Battle of Annaberg - Germany and Poland Fight Over Silesia I THE GREAT WAR 1921
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The question of the allegiance of the ethnically mixed region of Silesia had already caused heated diplomatic arguments between Germany, Poland and the Allies after the First World War. After a divisive plebiscite the situation escalated into violence. Neither Germany nor Poland could officially send troops, but German Freikorps and Pro-Polish militias fought it out.
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» SOURCES
Boehler, Jochen. Civil War in Central Europe 1918-1921 (OUP, 2018)
Campbell, F. Gregory: The Struggle for Upper Silesia, 1919-1922. In: The Journal of Modern History, Vol. 42, 1970.
Lesniewski, Peter: Britain and Upper Silesia 1919-1922. 2000.
Michalczyk, Andrezej: Celebrating the nation: the case of Upper Silesia after the plebiscite in 1921.
Hitze, Guido: Die oberschlesische Frage im Jahre 1921. In: Die Politische Meinung 12/02.
Hitze, Guido: Oberschlesien als internationaler Streitfall. In: PAN 20/01.
Hoefer, Karl: Oberschlesien in der Aufstandszeit 1918-1921. Erinnerungen und Dokumente, 1938.
Tooley, T. Hunt: German Political Violence and the Border Plebiscite in Upper Silesia, 1919-1921. 2008.
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»CREDITS
Presented by: Jesse Alexander
Written by: Jesse Alexander
Director: Toni Steller & Florian Wittig
Director of Photography: Toni Steller
Sound: Toni Steller
Editing: José Gamez
Motion Design: Philipp Appelt
Mixing, Mastering & Sound Design: above-zero.com
Maps: Daniel Kogosov ( / zalezsky )
Research by: Markus Linke, Jesse Alexander
Fact checking: Florian Wittig
Channel Design: Yves Thimian
Contains licensed material by getty images
All rights reserved - Real Time History GmbH 2021
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And the only CZcams channel that want to organize a plebiscite on the CZcams algorithm. 🤣🤣🤣🤣
Become verified creators for Brave and I will support you with one BAT.
My great grandfather fought in this battle - thanks for the video...
signed up, and paid, for subscription, specifically for complete "The Great War" series; after searching at their website, no such "channel" can be found... lots of other stuff... nothing Great War Series... not even after "WWI" search... suckered into another scam??
this is not "annnaberg" this place name st.anna mountain
This period 1919-1921 has to be the most interesting and rare this channel has covered so far
It will be for sure! Especially thinking about the Central Europe(especially Poland and Romania stuff)... Crazy times...
Europe was probably the most chaotic it has ever been during that period. So many wars, proxy wars, civil wars, rebellions, uprisings, conflicts, everything. Same for other places like China. Truly, the "War to end all wars" made the world more divided than ever.
It is. And this guy does an excellent job, doesn't he?
I love the lesser known topics that shaped things in the interwar period as a result of the Post WWI map making. Thank you for covering this is a thorough and unbiased way.
Same here. So many people think Nov.11 was the end of fighting in Europe until Hitler came along. not so. In recent period after that Germans were still fighting in the Baltic region against the commies and here against Poland and faction battles n their own broken county, and that's just Germany.
Its interesting. I find it funny in a morbid kinda way that not even in Europe can Europeans draw borderlines on maps without everyone wanting to kill everyone.
@@smathers3104 It took the (communists?) till 2019 to take over the world.
Ww1 map is actual Europe map.poland got robbed
@@Nostripe361
You assume that 'European' is an 'identity'.
It's not.
Europe is merely an area on a map. No more; no less.
I'm impressed by your pronunciation of either polish or german names. Well done Jesse, sign of great professionalism.
He studied and lives in Vienna, Austria, if I am not mistaken. So that explains the german part.
But you are right, it is very nice to have a presenter who does not butcher every second name. 😅
I came to the comments to say the same. Very impressed with his pronunciation!
