GABA - The Inhibitory Neurotransmitter (+ Alcohol in the Brain) (Level 3 - Advanced)
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- čas přidán 22. 06. 2024
- Explains how GABA (and GABA receptors), the brain's main inhibitory neurotransmitter works at the level of synapses, as well as the role of inhibition in the brain, how certain drugs affect the GABAa receptor (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines), and how alcohol effects various brain regions.
If you want shorter, less technical explanations of this topic, check out my other videos:
Level 1 (30 seconds): • GABA - The Inhibitory ...
Level 2 (16 mins): • GABA - The Inhibitory ...
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Chapters:
00:00 Why is your brain not constantly having seizures?
01:40 The answer? GABA inhibition
02:19 Me, this channel, this introduciton to neuroscience series.
03:48 I also release less technical, less sciencey videos
04:24 GABA is the brain's main inhibitory neurotransmitter
05:11 GABA is used commonly throughout the brain
06:03 GABA's functions
07:36 The role of inhibition in the brain: the neuronal brakes.
10:00 Review of how glutamate affects neurons
10:36 Terminology: EPSP and IPSP (excitation and inhibition)
12:13 How GABA affects its receptors
12:29 The GABAa ionotropic receptor mechanism: chlorine influx
14:40 The GABAb metabotropic receptor mechanism: potassium efflux
16:42 A neuron weighs up thousands of inputs to decide whether it will fire.
18:42 The closer to the axon hillock, the stronger the inhibitory input.
21:17 Alcohol, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines bind to the GABAa receptor
23:00 Why do these drugs have different effects?
24:58 Some ways that alcohol affects the brain
30:35 Please like, comment, and subscribe. Thank you!!
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Sources and Recommended Readings:
Kandel, E. R., Koester, J. D., Mack, S. H., & Siegelbaum, S. A. (2021). 13 Synaptic Integration in the Central Nervous System. In Principles of neural science (6th ed., pp. 277-287). essay, McGraw-Hill.
Banich, M. T., & Compton, R. J. (2018). Cognitive neuroscience. Chapter 1: Introduction to the Nervous system. Cambridge University Press.
Sullivan, E. V., Harris, R. A., & Pfefferbaum, A. (2010). Alcohol's effects on brain and behavior. Alcohol Research & Health.
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#gaba #neuroscience #alcoholandthebrain
Great work! My background is chemical engineering, biochem tech elective, master's public health, recovering alcoholic, permanently &total disabled veteran with a mental condition and I have been drinking kava for three years wondering if I have relapsed as an alcoholic. I immensely appreciate how wonderfully you present this topic. I just moved home to Ohio where there were zero kava locations from Florida where kava is abundant. Ohio just opened it's first Kava location outside of Cleveland and I have resumed drinking kava. I think Kava increases GABA receptors. FYI Kava research is swiftly increasing if you could bring this topic to your channel soon. Thank you.
Yes, you relapsed because it's GABA, No KAVA.
This is absolutely fascinating. I learned a lot of stuff, and your method of presentation is really clear and easy to follow. I think anyone who drinks regularly should watch this, as it really is scary what alcohol does to the brain and body. Thanks so much for taking the time to put this together.
Awesome...so well explained!
Fascinating presentation - thank you.
Thank you very much for watching.
Excellent content, thanks for posting.
Much appreciated. And thanks for watching!
Can you do one focused only on benzodiazepines? Lots of people are tapering off once their body hits tolerance after taking as prescribed for years. Not addicts, but regular people who work, have families, never abused and had their lives ruined by rapid cold turkey tapers. There is now a black box warning stating these should never be used for more than 4 weeks. Tough for those who were prescribed for decades because of a few anxiety attacks.
I was diagnosed with PTSD, so I regularly deal with anxiety attacks. Since my father was addicted to alcohol and Xanax, and was the main cause of my PTSD. I have always avoided benzo's like Xanax, they terrify me.
I found a natural drug called Kanna. It's a succulent that the people of Africa have been using for thousands of years. This stuff wipes out an anxiety within 10 minutes, without the worry of withdrawal.
