3 More Islands That AREN'T Actually Islands
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- čas přidán 9. 04. 2023
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Today we revisit the topic of island biogeography to learn about some more isolated environments, each with their own collection of unique animals as a result.
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Sources:
*I actually couldn't post all my sources in the description (there's a 5000 character limit), so check out my twitter post to see them all!
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One of the most common species you can find under the Dinaric Alps, is the PMA-3 from the landmine genus.
Ah, yes. From Yugoslav’s branch of the Soviet PMN-1 Family.
@@ChrundleTGreat That's not exactly the same as the ones found all over Germany, which are invasive species coming from over the Atlantik or the Channel.
A Balkan classic
😢
An unique bottom feeder ambush predator
Here in Brazil, there is an island called Ilha da Queimada Grande, aka Ilha das Cobras/snake island. After the sea level rose, the snakes that lived there became isolated. Due to the lack of food, they decreased in size but also developed a super toxic poison. As the food was limited to small birds, the snakes had to develop a very strong venom that quickly killed the birds before they flew away. You can look this.
i think that has been covered by a lot of people before
@@ticksunbs4944 what you mean?
yes, Brazil’s snake island is very famous
This has been covered by a few people already, super interesting.... and dangerous
g=here i=jhihhiua when you and thew ][oi988 plz help
Always fun to find more videos like this on Madagascar. We natives know of it, not enough people in the world do, but it's a pretty special place in more ways than one. Especially from a biogeographical perspective.
Where did your native languages originate from.
@@mrbaab5932 The Malagasy language is an Austronesian language. In somewhere around 1500BC to 1000BC, where the Bantu people migrated to Madagascar influencing the Austronesian in culture and language. Though most of it culture and language at it's core is still Austronesians.
@@penguinpingu3807 huh for some reason I thought pre colonization madagascar was (basically) fully austronesian
How is it to live there political wise?
@@jeffbybee5207 King Julien XIII rules over the island ever since his uncle King Julien XII abdicated. He likes to party a lot.
I find watching these videos fascinating, whenever you start explaining something new I am like "Hey this sounds like this process I learned in a previous video". Love the gradual increase in my knowledge.
That’s the idea! I’m trying to build on everything we’ve learned before
@@AtlasPro1 thank you for the hard work, wishing you good luck!
@@AtlasPro1 man you really are the fucking best. Hope you can build this into a impactful career in science communication
@@AtlasPro1keep up 👍💯🔥💪💪🙏 with great work!!! I'm your Brazilian fan! Do a video about Cobra 🐍 island 🏝️ in Brazil! Someone in commentary said about that island he's also from Brazil 🇧🇷!
Great video, greetings from Slovenia, where the olms are called "human fish" or človeška ribica.
Here in Croatia, they are called čovječja ribica, so basically the same thing
In MKD it's called Chovechka Riba, so again very similar.
In Bulgarian, it's čoveška ribka
While olms are not found in poland, the term human fish would be: "ludzka ryba" but if you seperate them it becomes: "człowiek ryba" so still similar
@@justastaronblox5823 that's really close to ljudska riba, which is not its name but would mean the same thing - human fish
This made me wonder if those tiny chameleons can change color or if they just stay dry-dead-leaf color their whole lives. Apparently they can slightly adjust their color to better match their environment, but they don't ever do the chameleon thing of bright displays for communication. They'll also change color as sunscreen like mini transition lenses.
Changing color is an incredibly useful adaptation, i think will only disappear if they require heavy skin changes, like armoring up or going troglodyte
I think I finally understand why some things get bigger but other get smaller when arriving at islands.
Something like [size of animal] ∝ [productivity of region]
So when the blue whales arrive at the shallow waters which are much smaller they are pressured to shrink in size.
But the giant chamelons have much larger ranges than before on Madagascar so they grow bigger.
Kinda. It's more about the size of the niche that the animal can inhabit than simply the productivity of the region in general, which does of course play a part.
Like my terrarium.....
@@edmondantes4338 It's about the resources/priductivity they can access, regardless of the region they inhabit
Not only productivity, presence or lack of predators also play a role.
Yes, you should cover more "microclimate, unique ecosystem's, region's" like the Baja peninsula, or the cloud forest, the region with endless lightning ⚡, the highest elevation lake, or a jungle at the top of a giant flat rock type mountain. Etc, etc.