It’s s a Polish land that’s why the majority was “Polish speaking”, Germans wanted that land for themselves because of the coal. Poland was partitioned and occupied by Germany a few times; each time to try to Germanize, the people (there’s even a sentence about this in Polish anthem “we won’t let our children to be “germanize”)
so this region is very much influenced by German culture, even local language has some germanic influences.
I don't believe you are the ONLY CZcams channel that wants a plebiscite on the YT algorithm.
Me too. They should make a Coup d'état on CZcams algorithm insted :)
Come on Google, don't be evil.
We can win that plebiscite. Give us the date for the vote!
@@stevenginsberg8471 And if we lose the plebiscite, we will invade Germany!
wait, what?
@@miguelrodriguezcimino1674 they specifically made a note to remove that from their motto
for what reason? you can guess
This many years in who would have thought that a Great War upload still makes my day?
This is what I hate about the British education system we were never told about these important post war events happening all over europe, apparently the guns fell silent on the 11th Nov 1918 and the world was once again at peace. Thankfully there are fantastic channels like this one to help us understand the consequences of a flawed peace treaty for ordinary people
Literally, we do . The module 'Hilter rise to power ' is about 1918 to 1934 , the wars between the wars . 1/3 of the GCSE is about it...
Indeed, this channel is part of a healthy diet of research, discovery and understanding of everything we were deprived of white growing up on the winners side where glory often matters more than the truth! There. :-)
It's really weird. I didn't know about this conflict either and I went to school in Germany. One would think that in all the time we spend going through this part of history again and again we could talk about topics like these for a minute. Maybe they didn't want to risk somehow destroying the narrative or it just didn't seem important enough, I don't know.
In America we never even learn that the Soviets invaded Poland in 1920 with the intention of spreading the Marxist revolution to Germany and the rest of Europe. I do understand why it is not taught by American educators though, it would make communists look bad.
In fact the Great War continued for another two weeks in East Africa between GB and Germany
Thank you for sharing that story. As an upper-silesian I appreciate your work even more.
I'm german but this is the first time I heard about this. In school I never heard about this and in another video I saw, they said based on elections of the people living there it was divided. I think it would be important enoughto teach us in school
I think it's a matter of how much you can fit into the time available in school.
How would that water down the following lessons when we learn in school that everything and anything is OUR fault? Imagine how less the impact would be if we learned that in that place in time that Germany was not the only one feeling a little trigger happy? Does not fit the narrative you want to establish in the heads of Young Germans.
Don’t worry :) a lot of us silesians have double citizenship. Even though this region went to Poland in 1921- in my hometown and area there was not a single polish school, there were only german schools so people were taught in german and they spoke german (like my grandparents). Generally uneducated people have been cheated by polish government and their propagators that there is going to be social country (socialism was trendy back then and germany was poor after losing 1ww) and each miner will get some ownership of the colliery and they will be richer. Obviously after they fought to get to Poland, they received nothing. The only outstanding thing was that the region had autonomy in II republic of Poland. My great grandfather joined back then the german party and his brother - polish. They never spoke to each other again - politics was divisions families
@@parziiich Poles from Silesia didn't fight to get money. They fought, because they felt Polish and wanted to be in Poland rather than be again occupied by germans, who not so long ago abused them. The reason why there were no Polish school in your region is forced germanization. I bet you would like to stand side by side in the WW1 Austrian Army with guy with funny moustache, who later became quite a politician.
@@bartecki6 Don't be ashamed and say that there's no Silesian nation, no Silesian language and culture, in Silesia there're only Poles, and history of Silesia began just after the end of I WW. This is what the Polish governments claim, and this means that they are doing exactly the same thing that the Germans did to the Poles during the partitions. A word that no Pole will even bother to mention is POLONIZATION.
The Picture at 15:17 dosn't show Annaberg in Silesia it's a Picture of Annaberg in Saxony.
Still extremly well made Video, thanks.
