Lars Ulrich Drum Fails: I ANALYZE and FIX them all
Vložit
- čas přidán 1. 12. 2020
- Patreon - / emcproductions
Merch Store - www.redbubble.com/people/EMCp...
Insta - / underwatrdrummr
Twitter - / emcdrums
Facebook - / underwatrdrummr
SubReddit - / emcproductions
Discord - / discord
Check out some great deals from Sweetwater here - imp.i114863.net/c/2362548/946...
Main Channel - / underwatrdrummr
Dump Channel - / emcdump
Steven Sassafrass Channel - / amazngdrummr27
Linda’s Channel - / @everyoneloveslinda
Intro Cadence - “False Hype” by EMC
Background Cadence - “White Boy Smooth” by EMC
Download these beats here - • EMC Background Cadence...
EMC Free Sheet Music Catalog - drive.google.com/drive/folder...
Sign my Petition so I can marry my Cowbell - chng.it/75cg924fSL
Video Sources:
Lars Ulrich Fails 2019 Compilation - • Lars Ulrich Drumming F...
Metallica-"Some Kind of Monster" Documentary (Abridged Version) - • Metallica-"Some Kind o... - Hudba
this guy is the steve terry berry of drumming
I LITERALLY THOUGHT IT WAS HIM OML
This is so incredibly accurate I cant believe you said that
Except Stevie can play the guitar
Accuracy
YESSSS!!
Fun fact: Eric says good morning because he hasn’t slept since 2015.
Wow
I love you man, that was on point, can't stop laughing!!
@Pokemonweeaboopikachuninja boi yeah , just woke up and watching this
Lars used to sound great back in the early 90's when he still cared. He got lazy and his mistakes are a result of not preparing and that is inexcusable.
Very much this! As a fan of the band I never expected Lars to be the best drummer. I just wished that he stayed consistent with his late 80s/early 90's form.
The fact that he's deteriorated because he hasn't bothered to practice over the years to retain his skills because of his no care attitude is inexcusable. I mean compare his performances from the last couple of years with Seattle '89 or Moscow '91...it's pretty fucking hard to believe it's the same person doing the drumming.
@@jonathanziman6269 Indeed. I doubt Lars even practices anymore which every musician has to do to keep their skills honed. He also hasn't bothered much with using proper technique instead relying on stamina alone, which worked well enough for him when he was in his 20's and 30's, but not so much now that he's nearing his 60's.
@@jonathanziman6269 and that's because music is a discipline just like martial arts or sports. One need to practice for ever.
He’s also probably high as shit on stage
It’s true. Lars has so many haters, and I wonder how many them got to experience him at his prime. He didn’t used to be a punchline. Once upon a time, he was respected by his fans and peers.
I also remember Neil Peart was HUGE at the same time, so people started to unfairly expect metal drummers to have the same skill set as prog drummers and we got bands like Avenged Sevenfold and Meshuggah out of it.
Lars is counting money instead of beats
Not gonna lie, this made me lol
I think he starts to be worried about money
Ye$$$
He always keeps his eyes out for a rainbow too busy looking for his pot of gold to think about drum stuff
@@bojangles6444Like you know him. You are clueless.
"Why dont you try a more solid beat"
😭😅 pissing myself
I like to imagine a show where James just keeps repeating “let justice be served! LET JUSTICE BE SERVED! let justice be served!”
Oh, and that part in Frayed Ends is 4/4 then 2/4 in the studio recording. with the two crashes on the 2/4. He just messed up the fill.
Exactly
My thoughts exactly
came to the comments to make sure this was pointed out
Thank you.
I think his tom mics kinda failed
Imagine joining the Marine Corps and spending all your money on chickens
As a former Line Corpsman, I can say my Infantry Marines spent their money on far worse stuff.
@@patrickschaeffer9703 whats worse?
@@rimmey_v sex dolls, cheap beer and strippers
Eric, I just wanted to let you know that I was going to give up trying to audion for a group. But after watching some of your videos I realized that if I gave up, I wouldn't ever get the chance to get in. So thank you for inspiring me to keep trying.
Good job keep going.
That’s usually what giving up means lmao…. You lose the chance to succeed at whatever you gave up on. Duh
Follow Lars formula and don't practice. Find someone who writes acceptable riffs and you are done my friend. Like Phoebe once said, you don't need a guitar to learn how to play it.
