Types of Foreshadowing in Films - What is Indirect vs. Direct Foreshadowing?
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- čas přidán 5. 06. 2024
- What is foreshadowing in films, what’s the difference between indirect and direct foreshadowing, and how do filmmakers use it to build intrigue?
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Chapters:
00:00 - Introduction to Foreshadowing
00:45 - Foreshadowing Definition & History
02:08 - Direct Foreshadowing
04:47 - Indirect Foreshadowing
07:46 - Foreshadowing Applications
10:57 - Takeaways
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What is foreshadowing?
What is foreshadowing in films and how do filmmakers use it to build intrigue? In this video, we present a foreshadowing lesson for filmmakers and storytellers. Not only covering the difference between direct foreshadowing and indirect foreshadowing but how these techniques can be applied. From the obvious applications of foreshadowing like dialogue down to the details like props, music, and production design.
Foreshadowing Definition
At the basic level, foreshadowing is anything that indicates or hints at future events in a story. Between the two types of foreshadowing, we either recognize these hints right away or only in hindsight. But in either case, it can create a cohesive story in which the audience becomes intrigued at how it will all turn out.
What is direct foreshadowing?
Direct foreshadowing is obvious to the audience right away. But even then, there is a spectrum of presentations - from clear indications of what will happen later in the story to simply hints that leave room for ambiguity or subversion. For example, in The Tragedy of Macbeth, the witches state outright that Macbeth will one day take the throne. But rather than ruining the ending, we are more intrigued by how he slowly corrupts his soul in the process.
In Frozen, we are told that the only way to cure Anna’s curse is through “an act of true love.” The filmmakers use our expectations of a “romantic” love but it is revealed that it is a sister’s love that breaks the spell.
What is indirect foreshadowing?
Indirect foreshadowing is only obvious in hindsight, either at the end of the film or upon a second viewing. This is different from easter eggs, which are deliberately hidden inside jokes or clues but have little to no bearing on the actual plot. For example, in Ari Aster’s horror fairy tale Midsommar, the first image we see is pure indirect foreshadowing. We open with a mural that lays out the entire plot of the film. Of course, we can’t recognize that before we’ve seen the film but it works as indirect foreshadowing nonetheless. It gives the tragedy a sense of inevitability - that Dani was always meant to find herself among the Harga and that the demise of her friends was similarly foretold.
Foreshadowing in films is everywhere and if you’re looking for tips on how to write foreshadowing in your next script, these examples should give you a head start. It is a skill that all storytellers, no matter the medium or genre, can use to bring the audience into the narrative.
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Chapters:
00:00 - Introduction to Foreshadowing
00:45 - Foreshadowing Definition & History
02:08 - Direct Foreshadowing
04:47 - Indirect Foreshadowing
07:46 - Foreshadowing Applications
10:57 - Takeaways
I wouldn't call the dream in the Epic Of Gilgamesh actual foreshadowing. That was a prophetic dream. A prophecy isn't really foreshadowing. I suppose it can be considered a form of direct foreshadowing. I consider it something else. Maybe it's just that I think foreshadowing should be more indirect.
I love your channel
"Just shitty pipe dreams" line in Shawshank has to be the best foreshadowing of all time.
That's a good one 😉
I never even caught that lol
And I’ve only watched that movie a million goddamn times. DOH!!!!!!!!!!
This channel is so epic. How do you find all of those examples in all those movies? What an insane amount of work! I'm enjoying learning from every video
Just have to love watching movies 😂
@@StudioBinder if you ever need researchers etc hit me up! I’ll help any way I can. I love the channel
Me too. Love you guys ❤️❤️. You are amazing
Some of them are already popular on the internet but never knew Midsommer (chosen one) and Jurrassic Park examples.
If i become director one day i will mention u r channel name for my success
I feel like foreshadowing elicits a way for the audience to more actively participate in the film... they are not just observing, but they are expecting something, they are engaging with a secret, they are playing detective....it's so cool! Every time I watch your videos, it's like a gift, ya'll rock!
