Justice: What's The Right Thing To Do? Episode 10: "THE GOOD CITIZEN"
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- čas přidán 8. 09. 2009
- To register for the 2015 course, visit www.edx.org/course/justice-ha....
PART ONE: THE GOOD CITIZEN
Aristotle believes the purpose of politics is to promote and cultivate the virtue of its citizens. The telos or goal of the state and political community is the good life. And those citizens who contribute most to the purpose of the community are the ones who should be most rewarded. But how do we know the purpose of a community or a practice? Aristotles theory of justice leads to a contemporary debate about golf. Sandel describes the case of Casey Martin, a disabled golfer, who sued the PGA after it declined his request to use a golf cart on the PGA Tour. The case leads to a debate about the purpose of golf and whether a players ability to walk the course is essential to the game.
PART TWO: FREEDOM VS. FIT
How does Aristotle address the issue of individual rights and the freedom to choose? If our place in society is determined by where we best fit, doesnt that eliminate personal choice? What if I am best suited to do one kind of work, but I want to do another? In this lecture, Sandel addresses one of the most glaring objections to Aristotles views on freedom-his defense of slavery as a fitting social role for certain human beings. Students discuss other objections to Aristotles theories and debate whether his philosophy overly restricts the freedom of individuals.
Sandel NEVER misspeaks or displays ANY sort of verbal tic. Everything he says is 100% coherent and seemingly thought through, almost as if he's reading from a script made by a brilliantly gifted writer. It's the same whether he's doing these lectures, the BBC4 public philosophy shows or various interviews. It really is not just pretty impressive but truly awe inspiring - especially for a fellow teacher.
TheRealBlueSwan He does what so few adults do in this day; he thinks before he speaks. when he poses a question he isn't just waiting for the student to respond he is actively taking part in a conversation. (this is what education is meant to look like).
If you ever have to public speak for a living, you'll develop that too, so long as you allow yourself to be creative with your language. Also, writing a couple books on the side doesn't hurt, either.
He's clearly turned these arguments over and over in his mind for several years.
I pointed this out to a friend of mine who's watching this with me. I also added that I never hear him say "uhmmm" or using the word "like" as sentence fillers. He enunciates, speaking slow enough to process what he's saying (for the most part. I have to rewind a few parts but that's entirely my fault. I haven't been in school in a while) and he keeps his audience engaged. Does anybody else know of any lectures that he has done that I can watch?
@@brandongaskins3599 He has a slight lisp which, by speaking slowly and rythmically, is mitigated.
These lectures are great! Who is still here in 2020?
it seems there are quite a few people here in 2020 ^_^ I totally agree with you - lectures are amazing!
@@justdenis1 These are nice. However, the way the student body debates a posted question is underwhelming. The positions prevailing in the news have soaked deep enough in their minds that when asked to dissect a topic they lack the ability, or at least is sufficiently benign, to do so.
Fantastic set of lectures.
Me
Me
Sandel's eloquent lectures restore my faith in humanity.
Yaaaaaaa
I never had a lecture like this in real life. Professor Sandel surely changed my perspective about learnings and group meetings and discussions. My life would never be the same, I may not remember all these lectures but I will not deny the fact that I've learned something exceptional and unforgettable, and that is the love of knowledge and the passion of sharing it amongst people with humility and understanding. In school and university learning and lectures for me are always tied up with words of being not good enough and pressure of learning but now I know the value of quality education. Learning is fun 💚
From Philippines, 2021
All these videos have made me thing about many things. I know that I wasn't the best student when I was at school, but there's one thing for sure. I would have loved having a teacher as professor Sandel. His lectures are great! I've been having a great time watching all these video lectures. He has showed me a new way of learning on the internet.
I am not a native speaker of english, I am sorry in advance if I have committed any grammar mistakes.
Eveytime I watch professor Sandel's lectures I feel humble as a human being.
Have a great day!
