How a gyroscope guides a rocket
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- čas přidán 13. 06. 2024
- In this video we examine the peculiar properties of a toy gyroscope and show how they were harnessed to stabilise and guide the WWII German V2 rocket and the USA's giant Saturn V that took humans to the Moon.
00:00 Introduction
00:17 firework rocket launch
00:45 Active principle
01:14 The hovering V2 rocket
02:07 Brains of the rocket?
02:20 V2 Gyroscope guidance
03:14 Carbon jet vanes
03:31 Looking at V2 Gyros
04:56 Toy Gyroscope
07:52 Build a rocket gyro
08:58 The demonstration
09:51 Gimbal-lock
10:17 Measurement
11:45 Go electric
12:24 Gyro relics
12:38 Gyro air rotor
13:07 Artificial horizon rotor
13:18 Balancing of rotor
13:39 PIGA gyro rotor
13:50 S-75 Dvina gyro
14:29 Summary
14:40 More like this?
Presented by Robert J Dalby.
For more information on the technology and history of the A4-V2 missile visit our website at: www.v2rockethistory.com.
Produced by DB Video Services for Astronomy and Nature TV - Věda a technologie
Explained in less than 20 minutes what some courses do in a week. Bravo!
loved the metal thing he built to act as a rocket body that really made it click where pure explanation videos about the gyro failed
That footage of the rocket stuck in mid air is wonderful!
I wonder if they landed it?
I used to work at a place that made gyros , part of the calibration procedure was to let them run for a week . This was called caging the gyro . You could watch several gyros spinning when I arrived at work the gyros would be flat perfectly . When I left work they all were about180 degrees pointing straight up . The gyros had NOT moved it was the earth that moved . Blew me away when I saw it happen .
Man get some flat earthers video footage of that, then again they would come up with some nonsense explanation for it but still.
Very cool
Sounds a bit like Foucault pendulum
Good point here. Maybe somebody can explain how you can steer with gyro control without the earths curvature and rotation screwing you up ?
Just done a bit of googling, think I can answer my own Q. with a crude solution. Earth rotation compensation - earth rotates 15 deg./hr anti clockwise, therefore if say time of flight 1 hour, simply aim rocket up to 15 deg to left of target (if target is due south). Earth curvature compensation - correct gyro with an air pressure reading altimeter.
I liked this instructional video.
My Father while in the Army designed and tested missiles at White Sands base. My sister has all of his written calculations/descriptions/designs. I like watching him putz with a small bicycle tire having welded rods on the center of the spoke array so he can hold onto it when he got the electric grinder/tool sharpener going at around 3400 rpm and placed the tire to it and got the tire spinning so fast he could hardly handle the dynamics of the spinning wheel in his hands. I watched him make his observations as he tried/forced to tilt the wheel in any direction. he was my teacher and inspiration for inventing. For a winter project we built a gyro copter,aluminum frame and a wooden 3 ply rotor/no motor required. springtime came along and he took it out of the barn and with a strong nylon rope attached it to the copter and the other end tied it to a stake in the ground. being 8 years old at the time, I sat in the chair of the copter..the wind started to pick up and the rotor(not knowing of the rotor brake)began to rotate faster and faster. I did not want to jump off it fearing the blade would kill me..so I went airborne and the first to fly it(sort of). I screamed for dad and he ran out of the house. being about 15 ft in the air he could only give me instructions. I got hold of the steering column, he said push forward slowly ..I did and landed perfectly,he jumped on and knew how to brake the rotors speed. Man what a ride,.he smiled at me and said " I really wanted to be the first and only person to fly it,.but now you have that honor" he was not mad,.but all the more determined to test fly it for himself. Obviously my weight was less and why i went airborne. A week later he and a few friends took it to a large prairie. they attached a long tow rope from copter to truck, dad put on a cheap helmet and harnessed himself in the seat and gave the order to go. the truck traveled about a quarter mile and dad released the guide rope..straight up he went,.then down,.then sideways,.then stabilized his flight. airborne for the better of twenty minutes flying around i could see a grin so big on his face looking though my boy scout binoculars. he eyed a long empty stretch of country road and began his decent and made a perfect landing. When it was all over his friends nicknamed him Gyro Jack. and ya know..he never flew anything else before and the only knowledge of flying the copter came from reading over and over the flying instructions and what to expect and how to counter any problems. he was a cool dad, I am proud of him . Sorry I just had to tell a story here. hope you had fun reading it.
Cool story!
Please make your youtube presentation of your dad's design.
Great stories!
Cool
Way cool!!! Now THAT'S a Dad 😂
Loved how you built a primitive model and attached simple paper pieces. It showed the principle very well. Too often people show the complicated model right away, making it hard to grasp the fundamentals.