I would love to see you put together an "Islands" playlist to keep your amazing content organized in one place 😍
Just a correction, you highlighted the Kupa river in Croatia when talking about Dobličica stream in Slovenia, other than that, great video representing my and other SE European countries' wealth in cave biodiversity
Slovenia is an amazing an pretty beautiful country and their are impressive
@@irenebernal705 I absolutely agree, but I am Croatian tho
@@filipleko7386 sorry I thought you were from Slovenia. Although I have been less time in Croatia the little I saw was also gorgeous
I thought something was off, but I didn't wanna be wrong and comment about it like an idiot 😅
IMO All six of the ex YU countries are Beautiful, and I love them all. ❤😊
it's been a lot of fun watching this channel grow and change over the past couple years, the more basic overview/survey style videos were nice but your own little biogeography niche is just so good
This video brought back memories. As an 18-year old first student of a Slavic language, I was on a student association trip to Slovenia. Among other places, we visited the Postojna cave and were shown the olms. The guide explained to us that they keep a few individual olms in a basin in the tourist-accessible area with flash lights that you're only allowed to shine on them for a short spell at a time, and that even then, the weak ambient light around the basin is really too much, and they regularly send the displayed olms back into the dark and get new ones to the basin. Too much light will kill them, and that includes any amount of light if it lasts for more than, if I remember correctly, a month or two.
I'm glad someone made a video on our olms, one mistake that wasn't Dobličica, you highlighted Kupa river
I love that TierZoo is so influential that evolution is now called "specs into this niche".
It's a good metaphor.
I thought the same thing !
He wasn't the first
Not every instance of that word being reappropriated has to be connected to his online presence - "spec" just being short for "specialise"/"specialty"/"specification" is something I think most people who have played an RPG before would translate into different everyday uses outside of videogames at some point
Stop fanboying. It was used that way loooooong before the internet was a thing.
If you make a new video like this, You could talk about lake Titicaca between Peru and Bolivia, it´s the largest alpine lake in the world, and for that it is very isolated for beeing an endorrheic lake and for being in the top of the Andes mountains, it has extremely interesting examples of island effect such as adaptative radiation of killifishes and catfishes, a giant endemic frog, and an endemic flightless Grebe, check it out!
Chinchillas are from this region too, if I remember correctly
🫵🤣 Titicaca
@@MrBattlecharge yeah
I love how you go back to previous videos in your new videos, expanding on the information you presented previously. Following your videos truly feels like a widening learning experience!
There are mountain tops in New England that are island habitats for tundra plants, isolated since the end of the last ice age.
I'll make sure to look into them!
Same in Europe, plants that have this dual distribution are said to have arctic-alpine distribution.
Some of these ice age relicts can be found very far south, for example there's a population (subspecies? different species? I'm not clear on that) of white birch (Betula aetnensis) that's found in Sicily.
It's the same here in central Europe, the arctic hare being a great example. Normally these guys live all the way up in the north, in Scandinavia and the russian taiga. But here in the alps they survived since the end of the last glacial maximum.
The idea of a "one giant cave feeding species to other caves" is terrifying on a level I have never thought of before, yet at the same time, my mind is telling me it must be explored. Just not by me!!
"Far, far below the deepest delving of the Dwarves, the world is gnawed by nameless things. Even Sauron knows them not. They are older than he. Now I have walked there, but I will bring no report to darken the light of day."
- Gandalf, in _The Two Towers_
18:10 "Madagascar is an island"
Me: Magadascar is a highland*
I just want to say I have loved the recent videos. I love that u talk about old videos materials. Most educational CZcamsr either don't build off of their own videos or they already assume u have the background knowledge needed. Instead u "built your own niche" u built up views background knowledge and then expanded on that in later videos. I also love how u explain your thought process explaining how u thought one thing and learned something different after research. Great videos and keep up the great work!
At the start of the video, I immediately thought of the Tasmanian Cave Spider, Hickmania troglodytes, which is also found in caves that are hundreds of km apart. They are big critters (15 cm leg span) and live for up to 30 years.
You should also know that the local word for olm is "čovječja ribica", meaning human little fish and I just think that's neat.
