How do Smartphone CPUs Work? || Inside the System on a Chip
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- čas přidán 18. 05. 2024
- Ever wonder how the operator in your smartphone works?
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In this video we explore the primary processor or the System on a Chip or SoC which is essentially the brain of your smartphone. We'll explore the different sections of the SoC and then see how data moves around. Next, we'll explore what happens when you take a picture, and how the SoC processes this data. Following that, we'll take a look at the CPU section, and finally, we'll see how these SoC are designed and manufactured.
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Script, Modelling, Animation, Editing- Teddy Tablante
Twitter: @teddytablante
Voice Over- Phil Lee
Table of Contents:
00:00 - The Magic of the SoC
01:13 - Layout of this Episode
02:07 - Notes & Details of the SoC
05:15 - All the Sections of the System on a Chip
08:47 - Processing an Image on the SoC
15:54 - Thank you Gerber Labs
16:40 - Inside the CPU Block
18:59 - Designing and Manufacturing the System on a Chip
22:41 - What it looks like form a nanoscopic view
23:38 - Wrap-up
Key Branches from this video are: Microchips, CPUs, Integrated Circuits,
Erratum:
12min 10sec- Enligsh should be English! Ugh such a blunder. Maybe it's a test to see who reads the footnotes. And then another test to see who reads the erratum...
Animation built using Blender 2.90.1 www.blender.org/
Post with Adobe Premiere Pro
Model References: Blend Swap: Yohello
Book References:
Abderazek, Ben Abdallah. Advanced Multicore System-On-Chip, Architecture, on-Chip Network, Design. Springer
ARM, Arm Cortex-177 Core Technical Reference Manual Revisions r1p1
Birger, Maxim. Snapdragon Platforms overview feat. MSM7x30 chipset.
Codrescu, Lucian. Qualcomm Hexagon DSP: An Architecture optimized for mobile multimedia and communications. Qualcomm Technologies
Pulli, Kari. VP Computational Imaging Light. Camera Processing Pipeline
Santanu, Kundu. Santanu, Chattopadhyay. Network-On-Chip. CRC Press.
Veena S. Chakravarthi. A Practical Approach to VLSI System on Chip (SoC) Design. Springer
Yang, Kent. PoP Details.
Music Attribution:
Sunburst, Tobu & Itro is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License
www.7obu.com
• Video
Internet References:
Tech Insights, Apple iPhone 11 Pro Max Teardown: www.techinsights.com/blog/app...
Anand Tech www.anandtech.com/
Die Photos from Birdman 86, Pauli Rautakorpi: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sp...
Wiki Chips: en.wikichip.org/wiki/apple/ax...
Processor Die Photos: www.qdpma.com/CPU/CPU.html
Wikipedia contributors. "System on A Chip" "ARM" "Samsung Electronics." "ARM Architecture" "Reduced Instruction Set Computer" "Dynamic Random Access Memory" "Semiconductor device fabrication" "Color Depth" Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, Visited November 2020
Model Attribution: Blend Swap: Clock Creator Yohello
#CPU #TRANSISTOR #SoC - Věda a technologie
It would be greatly appreciated if you could take a quick second and tell us what you think or provide feedback on the video. Was it too complicated or was a specific section confusing? What about the pace of the video? Was a section too slow or did it move too fast? This feedback is extremely useful and it helps us improve on future videos! So, thank you!
I can only thank you for the hard work on putting together information so valuable people may not even realize - these videos have in their respective scope, more valuable and more important data than many universities. Thank you once again.
You kidding,this is art
thank you very much
Another amazing video!! Thanks again!!
Nothing. Everything was perfect!
I cant believe im watching this for free
Don't put ideas in his head
TRUE !
DAMN they way it was explained is also TOP-NOTCH
Well- good for you, all the content I make will be free! No pay walls ever.
@@BranchEducation you sould put donations for this kind of vids ,
U can pay me if you want...😝🤣
That was amazing and fascinating ! Those illustrations must have taken months to complete.. hope this video goes viral !