I was a Pershing Missile officer in the late 1960s. The Pershing guidance system was basically the same as you explained. Your video brought back a lot of memories. Thank you.
I'm 59 and have exposed myself (sorry about that) to science all my life. I’ve seen most all the gyro videos on CZcams.
This is the first time I've seen a demonstration of the concept of active control using the broom, that I recall. Perhaps it was the way you succinctly made the the mechanics crystal clear. Absolutely nailed it.
This video was extremely well done. Robert has a real flair for explaining and goes into just the right amount of detail to be interesting. It is not easy to communicate this clearly and keep the viewer engaged. Bravo.
i really appreciate people like you taking the time and effort to teach people like me in a simple understandable fashion.
Excelent! I was trying to explain to my 12 year old son how a gyro works and this video explains it perfectly! Thank you!
Superbly clear and entertaining.
Thank you very much! I am a school level physics teacher and this video is exactly what I needed!
... sehr sehr gut - toll dargestellt mit Feuerwerkrakete, Besen und Kinderkreisel mit tollem schnell selbstgebauten Mechanismus für den Spielzeugkreisel...
Toll! 👍👏
Worked in Marine navigation and used to rebuild spinning mass Gyrocompass's by full overhaul , cleaning , dynamic balancing the rotor and then reassembly with new parts ,balancing the gyro itself then running it up and while it precessed and stabilized , checked it over 4 hrs of runup , adding weights as required ... then afterwards test runup and check of the Gyrosphere balances by using a swing table , interesting work .
Im lucky, it was just yesterday that I was thinking how that stability of direction worked in rockets, great demo. Thanks
The best explanation of the practical use of a gyroscope on the internet! Great work! 😀
Loved the demonstration. Thank you sir.
I asked for one demonstration, I got two!!
That was a good demo on gimbal lock phenomenon!
The genius of the German engineers left my head spinning!
That was a good demonstration/explanation of the gyroscopic process.
Wow, I just stumbled on this amazing video and learned the rocket science in 20 minutes. Knew all the physics of Gyroscope but to put it altogether in such a simple way is just amazing!!!
bloody hell... that was amazing... the way you explained how they work was masterful, 55 and i learnt something new
Something I have wondered about for years thank you so much for this video.
Such a wonderful simplistic demonstration, your point was perfectly clear. Kudos!
Amazing footage of the V2…. Amazing brain that came up with the gyroscope .. the human brain is truly remarkable.. Von Braun was a genius and deserved a Nobel Prize…😏
He neither invented the gyro nor the rocket
Very well explained. I always wondered how gyros worked but this demo clarifies the concept well.thanks.
This is an incredible demonstrations and explanation ! I always wondered how the rocket angle control was made. Thank you very much for that!
So nicely explain nobody has ever such complicated subject before on u tube
As Soon as he said , “talk amongst yourselves”, that’s it …., I subscribed…..😹😹😹👍🏻
I so wish Mr Dalby, his helpers and CZcams were around decades ago (for me that's the 1970s ) so that it didn't take years or even decades for some engineering concepts to come together and link up in my head. What a beauty!
At 10:23 I almost exclaimed: Watch out for gimbal lock, you're risk loosing your bearing.
This is the best demonstration of gyros I've ever seen.
In the video he makes a gimbal for a toy gyroscope. He uses a cool metal strip from a roll that has regularly spaced hole so he can use screws and bolts to assemble it.
He shows gyros from a V2 and from a "Soviet era SA75" surface to air missile.
There's some V2 launch footage including one where the rocket engine is making just enough thrust to keep it suspended above the launch site.
Michael Shook Can u tell me what exactly is that metal strip called or any online link to see and buy it? It looks pretty pliable. Thanks!
It took me an entire semester to understand this and you did that brilliantly in 20 minutes. Great video!
Very nice, straightforward demonstration. Love it!
Yeah, I noticed that "straight" off. He put a good spin on the description, and didn't put his own slant on it.
Excellent presentation. And thank you for not flooding the video with rock music, techno music or multiple frame snap- backs or constant close ups of you ( not dismissing you, but many CZcams presenters are trying to promote their personal image rather than present the information ). Your presentation brilliant for showing it is a gyro in a gimbal with instrumentation on the gimbal providing the guidance data - that is what many explanations skip (or don't know or can't explain). Thank you. I have spent many hours watching your videos on rockets. Now on to your astronomy vids . . .
Superbly done. Thanks.
Great contribution of Genius German scientists and engineers to the world. 👏👏👏
Robert H Goddardl
Yup, Robert Goddard
excellent explanation and demonstration, I had not seen a proper attempt to explain how exactly the gyroscope information was converted to fin movements before. I love this era of engineering and electronics because there are no computers or advanced electronics to break a chain of understanding from start to finish.