There are Islands then there are Islandsn't
Boo
“Isntlands”
I approve 😂
“Aintlands”
Good one 😂
I just went to Tierra del Fuego in Patagonia and it was beautiful. And I noticed some of quite peculiarity in the climate, biodiversity and geodemographic of the area. I have been told by locals that they normally have only 3 seasons instead of 4 seasons, compared to the rest of the country. Perhaps this is also the "Island" effect due to changing direction of Andes mountain range in the south and its location in far south of the earth?
As someone who speaks enough Spanish to know what Tierra del Fuego means I think it sounds metal af
The Andes still are only north/south oriented.
it has an Oceanic climate according to koppen (Cfb and Cfc)
That's where I was born. Thing is, summer there it's unlike summer anywhere else. Is more like spring if anything else.
Caelan, I would just like to say that you consistently find the most fascinating topics to discuss and you do it in a way that is both engaging and highly informative. Your videos have become my absolute favorite on CZcams.
Another interesting example. I remember when I was young reading that the mid and southern Appalachian mountains had relict populations of plants that in modern times are found primarily much further north. The explanation given was that during the ice age maximums, colder-weather plants had thrived there and throughout the lower land as well, but that as the glaciers receded, the lower lands were invaded by more heat-hardy plants while the colder-acclimated plants had been isolated on the highlands. As I think on it, it could be that birds and bats (primarily) had spread seed in migrations. I would think that there should be quite a lot of North American and Eurasian mountains that have plants that are acclimated to conditions that prevail further north. I am thinking more of the moderate elevations - high enough that they would have substantially different conditions from the lower lands, but not so high that they have full alpine conditions, like icecaps, very thin soil, and aridity.
It would be really cool to hear your thoughts about the Tepui mountains of Venezuela/Guyana/Brazil (like the ones depicted in the movie “Up”) and how they can act like islands separating the species from the rainforest below :)
I agree. I asked the same thing.
Seeing the olm, especially the black olm, remind me of axolotls, except with longer bodies and heads. The external frilly gills especially fascinate me.
I believe that the high altitude lake environment, now canals, of Mexico City would also be considered a biogeographic island. I wonder if there are any other interesting species endemic to that habitat.
Love these "islands" videos and your blossoming educational style. 💜🌎✌️😎
I love how well spoken you are. Probably the best among educational youtubers! Furthermore, the idea of biogeography is probably one of my favourite topics to nerd out about. My favourite place on earth are the temperate rainforests of the American Pacific Northwest, the beauty is stunning, and there is nothing like that region on earth. I'd very much enjoy a video dedicated to that region (Washington, Oregon, and BC) sometime. Keep up the superior work, handsome! 😉🫠
It’s been awesome seeing the channel develop over the last few years, and to learn with you
Such an amazing concept! My obsession with islands will now expand to include caves, mountains, and peninsulas! :)
I've experienced island giganticism first hand about 25 years ago. I was from Boston and I was doing about 6 months of field work on Long Island. During that time, I gained almost 20 pounds, which was very unusual for me.
I wonder if this is something that could be actively studied? Tbf there be too many variables and no real way to have a control but even as an informal look into it.
Let's go! This series is my favorite by far!
I would love it if you used your talents to make a video on the formation of the ozark mountains. I’ve never seen a deep dive video about them and they really captivate me
Great video! I like the story of how you learn about a subject aside from just the actual information. Many CZcamsrs obscure their research process and present things as though they the information they are telling you was always known to them. You instead, weave it into the narrative. I respect that.
I think a good island analog would be mantle vents in the depths of the ocean, where chemosynthesisers are the primary producers of their environments. These regions are difficult for other creatures to reach due to the heat and pressure, acting like semi islands and changing the life around them
I wonder if there are any "islands" that are the opposite of the mountain version. (Like a huge deep sinkhole, with cliffs preventing animals from leaving).
There are giant sinkholes known as tiankengs which contain rare plants and animals in them due to the depth creating a cooler climate and also higher oxygen concentrations. I haven't found anything about unique species evolving within them but I think it's possible.
@@gabriellab4506 in what country?
@@koharumi1 china
Always great to start the week with an Atlas Pro video!!! I'm curious to see how certain islands and plateaus and rises would have been if they were above water.