Bad Google 😂🤣😂🤣
This channel continues to be excellent quality. Thanks for everything Jesse and keep up the awesome work. Many of us very much appreciate the work you put into this channel to keep it alive.
Thanks!
You must know how the fate of Silesia was confused. See my grandmother as an example. A husband in the German Afrika Korps, he was captured and until 1947 in a POW camp in the USA.
The first brother was in the Wehrmacht in tanks, he was killed by a Russian bullet in captivity because he had sugar. My grandmother's second brother got into the KZ Theresienstadt for not showing up in the Wehrmacht unit. The third brother was an officer in the Polish army, took part in the Warsaw Uprising and died there, hit in the back by a sniper bullet. Only one brother survived, the one who did not agree to military service.
Part of my family comes from Upper Silesia. I never heard of this conflict. Thank you very much!
Well your surname sounds both polish and german at the same time
Yaaaay, very specific episode for me, i'm from the Polish town of Katowice from Silesia region
I thought Teddy Roosevelt was from NY? :)
You mean Kattowitz !?))))
@Maximus sounds better in German.and historically it is Germany. she was part of the Holy Roman Empire.
@gobas88 Wanna change the Map again and take back the Territory to Warmia and Mazovia?
@@FerdinandGamelin How can it sound better in German if it's just a Germanization of a Slavic name?
Hello,
I am one of the enthusiasts of your channels both on a CZcams and on Nebula as well. I am Pole as an origin, born in Poznan and I am happy to see, you can avoid single sided (Polish and/or German) point of view on this very complexed problem. Simply: thank you. However, I have one favour to ask, you continuously exceed your 100th anniversary formula in both directions. Maybe you can find interest and time to present the Polish Greater Poland uprising of December 27th 1918, which is significant for me (but not only for me), because is one and only major polish uprising which has prevailed to this very day.
Best Regards
Marek Tomczak
I would have thought I knew a lot about history, but I absolutely never heard of this before, thank you for teaching us about subjects that aren't discussed :)
So happy to see this upload.
Brilliant episode. I hope someday we will have something much bigger and better than CZcams which will help thrive creators such as TGW without all this stress. 😞
It's called Nebula
Very solid work. Thanks for making it!
Amazing video. I thought I was pretty knowledgeable with European history, but had to admit that I had never heard of the upper-silesian dispute ever before. thanks for making me learn.
Love how I still see new videos of the great war
A great and markedly balanced episode! Thank you!
The idea that Lloyd George's support for the Germans, in this case, had anything to do with moral concerns is honestly laughable. That's not how empires operate when it comes to foreign policy, especially if the decision isn't a fast, impulsive one. He supported the Germans because he saw Poland as a French protectorate, and didn't want to strengthen France too much at Germany's expense. The point was to keep balance on the continent, not favour whoever happened to be right or wrong.
This cold calculated kind of thinking was certainly scarce in France by that time.
@@MSNL123 I mean, idk. France guaranteed the independence of basically all of Eastern Europe. regardless of what the politicians said in public or what might be written down in official files, they acted like they were creating a strong net of alliances and dependencies. France was the main force on the ground when any western power was directly involved. It gave tanks and other equipment to the new nations in the east. It secured investments there... All of this is perfectly reasonable to do regardless of anything else, but it's also the kind of thing that makes onlookers think "oh, these guys are getting strong, maybe we should kick them in the nads before they're too strong?"
.
Turns out the British really overestimated the French and underestimated the Germans...
@@CatWithAHat2HD These dealings with eastern europe are (in the whole) perhaps the smartest decision the french made in the early 1920s. And maybe, had all of then stuck toghether - a daunting task for the french diplomacy, but achievable thanks to their sheer power (not only military) - maybe they could have replaced Russia in the geopolitical considerations of the region and (that's a huge maybe) allowed France to get away with its vengeance on the germans.