I think the first time I became aware of foreshadowing as a storytelling device was when I was a kid was rewatching The Wizard of Oz and realising that the roles or titles of the main characters in Oz are all fairly directly foreshadowed by the people in Dorothy's life before she goes over the rainbow. The Witch of the West and the Wizard are fairly obvious even on the first viewing, but the things that the other people say, alluding to their Oz counterparts, is a bit more clever and seemed like "a thing". Much later I learned the term for that thing.
👍
Studiobinder can present things you already know and make them more interesting than you thought possible. That's a masterful craft. Can't wait for the next one!
Every week 💯
“Amphibia” had a lot of foreshadowing throughout the season trilogy when it comes to loose an eye or arm, missing one shoe, and dialogues that we did not see it coming. I love how it shows elements that create the entire arc of the story.
My favorite is from "Adventures in Cat Sitting". I think that was the episode name.
I have to say, Christopher Nolan's Interstellar was a severely unique and amazing form of foreshadowing. It had been such a complete plot-twist, to say the least, and though everything had been so complex in the story, he connected all these patterns, insights, foreshadowing to create a final statement in the end of his story. Wonderful video, Studiobinder! Much love!
The amount of foreshadowing and payoffs in Knives Out is so awesome.
Unrelated to films but one of my favourite TV series with arguably have the highest amount of foreshadowings placed beautifully from the very first shot to end is Attack on Titan. A lot of reveals in this show have the best execution and payoffs you’ll rarely see in any other series so far.
Rewatching the 1st episode now, you realize the story couldn't have ended any other way.
It is a brilliantly written story
If you like forshadowing you should watch One Piece. That anime is the king of forshadowing in any medium.
FORESHADOWING IS MY FAVORITE LITERARY DEVICE IN BOTH FILM AND LITERATURE YESSSSS
It's a powerful technique!
Can you also please make a video on Symbolism and Foreshadowing. Similarities and differences.
Thanks for the suggestions!
I can single handedly say, this channel made me start writing wattpad stories and viewing movies differently
Happy filming :)
The "we have the same suitcase" from fight club was a blatantly obvious foreshadowing, but so good!
"-Soap..... I make and I sell soap."
unrelated to foreshadowing but one of my favorite lines is right before that... it's delivered so fucking well: "You have a kind of sick desperation in your laugh(?)".
It's like a direct statement and almost a question at the same time... it's hilarious and I've always loved that line.
It worked well!
I always learn with enthusiasm thanks to you StudioBinder. I understand better now that the principle of Foreshadowing, is a kind of Clue in the Dramaturgy which invests the Spectators, as a prevention, without spoiler. Brilliant, Intelligent, Inspiring.
Glad you liked it!
@@StudioBinder By the way. I really enjoyed your first video which talks about the Opening Scene. It inspired me a lot for writing Opening Scene. I wrote a comment there.👍
One I noticed was in The Big Lebowski. When the dude visits the step daughter of lebowski one of the paintings on the wall is of scissors and on a red background. It later pops up in the dudes hallucination which eventually wakes him up. Subtle but they still had it in there as a device used to continue the narrative and provide a major jump in time.
In all my years of studying film, television and overall media. There is no other expert, master of forshadowing quite like Eiichiro Oda with his work One Piece. The show and his storytelling is just a master work in forshadowing.
To the fact other manga artists also followed his route of foreshadow elements such as Gege, it only serves to prove Oda’s legacy.
The beginning of "The World's End" basically foreshadows the whole movie.
There are a lot of examples of foreshadowing in the movie a beautiful mind, but the best for me is when Nash is playing pool with the hallucinated Charles, and Hansen asks “who’s winning, you or you?” Something I only picked up on the second viewing.
That is a great example!
When it comes to Indirect movie shadowing, at 5:19, I never realized Ed's foreshadowing in Shaun of the Dead
"We'll have a Bloody Mary first thing"- the first zombie Shaun and Ed deal with is a girl that's in their garden.