One of the coolest underground animals I know about is called the waterfall climbing cave fish, found in Thailand. As it sounds, they climb underground waterfalls, but what's really cool is how they do it: They do a sort of shuffle that looks a lot like how reptiles move, alternating their front and back 'legs' in order to move forward. Definitely worth looking up videos of them walking.
That was a super creative segway into the ad sponsor at the end XD
but also, yes, it's very cool to see these "islands" create special unique species in their habitats. The species in a way always seem to be perfectly suited for their habitat no matter where on Earth.
But at one time they were not....they were an invasive species some time ago.
AWESOME JOB! I'm so glad to see more of your vids coming out. Long time fan, and I've turned a few others on to your channel, as well :) Thanks!
One of my favourite examples of cave life has to be the Movile cave in Romania, Which I believe is/was completely separated from the outside world, Yet still has its own ecosystem, Relying on chemosynthesis rather than energy brought in from outside the cave, Making it actually in some ways similar to the Hydrothermal Vents at the bottom of the ocean (Which are another quite fascinating island analogue, Actually.), As it's one of the few places on the planet where life thrives without any reliance on photosynthesis.
Your videos are just amazing, i’m a geography student from Chile and your island series would have been amazing for my biogeography course, unfortunately I took it way before you started it. Nonetheless, thanks for using the pudu and güiña as examples of insular biogeography on a continent 😊
I love islands! Imo river islands are also an interesting topic, and there's not so much information about it on the Internet
Loved your video! However, in regard to the cave olms - from a evolutionary point of view - it would be incorrect to call the small isolated population a less adapted ancestral sub-species to the white olm. They too went through natural selection and evolution for hundreds of years just like the other populations, so they're in a strict sense not identical to the ancestral population - even if their outer appearance might be closer to the potential ancestors. It would be more accurate to call them a diverging sub-species and a sister sub-species to the white cave olm. Otherwise keep up your work! I am a PhD student in molecular biology and I like how you present the intricate connections between geography and biology.
I love how unique is your content here in youtube :), never stop man
You're such an amazing storyteller! You always keep me guessing, but at the same time you always ask and answer the same questions I'm thinking. Top tier content.
Another great video, thank you. Your clarity and insights and ability to engage are great. I'm always especially pleased by your pronunciations. Even if they're wrong, they sound right 👌🏻
I'm loving your videos Atlas Pro keep up the great quality and its nice to see how you've made biogeography your niche on the island of educational youtubers cutoff from the youtube mainland
My mind was blown away by the rivers-around the fire habitats isolation hypothesis. Great work!
Listenman, I don’t have the time right now to watch this video because of finals coming up for college, but I do remember binging all your videos while grinding on my PS4 2 years ago. Coming back and hearing your voice for the first 3 seconds brought back one of my core memories. Mock my words, I will return in a week or two just to binge all your videos again.
it must be amazing to have a channel like yours!
you talk about nieche topics that passionate you, while being watched by lots of curious people.
Great work my dude. I've been watching your channel for years. I'm really impressed at the growth you've displayed in quality and polish. Keep up the good work!
good job!
Thanks for the video. Subscribed not long ago, so not familiar with all old videos. During the first half of the video I knew I once saw a video of a mountain range, where each mountain has its own version of chameleon on different mountain. Turned out to be also this channel! I told this story to different people. Because I think it’s so amazing.
Loved this video! And love the island effect and speciation videos. Possible idea: How about when a mountain range or geographic feature like a canyon isolates a population from another within a continent? Like the two squirrel species on either side of the grand canyon? Though might be just regular allopatric example but combines biology and geography. Also in Australia the shear size has caused speciation say for a bird on the coast in the wet tropics vs one on the coast in the temperate zones-the different geography and climate meant their breeding seasons don’t line up and that has causes speciation.
Excellent topic, it reminds me of the same situation that happened with the Birds-of-Paradise in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
I love how you make the definition "island" more and more vague with each island upload ^^
Your ad at the end reminds me of the TV show Reboot where when they go to the later seasons they were exploring the Web which was narratively structured like space with eldritch Web Beasts and other threats including the very environment that degrades the data profile of those inhabiting it. The insular computer systems structured like planets, or rather the portals to systems were spherical and resembled planets but were only a bit larger than the ship being used. The character's home system had many layers of defences put around it in their absence that they didn't know about nor did they have passwords for. Lots of tension figuring out how to circumvent them.
