not like '82 when the Heathkit Analog and Digital Electronics kits had me integrating Boolean Algebra in with the language bits shifting bits in Venn Diagrams and Karnaugh Maps. a note to close on
      shhhhh
      i got to press play on this teacher, thanks
      be safe

    • @R.Akerman-oz1tf
      @R.Akerman-oz1tf Před 11 dny

      Could have done better, but the lesson was well done; in any event.

  • @Swanicorn
    @Swanicorn Před 2 měsíci +25

    This is brilliant. The fact that you even mention the different faults in the end helps so much.

  • @williamwalker8107
    @williamwalker8107 Před 3 měsíci +49

    I like that after all the explanation of the amplifier circuit at about 1/2 way through the video he stops, looks at the camera for a moment and states "except it can't work".

    • @ericlindal8008
      @ericlindal8008 Před 3 měsíci +3

      That guy explains everything, great lecture.

    • @ezianc
      @ezianc Před 2 měsíci +2

      Like my father explaining how life works... Then says ..

    • @laetitiazichy-vanlidth5882
      @laetitiazichy-vanlidth5882 Před 2 měsíci +1

      Waiting for that😊😅

    • @henrypfister2902
      @henrypfister2902 Před měsícem

      Yeah that was funny

    • @mcameron63
      @mcameron63 Před měsícem +1

      It’s important to understand that voltage does not flow. It is just a measure of potential energy between 2 points. Usually between a node in the circuit and ground or between 2 points. Current is the flow of electrons (or holes depending on how you were taught EE). You must have a potential (voltage) between the 2 points in order for current to flow from the first point to the other. A load is usually placed between the 2 points to perform some function. A resistor is a load used, for example, to keep the current between the two terminals of the battery from quickly draining the battery. So when he says there is 10 volts at some point in the circuit, he is implicitly saying there is a potential of 10 volts between the point and ground.

  • @PaulSmith-tt2cy
    @PaulSmith-tt2cy Před 2 měsíci +39

    I'm an electrical engineer with 40 years experience and I watch videos like this to help me understand how I can help my students better and you know I just saw your video man this is awesome

  • @geoffedwards189
    @geoffedwards189 Před 2 měsíci +24

    Thankyou! I am an electronics novice and I get very frustrated by so called "learning" channels who don't explain what functions individual components are doing in the circuit. This is brilliant! I have subbed.

  • @velvetdoug
    @velvetdoug Před 3 měsíci +18

    "Except it can't work" This is a fantastic video. Thanks so much

  • @BrightLibra
    @BrightLibra Před 2 měsíci +18

    I remember these days of lecturing. This fellow really knows the subject. He shows it by telling us (his students) practical uses for the information. Most would just say, "The signal is amplified through the addition of a resistor here, and then one here on the negative side of this AC input." He could just stop there, smile, and take a sip of coffee. But, no - he really does know, and he wants us to know too... so he shows things would be like if this shorts, or this opens. I was enthralled through this entire lecture, and certainly plan to see as many as I can. Thank you.

    • @stargazer7644
      @stargazer7644 Před měsícem

      That's because this lecture isn't aimed at circuit designers, it is aimed at technicians who will be troubleshooting the circuits.

  • @certuv
    @certuv Před 7 dny +2

    Thank you very much. In my retirement I am making a hobby of fixing radios' amps and sometimes old computers. You have explained clearly
    the circuits to me.

  • @TheAnimeist
    @TheAnimeist Před 2 měsíci +8

    Best practical description of amplifiers I've heard yet. The troubleshooting was icing on the cake.

  • @georgeg.4943
    @georgeg.4943 Před 2 měsíci +7

    Any aspiring novice getting started in electronics should see this video. As a former instructor and engineer I was absolutely taken aback at how elemental and complete basic instruction this video is. This is the epitome of Transistor Design 101. Takes me back to my days in 1962 when I started my transistor engineering classes. Great work.

  • @RobbyMatthias
    @RobbyMatthias Před 2 měsíci +10

    As everybody else has said; A 'brilliant-lecture' that is 'highly-informative'! Bravo!!

  • @pierusa123
    @pierusa123 Před 2 měsíci +9

    I used this circuit with a coil and variable capacitor to make a simple radio back in 1967. Thanks for the lecture.