"A bite at The King's Head"- Philip gets bitten.
"A couple at The Little Princess"-Shaun goes to rescue Liz, David and Diane.
"Stagger back here, back at the bar for shots"- they all pretend to be zombies to make their way back to The Winchester
Edgar Wright is the master of "in your face" forshadowing.
Foreshadowing is like a wise fortune teller talking about your future by giving you hints and predicted the said future once you figure it out.
Well said!
Fantastic video guys. You’ve done it again. I’d just like to point out that the spoiler alert and the specific movies you do spoil are so very much appreciated. Keep it up.
Glad to hear it's been working!
Indeed, thanks for the warning
I loved the foreshadowing from The Sixth Sense and Signs. Still gives me chills.
Classic examples 👌
in Poltergeist when the bulldozer accidentally unearths the family pet's graves that the children had made earlier - foreshadowing the opening of graves towards the end of the movie
👌💯
I consider this foreshadowing, but many Shakespearean scholars don't even pick up on it. In Macbeth there is a scene where Malcolm tells McDuff in detail what a horrible king he will be. This is often interpreted as testing McDuff's resolve. But in Holinshed's Chronicles, which is the main source for Macbeth, Malcolm actually becomes the monster he warned about, if only in the play written 600 years later.
I have always hated Chekhov's Gun... in movies it is less of a problem because you can't observe every detail of every frame... but I like to listen to radio plays and there it is often on the level of spoiling the plot.. I think a good story has to have elements that are not directly related to the plot- otherwise you don't have to understand a hint to get it, you just have to find it.
Interesting take, never thought about what foreshadowing would be like on radio
One of my favourite examples of foreshadowing is in "the Gold Rush."
Chaplin builds a dancing puppet out of two forks and two dinner rolls; the forks are the puppet's legs, and the rolls, its feet. In a later scene, Chaplin boils a boot and eats it.
(In the earlier scene, he makes shoes out of food; in the later, he makes food out of a shoe.)
The Good Place's first season twist is filled with foreshadowing but for most people, they see it but don't realize what it means. The writers count on several things ...one, that viewers trust the story they're being told is true if there's no indication of a mystery or an unreliable narrator, especially in sitcoms and two, that we as humans are so adjusted to negative things like fear/unhappiness etc... being a part of our lives that even though the narrative of the Good Place says something else(whether you believe it or not) we wouldn't see the incongruity with what was actually happening. (This is vague, I'm trying to be relatively spoiler-free here)
Foreshadowing has always been one of my, personal favorite aspects of filming.
It's a great technique!
Great informative video, I just wish so many movies weren’t so blatant about their direct foreshadowing. It’s one thing to HINT at future events, it’s another to completely spoil the plot twists and ending. I’ll take the subtly and surprises of indirect foreshadowing any day.
In Alien, Kane's first line is "I feel dead", to which Parker replies "anybody ever tell you you look dead?"
Sweet 👍
Glad that you started the video with Shipping up to Bostons from the Departed
Of course ;)
I love how the video is edit. Thanks to the subject of foreshadowing, you just put the outcome directly and that...that is pure comedy hahaha. Also, that line on shaun of the dead, didn't get that until now. So cool. Always surprising me, studiobinder.
That's what we do :)
Always a treat when a StudioBinder video is released.
Get your treat every Monday!
There was foreshadowing in Squid Game. The walls depicted illustrations of all the games to be played.
One of my all-time favorite examples for foreshadowing comes in "Treasure Island" (the book and the excellent 1966 TV adaptation). Stevenson makes vast use of this technique all over his book. For example, in the very first sentences Jim Hawkins, years after the adventure, starts with telling the reader/viewer that Master Trelawney and Doctor Livsey had asked him to write the whole adventure down and to spare out no detail except for the island's coordinates because large parts of the treasure were still on the island. In a badly written novel, this would almost spoiler the whole story: We know right from the start that there is indeed a large treasure on some island (not a surprise of course, given the title of the book), that there are some main characters that obviously have survived the adventure ecc. But the way that Stevenson puts it into words, it creates more mystery and suspense. Who are those men Trelawny and Livsey? Why didn't they write the adventure down themselves? Maybe they didn't make it right to the end? If this Jim Hawkins has obviously returned home, why are there still parts of the treasure on the island? Why hasn't he taken all? And why has he waited years to write the story down? That is really a fine way to start an adventure novel.