Many are cautious about it, rightfully so, the original method of using the powder is to snort it, which makes you feel like you're doing something much harder. I personally leave it under my tongue until my anxiety starts to fade, and then I swallow it.
I highly recommend looking into it as an alternative, that way you can taper without the worry of anxiety attacks coming back.
I've suffered with anxiety and depression my whole life. Which led to migraines every week and back pain. I've been taking gaba for 5 weeks and I haven't had a migraine and no back pain. I started with 200 mg a day and after 5 weeks I have to increase the dose. I'm so happy with the results but my concern is that I'm just going to constantly have to increase the dose. If anyone's had similar experience with pain and using Gabba and have used it long term I'd love to hear from you.😊
I would also add it doesn't seem to mix well with alcohol for me. Even just having a couple beers with Gabba in my system seems to put me in a haze. So I haven't had a drink in over 3 weeks.
Can you offer advice I have been prescribed gabapentin for nerve damage as I was in constant pain all day 24 hours a day I was trying to do it natural for the first 2 years but this January I had to go to the doctor he prescribed Gabapentin March 18th and on the 5th day no pain so looking at the prefix Gaba coupled with the fact that I don't want to be on this the rest of my life do you think Gabapentin can help me
It's just so do you think Gaba could help me
@@deltalady33 yes I think Gabba can help you but it will be a temporary fix. I recommend you reading the book unlearn your pain. My pain is gone way down since starting this book
@@stevenking8923 thank you so much
THANK YOU! First one of your vids and I’m thrilled it was an advanced enough video. Love the way you separate topics into the levels in general and this was really well explained. I’ll definitely be back and share it!
That's great to hear, thank you!
Great video! Thanks 🙏
Really great presentation, I learned a lot. Thank you!
Thank you for watching!!
@@senseofmindshowi use gabapentin.
thank you for this really helpful and informative video
Thank you so much for checking it out!
Thanks mate i learnd in half houre what i havent learnd in three weeks from my teacher 😅😅😅
I have been thinking of glutamate and GABA as being corollaries of Chochma and Binah respectively , in the kabbalistic system, of how both the body and universe works . I would be glad to carry on this conversation with those who are curious
You deffently do your homework brother. Thanks for the info.
This guy KNOWS when to remind us to subscribe. Pretty fun to think about ;)
Great content by the way, I had this sudden urge to subscribe!
Haha much appreciated. I know I went a little overboard with the subscribe requests in this one 😅 I’ve toned it down in newer videos 😎. Thanks for watching!
I think the pace is soothing, if I don’t understand anything, I Can go back and listen again, your explanation is really helpful and your calming energy is just like GABA too!
Thanks so much!
@@senseofmindshow Thanks you for the useful information about GABA and neurotransmitter it is very useful. I have a question now as you said “Benzodiazepines enhance the binding of GABA to its receptor” now after we consume Benzodiazepines medication for 2 weeks and then stop consuming further will “enhance binding of GABA to its receptor” also fade away or will enhance binding continues if so for how long ? Thanks in advance
thank you
This is an amazingly informative video. Do you have any videos on cbd used for aura headaches.
More on dopamine and etoh please!
Noted! Thank you so much for the suggestion!
next time i drink im going to sit and over think about the molecular process in response to alcohol
Thanks! I did take a clip before 10:30 , and while i enjoy your `lecture` style i am not clear on the physics post vesicle. Positive ions don't really flow; negative electrons do leaving behind the positive ion which is why it is voltage and NOT current.
First of all, thanks so much for your generous support and thoughtful comment. If I understand your question correctly, I think it may stem from a slight misunderstanding. In neurons, both positive and negative ions move (i.e. flow) back and forth across the membrane through ion channels, contributing to the voltage changes. Unlike in electrical wires where only electrons flow, in neurons it's these ion movements that create the electrical signals. Does that answer your question?
Do you have any info on pituitary and it’s emotional or other relationship to adenomas?
im taking gaba in hopes to help my tinnitus your thoughts
How do we treat ocd ? It is high glutamate and low gaba right? How do we improve situation on that?