I do think the french miscalculated several times, and grossly, by (1) ending the Great War demanding a new regime to negociate with, then (2) presenting IT with an artificially large - and (3) on the process of being enlarged - bill of the mess of their predecessors, partly to (4) enlarge several eastern allies it would (5) then proceed to abandon in the late 1920s and 1930s, starting at Locarno.
I don't think the british miscauculated, though. They had fastly diminishing capabilities (political and economical, if not military) to intervene in the continent. A Germany in the 1920s incandescent with hatred towards french and poles is a Germany that needs (armed and watchful) babysitting. To allow it to rebuild their international standing and internal affairs - after printing on the very soul of the nation the lesson on why the old ways were wrong - is a pacification strategy with some chance to work. To pose on the side of the fair players - with some care to not be caught redhanded too shortly afterwards - is not necessarily a principled approach to peacebuilding, but may be a convenient path to remove reasons for a rematch and build trust that can be turned into an useful instrument.
@@MSNL123 I think the post war peace was destroyed the moment French decided that they wanted revenge and to punish Germany instead of just reforming the nation. Pretty much they wanted to break Germany and make it forever a weak power. The problem for them was that the people in Germany would never accept that and all their work to break them just lead to the Germans to walk right into the arms of the Far Right and its promise to fix Germany and reclaim its strength.
That is, as always, the British are very helpful to Poland ! ;-D
Great content as always!
I love your presentations, objective, complete and unbiased, thenk you.
A very excellent summary of events - neither simplistic, nor burdensome
A well made podcast with an objective view on little known (if at all in the UK) example of post Great War problems. I am a big fan of the series.
Thanks!
Amazing and interesting video. You gotta love the old recordings
Very interesting and objective video. Thanks to you I got some new perspective on the subject :)
Mad props for releasing such a professional and well-made video. It's always especially impressive to hear people pronouncing German words so well. Much love from Germany, and may Europe always have peace!
May our people never fight against each other ever again. Tschüss!
Great video, thank you!
I much appreciate your series and applaud your approach to the subject and your research. You have a friend in Newfoundland.
Beside your excellent historical knowledge a compliment on your linguistic skills.
Regards from The Netherlands
Although being a year late, I just wanted to thank you for this material! Being Silesian and a descendant of both german and polish Silesians, I appreciate the nuances you've shown in material, displaying both wrongs and right of both sides.
However, I just wanted to bring one more nuance to the story - first and foremost, this was a class war. Poles were almost exclusively working class, while the capital owners were almost exclusively german. The emergence of Poland after WWI as a socialist state (lead by Polish Socialist Party) was a promise of a more egalitarian society to the working class in Upper Silesia, and the ethnicity was used to attract the slavic silesian working class.
Interestingly enough, a big chunk of polish Silesians who fought for Poland in 1921, were quickly disillusioned by the polish state, feeling that the region is treated rather like a conquered territory, with no local representation in the leadership and increasing polonization.
The struggle continues to this day - in the polish census from 2011, 800 000 people delcared their nationality as Silesian - and despite being the biggest minority in Poland, in the latest census from 2021, Silesian nationality was not even listed as one of the available to choose from. Every polish government since 1945 denied to accept silesian language as regional language. Not to mention polish government to this day enforcing polish nationalist version of history in our schools and public institutions, neglecting 600 years of silesian history when it was a part of german-speaking world.
Thank you for popularizing the history of my region!
"Poles were almost exclusively working class" ?? WHY THE PROPAGANDA?? They were not Poles they were Silesians. SIlesia has not been a part of Poland since the 12th century... suddenly they were Poles? Come on...
@syrtar poland did not want anything to do with silesia since 13century or earlier "they were poles" as much as the czech people are poles, similar language and slavic ethnicity.... there is a reason why silesians look different, there is a reason why silesian last names exist
@@1DEADBEEF1 Bro, chill - I am Silesian, not a Pole and I understand polish propaganda.
