Geology 11 (Metamorphic Rocks)
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- čas přidán 8. 07. 2024
- Glad to have you studying with me! I have more content in the works and I hope you'll enjoy it. For those that are interested, the best textbook out there is this one: amzn.to/47VNed8. However, it's a little old now (two of the authors have passed away) and if you prefer a newer textbook, I would recommend this one: amzn.to/45UFDcR
For other introductory geology lectures: • Introduction to Geology
This video is my lecture on metamorphic rocks. It covers the textures and origins of metamorphic rocks, the minerals frequently formed inside them, and the environments that produce them. I hope you enjoy it! This video is also closed captioned.
I haven't studied geology since I was 18 in 1981. Coming back to the subject has been totally exhillirating. I even base 2 week vacations now on where I can see some interesting rock formations. My next trip is to the Dalmatian coast of Croatia and the caves of Slovenia. Learning so much from these videos.
I suggest coming up here to Sudbury Ontario. You can see all the rocks and formations posted in this vid. you can see ancient faults lines , granites, folds, you name it. Sudbury is a geologists wet dream and is a very unique place on the planet. Sudbury is in the middle of the one of the worlds largest impact craters (3rd largest), known as the Sudbury basin. Sudbury is also home to a second large impact creator known as the Lake Wanapitei crater. A good time of year to come would be in mid September, when it is still warm enough to hike, but cool enough for the bugs to be gone.
Still re-watching your videos, as I said in an earlier comment. For others, I began my college career with this professor, and now I am in a higher level course, years later. I find this professor's attention and effort to be extraordinary and his videos are illustrative of this fact.
Thank you!
Thanks to you, I was able to finish and succeed in my geology exam. Thank you so much.
Glad I could help!
I've found one of those wriggly patterned rocks in a local river (NE Scotland) and went down a rookie geology rabbit hole trying to find out what it was (apparently migmatite with ptygmatic veining, not that I would ever remember that in a conversation!) Geology is so interesting, to think of all the rocks smooshing together somewhere deep below the Earth's surface only to come up and trip you up some millions of years later :) Thank you for making these lectures available for us casual nerds!
Yeah, a rabbit hole! But feels good when you solve it!
This series rocks! Literally!
Thanks. I'm a geology student from Brazil and I'm trying to remember some concepts
Whoopie- these are such a refresher. Remembering when one takes for granted 👍🏽
I am really loving these videos. So well explained.
Fantastic series of videos! They're so informative and I really like the way you present it.Thank you so much for putting in the work to make the videos, highly appreciated! Thanks!
An excellent presentation - thank you
Another great review. Thanks for posting these. I had to pause a couple of times to figure out if the barking dog was on your video or the neighbors. Lots of igneous rocks here in Nevada. As a retired Geologist, this is a great place for me.
You are awesome, and you are a fabulous speaker. I'm just getting into geology in a self-paced manner due to simple curiosity. Thank you for sharing and doing what you do. "Lithified" definition made me laugh, "rockified".
Wow, thank you!
Informative, concise, with no extra unnecessary dialogue. First rate video! Thank you.
Wow, thanks!
@@EarthandSpaceSciencesX I definitely agree I even avoid my own lectures due to that exact issue....I love when it is straight to the point:)
Thank-you for sharing your vast knowledge of Earth Sciences, Love sitting in on all your geology video's You are such a good teacher, because you held my attention through all your lectures. Will re watch many video's and taking lots of notes, thanks again for refining my understanding of geological processes. and mineral development. Scott :)
Awesome helpful lecture. Thank you
These videos are great for accompanying my studying in University Physical Geology.
They are great recaps of everything that I have been hitting the books trying to learn for an exam.
Great to hear! Glad to know they are helping.
Professor Day, your lectures are very GNEISS. Your style of teaching ROCKS! :P
A very nice lecture!
awsome presentation
very nice presentation i say thank you so much
This is really good sir!a very underrated useful information with excellent way of delivery.Thank you.
Amazing presentation
These are amazing just FYI. I'm using so many of your videos to help with my degree
That is awesome!
As always the video is easy to understand sir thnx 😇 you are really cool teacher to learn from
Gud luck 🍀
This would be much simpler if they didn't create so many names for almost the same rock. As a chemist, I also have to learn all the chemical names later on. It all gets quite confusing. Anyway, excellent lecture as always.
"Meteor impacts happen all the time" - On a geological timescale, yes. On a human lifetime timescale, much less so. Over the last seventy years the dozen or so large airbursts have been detected over largely unpopulated areas, vast oceans, deserts, tundra. Only one or two multiple injury events in a lifetime, and a handful of individual injuries. That is until something larger hits.