I keep finding you on the comments if videos I watch lol
Ima a subscriber love your videos
but the Earth is flat :)
You should make a see thru cpu lol
Nah mate, some retarded video of a song with lyrics containing booty, ass, nigaa, money, bitches... will go viral instead and be on youtube trending... not good stuffs like these...
Amazing !!!
As a microelectronics Engineering graduate student, I really appreciate how simple and concise this video is, despite the fact that it explains YEARS worth of advanced Engineering classes.
I am just a teenager of class - 12. Even then I am watching his videos as they are so amazing and simple to understand that I cannot ignore it anyway.
Please can you tell me what are the other chips of a smartphone except system on a chip?
@@edulife306 the system on chip itself is a combination of different chips
I find your videos fascinating. I'm a long-retired old-school computer engineer, that maintained large mainframe systems which were implemented with transistor gates and logic. These SOC designs remind me of a room full of computer modules wired together with coax cables that I used to maintain. The amount of miniaturization and lowering of costs is staggering. I am proud to have been a part of it and to see where engineering and manufacturing have gone. To you young engineers, keep it going as we're still nowhere near our human potential.
Atleast, I am no where near my true human potential
This is so detailed. The quality of this video maan... This is unbelievable that these videos are completely free, and how underrated the channel is.
Capitalism is responsible for all the good AND bad things in the world. its fucking wild man. I don't know whether i like it or hate it lol
@@angadsingh9314 : Consumer desire has driven a great many things, from a desire to getting somewhere sooner. e.g cars. To playing ever more realistic games. e.g. video cards.
@@angadsingh9314 Very right in ancient India education was free for all but today's world you have to pay for it thus many poor people are left uneducated today
@@brodriguez11000 Agreed. But on the other hand, this desire has fuelled corporations' greed even more and they are willing to do less than moral things if they could make a profit out of it.
@@brodriguez11000 And yet, these very same cars are destroying our environment, and those amazing video cards are made from slave-mined minerals. Really sucks.
This is something on extraordinary level...Being an chip design engineer I am really shocked to see the accurate detailing of your content. Hats of to you sir...
You appeared like an angel who shown such complex info so easily and in such understandable fashion.. I am really enjoying creators comments and your content.. It's a humble request.. please keep making such videos.. Being an electronics engineer myself, I am definitely gonna support this channel and share your videos alot with my friends.. thanks alot for doing this👏👏
This is next level info graphics..salute. The middle section was fast as complexity increases u should slow down
... I, for one, appreciate the general overview. I'm not bored. If someone doesn't know about photons and the basics of how computer data works, they can google it or watch other videos?
@@Olivia-W I agree. For most of my videos [not all] I focus on content that can't be found else where. Some of the videos have the info elsewhere- but I feel like it isn't presented effectively.
0.5x
If it's fast u can try 0.5-0.75x in that section 😂😑
Hi
As a computer engineer involved in both SOC and FW implementation for over 3 decades, I am still blown away when you look holistically at what is built. And this only covers the Edge device let alone the communication bits, the flash memory (other videos discussing that amazing technology) , the cellular network, data network including undersea cables, the hyperscaler data centers. It really is beyond a single person’s comprehension. Well maybe except for you. Thank you for sharing not only your awesome research, but your graphics and data visualization and story telling skills. You truly are a gift to our world. Thank you so much!!
Thank you greatly!! The more research I do, the more I realize the little that I know. I'm always looking for like minded experts who are interested in educating and better preparing the next generation of scientists and engineers.
I agree with u bro.
@@BranchEducation Thank you so much.
People have no idea how fortunate they are that we have such abilities, and this is just for cell phones.
its what happens when we all put our minds together
I'll certainly treat my smartphone with reverence after seeing this. I had *no idea* there was so much going on inside my cellphone. It's the kind of thing you don't think about unless something's not working properly.
Whoever put this video together did an excellent job. It was instructional without being overly technical.
