3.3 Manual of PCI - Pharmacology: contrast media

Contrast media contain iodine and are essential for performing coronary angiography (as they provide contrast between the vessel lumen and the surrounding tissues). Contrast is also used to clear the blood from the coronary lumen and allow imaging with optical coherence tomography and also during laser activation inside balloon undilatable stents. There are 2 main types of contrast media, low-osmolar and iso-osmolar, with the latter carrying lower risk of contrast nephropathy.
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury, allergic reactions, and thyroid dysfunction are the main side-effects associated with contrast administration.
Patients with known allergic reactions to contrast administration should be premedicated prior to the procedure. The following regimen is often used:
o Steroids (usually prednisone 50 mg at 13, 7 and 1 hours before the procedure) or 32 mg of methylprednisolone can be administered 12 and 2 hours prior to the procedure.
o Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 50 mg 1 hour prior to the procedure
o Cimetidine 300 mg orally or ranitidine 150 mg orally 1 hour prior to the procedure

[@tarkantekten3260]

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[@mohammadghani6835]

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[@brahimmhamdi6537]

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[@amrhanafymahmoud9829]

As usual excellent. Waiting for complication videos each separate

[@mahmoud27898]

Thanks

[@shangz0216]

Thanks for sharing.

[@Walker_-wv7nv]

one important correction that for anaphylaxis epinephrine should be given as intramuscular (IM) injection followed by additional doses IM or intravenous injection as needed, but not as mentioned incorrectly in the video as subcutanous injection. In the book it's mentioned intravenous which is still fine. Remember IM first, then you can give IM or IV. SQ is wrong.

[@MrAymano1]

Thanks a lot

[@nicoletta.o]

Thank you so much for your time and very educational videos!

[@mostafaadam9529]

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