What I am saying is that people who spearheaded the so-called uprising from the Polish side were mostly Poles (not Silesians). Those were usually people who either migrated to Silesia for work from Greater Poland and Lesser Poland (Dąbrowa Basin to be precise). Just look at the leaders of the 3rd uprising - 2/3 of the leaders were born and raised outside of Silesia.
They later tied the working class struggle of slavic people (both Silesians and Poles) to the national conflict between Germans and Poles, successfully dragging a lot of Silesians to the polish side, because it was easier to convince a non-educated worker that the Germans were responsible for their misfortunes than to teach them the about class struggle.
@@1DEADBEEF1
Also sind Tschechen, Slowaken, Ukrainer Weißrussen, Litauer usw. auch Polen mit ehemaligen Jugoslawien usw.?
@@kajetan8986 "I am Silesian, not a Pole" A Silesian is a type of Pole.
Great video and great content ✌🏻
Too nice video with clear explaining
Another awsome episode about a topic I had little to no knowledge about!
Thanks!
Now this, this is quality content.
one great vid! thank you! (from Rybnik, Upper Silesia)
Very cool this was covered.
Do you know How is turtle in silesian dialect?
.....
Panzer żaba.
That means litteraly armored frog 😆😁😆🤣
Schildkröte shielded toad.
Beautiful example of a mix between german word panzer, and Polish word żaba
Pancerna żaba
@@SillyUwUBilly tak ziomek
Ej a czy nietoperz to po śląsku ”luftmysza"? Jak to kiedyś usłyszałem to padłem. 😁
A very well-presented documentary about a conflict that is virtually unknown in England.
Thanks for such an informative topic that’s never discussed any where .
Nicely informative video.
Can you make a special about freikorps or stormtrooper uniforms, love the show
So this is part of the aftermath of the 'War to end all wars'?? Lol.
the war to cause all other wars to this day
Just a few wars in the east, Greeks and Turks...Irish and British...
War & Postwar Events are extremely important. I’m thankful for your channel.
I'd simply like to congratulate you on an excellent series.
Thank you
Thank you very much!
@@TheGreatWar
The pleasure is all mine. The dedication and skill are yours.
...and I subscribed. Not much, I know, but I don't often do that.
I love your videos man
Thanks.
Great video, however it is clear that you did not use "The Silesian Uprisings 1919-1920-1921. The unknown Polish-German war" by Ryszard Kaczmarek - a professor from Silesian University in Katwoice. There are many aspects, like subversive activity in Silesia done by POW before the war (polish military spy network in Upper-Silesia), that you ommited. Kaczmarek's book has the most up-to date view on Silesian Uprisings and if one wants to have a full picture of the situation i'd recommend to check this book out.
I did not know the details yet and I loved the documentary
Great video
My mother is a German American immigrant. My great grandfather fought in the great war. Its crazy to me that men that saw the horror of that war returned to fight another. Stronger men than me for sure. Wow. I love these videos. so informative on smaller conflicts I never knew about! Thanks! keep em coming! Also the German pronunciation is great! Danke Sehr!
After all their sacrifices, some post WW1 Germans would not agree to the dismemberment of their country nor the loss of Germany's territorial gains in Russia. Because they were forged in war and didn't break (like I would have), they developed a whole new Weltanschauung.
For sale: one banana. Price: 2 trillion Reichmarks. Bring your own wheelbarrow with cash contained inside.
*us dollars
@@SteveVi0lence yea wait till 2023.
That was the "German prosperity" from the propaganda posters back then in reality.
You know you have hyperinflation when someone tips your money out of the barrow and runs off with it.
@@Darwinek it wasn't the Germans fault.
Thanks that was interesting
4:50 "War reparations" is the beginning of an extended crisis between the Allies and the Weimar Republic because of the exorbitant amount of money that the former were expecting the latter to pay. The government of Constantin Fehrenbach lost a no confidence vote on May 10 and collapsed, and Joseph Wirth replaced Fehrenbach. The same day the Reichstag voted 221 to 175 to accept Allied terms for reparations and war crimes, but the resulting hyperinflation crippled the Republic's ability to pay the Allies, leading to increasing tension that would peak in a French occupation of the Rhineland in 1923.
