Time Domain vs. Frequency Domain, What’s the Difference? - What the RF (S01E02)
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- čas přidán 6. 09. 2024
- Learn the difference between the time and frequency domains
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In this episode of What the RF (WTRF) Nick goes into detail on the difference between the time domain and frequency domain and demonstrates both on an oscilloscope and signal analyzer respectively.
What exactly is the difference between the time domain and frequency domain? And what about the frequency domain tells us more about our signal?
In this video we have the same signal going to an oscilloscope and a signal analyzer, both being tools to visualize electrical signals in the time and frequency domain respectively.
Typically the higher the frequency, the more waves we see in the same span on our oscilloscope.
In the time-domain, signals appear as sinusoidal waves and in the frequency-domain they appear as distinct impulses.
But why do we care to use a signal analyzer? In a perfect world we would see the undistorted sinusoidal waveform like we would see on an oscilloscope, but we don’t live in a perfect world.
When dealing with various devices it’s often you see a not so perfect, distorted sine wave with many ripples. You can say that a real-world signal can be represented as a sum of different sinusoid signals, or rather different frequencies.
Now let’s say you’re designing a product and your product can only operate in a specified bandwidth and can’t be emitting in other bandwidths. Then you must determine at what other frequencies do the other signals exist that are corrupting the signal you want from your device
And that’s where signal analyzers come in - they help separate and display this combination of different sinusoid signals into their distinct frequency components … so that if you were expecting your device to operate at a certain frequency you can see all the other frequencies that are messing with your device.
And once that’s figured out you can use a band-pass filter to tune out those annoying extra signals you weren’t expecting - hence the benefit of seeing signals in the frequency domain!
Tune in for future What The RF (WTRF) episodes covering more spectrum analyzer capabilities and fundamental measurements to see how you can test more efficiently!
The signal analyzer we used: bit.ly/MXASigna...
(The Keysight X-Series MXA Signal Analyzer)
The X-Series signal analyzers allow you to visualize across the spectrum to see known and unknown signals. Choose from frequencies of 3 Hz - 110 GHz and 1 MHz - 1 GHz analysis bandwidth.
What the RF is hosted by Nick Ben. The video series covers when and how to use analyzers to make various RF measurements. You’ll gain familiarity with features that will help you save time in your measurement, further your analysis, and deepen your insight.
#RF #SpectrumAnalyzer #SignalAnalyzer #TimeDomain #FrequencyDomain #timevsfrequencydomain #electricalengineering #rfengineering #fourier #electronics
Seeing the intro and outro, I'm starting to understand why these guys sponsor electroboom so much.
Lol heck yeah
advanced electric circuit class in under 5 minutes. This is how one person can use the phone while the other is concurrently using DSL on the same copper line.
"Well I'm glad you asked" needs to be a thing!
in a way the frequency spectrum is (in) the time domain since frequency is measured in the time domain, with among other factors, zero crossings may be analyzed/described instead of a bipolar minimum-maximum discrete value of a signal. at high frequencies there's less and less to describe so if isolated, they create tones instead of beats. just some ramblin'
On the signal analyzer's output, why are we plotting frequency against amplitude? In other words, what does the height of the peak at a certain frequency signify?
Essentially, the height of the peak signifies power at that frequency. For RF analysis the power levels at different frequencies is what we care most about. We want it strong enough to communicate in the bands we care about, and weak enough in surrounding bands so that it won't cause interference.
Most Appreciated. I hope you will come up with more comprehensive video on how to use an oscilloscope with their parameters.
Yes, I too would like to see a real world demonstration of the resulting waveform.
Any video explaining working of 433 mhz transmitters and receiver circuit diagram
Can u explain Laplace transform conversion from time domain to frequency domain??
Greatly appreciate the lecture. Question: let's say that you have a circuit in a 'black box' and you know it is likely to be represented by a transfer function, but you have no clue as to the circuit, components or values. Can you do a few tests and from the output, figure out what the black box acts like? Like searching for an equivalent circuit. would it be possible for a mechanical system?
Thanks in advance.
The outro is a little too long, though. Kinda ruins everything.
Thanks for a great explanation - very informative.
How does the FFT get us from a time-series to the frequency domain? Explain in this in terms of theory rather than using mathematical notations.
Waaay better than the first one and still a bit humorous. Good job!
its explained clearly and simply
Hello..Thank you for sharing helpful information.. I am a research scholar and going to purchase DSO or spectrum analyzer... is MSO having both spectrum n time domain?
