ΙΕΡΑ ΜΟΝΗ ΑΡΚΑΔΙΟΥ & ΠΡΕΒΕΛΗΣ ΣΤΗΝ ΚΡΗΤΗ

Η ΕΚΠΟΜΠΗ ΦΩΤΕΙΝΑ ΜΟΝΟΠΑΤΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΡΤ ΤΟΥ 2022
Διεύθυνση Φωτογραφίας, Κάμερα Μανούσος Ι. Ιωάννης - Manousos Giannis Cameraman & Πέτρος Βήττας
Documentary about Crete. 1. The Arkadi Monastery 2. Monastery of Preveli
Nikon D500
Η Μονή Αρκαδίου είναι ιστορική Μονή στην περιοχή της Κοινότητος Αμνάτου του Δήμου Ρεθύμνης στην Περιφερειακή Ενότητα Ρεθύμης της Κρήτης. Η πρώτη μορφή της μονής πιθανολογείται ότι οικοδομήθηκε είτε κατά την περίοδο 961 με 1014, είτε στα πρώτα χρόνια της Βενετοκρατίας.[1]
Βρίσκεται σε ένα εύφορο οροπέδιο 23 χιλιομέτρων νοτιοανατολικά του Ρεθύμνου στο νησί της Κρήτης στην Ελλάδα.
Το σημερινό καθολικό (εκκλησία) χρονολογείται από τον 16ο αιώνα και χαρακτηρίζεται από την επίδραση της Αναγέννησης. Αυτή η επιρροή είναι ορατή στην αρχιτεκτονική, η οποία αναμειγνύει τόσο ρωμαϊκά όσο και μπαρόκ στοιχεία. Ήδη από τον 16ο αιώνα, το μοναστήρι ήταν χώρος επιστήμης και τέχνης και διέθετε σχολείο και πλούσια βιβλιοθήκη. Σε ένα οροπέδιο, το μοναστήρι είναι καλά οχυρωμένο και περιβάλλεται από ένα χοντρό και ψηλό τείχος.
Το μοναστήρι έπαιξε ενεργό ρόλο στην κρητική αντίσταση της Τουρκοκρατίας κατά την Κρητική εξέγερση του 1866. 943 Έλληνες, κυρίως γυναίκες και παιδιά,[2] αναζήτησαν καταφύγιο στο μοναστήρι. Μετά από τρεις μέρες μάχης και με εντολή του ηγουμένου της μονής, οι Κρήτες ανατίναξαν βαρέλια με πυρίτιδα, επιλέγοντας να θυσιαστούν παρά να παραδοθούν.
The Arkadi Monastery (in Greek: / Μονή Αρκαδίου) is an Eastern Orthodox monastery, situated on a fertile plateau 23 km (14 mi) to the southeast of Rethymnon on the island of Crete in Greece.
The current catholicon (church) dates back to the 16th century and is marked by the influence of the Renaissance. This influence is visible in the architecture, which mixes both Roman and baroque elements. As early as the 16th century, the monastery was a place for science and art and had a school and a rich library. Situated on a plateau, the monastery is well fortified, being surrounded by a thick and high wall.
The monastery played an active role in the Cretan resistance of Ottoman rule during the Cretan revolt of 1866. 943 Greeks, mostly women and children,[1] sought refuge in the monastery. After three days of battle and under orders from the hegumen (abbot) of the monastery, the Cretans blew up barrels of gunpowder, choosing to sacrifice themselves rather than surrender.
The monastery became a national sanctuary in honor of the Cretan resistance. 8 November is a day of commemorative parties in Arkadi and Rethymno. The explosion did not end the Cretan insurrection, but it attracted the attention of the rest of the world.
Monastery of Preveli
The Holy Stavropegiac[1] and Patriarchal Preveli Monastery of St. John the Theologian, known as the Monastery of Preveli, comprises two main building complexes, the ruined Lower Monastery of St. John the Baptist, and the currently operational Upper (Rear) Monastery of St. John the Theologian.
The monastery was probably founded in the Middle Ages, during the occupation of Crete by the Republic of Venice, its founder being a feudal lord named Prevelis. It developed over several centuries as a religious and cultural centre for the local population. After the Ottoman Turkish occupation of the island, Abbot Melchissedek Tsouderos led a group of rebels in the Greek War of Independence in 1821, one result of which was that the monastery was destroyed, but later rebuilt. In 1866 and 1878, the monastery was again active in organising rebellions against the Turks, which helped contribute to Crete's eventual independence and then its political union with Greece.
In the Battle of Crete in 1941, Agathangelos Lagouvardos helped supply British, Australian and New Zealand troops on the island, and provided shelter for them. A group of Australian soldiers protected by the monastery managed to secure their rescue by submarine from the island at Preveli Beach. After this was discovered, the Lower Monastery was destroyed by German forces.
The upper monastery contains numerous religious relics and icons, and many of its buildings, now heavily restored, are open to the public. There are also a number of monuments to the work of the monastery during the Second World War, many of them financed by rescued Australian former soldiers. Among the Allied soldiers to receive shelter and assistance from the monastery of Preveli during WWII was Australian Corporal Geoff Edwards. In commemoration, he settled the seaside hamlet of Margaret River in Western Australia calling it Prevelly.[2] A small producer of premium wines from the Margaret River region also bears the name Preveli