Keep your eyes peeled for our next episode if you're interested in the topic.
I want to add as an epilogue, that In september '39 German Einsatzgruppen had very detailed lists of people who took part in silesian uprisings and killed them all
@Fabian Kirchgessner it was not revenge it was the planned and fully supported attempted extermination of the Polish Nation by the German Government, nothing new since the times of Bismarck.
@@kamratkamrat3302 Germanophobic nonsense and slander. Nothing new since the Silesian uprisings.
They did everything right. The Poles and the French did not care about the opinion of the people and formed a terrorist gang to kill all those who disagree with them. Typical of the West and Poles is deceitful, hypocritical and Germanophobic behavior, coupled with stupid anger and hatred of Germans and resentment.
Do you have sources, I couldn't find it anywhere.
@@Ghreinos You couldn't find any sources about Einsatzgruppen atrocities on the internet?
My granddad fought during Silesian uprising on polish side. I still have his notes in form of rapport from that time :D
Super!
Gegen seine Ostoberschlesier gekämpft, wie traurig denn sie waren nicht nur Menschen sondern auch Cousinern, Tanten, Brüder, Schwester usw.
@@tJnani-rg5rl can you write that in understandable language?
@@KoW4LsKy
Ich kann Englisch nicht.
My great granddad on german side :D
I don't want to OVER-SELL the point I'm making...but one recurring theme that you touch on involves France's difficulty with the outcome of the War of 1870.
They were convinced that they were somehow wrongfully cheated in that war. This lead to their early "eagerness" to enter WW1 & to punish Germany afterwards. It would cost them dearly in less than 20 years.
@Aditya Chavarkar
WW1 French where call for war and reclaiming "French land"
Germany just decided to make first move
I seem to keep commenting on the same thing, but your photographs just amaze me. I realize they are colorized, but they are the best I've ever seen from the period.
Great Britain always stands for fair play. Obviously they never did in Ireland.
Fair play for them means when they squeeze money from others, even if it is for opium...
Fair play means the British way
Yeah they fair played to death India. South Africa, etc etc etc
Same in india. They are hypocrites
Or Scotland.
Hello, I am a Pole living in Katowice, Silesia, so i decided to share someof my opinions with you. I've read every comment and I've encountered many people saying basically those 2 things:
1. Poland was aggressive and attacking it's neighbours, therefore it was the evil one
2. If the Germans won the plebiscyte, they should get the land and the Poles can't say anything about this.
And here are my views on those 2 opinions:
1. Poland did not have a clear border like Spain or France. The Polish people were living in many parts of Eastern Europe, usually mixed with other nationalities. Silesia was just one of many regions, that the reborn Polish state had the right to fight for (for the reasons of Poles living there). After Poland disapeared from the maps after the partitions, all Polish (disputed or not*) lands were under the control of some other power. In 1919 Poland had control mainly over the post-russian lands that were ethnically Polish, with Warsaw, Lodz, Lublin etc. There were also ethnically Polish lands in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, but as it came to those lands, poles were not the only ones having rights to them. Ukrainians, Czechs and Slovaks all wanted some of those lands because they were partially of their ethnicity or because of historical claims (the second one is irrelevant in my opinion). The biggest problem of that situation was that there was no clear line on a map that divided those various ethnicities. That is why Poland fought with the Czechs and Ukrainians. They conquered all of the land disputed with Ukraine(which failed to survive) but mostly lost with the Czechs(*Poland had a bigger problem to the east). The lands taken by Prussia in the partitions were also ethically diverse. The Germans were a majority in cities like Danzig(Pomerania) or Kattowitz(Upper Silesia) but there were also many parts of those territories that were predominantly Polish. Like Poznań(Posen in German)-the capital of Greater Poland(that is the name of this region) or the rural parts of Upper Silesia. That is why there were tensions between Poles and Germans. Germany had all the lands that were disputed and did not wish to loose any and Poland had none at the start and wished to have those that are polish, whit the excemption of Pomerania. In Greater Poland a succesful uprising(made by people living in the region) secured those land for Poland. In Silesia... you saw the video.
