COARCTATION OF AORTA | Pediatrics | Causes | Pathophysiology | Symptoms | The Nures Station

Coarctation of Aorta is the localised narrowing of aorta near the insertion of Ductus Arteriosus. It is a congenital heart defect of unknown etiology. Risk factors include family history of coarctation of aorta, maternal rubella during pregnancy, presence of other congenital heart defects, genetic predisposition etc.
Clinical manifestations of coarctation of aorta include higher blood pressure in head and upper extremities and a lower blood pressure in body and lower extremities, cool lower extremities, absent or weak femoral pulses, epistaxis, dizziness and heart failure.
Diagnosis can be made with the help of ECG, echocardiography, cardiac MRI, CT angiogram and cardiac catheterization.
The treatment options include resection and end to end anastomosis, graft interposition, subclavian graft and balloon angioplasty.
Nursing management focuses on monitoring blood pressure, obtaining blood samples and consent for surgery, monitoring femoral site after angioplasty and administration of medication.
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