Excellent video that shed light how is used the gyroscope.Thanks.
Fantastic! Wonderful work! Thank you so much for putting this together.
Excellent work.
I came to see how Falcon Heavy stayed upright during launch, now I understand. Thanks for a great series of videos!
Great practical explanations
That was the best explanation of missile guidance I have ever seen.
amazing explanation
Really great video - impressed that you had parts of an actual V2!
This video is still giving in it helped me understand how these gyroscopes work in the Rockets. Especially that demonstration with the paper compass.
Finally a good video explaining how a gyroscope work
Excellent explanation, thank you for sharing.
Absolutely brilliant video which shows just how important the gyro is to space travel.
Wow!Amazing example of explaining things intuitively
Really an excellent presentation! Simple and yet effective in bringing out what a gyroscope does.
Well done Sir. I feel gratified that I learned something new today.
Very Well Explained! Thanks for taking the time to make this video
Really well-done. Thank you for the demonstration.
So incredibly well-explained
Omg :) I was looking for a good video on gyroscope's functionality and found this gem- Subscribed right away - love this channel - Thank you for creating it 🎉🥇
really great and very high quality informative video, i rarely see videos that don't annoy me in one way or another!
Keep up the good work! Greetings and all the best!
Thanks. Well spoken, precise and excellent avionics stuff.
Fantastic explanation, easy to understand and very clear demonstration. Probably saved me hours of research =)
A professor of mine told a story about a science teachers' meeting. One participant had prepared a suitcase with gyro inside. Arriving at the conference hotel, he spun up the gyro, signed in and the let the bell boy help him with the suitcase. Coming to the corridor corner, the bell boy was amazed how the suit case did not want to make the 90 degree turn. Well, after this story the professor lifted a box from behind the stand, grabbed a string handle and pulled it heavily. Then he demonstrated with that box how the mentioned suitcase had behaved at the hotel. I believe everybody in the audience enjoyed this kind of teaching as much as I did.
Awesome simple easy to understand demo, very interesting, thanks
Excellent video! Thanks for making them and taking the time.
Very beautiful demonstration.
Really informative and the demonstration is very simple and understandable!
Fantastic demonstration, thanks for posting!
I simply just love the history and science of weapons technology, especially rockets.
Fantastic! Thanks for the great demonstrations
Superb video!!!
Thanks for taking your time making and sharing it!!!
brilliant...very well explained
Simple and clear. Excellent. Thanks!
Excellent demonstration!
Well explained
Very interesting and well presented, thanks for posting!
Very well demonstration!
This is perfect.
Absolutely comprehensive and the subject convered in totality
Thank you very much :-)
That was an absolutely fantastic video! You are a really good teacher.
What a great collection! Thanks for sharing!😀
Excellent video. Look forward to more of them.
I want a teacher like this for my next semester.... studying aerospace eng.....
Thank you sir.
Hoping to use it somehow
Great video! I'm about to implement my Arduino gyroscope to a segway I'm building and I felt that I needed to know the principle behind gyroscopes abit more and this video is awesome.. Thanks alot!
wonderful demonstration thanks !
very exhaustive and easy to understand explanation.
Thank you for the wonderful documentary. I tried to understand how gyros stabilise rockets for a long time and finally I understood how it exactly does it.
WONDERFUL video! LOVED your plumber's tape gimbal, and the other examples from the V2, aircraft instruments and Russian missile! Terrific!
clear and instructive
Such an excellent explanation!
Very instructive video. Thank you.
Excellent presentation! Much informed. Wow.
very well presented, I covered all this nearly 40 years, when training to be a weapons engineer, amazing we have in mobile phones now!
Excellent video, thank you!
You explained everything so well that I totally forgot that you spoke English (my mother tongue is German). Excellent!
Incredible. Thank you 🙏
Nice bloke, clever and humble.
What a simply amazing enlightening video.
I'm like a born again engineer!
I personally think that explaining the two properties of a gyro Rigidity & Precession would have made the presentation more understandable in the circumstances. Good effort.
Very interesting. You've inspired me to make my own "toy" gyroscope on a gimbal.
What an excellent video. Thanks for sharing.
I noticed this little fault too, it's actually called the 'Pendulum rocket fallacy'. On the pyro rockets it's just the aerodynamic drag effect reducing the instability (not negating it entirely) sending it into a gravity turn trajectory. Maybe it's just the term 'counterbalancing' that is not correct and causing the confusion (and introducing the pendulum fallacy). Nice video though, love seeing the actual original rocket parts.