Daniel Rodriguez Your English is perfect! And I am in the same boat, Prof. Sandel himself seems humble, and it is humbling to be in the presence of great masters such as Aristotle.
dont worry we all Thing about many things some times
Yes you are right. It was very difficult to understand and cope up with my teacher in political philosophy class. But when I came across Prof. Sandels lectures I realised nothing is difficult and impossible. These lectures helped a lot particularly to disadvantaged students who do not have strong English background.
Daniel Rodriguez totally agree with you mate !
@@sentinel1ify it was just a very common typo!
It's Feb.8, 2022 and I'm here enjoying this lecture. Very worthwhile.
These lectures are great! Who is still here in 2021?
I’m still here, and the students restore my faith as well.
It is really incredible the way he weaves each lesson, one into the other. Enjoyable and easy to follow. Thank you Harvard for the contribution. A mind is a terrible thing to waste.
I really like the way professor Michael Sandel responds and summarizes the points of these students. He links Patrick's point of the uncertainty of the conception of good and Mary Kate's point of freedom when deciding one's role. Michael Sandel then points out what is at stake: the priority between goodness and right, and the definition of a free person, which are topics of the next class. Amazing.
Wow’s that’s lecture made my day in era 2023🎉
Excellent Teacher!!! Michael Sandel is a gifted orator. It's so inspiring to listening to such great lectures.
God bless you.
I wish i could be one in the room, but i am so appreciated can see the super lectures via youtube. Great professor!
It is really good to see real debates amongst young people in this lecture hall and in these comment threads. People are actually using real examples of their perspective to convey an opinion with substance. Great lectures and should give the human species a glimpse of faith for the future. If these people can raise to the status of actionable viewpoints, we have a brighter future for mankind.
Professor Micheal Sandel is a brilliant lecturer n skillful in putting interesting questions to the graduated students audiences after finishing his tutorial course sessions. I always like to hear his lecturing sessions with admirations n great respects as well. Harvard University has acquired most of the brilliant professors in every faculties. Grateful n highly appreciated for having the opportunities to watch on the youtube.
Very well done lecture. This may have been Sandel's best in the series. Objective and informative. The students also added a lot in their rich, varied answers.
They should play these videos in Congress. Maybe they will learn to intelligently debate issues
I'd play a video of high school policy debate tournaments, younger aged kids debating way more eloquently and intelligently than even this.
@@TeamPill new age debate is sadly trash. Essential fast talking to get more points in...no bueno
@@WhiteRhino. It allows for more complex discourse once a person gets used to it. It's hard to have a good debate when one is limited in information and time to argue about that information.
"I WISH I WAS THERE TO ANSWER THIS QUESTION" is a common thought when watching this
yessss!
If I can turn on youtube to watch Dr Sandel all 12 lecture videos more than I don’t know how many times. I have full confidence that As a college student, I would have attended all of his 8am lectures If I had registered to the course on site.
35:19 looks like sandel touched a nerve there LMFAO
These lectures are great, who is still here in 2021?
Thank you very much for posting these lectures. I am a student of Philosophy in United Kingdom and these lectures are of great help. A very good series indeed!
I try to finish all of these lectures
From Afghanistan❤️
anyone else in 2021?😁
Are you ok there dude?? All the India is worried about civilians of Afghanistan. Love from 🇮🇳🇮🇳
Vishal Thanks dear Vishal! Although, nowadays, we have no hope about future in Afghanistan, still, we’ll try to be fine!
Excellent lecture Who is here In 2023 👌
These videos are really great. I've been transfixed for the past 4 videos. I especially thought that the conversation on Affirmative action was rich and covered multiple perspectives, and it was presented by young minds in a dignified manner -- on both sides.
It goes to show you how a good teacher/educator can set the stage for students to learn and grow by sharing different perspectives. The Socratic method is truly a great tool for education!
Everything about this lecture series is just wow
Thank you for sharing your reflections Chikeeze. Truly a good description of how we in this reciprocal communication can lift one another, and allow our gifts, strengths and talents to peak!