It's amazing how fast these computer achievements happened. Only 24 years after the invention of the transistor, Intel introduced the 4-bit 4004 with 2,300 random logic transistors. Now we're using 64-bit multi-core processors with billions of transistors.
I'm 65 now and when I was younger I thought the quick rate of our technical advancements was a great thing, but as I got older I started realizing that maybe we're not ready for some of these advancements.
I work in mobile device repair and this is a better teaching tool than most universities!
Yo why this channel is so underrated it
The depth every single video he makes is astounding and it was made beautifully
Because for the average Joe, it takes effort to sit through and you have to really be curious and pay attention to enjoy it. Many don't have the interest, that's where sharing becomes useful.
I half watch many videos during my work shift, but I know I need to save these for later to devote my full attention to them, otherwise I would stop working.
@ Maybe put them on Blue-ray.
@ Thanks for your full attention. The target is to improve college curriculum to better prepare and fill the future with top notch engineers. I want to be alive when space travel becomes commonplace, and high quality engineering is a necessity.
@@brodriguez11000 Haha. Oh blue-ray. After that we'll press a record of the audio.
@@BranchEducation what a futuristic man you are !.
THIS is how ALL education should be!!! Incredible accurate detail = SUPREME CLARITY
That’s the dream. It’s always perplexed me why thousands of teachers develop thousands of separate engineering class curriculum, and they are all based off of a textbooks - which costs a ton of $$ and a solid chunk of the students don’t even read.
@@BranchEducation 100%
@@BranchEducation I have thought the same thing many times. We now live in an age of computers where we can copy a video and play it in many places at once. This means larger teams should be focusing on one good course and then duplicating it. I'm so happy to see someone doing it. THANK YOU
@@BranchEducation Probably because otherwise they would loose money..
It is so satisfying to see the detail, like all the sections of the SoC. Feels like being correct overrules being simplistic, love it.
The bit about the image processing is awesome. The ISP in particular does all of those intricate tasks just to give us that quality image that people in the 1900's could only wish for, all in the blink of an eye. It made me appreciate my phone camera despite how it has frequent shutter lags and take grainy photos in bad lighting conditions.
a whole semester's long lectures on "Micro Processors" compressed in 25minutes. plus its even more detailed. words cant thank you enough for this great knowledge.
gotta drag out that degree for 8 years c'mon....get that money
Yea, but it's tough to follow for me, I guess I'll have to rewatch it a couple of times to fully understand all the information in the video, but I can't imagine that it could be explained much better than this, still a great video.
Its not that simple, universities do dive into a lot more detail than this. They will explain the architecture, ALU, registers, cache, ROM, bus, timings, pipelining and a lot more. This is just the basics (not that that's bad, you gotta start somewhere). But don't downplay what university courses offer. They also have a different target market, its like comparing apples to pears.
Honestly can't image the efforts one had to put in to make such a detailed video. Kudos!
Just a ton of research, and then 2 or so months of modelling and animating.
@@BranchEducation just?
@@BranchEducation Well, for you it may be "just", but according to me, its a lot of effort. Models and animations are mind-blowing. Thanks a lot for putting your efforts to fulfil the curiosity and knowledge stock of our young minds for free.
@@BranchEducation admirable
@@BranchEducation that's not 'just a' work😁
Just great job!!
As Stefan I am 40 Years in high-Tech Multidisciplinary systems (where 5 years of them as SW Architect and Manager in Intel in the Cellular division. I am amazed of your capability to explain so well, simple. yet accurate a complex machine as the SOC of a cellular system!!! All your episodes should be a must learn at school!!
These videos have been excellent! Thank you so much for the time end effort put forward in them! Many videos don't get as specific or detailed as I want and your videos always do! Keep up the great work.
That size-comparison to a grain of table salt is mind blowing. It puts things in perspective.
Man I'm lost for words here. I can't imagine how time consuming it must be to churn out one of these exceptionally well done videos. I'm just really sad that the general population is not interested in this kind of thing for you to go viral. You deserve every bit of support to keep this going. I'm way more thankful and appreciative of the tech around me after your videos. I honestly can't fathom how human kind has become so advanced
And to think there are 668 dislikes. Why?