One of my favorite instances of it ever was in a book by Jim Butcher called Skin Game. It's book 15 in a massively long series, but I'll be careful about spoilers just the same:
The entire book one character addresses the other in a strange way, by addressing him by his formal title "Wizard" before asking a question, but not all the time. Until the finale where it was revealed that those two were conspiring against an enemy that could listen in on them and it was how they were communicating. This was explained in a brief flashback to an earlier scene that had been brushed over as 'running errands.' Upon first reading I noted the weird way they spoke to each other but didn't see the twist coming.
Also a great tool for helping plan out exciting plots while you focus on your characters and other storytelling methods.
One of the first times I noticed foreshadowing in a movie after learning what it was is in the movie The Day After Tomorrow, the scene where they’re at the Museum of Natural History talking about the mammoth who died by freezing so fast it still had food in its mouth and stomach
For me, Foreshadowing is interesting tool for authors to send a clear message. Because of that, for me the more the better. The real difficult is articulate. So, for the time being i just believe you can put both (direct an indirect) in rhythm..
Definitely both can be used in the same film!
Attack on Titan has plenty of amazing examples of foreshadowing
Maybe the best examples haha
Game of thrones scene was a perfect example for beginners to understand the nature of foreshadowing 👌🏻thanks for that example
You should keep dropping more examples clips in between your videos, it helps better to understand us. Also for thought who didn’t understand and didn’t subscribe 😬
Glad it's been helping!
Did you cover MacGuffin in one of your videos? I would love to hear what you would have to say about the topic.
Yes yes! Foreshadowing contributes so much to a story when done right, and I love that it can be given in many forms. Thank you SB again for each and every one of these documents!
Hope it helps!
one of my favorite uses of indirect foreshadowing is in Incendies
also Breaking Bad & Better Call Saul use it a lot in interesting ways
Nice! What's your favorite example?
Awesome Studiobinder! Every Monday I learn something new from your guys. Fantastic!!!
Thank you so much 🙏!!!
You should also mention Spock’s fate in Star Trek 2: The wrath of Kahn.
👍 Good suggestion!
That one has a few different layers to it. :-)
Thanks. Please do one on symbolism.
Thanks for the suggestion!
The Example of Foreshadowing in the Epic of Gilgamesh is one of my Favorite. About Mythology Inspiration. In Movies, Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988), Jurassic Park (1993), The Shawshank Redemption (1994), Braveheart (1995), The Patriot (2000), Batman Begins (2005), The Dark Knight (2008). And many more movies foreshadowing.
All great examples!
"I won't fail you. I'm not afraid."
"You will be. You will be."
My absolute favourite example is at the beginning of Raiders of the Lost Ark. “I HATE SNAKES,”
👌 That's a good one
The foreshadowing is the best thing films has made
Great video. Thanks StudioBinder
Hope it helps!
Sometimes i think even those movie directors didnt know all these about their own movies. Studio binders is making it up to teach us the real way of film making 🤣
A Midsummer Night's Dream (1999), when the camera is panning through the town crowd and fixes on a man leading a small donkey through the crowd. The camera follows the donkey for a few seconds then stops. The donkey keeps moving, revealing the character of Bottom the Weaver (Kevin Kline), who of course eventually has the head of a donkey thanks to Puck. It's just very smoothly done, definitely my favorite foreshadowing in a movie. It's also a very nice adaptation of a great play!
11 minute video released 2 minutes ago. And I’m commenting that this was a great video 😊
Cheers!
Thank you studio binder. This channel is so kind and give us free movie making related things which is worth it with similar real class. Now i am interested more to study about filming too eventhough i am science bachelor.