  • @ta6hbe
    @ta6hbe Před 2 měsíci +7

    Excellent demonstration and lecture. Thank you very much for your contribution. I studied Electrical and Electronic Engineering at my undergraduate degree, about 25 years ago. You are the first lecturer, I have ever heard, that actually clearly explained why a transistor arrangement like this, actually has inverting characteristic of the input signal voltage. You are a brilliant teacher, as far as I am concerned. Thank you again!

  • @flipvansaksen774
    @flipvansaksen774 Před 2 měsíci +9

    Amazing lecture. Starting from scratch until the full circuit. Congratulations. I wish I had you as a teacher years ago 🙂

  • @miguelmouta5372
    @miguelmouta5372 Před 2 měsíci +7

    This is real expertise in electronics and in teaching. Congratulations Sir.

  • @G0USL
    @G0USL Před 2 měsíci +5

    Excellent explanation, I learned small signal amplifier design 40 years ago. This was a great refresher. Thanks again

  • @georgeadeka7984
    @georgeadeka7984 Před 2 měsíci +8

    This 1000 times better than what I went through. I am beginning to believe our lectures never mastered what they taught us. They were just teaching by memorizing

  • @ericlindal8008
    @ericlindal8008 Před 3 měsíci +12

    Great lecture! A natural teacher. Awesome explanation of the DC blocking properties of a capacitor, you often hear of isolation and ac coupling in instrumentation . I spent much of my career in the lab dealing with instrumentation, various transducers, and digital signal processing. Instrumentation amplifiers are so important in testing and prototyping systems. Luckily I could just pick out an Instrumentation Amplifier IC from Analog Devices. Usually requires positive and negative voltages to power the chip

    • @user-gp9si1op3t
      @user-gp9si1op3t Před 2 měsíci

      Учите русский язык. Ничего не понятно

  • @daltongrantham9729
    @daltongrantham9729 Před 2 měsíci +5

    Wow. What a teacher. Absolutely stunned at how simple you made this to understand

  • @garygranato9164
    @garygranato9164 Před 2 měsíci +5

    this is the most descriptive explanation of the a transistor amp i have found so far. thank you for making this video.

  • @masterchain3335
    @masterchain3335 Před měsícem +2

    Oh wow, this was the explanation of transistor amplifiers that I've been waiting for my whole life. I've seen some great explanations about the math and calculating the values, but I've never really understood why any of these resistors are even there in the first place and what effect they actually have on the circuit.

  • @Polynuttery
    @Polynuttery Před 2 měsíci +7

    That was near perfect. I wish I had been able to learn from this guy 40 years ago.

  • @smaransuthar663
    @smaransuthar663 Před 2 měsíci +6

    Thank you, the first video that actually explained it in depth.

  • @sophiestabilitron3771
    @sophiestabilitron3771 Před 2 měsíci +5

    Excellent lesson, master! Thank you. A supposedly week long lecture about transistor biasing was discussed by you in this almost an hour video. Very clear and concise. I also learned new, why that capacitor on the emitter side should be there. All the best!

  • @pboston6RR
    @pboston6RR Před 3 měsíci +6

    I have been using the 2N2222 for years as a switch and now I find how 8t works as an amp. Thanks for a great explanation.

    • @thelongislandguy
      @thelongislandguy Před 11 dny

      Also look at 2N3904. It has the same gain as the 2222 but at lower current.

  • @mitchnn
    @mitchnn Před 2 měsíci +6

    Wow, finally understand how transitor work!!!!

  • @Kevkimkayla
    @Kevkimkayla Před 6 dny +1

    No words to describe how grateful i am . Ave been dying to make my own fm/am transmitter to switch things wireless n have some fun but failed terribly.after watching this content,my hopes resurrected I got a revelation. do me a favour pliz, continue to the fm /am modulation part. I can now amplify my mic signal n the colpitts ascillator effectively, thanks alot

  • @pasanwaidyatillake5758
    @pasanwaidyatillake5758 Před 2 měsíci +4

    He is going so deep on the topic... Wonderful

  • @robertpeters9438
    @robertpeters9438 Před 2 měsíci +2

    This is the best description of transistor operation I have seen.

  • @paulschumacker9901
    @paulschumacker9901 Před 6 dny

    Another advantage of the emitter resistor is that it dramatically increases the input impedance looking into the base. This is really important when trying to amplify a signal from a device with a high output impedance, such as a dynamic or ribbon microphone.

  • @MrAssembler
    @MrAssembler Před měsícem

    I really appreciate the Troubleshooting part at the end,
    troubleshooting is where the thinking and understanding happens.