OCD is pathological primarily via the nigrostriatal pathway … SSRI help calm the anxiety via increased serotonin but some mild dopamine blockade can help
That’s why there is some benefit to taking seroquel … its not as high potency as other D2 blockers but subtle enough to calm the brain
Great explanation of the mechanics of why and how alcohol affects ppl the way it does. This makes me think bartenders need similar training as police officers, in regards to spotting alcohol intoxication levels.
That's a great point. Although I bet that bartenders get a pretty good intuition for it, considering how often they see highly intoxicated people.
Do you think gaba supplements and 5htp supplements are safer to use than ssri and benzodiazepines while nursing?
I’m not sure and since I’m not a medical professional, I don’t give any medical advice. I would recommend consulting a doctor who knows your particular situation.
Alcohol binds to dopaminergic receptors too..
The presentation is great, but I wanted to know if it's possible to come up with a way to hinder the activities of alcohol to the brain, if possible, how will it be?
Drink water.
My son has OCD... What really seems to help him. Is benzodiazopines or alcohol? Which means maybe increasing Gaba for Would help him. Your thoughts?
They say GABA supplement does not cross the blood brain. If that be the case then what good is that supplement ?
Take it with vitamin c and b vitamin complex You could also add magnesium it'll get across
Gabapentin don't but gavipintin does easy to get it keeps you from anxiety it keeps glutamate down phenibut works real good I'm on kolonipin and the pharmacy ran out i ordered phenibut and thank God it helped
How can this help OCD?
Following
Happy to hear it!!
🎉❤Lovely work; clear & simple ~ in Oriental Medicine the Brain 🧠 is NOT in charge ~ rather it is a servant of the HEART 🧡 ~ the seat of KINDNESS & LOVE ~ in that state the mind / brain is CALM & its hormone -nerve-chemical balance is in harmony ❤🐝🙏‼️. David Ford DrOM
I got confused so does Gabba help with alcohol to stop a person from drinking
Good question! I hadn’t looked into this specific question until just now. While it appears that there are no FDA-approved gaba-targeting drugs for the treatment of alcohol use disorder, there are some currently being investigated. They include “baclofen” and “topiramate”. Here’s a technical article with more info: www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/sciadv.aax4043
As far as gaba itself goes, I’m not sure if there is any evidence that it helps someone stop drinking or not.
@@senseofmindshow Thank you
Yesss
🧐🤔🤗😌
Ghb is better than alcool
At first. Then, you are addicted downregulating GABA B.
The first 5 min is superfluous information I prefer to skip to about 4:55 in the video. Additionally the playback flows much better at 1.25 vs normal speed.
Suggestion:
Chloride (anion) not chlorine (molecule/element).
The former is the flow of negative charge through the GABA-A chloride pore; the latter doesn't.
Well done otherwise
How on earth did certain humans discover all this? :)
And ... then we have to remember all this while raising kids, finding a partner in life. I live in a world where mechanical stuff like my toilet breaks down, my car breaks down - the other day the extraction fan in the kitchen broke down-did you know it has a condensator with microfarads in them these days (?!), and I'm the one who has to repair all that stuff. I must be doing so much stuff wrong in life ...
And in a country blessed with a enlightened dictator, the tiny % of their people who would be interested in all this are just send off into war, or thrown in jail, murdered, etc. 60% of humanity enjoys the privilege of living under a dictatorship .. and they are growing: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_Index
Interesting how this intricate system came about by accident over billions of years and not the result of some intelligent being creating it. Literally blows your mind doesn’t it?
Thank you , however, I've watched a lot of videos on this topic. THIS is the most complicated and boring I've ever watched! It is more for biology students than the public guess that's why it says advanced
You must not be smart enough to understand the subject.
I found your presentation extremely boring. Good information.
Thanks for the feedback! I think you may find my newer videos more exciting :)
@@senseofmindshow I just rewatch this one for reference. I need more information. I am about to find a new one you made.
I'm positive that cations do not flow down the axon once the action potential is reached, I think your diagram is misleading with the arrows (17:30 ish), might want rethink that whole electricity thing and focus on the electrons, enjoyed the video otherwise