According to Kant, I think a virtue of self-appreciation is also a categorical imperative that everyone should abide with, hence, ultimately speaking, freedom, or say the right to choose what you do, coincides with the telos of the vocation you choose.
Great lecture
Really great to hear this learning enhancing lecture in 2022. Can't stop myself checking again and again whether I hit the like button or not .
I love these lectures!
Walking The course is a distinguishing factor to separate professional l level versus others
Exceptional lecture!..Thank you.
Discovered those lectures in 2023! 🌺
The Supreme Court should have looked at the very reason Golf was invented to protect the “integrity of the intent of the Sport.” Golf was invented in Scotland to maintain men’s fitness for WAR. The walking up and down hills with a bag full of “irons” was designed to replicate the walking of long difficult distances with a backpack and equipment. It is more difficult to maintain a proper swing when winded from walking a course with the Golf Bag. Similar to being winded for the biathlon after skiing when trying to zero in on the target shooting.
Amusing… but let's not play games and get back to the ✌🏽sport✌️🏽👀
Well if we go by that line of reasoning, we should also remove caddies from the sport and have the golfers carry their own bags over the entire course.
What a great oratory and a deep knowledge. I never experienced such great lecture. We are very lucky to have opportunity to hear through advance technology and gadgets. Lawfield is enriched due to efforts of such luminaries.
This university produces something great to the world. I can say it again when it launches such this lecture through YT. As I'm a law student ⚖️ who is far away from this university. But I can stay close by learning via many materials from it.
I am convinced by your lectures that I watched
In this moment I am facing the second lockdown in New Zealand. And I have decided to change my mindset and I am here. Investing in myself.
God bless you 🤗🙌
I'm a random guy from Holland and even though I find a lot of this stuff hard too understand, this series is very interesting and amusing ^^
keep it up Harvard & Mr. Sandel! :D
This was such an amazing lecture. My philosophy 100 teacher sent this to us to watch and I loved it. Professor Sandel is so clear and I really understood what he was saying.
but if you read these philosophers more closely you will realse that their views were open to reinterpretation
@@gauravchaurasia3235 hah, especially the libertarian ones, not to mention the affirmative action, that one had like 128 more layers that he never touched with a mile long pole
this guy give a great lecture thank you ahrvard and mr sandle
the reason they don't want golf carts on the PGA tour is to allow the fans to walk the course with the golfers. If the players used carts they would have to wait for fans to walk to the next hole. The PGA just didn't want to say its all about the money from the fan base.
Hi pretty how are you doing today? You look charming
There's also that notion...does being fit for something require the person's heart to be truly in it? Would Aristotle inquire that the person best fit for job is also one that genuinely wants to enter that profession? He seems to only look at it from the matter of inherent skill sets and virtues... I personally believe that an individual's personal motivation can drive them to learn new skills etc. so that they can become good at something they might not be naturally good at. That quality - paired with the consequential hard work and tenacity - is what determines whether a person is fit for something or not.
Great learning, Thank you very much.
Am gaining a lot.
I don't understand all of it, but the part I understand makes me want to learn more
Prof Sandel. you made me aware of the inequality in the BBBEE Act in South Africa. I draft my complaint from listening to this video's . The Ends and Means.
its amazing that we study aristotle to this day, just as the scholastics in 14th century feudal colleges debated and disputed his words endlessly, 8th century middle eastern islamic centers of learning interpreted and applied his logic, all the way back to the Lyceum over 2300 years ago where Aristotle himself taught a Greek audience of people just like us today
Thank you professor
Henry Halakhe from Northern Kenya,2023
Thank you! Something told me that was the case.
Inspiring. That’s the word.
47:44 Nice of Matthew McConaughey to speak on behalf of pirates
I would definitely prefer sprint-golf to walk-golf. I must be wanting to honor athletic skill.
Players run from an hole to another and can use that time to try to get a hole
but idiots don't realize when you're in the lecture you don't get the same quick intuitions they can get in the comfort of their home
CZcams just recommended it to me. Good recommendation, Thanks!