James Hetfield is the real drummer in that band, his time is so solid Lars can just fuck up without causing a major problem
Imagine how much better Hetfield would be if he wasn't held back by Lars's drumming.
@@TheCrimsonIdol987 exhibit A: Battery featuring Dave Lombardo at the Download Festival in 2004 (?)
@@ileanasantamaria2364 exhibit B: creeping death featuring Joey Jordison (RIP)
This is so true
James also plays drums. Lars isn't even the best drummer in Metallica lmao
In Fail #4 he actually meant to do that measure of 2/4. It’s from the song Frayed Ends Of Sanity, he was actually pretty close to the original fill in that piece
Yeah,
But I do think that literally everyone in the crowd noticed that mistake cause in the song it self, the fill is really clear in rythm while in the live it was just one big mess lmao
yeah nobody actually cares more about the count in lol. that drum fill was ass
@@ejv.96 but EMC assumed the 2/4 measure was an error by saying “there was a 2/4 measure and I don’t think he wanted that” but the song actually has that measure of 2/4. So that part of the fill he got spot on.
"Close enough" is not a good phrase for someone who is a millionaire, practice Lars, practice! 😂
I love Metallica, I’ve seen them multiple times. I saw them in San Antonio, opened with Blackened, and the drums started without him being behind his kit. He caught up though. One of the funniest quotes I saw was: Interviewer to James: “How is it playing with the best drummer in rock?” His response “He’s not even the best drummer in the band.”
The intro is never with real drums .
But actual playing i don't think .
Especially in 80's when playing sample with click track headphones wasnt an option .
That's originally a Paul McCartney quote about Ringo.
That interviewer must be an idiot then
@@MrMatthiasSchneider according to McCartney that quote was taken out of context. Mainly because it was a joke, And it was by John Lennon.
@@Nissardpertugiu John Lennon quoted that...and he was referring to the fact paul McCartney was a very good drummer
You forgot to include all of St Anger
Trash can snare.
Haha funny original joke just like Justice no bass haha funny
@@Clayton-vn6pe "to fix this I'm going to toss that twangy snare into an active volcano..."
@@joew717 better still;
To fix this, I'm gonna replace Lars Ulrich with Joey Jordison, former drummer of slipknot. They played with him before, why not make it permanent? Lol
To be fair, there was SOME St. Anger in there...
This video reveals two things:
1)Eric Carr is going to become rich being on Lars' payroll as public relations expert
2) Eric Carr eats his boogers confirmed!
You mean Lars is a booger eater
@@ernier9745 no I mean based on his reaction to Lars eating his booger, where he didn't think it was a big deal, guilts by association. Sorry if that one was a little too complex for ya🤓
@@TruckDrivinGamer Eric can definitely be on Lars payroll as the music writer/studio drummer. Then Lars plays the concerts as just a face in the band like many many other musicians do
But Eric carr is dead
Day 10 of commenting till emc makes a gong hi-hat
Good luck!
Yes duuuuuuude
Day 2 of supporting this. ERIC DO IT PLZ
day something of knowing you
honorable quest. I shall join
Your videos are always so entertaining, funny, accurate, interesting, and well produced! Thank you! :D
You are like the first person I’ve seen realise the “...and Justice for All” mistake wasn’t Lars’ fault. Although I do agree he could have kept playing.
Any decent drummer would correct. There's a similar error of band timing in a live version of Zant can't dance by John Fogerty when the band comes in too early, and the drummer corrects to the point where the majority of people wouldn't even notice.
Fill from the fail #4 actually has that two 2/4 notes at the end originally, it's from The Frayed Ends of Sanity and it's pretty sick tbh, you should really check it out. Lars just screwed it up completely at this live performance, but time signatures were alright
and the audience probably knew what they missed.
I thought it was Steve T's video at first and was scared af when the video started
I highly doubt Lars is counting. Maybe he does and the Danish confuses him. All the ums are hard to count.
But then why the hell are Danish metal bands so good?
Lars is just bad, nothing to do with him being danish !!
Yeah, it’s cuz of the metric system.
@@jimgeary, a Royale with cheese.