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In RRR, Ram and Bheem exchange the flag and the kid which foreshadows that Ram will be helping Bheem in his mission to save Malli while Bheem will be helping Ram in his mission again the British Raj. That's foreshadowing. Amazing video 🙂
I think Studiobinder will achieve 10 something.
Let's hope!
One of my favorite pieces of foreshadowing was from the Game of Thrones first season (the entire series having been loaded with foreshadowing throughout, although the series ending... yeah, let's not go there.) After watching the entire first season, I re-watched the first episode, and realized that a significant event at the end of that season's finale was foreshadowed in the first episode when the princess, upon receiving devastating news, descends into a steaming hot bath that has just been poured for her. "No, my lady! It's still too hot!" Upon first viewing, we assume she feels nothing because the news she has received is THAT mind-numbingly terrible. But, it turns out, there's another factor at play, as well.
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It is forshadowed throughout the first season. Another example is when Daenerys' servant burns her hands while trying to remove the burning dragon egg from Daenerys' hands, who on the contrary has no burns ;)
I was today years old when I realized that Ed foreshadow the entire movie in Shaun of the dead.
the final destination franchise is the one with the most foreshadowings i know, it's very good
First of all I want to say I have been watching these videos since last night and I find them utterly inspiring. I have a story of me and I’ve always felt that it could be written out as a very compelling movie but I did not understand how to outline it. These videos have given me some tools . As for my most favorite foreshadowing movie it Hass to be Alfred Hitchcock’s shadow of a doubt. We studied this in my art history class in high school. I love the use of the The smoke billowing from the train, the superstition of not putting your hat on the bed. They are more but I would rather people go and watch the movie and find them for themselves. It’s an amazing movie a compelling story filled with suspense. Please go check out that movie ASAP. Now I have to watch more videos so I can start creating my amazing script!😊
Hey hi, hope you finished your script ❤
Memento movie has a brilliant foreshadowing that tells about the story is going backwards.It was represented in a dialogue by Carie Ann moss in memento.Nolan is one of the master storyteller that uses foreshadowing in his films like interstellar,tenet etc
thank you for this, this is one of my favorite topics in movies!!! 😍
Glad you liked it!
"Indication". "Hint". No, it is _preparing the audience._ If Ripley had out-of-the-blue appeared with sufficient exosuit loader skills to take on the alien queen, we would have been _puzzled._ So Cameron justified her skills with two earlier references to Ripley doing loading work, both of which fit seamlessly into the narrative and arouse no suspicions or expectations. When the doors rise and we see Ripley in the exosuit it is unexpected, and dramatic, but makes _perfect sense._ (We also know Ripley and the queen are now evenly matched and we can expect the bitch-fight of the century, but that's an illustration of an entirely different dramatic principle.)
The lesson is: you don't want a _huh?_ moment for your audience, but instead an _of course!_ moment that both surprises the audience and makes sense. For that reaction, you need to prepare your audience.
Exactly.
I believe when they wrote the script one guy asked if it wasn't kind a "rabbit out of the cylinder" for Ripley to show up in a loader.
And then these clues were inserted. When Burke mentions that he is glad that she got a job. And later when she helps to load the equipement onto the drop ship.
Another great video to the list
Excellent content. Instant subscribe.
There has never been a better example for this technique than „Moby Dick“. At the beginning the prophet at the docks foretells that one day the crew would smell land where there is no land, and on that day Captain Ahab would find death. But one hour later he would rise and wave the crew - and all but one would follow him into death. Instead of spoilering the story it creates more mystery - a stroke of genius.
My favorite type of foreshadowing is when a character is super beloved by everyone at the beginning of the movie. To the point of them being perfect and innocent with no flaws. This usually foreshadows their tragic death and the aftermath of that.
Also when I see a group of people (whether friends, family, a couple) having an awesome, amazing, innocent fun in the beginning of the movie, that can also foreshadow a really bad tragedy that will change that dynamic forever.