  • @daveb7999
    @daveb7999 Před 2 měsíci +3

    I sure do know a lot more about small signal amplifiers than I did before watching this video.
    Thanks for this great lesson, consider me subscribed! You really do have a way of explaining what is going on in these circuits. The circuit really makes sense now, remarkable!
    Thanks again!

  • @Tyler75D
    @Tyler75D Před 2 měsíci +3

    Absolutely the best video I've found on this topic!

  • @MrDoneboy
    @MrDoneboy Před 11 měsíci +3

    This video is by far your most complex, Bob. Especially, since you said trial and error, is the best way to determine the component values!

  • @barryfandango863
    @barryfandango863 Před 2 měsíci +4

    This is great. Thankyou. After years spent try😅ng to understand this stuff you bring a real clarity to the subject.

  • @hacksontable5850
    @hacksontable5850 Před 26 dny +1

    This is by far the best explantion I have ever seen on this topic. Thank you very much.

  • @locustvalleystring
    @locustvalleystring Před měsícem

    You just cleared up decades of fuzziness on those small-signal amplifiers. Spelling out the individual component functions helps a lot. Thanks.

  • @PaulSmith-tt2cy
    @PaulSmith-tt2cy Před 2 měsíci +1

    The straw is such an excellent analogy of the transistor because what you're doing is pinching the bass diner in majority carriers and I like your fact that I really like the example of the minus sucking instead of the positive pushing makes a lot more sense

  • @particlecloud
    @particlecloud Před měsícem

    This is very good. I have minimal electronics knowledge, never understood much about amplifiers beyond basic transistor operation. The tutorial was easy to follow and I now know a lot more. The logical step-by-step build up of the circuit is an excellent approach.

  • @Tetrakan
    @Tetrakan Před měsícem

    Great lecture. And I’m so impressed at how, in a video delivered more or less like a real lecture with almost no editing in postproduction, how infrequently the speaker says “um” or “er”. Master level public speaking and teaching skills!

  • @user-cm3zm9en7l
    @user-cm3zm9en7l Před 8 hodinami

    Very comprehensive to introduce the concept of circuit design

  • @keyd33
    @keyd33 Před 2 měsíci +2

    I wish he was my electro teacher back then 25 years ago, instead of someone that went into Bode diagram intersections when you did not even understand how a capacitor was working... :D

  • @KeithRowley418
    @KeithRowley418 Před 2 měsíci +2

    I remember learning this way back in 1973 in 1st year college.

  • @youtubeaccount931
    @youtubeaccount931 Před dnem

    Thinking about the circuit in terms of both AC and DC components was a breakthrough for me. thanks!

  • @beatlessteve1010
    @beatlessteve1010 Před 15 dny

    I loved the lesson, total flashback for me of when I enrolled at ITT-Technical Institute for an EET Degree back in 89". You reminded me of my Electronics fundamentals teacher Mr. Kotwika, who was a long-time Navy instructor and began teaching in the private sector at ITT.

  • @marvelupthrustenforcer3573
    @marvelupthrustenforcer3573 Před 2 měsíci +3

    one of the lectures i have ever had on small signal amplifiers.IT HAS NEARLY ANSWERED ALL MY QUESTIONS IN JUST ONE LECTURE

  • @johneagle4384
    @johneagle4384 Před 5 měsíci +2

    Thank you! We all see these circuits with resistors and capacitors, but no one explain their function in the circuit.

  • @eolhcytoos
    @eolhcytoos Před 2 měsíci

    Clear and concise presentation. I particularly like the way you reinforce the understanding by briefly revisiting an earlier explanation of the said part. Probably the best explanation of small signal amplifiers that I have come across. Excellent!

  • @tn7198
    @tn7198 Před 2 měsíci +1

    I've been trying to learn about audio effects, starting with transistor based circuits for boosting a signal, overdrive, etc. It has been surprisingly complicated! This is one of the best explanations I've found in the last 3-4 months. Your explanations are outstanding.

  • @joseantonioteixeiraazevedo5166
    @joseantonioteixeiraazevedo5166 Před 2 měsíci +1

    Amazing! Impressive! I've never seen anyone "reason" circuits this way! Thank you very much.

  • @peatmoss4415
    @peatmoss4415 Před 2 měsíci +1

    Microphone, transformer, battery, transistor, PA system and soda straw in just the 1st few minutes!
    I didn't wait around for "Imagine water in a pipe..."