Something I learned with weird time signatures. any fill can help you recover. Then turn that recovery fill into its own thing you come back to
Lars does this in battery, Orion, blackened and Dyers eve
You're a legend! The analysis of fail number 6 was epic!
never so early before!! HECK YEAH. how are you today Eric? good, I hope? love your content
you made me laugh man!!! loved it!
great job on editing!!!
Having recently found your channel, I have come to the realization that you sir, are a genius.
Lmao when Lars messes up Nothing Else matters it looks like that dude in the sunglasses heard it and was disappointed
I've watched 2 of your videos. They have been entertaining, but not a commercial per minute entertaining.
Amazing editing! Nice job!!!
In number two.... I can’t believe he didn’t try to recover to avoid the train wreck. Holy crap.
When he tried to fix the time signature of Frayed Ends I nearly died. He should listen to the original. It's gonna blow his head.
That frayed ends fix earned my like, I laughed hard man, great job
I didn’t think someone would do this I’m so happy thank you Eric I’ve been watching a lot of his fails recently haha
Get a life man!
We need a full 2 hour video of you fixing st anger
Sometimes life makes sense. Like when Eric makes a video about Lars Ulrich. I would bug my dad as a teenager all the time when I was obsessed with Lars and show him videos telling him he was the best drummer in the world. My dad is not a musician at all, but even he would look at me like he was worried about my sanity. I've come to appreciate Lars more with age, but I've also come to realize his limitations and yeah... I'm not sure where I'm going with this... kind of like Lars's fills! 😅
Thanks for the video Eric!
Really entertaining and well-edited video
You’re a fricking wizard!! Your mastery and knowledge is amazing.
You’re a huge dork, and I love it. I watch all the way through every ad to show support. I didn’t do drumline, but my wife did... so I make her watch all the parts that make me giggle.
To Eric, if you've never watched 'Some Kind of Monster' in it's entirety, you are missing one of the greatest comedic achievements of the mid 2000's. I remember when it premiered, it had a theatrical run and everything. It's basically 2 hrs 30 minutes of Metallica breaking up, having relationship therapy (via a therapist who works mostly with NFL players on the same team who can't get along), they kick Jason Newsted out of the band just for wanting to have a little side project, Lars wears a bathrobe and screams one inch away from people's faces for most of the runtime and James can't come to band practice for more than 4 hrs a day because reasons. Kirk and Rob come off as perfectly rational, reasonable guys (the band probably wouldn't function at all without them) in the middle of a crazy shitstorm of ego, but I'm telling you, it's comedy gold.
The particular clip you edited from that movie is extra funny when you realize the context. They said they wanted to go back to their "garage roots", so they rented out the entire Golden Gate presidio complex outside of San Francisco and filled it with piles of top tier equipment, and after like several months of trying to write in there, they literally get nothing out of it (it's all as bad or worse than what they play in your clip) and then I'm pretty sure James ends up having to go to rehab for a whole year, so then the camera crew has to fill a gap in runtime by interviewing Lars in a bathrobe about his weird art collection and having Dave Mustaine confront him about kicking him out of the band 20 years earlier. Thats in the first 25% of this fucking thing 😆.
It's really worth a watch, you will cringe, but you will also laugh your ass off.
You could probably do an entire series of videos like this based on every "jam session" they do in the movie. It's all based on the creation of probably one of the worst albums they've ever done, St Anger, and I honestly don't know why they wanted the whole world to see it. It is certainly some kind of monster.
This is one of the funniest comments I’ve read in a minute. Guess I’m missing out
Imagine what they have to do in the studio..splicing, punch ins etc
When they were in the studio Lars cared they don’t make albums anymore they are counting that money
Loving your channel!!
6:13 I had to double check since the 2/4 measure sounded right to me. Those two beats are in the original and they are after a measure of 4/4. It seems like he maybe just forgot how the fill went, causing the weird rests.
The problem with lars is he phoning it in . He makes up all his fills now . Stuff doesn't sound like the record anymore.
Yeah, I'm not sure why he doesn't just hire an instructor to help him learn to play live what he played on the records.
@@labelleveronica pride lol
Don’t watch a Counting Crows concert if you like their records.
@@ehess1492 uhhhh there's one thing about changing a fill or two but changing fills all over the place playing out of time . Throwing in stuff wherever makes stuff sound bad.
Let me say this , those who play drums. Try to cover any of lars drumming live. It will feel weird as hell. Weird phrasing weird timing.