@@user-xh5is8sd6p unreal!
How can it be called advanced if there can't be such a thing as a free will only ever increasing entropy as we currently know? So far the advancement has only resulted in population explosion and increase in net suffering. Hard to avoid any cognitive biases but it seems like inherent optimism bias and terror management theory will always help regardless of ideologies such as antinatalism based on consent and efilism.
@@uvwuvw-ol3fgwe talking about smartphone here, it's advanced for general people brain on how things like this can work, like magic y know,
@@piplupempoleon4225Hard to avoid any cognitive biases, but it might be just a result of cumulative culture and ability to scale things up. When it comes to advancement in things like social skills most people are still affected by a specific socioecological environment (pan troglodytes proactive political games over status, dispersed fertile females and offspring compared to pan paniscus society based on more or less egalitarian female/male coalitions and playful prosociality/sociosexuality for promotion of group stability regardless of age and gender as a byproduct of domestication syndrome). Obedience to abstract laws and authorities in general population due to self-domestication syndrome according to the Goodness Paradox (Richard Wrangham) is another factor in humans.
The making of this video is insane. We salute you.
I’m always blown away when I watch these kinds of videos. Human ingenuity is mind boggling. And to think…everything we create out of different materials came from the earth.
The only CZcams channel that provides the fundamental knowledge of electronics.
Keep it up👍
Wow, thanks
The perfect level of simplification and detail.
Thanks for the input!
This is the best video I have ever seen in CZcams, thank you so much for providing such a wonderful content for free.
It's very fascinating to see that all process that happends is just a bunchs of zeros and ones that sometimes I can't just comprehend it all because there's so many of said process and they're stores in a very, very small transistor. Great job for making this video!
Oh my god!!! Even as a PHD student in the field of IC design, this video just blew my mind!! You just bridged a huge gap between how these ICs work together to produce an image or perform different tasks!!!
Kudos to you man!! Seriously hats off !!
I think I have found the cure to my insomnia! But in all seriousness, fantastic job and clear explanation
This guy 😆 I enjoy your videos 👍
Woke up at 3am and found this, quite a coincidence.
Nice to see you here, i like your videos
😂
lol, sup @serpentza funny seeing you in these parts
Love the high quality graphics and everything is explained so well. I have only seen a couple of these videos so far and I have learned so much. Thank you!
Brilliant realisation . Clear precise and.... beautiful.
I can't understand why there's no millions of people subscribed to this channel. This is superb!!! I've watched all your videos!
Thanks for joining!! What was your favorite and least favorite set of videos?
@@BranchEducation I thank you for the great content! I sincerely love it all, but the SSD video was the one that got me here. Your work is superb! Congratulations!!
It may be due to "abstraction effect"
@@victorboechat5370 the SSD video genuinely blew my mind the first time I watched it
The millions of people are subscribed to their phones. It take a lot of brain power and attention span to watch and take in this type of video and the phones are taking most of that away from here.
It is absolutely astonishing that anyone can manufacture circuits at this scale.
That’s why I love apple. Their at 5NM.. like what? When will they reach 3NM? Or 1NM? Or what’s after that?
@@SerPapus Apple manufactures nothing, they design something on a pc and then send it of to foxcon and tsmc(who actually produces cpu's and they then buy "5nm" machines from i think a dutch or so company)
the ...nm process node is not invented/developed by apple. Thats the job of tsmc and asml(who mostly makes the fancy euv machines)
@@marcrobert2925 idk what your talking about. But it sounds smart
@@marcrobert2925 lol..... but why aren’t other companies sending their designs to this company then and making 5MN SoCs?
It´s absolutely incredible how fast all of these steps are being operated
I'm fascinated! Never ever I'd expect something of that quality on the Internet, let alone on CZcams! Thank you!
I wonder what has taken longer: The development of this smartphone technology or the creation of this high-quality video.
ikr, the effects and animation are top notch👌👌
The development of this smartphone technology. 4000 million years of evolution and some very clever minds.