Thank you!
fantastic lesson, thank you
Glad you liked it!
as a kid, these where my favorite kinds of stone
It's still my favorite kind. :)
Yes, well done !! 😍😊😎🎶😃✨
Thank You
Very cool series
Thank you very much!
Very interesting as ever, thanks
Where i grew up, in the north of England, all our houses are roofed in slate tiles. We have the same geology as Scotland, our rocks were from that same ancient Caledonian mountain chain.
Really enjoying these so far, you are an excellent teacher
Mess produces beauty 👍👍👍
thank u very much i learn much from ur explanation style
So nice of you to drop me a kind note! I'm working hard to update them all but I'm thrilled to know these older videos are still serving their purpose well. Cheers!
Ur very welcome, im currently binge watching more of ur videos its almost an addiction haha ill send u more thanks now in advance as its well deserved...exceptional work brother
In the Adirondacks, there is a mountain made of garnet. (I think it’s Gore Mountain.) When you park at the visitor center, there is garnet spread out on the surface. How did so much garnet arrive at the surface of this mountain top?
I have a video on mountains that explains how highly metamorphosed rocks can rise to the tops of tall mountains. It’s called Geology 16.
Your lectures are of great help to me.
Very interesting, I will look for all the previous videos too. Thank you.
Great videos great teacher. Want to see those extra videos on sedimentary rocks.
Noted!
I was trying to find on here the text book or books you are using for diagram illustrations? You have some really good ones on your videos better than the beginner geology book i have. I am learning at home and would love to have a more complete reference book. I plan to also try and print some of the pics as well. Thank you for your wonderful videos!
I have to wonder if "What is the world's ugliest rock?" appears on a certain professor's tests now and then. Maybe just for extra credit? When I was in grad school (math) in the distant past, I'd have extra-credit questions on calculus tests based on current events.😊
thank you sirr really an awesome presentation.........plz do a favoyr by explainibg the barrovian zones and facies relationships..etc
There are some great videos on youtube that you can find that cover this in some greater depth than I have here, but Barrovian metamorphism is largely what is emphasized in this lecture (even though I never mentioned that here because the lecture is for beginners).
I here recognize the N-American pratical approach to teaching. You said you enjoy metamorphical rocks. Then you should go to China, where they slice rocks in thin layers, encase them in fine carved pieces of hard wood, thus creating wonderful abstract-concrete pieces of art. I learnt to like these items over time. They are really moving, as they speak of millions of years of time, pressure, flux.... They give another dimension to our lives' ridiculus time span. They speaks of eons, they tell how continents form. And in some way even the old time Chinese who dit not have any clues in geology guessed what thoses rocks were as they saw them as "signs of nature" or "writing of nature". Some of these pieces of natural art may cost hundred thousand euros. Thank you for sharing your knowledge (from France, in Ardèche, where there are many metamorphic rocks)
Alex Vernes, it sounds lovely but, I enjoy "unsliced" rocks just as much. It's humbling to touch something so old, it boggles the mind. To use your quote (which really speaks to me, which you have encapsuled beautifully!)
" They give another dimension to our lives' ridiculous time span". How right you are :-)
Good day sir,
A big thank from India🙏
Thank you sir for invaluable knowledge. We need more of your teachings in environment science.
Bravo
Thanks
What's the difference between foliage vs banding because I know hornfels aren't foliated but they do show some banding (sometimes)? And Bluechist is non-foliated because it's receiving pressure from all directions right?
I don't think any of the rocks are ugly.
Thanks for the informative video
I have many of those but I also live near the San Andreas fault near devil's punchbowl
Devil’s Punchbowl is one of my favorite places to take students to on geology field trips. Beautiful area.
Yes
At 34:57 is a host rock with a vein of quartz going in one direction and a "vein of gold" running perpendicular to it. I'm not at all familiar with a "gold vein". I understand a quartz vein that forms with hot water depositing dissolved quartz and other minerals, but how does a "gold vein" form? That's totally new to me.