Love the amount of effort on these videos man! Great job!
This is just Eric flexing his editing skills
lars is literally on my pc screensaver and this pops up...
Lars need this guy to edit all of his videos
not enough money , not enough time . . .
This is a great video!!
Genius!!! New follower here!
A guy I went to high school with once wrote an essay on why it should be socially acceptable and perhaps even encouraged for people to pick their noses in public. Sure wish I could remember the details of it! He was an interesting guy.
I would love to read that essay. He may be vindicated with the hygiene hypothesis.
You should edit his parts in the studio from now on
Good job on the video man hahaha
Ok. Just the title of this vid itself is gonna get this to like million views
Lars' drum skill is somewhere between toddler and Meg White
People who say this are the same people who have never touched a drum kit.
@@marshaltito7369 Yeah, by professional metal drummer standards Lars is nothing special but in the grand scheme of things he's still obviously a proficient drummer that would leave most people in the dust. At his peak ability he's probably even downright impressive. I'm not really a fan of the band so haven't been following them, but it really just seems like a case of someone growing complacent and letting their skills dull through lack of practice or care. Just doesn't seem like the kind of guy who is going to put in a ton of work if they're going to get paid millions either way, which as a fellow lazy piece of garbage is honestly pretty relatable.
@@TheSquareOnes Agreed on all terms. I'd say that he's more talented as a composer rather than as a drummer, tho his peak during the Justice tour was fucking amazing.
@@marshaltito7369 @Marshal Tito well, I've been drumming since the 90s and I find Lars drumming cringey as fuck... I have a 2 year old son who's drum skills are catching up to Lars. My opinion is Lars is arogant and thinks he's the god of drumming because he lucked himself into a really successful band that's propped up by the guitar and bass playing
@@icedink87 He doesn't think he's a god and despite what you think of him, most of what he says is incredibly dry sarcasm. And let's be honest, Lars during the justice tour was fun to watch.
Theres far bigger issues with his drumming than most of that. Just missing a few snare hits, who cares its live drumming.
The speeding up and changing tempo through his rolls are the bigger fails.
It depend at what level.
Make tempos variations and interactions were all over Keith moon , Bill ward , even Mahavishnu orchestra records back then , but not nobody give the rap to them .
If you do a click track on thoses , it don't work either .
Lets say that Lars mooves too much when its not appropriate .
But actually make pushes in the music isnt a crime
@@Nissardpertugiu mate most of those drummers you mentioned were doing it before click tracks. And they dont have the same issues im refering to. When a drummer does a drum roll they need to maintain the same tempo through the roll.
Lars does not do that. And thats what makes him bad.
Thats all i need to say.
@@rod7620 They don’t need to, it’s standard practice but it’s not wrong to change the way you’re pulsing a buzz roll if you’re doing it on purpose
@@Histgyph If you are changing the tempo of the roll during the roll... its WRONG. Period.
@@rod7620 sounds like you just don’t like music. People mix 16th notes and 8th notes everyday and it’s not a problem. The standard way to practice all rudiments is to start slow, speed up, then slow back down. And that’s exactly what herta is. Also, playing 1 e and a 2 e and a 3 and 4 is completely fine. Sure, it makes more sense to use natural sticking when alternating sticking would cause you to start beats on your left hand when not using triplets, or to just double stroke the 16th notes, but that doesn’t mean it’s wrong to play it as a single stroke roll. It’s never been wrong to play notes of different length without using a sticking that would cause you to not do multiple single or double strokes in a row. If you were talking about actually changing tempo then it would make more sense to just say that, if in many of their songs there are slight tempo changes between measures, and they’re intentional, so that would actually be the more correct way to play it, as opposed to playing at the same tempo despite what’s written in the music.
I remember watching fail 3 .. and the 1st couple beats i understood what groove he was after. Needed more foot work with those odd snares. Creating tension and unresolved. Id bet if he wouldn't have been discouraged so quickly under the scrutiny of filming he would have figured it out. Brought it full circle and locked it in.
So nice to fix all his FLUBS! ... Oh, and nice Christmas Tree outside your window! 🎄🎅🤶🎄
I thought “One” would be in here somewhere as Lars always screws the pooch on the sixtuplets.
After watching this, I had to go watch Danny Carey to cleanse my soul...