  • @josefbuman7907
    @josefbuman7907 Před 2 měsíci +1

    Best explanation about the working of an ssa I ever heared! Great video!!!

  • @elboron6774
    @elboron6774 Před měsícem

    As an eletrical student this is by far the best video I have ever watched, thank you!

  • @MattFieldPhoto
    @MattFieldPhoto Před 2 měsíci +3

    This is an absolutely excellent lecture - well done

  • @antonnym214
    @antonnym214 Před 18 dny

    Thank you for the suction idea as an analog to explain resistance. I understood that just fine.

  • @m.edwardburton6247
    @m.edwardburton6247 Před 11 dny

    Great video! Thank you very very much for your time and effort. I'll be viewing the others on your channel.

  • @alguti2000
    @alguti2000 Před 18 dny

    I'm familiar with signal amplifiers, although I normally use op-amps. I use formulas from the datasheets to determine values for resistors and capacitors for the circuit behavior I want. However, I really didn't understood how all of these physically works. That is, until I watched this video. If I wish I had a professor that explained it like he does -- formulas would've made more since back then, making them easier to learn.

  • @guilletrost1319
    @guilletrost1319 Před měsícem

    your presentation was very clear, especially for those of us who don't speak English daily.

  • @hankosaurus
    @hankosaurus Před 2 měsíci +1

    Very useful lecture. Thank you! I was a little puzzled by the positive current flow perspective at the beginning. I was taught that electrons go from the cathode/emitter/source to the plate/collector/drain and are attracted to (sucked to, so to speak) the positive terminal of the B+ battery. Hearing that the current was sucked towards ground got me confused for a few seconds while I sorted out your perspective.

  • @bloguetronica
    @bloguetronica Před 24 dny

    Nice video! Very well explained and concise.

  • @mrsubedi123
    @mrsubedi123 Před 18 dny

    way of your teaching style is amezing Sir , my teacher tried his best to make me understand about this but he couldn't , this video helped me a lot to understand ...

  • @jrsolomon5960
    @jrsolomon5960 Před 5 dny

    Best lecture on small signal analysis

  • @alkharusi1717
    @alkharusi1717 Před 11 měsíci +10

    You are the best 👏👍

  • @raymondjackson6069
    @raymondjackson6069 Před 2 měsíci

    Thank you. Guys like this make this world just a little better! One learning video at a time...

  • @peterjansen4826
    @peterjansen4826 Před 2 měsíci

    I wish that most teachers at a university would have his talent of teaching: understanding what is and is not logical to newcomers in the subject.

  • @LISANCACOM
    @LISANCACOM Před 4 měsíci +3

    Excellent, thanks. Your education skill is amazing.

  • @NedBoukharine
    @NedBoukharine Před 2 měsíci

    Thank you very much for this luminous exposition of the subject. I have taken electronics courses in college quite some time ago, got excellent grades, but never reached this level of deep comprehension of the topic after listening to your lecture. My understanding was based more on rote mathematical heavy guns rather than the pragmatic simple method you use.
    A testimony that a good teacher is hard to come by and he can make a big difference.

  • @danstark462
    @danstark462 Před 2 měsíci +1

    That was a lot of information and insightful. I learnt a lot. I am saving this in my electronic folder.

  • @davidmukege6967
    @davidmukege6967 Před 2 měsíci +2

    Can't find more likes to thank this lecture. Its soo imformative. Thank you. +1 new subscriber

  • @jw228w
    @jw228w Před měsícem

    great video.the whiteboard and eraser is a game changer by taking away components that are not necessary for the instruction at the moment.
    John

  • @pooryalotfi1968
    @pooryalotfi1968 Před 13 dny

    thank you for this master piece and i really dont understand why you dont have more subs! you should have above 100k but unfortunately people tend to follow an instagram influencer with useless videos more than someone that deserves it!!!! thanks again

  • @naris7572
    @naris7572 Před 2 měsíci

    This is brilliant. A super practical lecture from an experienced one telling the the things with a simple and intuitive words. Admired.

  • @janbill79
    @janbill79 Před 2 měsíci +2

    he must of had the radio shack 130 & 1 science kit. and wondered why those resistors and capacitor are always on terminals
    of the NPN and PNP transistor's in the circuit amplifiers you build . They gave explanations ,some times, but in this depth.

  • @mscir
    @mscir Před 2 měsíci

    Great class, thank you. If you ever decide to use a signal generator and oscilloscope to demonstrate gain and distortion, etc. that would be a welcome addition to an already great class. Thank you.