Have you done a video on the different types of islands? I would love to see you explore the differences between island types such as hotspot islands, coral rises, subduction type tidal, barrier, and all the other fun ones!
I watch these for school but they're also just interesting, which makes it entertaining! Thank you!!
I’m super curious about the new Canary Island/seamount/expansion to an existing island. Rarely do we get to see “new” islands, but in our lifetime we might get to see one there.
Any plans to visit New Caledonia IRL? It would be pretty sick, since it's a fragment of Gondwana and not a volcanic Pacific island. It's got some crazy biodiversity and speciation!
I'd love to! One day that's what this channel will become 😈
It took me way too damn long to realize that the pics of the Olms were giving me anxiety because my brain just kept going to the Goa'uld symbiotes....
Another really good video. You always cover slightly unusual subjects I don't see covered elsewhere. And really well described. Thanks so much!
Aquifers can sometimes help with transportation of species, so maybe there is large watery sections of the aquifer under the mountains that Ohms are using but I don't know for sure as I am not sure about the hydrology of the region.
or after a few thousand years, they were thriving in their cave so much that there were too many ohms, causing some to migrate back out of the cave again. but i agree, if their offspring could be transported through the groundwater, that would be way cooler.
I would love to see a video on the many lakes in Canada and what sort of species diversity can be found among them!
Your videos are soo good man
please never stop making them
Finally an Atlas pro video. Been waiting for some time.
Music was so loud that I couldn't finish watching but seemed interesting.
Yeah, this is super important...
that add segue was so smooth *chef's kiss*
Im surprised you didnt go over the Mobile Cave in Romania.
I love that one of my fav channels is talking about an animal from my home country
Perhaps the coolest thing about biospheres underground is that silicon-oxygen bonds which normally form solid crystals above ground could create silicon-based lifeforms living inside molten silicate rock. At those temperatures and pressures silicon-oxygen bonds become fluid and could allow for an entire shadow biosphere on Earth that we are completely unaware of deep within the Earth's mantle. Other shadow biospheres are speculated to exist as well.
Speaking of which - a video all about shadow biospheres would be cool!
Love your videos.. Am from Mauritius and hope to see more on the Mascarene fauna and flora.
Yay! I love this topic since your previous videos, definitely sharing your fascination with it!
The production value in this channel is underrated. You should have more viewers
Loved this video! And your way of explaining!❤
I would love to see a video on the island biogeography of city environments, or even just the biogeography of cities in general
I love your Biogeography videos. Please do more.
14:04 im amazed at how photosynthetically productive lake victoria, lake albert, lake mweru, etc are
I love this series, keep it up!
Love this channel! Keep up the good research and steady stream of videos, please. :)
This video is amazing, Atlas Pro. Thank you!
This is great stuff. Had a swell time watching
First time on the channel, immediately subscribed. You’re amazing
When I got an island biogeography prompt on the science SAT passage, I thought “Thx Atlas Pro” and nailed those questions
Movile cave in Romania came to mind, cant remember much about it but it has supposedly been cut off from above ground for several million years
All I can focus on is the singular framed butterfly and the story about how he acquired it. It's literally the funniest thing I've heard in a while.
Such infotainment is why CZcams is still the king 👑
I love your cave videos! and Video in general. came from the cave ecosystem one which i think helps alot with the world building i am doing so thank you
I'd be real curious if you could use this info to predict where a new species could be found, like with the chameleons. Look for an area where there hasn't been an isolated chameleon population, but has all the conditions for one.
Really love your videos dude. They kinda remind me of glossy coffee table books and encyclopedias. Love it.
I would love to see a video on the biogeography of Tiankeng!
You make some of the best content! Its and instant watch ir something one can anticpate to watch later with joy.
I've been learning about the caucus mountains and how diverse everything is over there because of isolation
If you think about it, Everything on the planet is technically an Island
Congradulations you have figured out what a biome is.
I love the water features and what you have created
11:21 the river you highlighted is the Kulpa and not the Dobličica (The Dobličica is only a tributary of a tributary to the Kulpa)
So much research gose int your videos… you are incredible.