Aristotle also suggests that the is only one 'end' or 'purpose' for every individual... even if there is that one exclusive thing they're great at, the average person has an array of motivations and skills that they should be able/will want to act upon. Especially in our modern society, where it's very unlikely for a person to stay in one career throughout their whole lives, due to the rise of AI and structural employment... Many people also have interests that are maybe 'inconsistent' with each other, but they're still able to compromise and pursue both of these ideals in some form or another e.g. a scientist who works in lab, but also finds the mean to communicate/entertain audiences through a science broadcast show. Both pursuits require a different set of skills but an individual is capable of doing both. I think Aristotle robs a person of the ability to fully explore their potential (which shouldn't be entirely objective on the grounds of freedom).
Exceptionally informative and well done.
2024 I'm here 🎉
he's unmatched lecturer.i like the way he articulates issues and also once you listen to him you would want to know what is the next word he will utter...
thanks for uploading this video. it helps me a lot :)
I'm surprised how Plato's 'Republic' hasn't been mentioned in regards to the idea of "fit for role". He's the one that promotes an utopic society in which all its members are assigned a role based on their abilities. From a theoretical perspective, he makes a good point that could be debated within this discussion.
Thank you for learns about its because we are learning for to get better
I love this series lol
I Have that Robin Williams skit in my head during this "Hit the Ball, get in the cart....Hit the Ball, get in the cart....Hit the Ball, get in the cart...." lol
"...as we have all, peace is only the right thing to do!"
Can someone please tell me whether or not I can access the syllabus for this course, and if so where? I would love to know what books Prof Sandel is using for his course so that I can read and follow along in conjunction with the videos.
Legendary lecturer
Your products and quality shows your capability
Thank you Micheal Sandler. Sir. For what u do and who u are . And yes I can drive and have valid drivers lic. The police said Thay don,t care what i think.
Easy for Aristotle to justify slavery when he can deem that he himself isn't fit to be a slave :)))
No man is born slave and no man ever will. It is unjust by human nature and human natural condition and therefore whichever society either create it or allow it is going to crumble soon . Because it is perfectly unnatural and unjust . And it should be archaic already . A thing of the past which humankind will never go back again.
great lecture
Slavery does not belong in a just society. The American dream is neither to rule nor be ruled. We should all be free agents regardless of our generational predispositions.
I enjoyed this talk quite a bit
You ruin the internet!
Can't wait for the next one.
This lecture was acting facts actually in 🇬🇧 2023
Does Aristoteles define what it means "to fit" to a certain position? If I am physically and intellectually fitting but don't want to fit, does it still mean I fit?
सर्वे भवन्तु सुखिन: सर्वे संतु निरामया।
सर्वे भद्राणि पश्यन्तु माकश्चिद दुःख भागभ्वेत।।
can any of you tell me if Sandal or Harvard is going to be releasing another similar series anytime soon or by the end of this year?
Allah give you longer life with good health Amen ....i am sending prayers to you from Pakistan
Prof. Sandel has exactly the same speech patterns as Sam Waterston - the same arc of vocal tone, the same accent, the same slight quaver and lisp.
2022 still watching these
The Executive is the most important part of the government. It exercises power as recommended by the Constitution of would. The president of USA is the Chief Executive. The executive also appoints judges with the help of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. 👍👍👍👍👍
Un punto importante es determinar el nivel de la actividad, en contraste al trabajo, debido a que una actividad de diversión puede ser 1. Juego 2. Deporte o 3. Box. You dont play Box, you fight. En ese sentido, creo si es importante el considerar la fatiga como un elemento importante, caso contrario podrían jugar mini golf.
Well, textbook definition says: an activity involving physical exertion and skill in which an individual or team competes against another or others for entertainment.
I've treated golfers as a physical therapist, and I would say that they do get tested both physically and mentally during their rounds on the course. The most significant stressor however seems to be the chase for a score, not so much the walking element.
These lectures are great..I think am becoming an associate lawyer
Came here after I watched a clip on tiktok 😅
If your minds, in pressure, then all your body’s feels uncomfortable!