I know of a missing link in the education of geologists. They tell us that our planet Earth has the most to fear from an asteroid impact or volcano eruptions. But when we look at the many horizontal layers that we find everywhere on our planet, we clearly see the effect of a repeating cataclysm. These disasters are mentioned in ancient books like the Mahabharata from India and the Popol Vuh from the Mayans and others. They tell us about a cycle of seven disasters that separate the eras from the world. Certainly, regularly recurring global disasters cannot be caused by asteroid impacts or volcanic eruptions. The only possible cause is another celestial body, a planet, orbiting our sun in an eccentric orbit. Then it is close to the sun for a short period and after the crossing at a very high speed it disappears into the universe for a long time. Planet 9 exists, but it seems invisible. These disasters cause a huge tidal wave of seawater that washes over land "above the highest mountains." At the end it covers the earth with a layer of mud, a mixture of sand, clay, lime, fossils of marine and terrestrial animals and small and larger meteorites. Forests that existed are flattened and because of the pressure from the layers on top the wood is changed into coal. These disasters also create a cycle of civilizations. To learn much more about the recurring flood cycle, the re-creation of civilizations and its chronology and ancient high technology, read the e-book: "Planet 9 = Nibiru". It can be read on any computer, tablet or smartphone. Search: invisible nibiru 9
Ad Roest, Nibiru , I'll take a real word for it from someone like Neil deGrasse Tyson (an American astrophysicist, planetary scientist) over a wishful thinking author dreaming up "Nibiru" that doesn't exist 🙂
My favorite rocks ROCK!
Andrew Boehmer
I have some stone as like Impact, black, Topaz, Kimberite, carbonate, colored diamond type 90%sure 10%not sure, please suggest to me
These lectures are getting really intense and exciting, absolutely amazing stuff.
I noticed you mentioned we can send you an email.
That would be great as I have some questions to ask you if you don't mind.
Where can I find your email? Thank you.
I think it was for the original class.
In which tectonic settings is it common to find foliated metamorphic rocks? What are the environmental conditions that make it easier to form foliated metamorphic rocks?
They are fairly common in mountain belts and subduction zones, environments where sediments commonly get buried and compressed. In fact, my next geology video (working on it now) will cover mountains and subduction zones, so be looking for that soon!
Thank you!
Hi, does anyone have any book suggestions? I'm following this class for fun, so I don't want a full on text book, but I'd love a grown up picture book so I can see more examples of the different rocks etc to help with identification. Or anything else you like reading. Thanks
Sir please request you to make video for how do gemstones form
I have a sandstone dark grey with what looks like calcite veins spidering all over...I thought it was Arkose, now I'm just about sure 😃 hopefully it is a piece of the seabed before the Appalachian mountains....
how we would differentiate between gneiss formed from shale or granite
It can be very challenging, but the best method (in my opinion) for a quick assessment is by looking at the porphyroblasts. Weathering tends to concentrate some ions (especially aluminum) in shales while removing others, and the porphyroblasts are where these ions wind up...typically in the form of a garnet or staurolite. Granite probably would lack these mineral phases since it would be largely unaltered.
What is the difference between a tectonite and a melange? I've had this doubt for ages!. Good video btw
Wikipedia has great articles on both of those rock classifications and I highly recommended you look there. In short, a tectonite is a rock that possesses a metamorphic fabric formed as a consequence of shear stresses (usually along a fault). A melange (French for "mixture") is a blend of rocks typically scraped off the surface of a subducting oceanic plate and accreted just adjacent to the trench. Melanges are usually basalts, marine sediments, and associated nearshore deposits. Even whole portions of the seafloor (called "ophiolites") can be incorporated into a melange. Melanges are typically put under high pressure-low temperature conditions that yield a blue-schist metamorphic facies that is fairly distinctive. Tectonites may be present within melanges, but melanges are more a description of mixed coastal rock units whereas a tectonite is a metamorphic fabric indicative of local shear. Hope this helps!
Thank you so much. Those concepts are now clear for me. You should do more videos of metamorphic petrology, I'd love that.
Terutama sifat bebatuan yg berguna untuk seluruh kehidupan.
Thank you so much for talking and sharing what your thoughts beleaves and claims.
Where Exactly can we find such rock process place to shape new metaphoric rocks?
slowly ticking through all your videos, and really enjoying them. if quartz-rich sandstone turns into quartzite, what does quartz-poor sandstone metamorphose into?
If they are particularly quartz-poor and lithic-rich, they alter to metagraywackes. If they are under the right conditions, foliation can develop and it will become a schist, probably dominated with platy biotite and garnets. If it is non-foliated, a hornfels or amphibolite facies rocks may form. Hope this helps.
Which rock don’t you like?
This reminds me of the fact that regardless of the tectonic forces, the water in rocks cannot be compressed.
Actually water can be compressed but the coefficient is very small. It is used more in hydrogeology. The modulus is 4.6×10-10 Pa−1
Which one is phyllite ?
Looks like layers layed down under running water to me.
i had a lot of questions whats ur email?
I don't publicly disclose my email except to students enrolled in my class. You are free to ask questions here in the comments section however. If I have time, I'll try to answer them.
who are you?????
If grey whacky is a sandstone I got one you'd pull your wallet for!
Rex
What dog?
This video was gneiss....
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That dog is very distracting.
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These are amazing just FYI. I'm using so many of your videos to help with my degree
That is awesome!