Somehow CZcams only just flagged this video on my feed, but better late than never, video gave me a great laugh.
Finished to this. Thanks, pal.
Hey buddy, thanks for using my edited version at 0:58
I'm glad you address the elephant in the room
Also in the third measure of the first solo there should be a diddle on the first note in the second triplet.
The best thing about the Frayed Ends fill is the drum fill he recorded was easier then what he played in that clip 😂
i challenge all the drummers of the world to try to replicate the ''odd'' Larsian fills!
Time signature of Lars/0
That part of Justice isn't in 7/4. It's in 4/4 with the occasional bar of 2/4.
Yup. 4/4, 2/4, 4/4, 4/4.
Yes they did this a lot, same thing in Welcome Home (Sanitarium)
Oh this is going to be amazing
You should've watched some performances of "One" and then compared it to the recording on the album, his rushing there is unmatched
st. anger will never be fixed
The fill at the the end of that section in Frayed Ends of Sanity does have a 6 beat pulse through it. Whether it's 6/4 or 12/8 or simply starts by completing a bar of 4/4, I'm not certain unless I go back and listen to it in context. However, the atrocity that you turned it into gave me a headache. Hahahahaha
Also, missing an eighth note triplet fill in Am I Evil?, that he has played 1000+ times, is an 8/10 because of how lame it is to miss that simple of a fill.
AND ANOTHER THING!! LOL Justice is a 2 bars of 4/4 followed by a bar of 6/4. It actually appears that the band came in an entire measure early and it turned Lars' brain completely off.
100% right on And Justice.. Thts wht I was seeing happened
omg that drum fill in frayed ends was horrible but the edited version was surprisingly worse LOL drum fail: 1, edit fail: 10
The worst part about missing that fill is the disrespect to diamond head.
I see what you did there, EMC. The placement of that elephant's hiney over that suspiciously poop-looking splotch on your background image. Very cheeky, Marine. ;-)
The frayed ends of sanity fill i think that became more strange after the change lol, but it's because im listening to this song my whole life
I have a challenge for you Eric: analyse Danny Carey playing pneuma live. (And maybe transcribe some of it I’m desperate help me)
When I first saw the name Metallica; I thought it was pronounced "Metal Lica."
😂
same lol
I appreciate how at 8:33 the blobs on the Fail Score board make perfect elephant poop.
this video is basically the best example of Bethesda's game and how their mod community fix the bug. Thumbs up for the elephants !
Lars is an incredibly musical drummer that influenced many a young drummer in the 80s especially. When I heard Ride The Lightning for the first time in 1984, I was blown away. I had never heard a drummer play like that. I mean... the entire band was killer, but Lars's parts were so musical. He's an extremely talented composer of songs, and though his drums are almost always (even in the early days) pasted together from parts... the composition of those early songs was amazing. He was a huge influence on my drumming, and he deserves credit where credit is due. Also... when I saw them on the MOP tour... his drumming was far better than it was after Cliff's death. I think that may have taken some of the steam out of him, and he kinda gave up on practice.
Actually, the 4th fail is NOT a fail (at least from the technical point of view). The additional 2/4 bar with 2 quarter-notes DOES appear on the studio recording of Frayed Ends....I've got to admit though, the rest of the fill WAS quite sloppy :P
Covid self practice test hahahaha.. that definitely makes my day bro
i really thought that you were stevie t until like half of the video LMFAOAOAOAOAOAOOA
It is impossible to fix all of Lars' fails. And I say this as a fan of his since 1986.
Lars is one of the best metal drummers of all time and way more famous then you. Who are you? What is the name of your top albums you have put out? What drum awards have you won? What heavy metal band did you create? What drummers have you inspired because it’s definitely not me that was Lars who inspired me. I’m waiting for all the answers.
@@yeetfeet1878 As I noted above, I've been a fan of his since Master of Puppets was released. I spent hundreds of hours drumming along to Metallica songs. And anyone who's been of fan of theirs for some time can sadly see that his playing is drastically diminished from what it was through the AJFA era. Unsure if it's a physical issue, maybe he's got some version of the musical yips, or perhaps he can no longer put in the work needed to play at his former level as he ages. It happens. And unfortunately it's happening more and more.