Both of them😅
It's absolutely mindblowing what a single person (with mad skillz that is) can do in blender and a little premiere nowadays O_o
frikkin' gorgeous animation
And also presentation from phil!
Thanks!! Its appreciated.
Great video...No one explain the process this clear....Continue you work...
It's hard to believe that such in-depth knowledge and such a complex could be understood so well. Thanks
I'm an electronics engineering student, and this content is pure art to me, thank you so much for creating and sharing this knowledge.
I am just a teenager of class - 12. Even then I am watching his videos as they are so amazing and simple to understand that I cannot ignore it anyway.
This is probably the best video that I have seen in 2020
that is just insane! can't really appreciate your work enough
Fantastic video, Great flow through subtopic to subtopic!
This was an excellent video!
You are explaining this complex lecture for free using interesting animations. But our college professors even after getting handsome paycheck are just reading the PDFs in the name of online classes
Well hopefully it will inspire professors to step up their game! Education is a tide that lifts all boats.
An amazing quote. “Education is a tide that lifts all boats.” Thank you for sharing your in such a productive and impactful way.
Such high quality stuff is rare on CZcams 👏
The video was perfect. I watched the video on DRAM at different speeds and I will watch this one again as well. I just can't understand how the manufacturers manage to create such small atom size components and thin wires. Thank you for an incredibly detailed video as usual!
I am a VLSI DESIGN ENGINEER ... All these complex engineering is my daily routine .... Thanks for the hard work you made to make this video so easy to understand.
Why are my eyes tearing up ?
I'm so in love with technology.
Me too mann
Oh Bhai dil chura liya tumne
Its insane those vidéos are beyond great! Thank you
What a beautiful piece. Fantastic work ! Well done.
I really like how structured your videos are! You start by telling us about the content of the whole video, thus preparing us for what's coming. This is important because watching a video this in-depth requires good focus, which is much easier to achieve if you are prepared for what's to come. You also talk quite slowly but manage to make it very pleasant to listen to your voice.
Although someone else already mentioned this, I want to underline once again how glad/lucky we can be to be able to watch all this very detailed content for free!
Thank you
I was literally thinking about how much tech and effort was put into these phone while I was on shrooms.
I need you to at least know that your work wasn't in vain, and every video of yours inspires me even more to study and work either for Intel, AMD, Qualcomm, ASUS, or for my own brand, you teach me and inspire me to learn more than anything on CZcams
As a computer science student, that video helps more more than any lecture and notes in University. Spot on Sir!
This is incredible. I love how you're showing what exactly happens when you do a very specific task.
The incredible detail that is put into every single animation and 3D model is beyond amazing, great job!!
This was incredibly useful and I appreciate you all putting this together.
thank you so much! much love to y'all!❤
I have recommended this channel to a lot of my inner circle to understand how smart phones work and each one had their mind blown.
Keep. it. up!!!
Intuitive. Educational. Entertaining. Thorough. I've learned much from your channel. I'm amazed how well you use animation so effectively to explain a process. Thank you and keep up the good work; I'm certain these videos aren't easy to make but you're very much appreciated.
The level of miniaturisation and complexity is mind-blowing and we are just getting started. Thanks for the video, very informative
Seriously I have never seen content with this mind blowing high quality anywhere in the internet, and it’s free! Your videos are amazing, thank you for all of them. Haven’t watched them all yet cus they all take some considerable amount of thinking to process lmao and I don’t always have that time available
After watching this video I don't have any complaints about why mobile phones are so costlier.
And I am still confused how one
Human being can make such kind of
Detailed video.
Similar to how we engineer other complicated aggregation of complicated components.
By breaking it down into smaller and manageable parts, and have an architect have the overall view of the smaller components.
In turn, each component is then in turn made of other parts, where the step is performed again.
You can actually see the physical CPU on silicon for 8086, the grandaddy of CPUs today.