That is definitely true. He doesn't do that at all.
As I've understood it, Socrates made those look as fools that thought they "knew it all".
Wasn't this partially described in his defensive speech? (its been a while since I read it I must admit) Anyway, wherever this clever way of holding the class' attention and keeping it flowing like he does is excellent and very inspirational.
what if you are good at most things and have a vague walk in life and your good at both your a pirate with eye patch peg leg but wear a biz suit and have a doctor's personality? and are equally talented in many talents?
Sandel elevates ideas of ultimate goodness and perfection, via Aristotle, and the concept of the telos, above more practical goals in resolving political issues, like reaching consensus, and determining what is a fair outcome of a particular political controversy. Aristotle's ideas are not favored by contemporary political philosophy discourse. It results in dysfunction, nonresolution and conflict in the body politic. I suggest taking a look at Richard Rorty's work, which entails a more enlightened view of these topics. Particularly good is his 1990 lecture at Carleton College, entitled Ethics of Principle vs Sensitivity. Search youtube for this.
Search Kongsikyung. You will find the future of our society. Freedom first before Justice!!! Humanity first before Ideology!!! And for Victory of Freedom!!!
Why can't we have many more of this?
When push comes to shove you've got to do what you love, even if it's not a good idea.
Can anyone recommend another good video series like this on CZcams . thanks!
andrew Huberman lab,
or robert sapolsky lectures about biology
@@levizjaperdije8499 Thanks Buddy
Jordan Peterson has 2 long ones super thought provoking, also John Vervaeke has a long one, but it is like way beyond phd level, not like just out of high school Bsc, like this one, so buckle up Dorothy.
@@ricardosantos6721 Thank you !
The cart might be equipped with a measuring gadget and give a player an insight to what strategy could have an advantage. Maybe that sounds ridiculous but if you are able to rush through the course it's going to be an easy money grab because walking the course was or could disturb a player's comfort as they practice do they walk the course? So there's an added difficulty for the common players it's a game of patience huh?
Interesting that you mentioned ✌️🏽an easy money grab✌️🏽… I think you should elaborate more on that thought 👀
@UTOG90 It's incredible. He seems to have absorbed his philosophical influences so completely he can reach to them for the right answer at any time. That's real skill.
Agree that you should give everyone the option of taking a cart.
If you make a sports challenge with prices you can choose what the rules are and not the government. You coukd reason that performance enhancing drugs should be allowed because one player has narcolepsy or that the ball has to be red and bigger for half blind players. You are advocating for equality and fairness over the basic reason this sport exists and the rules that bind the essence of this competition.
I feel like if you were truly a "fit" to be a janitor, you would not want anything else. So if you wanted a different vocation, you weren't a fit for being a janitor in the first place.
Hi pretty how are you doing today? You look charming
Walking is not an essential part of the game of Golf, if it was, then why aren't they scoring or disqualifying based on walks?
I hate to be all loopy conspiracy theorist here, but pay attention to 44:00. It's very applicable to today's society. I would argue that there are probably people with a lot of power (and/or a lot of money) who probably would share Aristotle's view of slavery.
"There have to be people who deserve to be slaves. Fit by nature, cut out to be slaves. People who are meant to be ruled. Their nature is best recognized if they're slaves. They can recognize reason of others, but they can't partake or participate in it."
Hypothetically if people only believe they're participating in politics but they're only stuck in a lower/lower-middle class, observing and serving menial jobs, or no job at all, and having a limited presence in government offices then it could be translated to Aristotle's description. Not intending to compare lower class citizens to slaves. But it's just an interesting thought.
The honors and politicians are still at the Assemblies full time. Meanwhile, there is a class that runs the McDonalds and Walmarts and keeps society going with shares flowing to their stocks. The elites have a different view of the world where they sit. My guess is that it's not much different from Aristotle's.
No, I think that's wrong. That is WAY outside of the scope of modern american culture. It is far more likely than you're impugning the motives of a class of people who you oppose, than any significant number of people holding such old fashioned ideas today.