  • @krzysztofzagrodny8892
    @krzysztofzagrodny8892 Před 4 měsíci +1

    Excellent lesson, many thanks. You are doing great job!

  • @danielraducu9073
    @danielraducu9073 Před 6 dny

    Greatest teacher ! I salute you Sir !

  • @chrisreich40
    @chrisreich40 Před 3 měsíci +2

    I have worked with solid-state electronics all my adult life and have never seen a circuit that includes a lower half of the bias network on the base of a transistor. To me, the resistor from the base to ground has ALWAYS been missing and I've never found an engineer who could explain to me how the transistor was properly biased without one.

  • @ekanayakemahesh2060
    @ekanayakemahesh2060 Před 3 dny

    Thanks you for your video. Very helpful. Please do keep it up.

  • @simegnewtesfaye4455
    @simegnewtesfaye4455 Před 20 dny

    I am so happy from the bottum of my heart to met you teacher🙏

  • @daveharveys
    @daveharveys Před měsícem

    Really like your practical approach to problem solving.
    Transistor calcs are very long winded and as you point out very rarely work in the real world due to variation in tolerance.

  • @laurencehand12
    @laurencehand12 Před 14 dny

    Very good explanation. Thank you! You've earned my subscription.

  • @Gary-ts6dh
    @Gary-ts6dh Před 2 měsíci +1

    11:09 - Wow! I wish I could draw a schematic that quickly!

  • @PrincePloppy
    @PrincePloppy Před 2 měsíci

    Really well explained. I subbed. You are a great teacher. I'm 4 years into learning electronics, so am always regoing over what i've learnt. You help make this clearer.

  • @ajaikumar2213
    @ajaikumar2213 Před 2 měsíci +1

    The best class which I have ever attended

  • @TheApplianceCrew
    @TheApplianceCrew Před 2 měsíci

    Excellent video and explanations, thank you!

  • @TurkVladimir
    @TurkVladimir Před 2 měsíci +1

    Thanks Great Video Presentation Helping Others Means Helping to God

  • @berryj.greene7090
    @berryj.greene7090 Před 20 dny

    Absolutely excellent!

  • @tunatuna6723
    @tunatuna6723 Před měsícem

    You are the Dr Najeeb of electronics education!

  • @davidjackson2115
    @davidjackson2115 Před 2 měsíci +2

    Thankyou for your time in sharing yr knowledge. Fully explained. explained. Ill have to rewatch with more time and care as my mind was thinking if you had the bottom side resistor and not the top then it would be in phase. Im wondering about mosfets. And thinking of a circuit that switches at a frequency say 50khz and feeds the ac signal through most then shorts out the 50khz - im thinking how they do band width modulation. Ill have to check yr site, but if not can you do such a comprehensive vid on bass and trebble, Ive always hated the graphic equalizers as in the studios they like have a hundred etc... so here is public joe pissing around with his 5 or 7 band wheres the old bass and trebble with loudness sounded much better and quicker / simple to adjust without screwing the sound completely up. Also - the "magnetic amplifier" Ive always dreamed of building my own amp with something like six amps, 2 bass / 2 mid and 2 trebble with the two amps split, one value and the other amp transistor and being able to adjust between the two and I figure you adjust the three twins with the balance of tone between valve and mosfet with a Master Volume.

  • @michalis1256
    @michalis1256 Před měsícem

    Just brilliant! I've been looking for such a video for many many years!

  • @michaelrogers3078
    @michaelrogers3078 Před 2 měsíci

    You are an excellent teacher.

  • @Spentelectrons
    @Spentelectrons Před 3 měsíci +1

    Hurray for Bob. He deserved way more and got used. Good for him for leaving

  • @opal177
    @opal177 Před 2 měsíci

    Thank you.
    Lucky me to have come across your channel.
    Even I have understood now.

  • @konglyyi2681
    @konglyyi2681 Před 13 dny

    sir I never understand when I was at school untill I watch your video

  • @q12x
    @q12x Před 2 měsíci +2

    excellent lesson !

  • @jhoncharlesdf.1599
    @jhoncharlesdf.1599 Před měsícem

    ..from last comment, Yes Its a amazing explanation, any people can learn from your channel Mr Teacher!!, very nice to listen!, thank you!

  • @saeedhp794
    @saeedhp794 Před měsícem

    as nearly all comments said that, very nice. Thank you.