An MSO has digital channels and analog channels, but you can still do an FFT and get the frequency content. Depending on your application you may want to consider both types of gear, or just one.
@@KeysightLabs thank you..
great video
Thank you. Would this s domain be the same as found in Laplace transforms
Oooh, great question. The Fourier Transform is a special case of the Laplace transform.
@@KeysightLabs thank you . So if I learn the Laplace then it will be easier to learn the Fourier?
I think it provides context for sure. I'd imagine there are good mathematics videos on both of them on channels like the Khan Academy.
@@KeysightLabs would the Laplace transform help with engineering projects such as balancing a pencil on end with XY motors as actuators?
this is really awesome and you're great at explaining this, thank you
Yes,another WTRF Episode
all I needed was the @Meisam's questions answer. Thanks reis.
Good day, I had collected a time-domain data in an excel form where column A is the time while column B is the torque about 6400 points in the 30s where I had simulated and converted into excel data from a mechanical simulation software with no specifications in terms of signal detailing// However, i wanted to determine my sampling frequency value through the excel data and found it difficult to determine the accurate sampling frequency as different number of points had been detected by the software with no consistent points // May i know if there any way to handle this kind of signal/waveform ?
Concise and brilliant explanation.
Thanks!
Bro plz explain difference between carrier signal and modulated signal
Helped me understand DSP for Speech to Text.
Awesome explanation, thanks
This is a good video, just be sure to correct the "begs the question" comment. Begging the question does not mean one should ask a question. "Begging the question" means that the speaker assumes the object of inquiry to be true, i.e. using a premise to support itself.
Interesting, thanks for the catch!
Thank you . Very helpful to understand Heart rate variability!
Can you show the harmonics and spurious.
Thanks. Amazing
thank you soooo much. So much easier to understand.
Good content! Love the intro and outro!
So are we just going to ignore that second peak in the first example on the signal analyzer?
Good question! It was at 20 MHz, so probably due to the less-than-kosher T-connecter we used to split the signal between the oscilloscope and analyzer. In a lab setting, you'd use an actual splitter instead.
big fan of speaking skills.. bro
Nice video brother.
So intuitive thanks!
Nice thumbnail
Great video! Thanks :)
Thank you
Great job also very funny! Thank you very much!
Thanks
the video was very informative but the ending XD, u have to improve that. BTW thanks a lot
thank you so much.
For spectrum analysis basics, check out this FREE application note ► bit.ly/SpecAnBasics ◄
good stuff!
It's making me slightly uncomfortable how much that table is wobbling around with those certainly not very cheap instruments.
It made us a little uncomfortable, too. We're getting a new table!
Those are beautiful instruments
They indeed are! Make sure to register for our Wave event: www.wavekeysight.com/ww-global-sweepstakes/ beginning March 1st and get a chance at scoring an instrument during one our many giveaways!
The intro is cringey af, but the video is quite informative
yeh rao is right! video cringy af but got the point . nice job kiddo!
appreciate it!
you should use another table...
We have a new one now! It drove us crazy, too.
Speaking about frequency domain. Pleeaaase use proper shutter times when filming in 24 fps, this hurts to watch. But if you want to do a vid like this properly just film in 60 fps
'properly' lol. It is a subjective decision and personally prefer 24fps over the hyper-real 60fps. All produced TV shows, with nearly no exception, are 24fps. Why? Because it looks good.
are you talking about the blinking on the analyzer? that's normal, they always flicker that much, it's the "high" refresh time
No, I'm talking about the all-around choppy movement of the presenter and any other animation on-screen. It's either double inter-frame compression that causes this or more likely too short shutter times on the video camera
now that you mention it, it's unbearable
Factory400 It's not "because it looks good", it's because that's the lowest frame rate that ensures your persistence of vision masks out the flicker.
Higher frame rates mean sharper, smoother video but that's not to everyone's taste. Some folks like a softer image.
Awesome
Unfortunately you have got me mixed up. I get more confused about your explanation. Thank you for the effort though...
please see him at playback speed 0.5........(for more fun)
you can see yourself also Mr. RF.
The way he talks is weird enough at x1 speed
There video is inspired by electroboom having so much accidents😂
Wow
WhazzUp!...👍..🍻
I wish there was a way of skipping the silly INTRO to your videos
Explaining basic stuff using $50k worth of equipment FTW.
Who is beating you
Nick !! Are you videoing from a haunted house ? Need to change location and check up on your granny.
Hahaha. Looking into new locations as we speak. Granny on the other hand has a mind of her own...
I gave a dislike because i was sleepy when 4:09
Thank you
great video
Thanks!