In Alexander Payne’s ‘Sideways’, the Life Of Wine dialogue between Miles and Maya is one of the best. Perhaps less foreshadowing specifically for the plot itself, but more generally for the nature of relationships, it’s incredible writing. Miles explains via the cultivation of Pinot why he’s hard to love, but notes that when treated well, it’s divine. Maya continues that all wine has a timeline where it peaks, yet changes day to day. This puts in motion where the two characters start moving towards for the rest of the film, and beyond. Bravo Payne!
That's a good one!
You missed the other Shawshank foreshadow. Spoiler - there is a scene earlier in the movie where the book "The Count of Monte Cristo" is mentioned. Shawshank ends up being pretty much like the Count.
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very very informative ! amazing video
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Better than a college. Thank you, StudioBinder.
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And I love the voiceover.
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A personal favourite: Star Trek II- The Wrath of Khan at the beginning after the kobayashi maru test Kirk is met by Spock at a turbolift and Kirk says, “Aren’t you dead?”
Sweet 🔥
My favourite uses of foreshadowing are probably in this years ‘Nope’ by Jordan Peele. Throughout the whole runtime I think that, while it doesn’t do anything groundbreaking, it’s one of the most solid modern example of how to write a story.
your channel is golden.
I really enjoyed how Moon Knight foreshadows the plot with the set etc.
Good observation!
In Close Encounters when Richard Dreyfuss makes Devil's Tower with the mashed potatoes and his family thinks hes really lost it..haha
😂
Great video !
Glad you liked it!
Arrival was pretty good at foreshadowing.
Fight Club!
Those flashes of Brad Pitt for me was one of the most innovative and effective use of editing in foreshadowing
Thank u to this channel
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I don't know wether this counts as well, but in How I Met Your Mother in the Episode where Marshalls Dad dies there is a countdown. In every scene you can see a number e.g. The number of a Taxi, a number on a Shirt etc. With every scene the number drcreases and in scene "0" Marshall learns his dad just had a heart attack and didn't make it.
The narrator, isn’t that the same guy as the one who narrated “An Internet Story” way back when? It’s such a specific soothing voice.
best channel eva
So that's what it meant all this time, in regards to Luke having that "encounter" with Darth Vader in Dagobah; the foreshadowing of what was about to come in Vader revealing his true idenity!
I love this!
😉
Hi dude... Here to waste ur time! One of my favourite studio binder videos... Didn't realise this was that important.... Also,
Never gonna give u up
Thanks for watching!
Knives Out has some strands of foreshadowing I believe are notable because Rian Johnson suggested on the DVD commentary they were unintentional. A fair few people probably noticed this but, when seated for interviews, none of the suspects' heads line up spatially or visually with the centre of the big ring of knives prop. This goes hand-in-hand with Blanc's "doughnut hole filling in the doughnut's hole" analogy for unravelling the mystery.
Marta (who we believe is the sole, accidental cause of the death) sits where she could fill the hole, but the camera never lines up to show the match. It's not until the ending where Benoit Blanc sits in the centre do we complete the "doughnut" as he links all the threads together. Supposedly a crew member told Johnson 'I saw what you did there with the knife doughnut', but he hadn't actually realised (the link between the doughnut thing and the knives, presumably).
Of course Christopher Plummer also foreshadows that the knives in the ring are props and not real, which also comes up.
Joji is a movie I recently watched which has a fantastic screenplay. It has all the literary devices. It feels like a small movie at first. And then becomes intense.
How did it use foreshadowing?
@@StudioBinder In many ways all of which are indirect. The title itself foreshadows two main events in the movie. Chekov's gun is used, there's two more I remember but we don't wanna spoil it. Apart from foreshadowing there is every other literary devices used. Metaphors, allegory, allusion... Everything beautifully. I really wish studiobinder watched and reviewed it. As an aspiring filmmaker I loved it. Please do watch. Check out the trailer to see if that interests you czcams.com/video/9yULZ8y1J-s/video.html