@@domoncar6782 Yeah... I know todays electronic components seems much more complex to understand but they have really gone
through smaller upgradation over the years, consequently making them
look very advanced.
I've never seen such amazing and in depth art like this, simply beautiful. Thank you.
Simply mind-blowing. Thank you!
so many doubts cleared after watching this video
thank you
Brilliantly created in such a way that makes it not only easy to follow the complexities of SoC but visually pleasing. I look forward to watching sequel videos to SoC that go more in depth.
This is one amazing, I love how you don't oversimplife when you are talking about a complex topic
I can't even imagine how much work it took to produce a mind blowing video such as this one, with all the animations.
You're very humble, your videos are top quality!
You literally did an amazing job. Thanks for creating videos for free. Really appreciate it❤. Can feel the work you have done for this 25min long video.
Branch education: this is how transistor works.
Me: should replace professors in my college.
Hmm waiting for one day when this video be one of the most viewed CZcams video.
All the best..........................
@pk5l ouip you don't deserve to learn
Just two words for the details and presentation: Mind blowing!
Blessed to have such content on CZcams…..thank you @branch education 🙏🏻🙏🏻
The animation is on a level of excellence I've witnessed only in major motion pictures. It's absolutely incredible ☺️
Thank you, greetings from India
Beautiful!!! Thank you for making this ❤
Your Videos are the exact thing i have been looking for! Wish i had found this channel years ago! I can’t believe all of this information is so freely available to us! Thank You for all of the effort you put into making these!
this is insanely crazy tech , can't imagine how a person can even thinking of making this chip. it's really mind blowing
that's y humans named this era a silicon age.....
It's collaboration. That is why collaboration is more important than single genius. No human could ever think of and develop these systems in a single lifetime. It took decades and many hard working people to develop this. The hardcore development and thinking is usually done by underpaid scientists...
Maybe they didn't, maybe they just retro engineered it... go figure.
Just think, just not too long ago in 1958 the first transistor was invented. Tech has come a long way, in fact more then we know for what they have now, that hasn't even hit mass production. Cool but also scary at the same time.
Fantastic video! As an electrical and computer engineer, it's awesome to see how much detail you get into for everything. I think for the average person the explanation can get complicated but there's so much important stuff that I really appreciate what I can learn from this.
Brilliant. Thorough and complete. A complete course squeezed into a little video.
Thank for making clear such difficult and puzzled technologies.
Been waiting for these kind of videos for years. Thank you so much!!!
It's beautiful. I've looked at it for five hours now.
Incredible video. Complexity turned to simplicity, Great piece
Thank you for the video. I am speechless about how everything works.
After watching this I’m not mad at how much some phones cost. It’s like they’re worth over a million dollars
The fist chip costs millions or even billions of dollars to make. Each chip after with mass production only costs a couple of dollars
@@ymom11 The snapdragon's 888 die size is 72.3mm, and a 300mm wafer can hold 977 of these. A finished wafer usually goes for around $10,000, by doing the math it checks out that the snapdragons only cost about $10 mass produced. That's insane!
@@PhilEngel1 not really since you also have to pay the workers, there are other materials used and not every chip you produce works. alot of them are just thrown away cause they dont work
And yet we have to throw away after couple of years because battery dies and it's non removable, sad...
Apple: Write that down!!
I took about my old flip phone to see what was inside. These "how they work" videos are right down my alley.
Amazing video, simple yet thorough & detailed ! Thank you!!
This channel deserves so much more attention.
Amazing level of detail and correctness, subscribed. Looking forward to detailed CPU video.
I knew it would be complicated how these things work, but this was INSANE.
Probably the best video on CZcams. This channel deserves 1Million +
I would agree with the comments on the extremely high quality of this production and that I can view it gratis. Phenomenal video. Many thanks to Branch Education.
Totally mind blowing
Great videos love how in-depth and specific you get
an amazing video. video went beyond my expectations. looking forward to the series .
One of the best videos I have seen in the tech and education domain.
Exceptionally simple way of explaining.