@@yeetfeet1878 Simmer down Beavis! 1. Lars has inspired countless drummers. 2. Lars' chops are pretty bad. Those two statements are not mutually exclusive. He may have inspired you, and countless others, but that doesn't negate the second statement. I was a teen in the 80's and liked Metallica, I was also a new drummer and as a teen could play all of Lars' parts. They're really not that difficult, but part of the human nature is that some people are more naturally gifted than others. Try to separate facts (big picture, his chops need help) from feelings (you greatly respect Lars).
@ Russ Benoit
Just to clarify I wasn’t trying to be mean I was just Inputting my opinion. And I think he has arthritis.
@@russbenoit6061 that is not entirely true. Especially not for the last few years. They have become incredibly tight as a whole band. Before it was mostly Kirk who fucked up, which just happens. You cant do anything about it. Lars was never as bad as his reputation
You NEED to check out Neil Peart. Greatest drummer of all time
Every drummer has checked out the professor.
There is no greatest drummer of all time. There are many phenomenal drummers, but it's impossible to tell who is the best. Each of them has its own advantages.
Early squad!!! Love the content!! Semper Fi!!
Haa really cool! Nice video!!
I agree that mistakes can happen live, but you don't see these kinds of mistakes from Nicko (IM), Scott (JP) or Phil Rudd.
Lars is good, but I don't think he has anything on nicko or Scott, Phil Rudd just plays too simple to really mess up after so many years or playing the same grooves
Metallica film every show and put out unedited footage on a regular basis, they're open about the fuck ups. There's not a band out there that doesn't make mistakes sometimes, Metallica just don't care about covering it up.
@@colonopenbracketmusic I agree, every drummer messes up. some are better about covering it up than others though
@@colonopenbracketmusic In this day and age, every show is now recorded by fans via cellphones and are often uploaded on CZcams. You still don't see Nicko McBrain (as an example) screwing up and people talking about it. A good friend of mine who was a drummer was telling me how bad Lars was getting in the early 90s after seeing Metallica live a few times.
@@colonopenbracketmusic You should watch this video when you have the chance (Drum Teacher Reacts to Lars Ulrich Drum Fails - Metallica - link below). Although anyone can make mistakes (and this is normal), you don't see other professional drummers who keep their skills sharp making such mistakes (as explained in the video). czcams.com/video/_eoVm5HGH1I/video.html
So for Fail #3, Lars admitted he's sick of playing the same old rock beats that he's been doing for decades. He was trying something new and different and yes it failed but give the guy credit for having the courage to step out of his comfort zone. The problem is he's been in his comfort zone so long he has no ability to do anything outside it. Take the band Phish and their insane drummer Jon Fishman - countless examples of a drummer who can experiment with different beat/measures and make it sound excellent. Mound. Walls of the Cave. Anything from the 90's. It's crazy complicated stuff. Has he every screwed up whilst playing live? No. Because he's not from planet earth.
I actually quite liked it. It was different and I think it had some real potential. It gave some real, deliberate tension while driving you forward constantly.
THANK YOU FOR COVERING THAT NOSE DEBRIS CONSUMPTION
I am getting comic book guy vibes here. Anyway, fun vid man
I was the 69th like and at the time of the 69th like there were no dislikes.
nice
6:16 that measure of 2/4 is intentional and in the original record
James deserves a lifetime achievement award for putting up with Lars for the last 40 years.
Is the stock footage of the crowd from polish Woodstock Festival? :D I recognise it as I was there around 15 times :D
Plz rate Slipknot or try playing one of their songs
I agree he should
I’m a huge Metallica fan, but even I can say that Lars can screw up big from time to time.
The footage of elephants during Nothing Else Matters made everything else seem irrelephant 😂
I recognize that “stock footage” from Slipknots show at the download festival in 2009 😂
I honestly clicked on this thinking is was Stevie T.
Lars Ulrich is like the guy in a band that is really bad, but because he is your friend you don't want to tell him that he should find another hobby.
He is great. Just like all the others. Just watch performances from their latest tour. They're really tight. Also: No Lars no Metallica. He founded the band
He is great. Just like all the others. Just watch performances from their latest tour. They're really tight. Also: No Lars no Metallica. He founded the band
Great job, but the AJFA time signatures for that section is in (4+2+4+4)/4.
ERIC I would be so happy if you transcribed dangerous games by Keelan Tobia! I'm sure you already know but it's an I&E solo