2. In the terms of the plebsicite it was agreed that the lands would be split in some way. It wasn't like many people believe that the wining side takes all. The problem was the same as in post Austro-Hungarian lands, that the clear line dividing two ethnicities couldn't have been drawn. Anyway, 60% of people voted for Germany, many of those were Poles. One explenation may be that Poland was fighting the war with the Soviets in the east and therefore they looked more unstable, but I digress. The uprising did not start because the Poles wanted to take all of Silesia for themselfes, thereby ignoring the terms of the plebiscite, but to gain as much of ethnically polish parts of Upper Silesia for themselfes. Germany would be satsfied only if they keep all of Silesia and Poland could have been satisfied only if they get all ethnically Polish lands(which contradicted the German plans). The conflict was inevitable, no matter who got what.
@Fabian Kirchgessner I think you have just destroyed yourself
@Fabian Kirchgessner in which part did I show any racism?
Dzięki
@@run2fire for what and to whom?
@Fabian Kirchgessner you are just biased
I'm surprised that Poland could create an army in such a short time since there wasn't even a polish state since Napoleon
The Polish legions fought in WWI in hope of creating an idependent Poland.
There were many separate polish corps fighting on all sides of the conflict that later served as base for new army
The fight over Upper Silesia perfectly illustrates the big problem with national histories. An ethnically and linguistically diverse region with its own regional identity like Upper Silesia does not conform to the neat boundaries and straightforward narratives that national histories try to promote. Regions like that transcend borders, which is why we need more transnational historical narratives!
We agree which is why modern historians like Jochen Böhler are much needed. His hypothesis is that the post ww1 eastern Europe Situation was a civil war.
Sadly, it's precisely in late 19-early 20th century when people decided that national, ethnic historiography is the way to go. People are described as one or the other. Historical populations are seen as an extention of the modern ones, as if your ancestors from 1000 years ago would even consider you as their own. It's all wrong, but it was how we build a world of the nation states. A view which hurts some regions to this day.
@@Vitalis94 You're right and i think the reason for that change in thinking was because of massive population growth in those times and that caused everyone to need more resources and that led to people claiming lands using these "historical justifications".
@@Vitalis94 Nation-states are not going anywhere. People may be willing to die to defend their nation-state but nobody is going to die for the EU. Covid-19 crisis has shown the power of nation-states. EU has turned out to be a joke despite Eurocrats' protestations.
@@CrazyLeiFeng What does it have to do with anything? I never claimed anything about the future of the nation states. Just national historical narration.
And defenitelly nothing about Covid. Just chill, man.
Germany vs Poland, might be foreshadowing something
all while we tend to think prussia is ancient history.
No spoilers, please 🙂
The Polish leader Pilsudski foresaw the future.He said ."We are living in a golden cage.."
@@tolrem That republic only existed and it was founded because of Pilsudski.
@@rtservice6858
Und sowohl Pilsudski als auch Korfanty waren katholische Diktatoren.
Why did the majority vote to join Germany? Because Germany sent hundreds of thousands of people from Germany to vote. These people were born in Silesia but spent most of their lives in Germany.
Bullshit
The Poles did the same and all Polish people in Silesia were immigrants and only lived one or two generations there. In contrast, the German and native Silesians lived there for dozen of generations.
@@felixjohnsens3201 OMG what a BS. For first Silesians are Polish Tribe and one of 3 Triebes that build Poland before year 1000. Germans came later and they was minority in Silesia.
@@0plp0 Nope you are completely wrong. They were a Slavic tribe, not a Polish tribe. So stop with your propaganda.
@@felixjohnsens3201 You are wrong. "The Silesians (Polish: Ślężanie) were a tribe of West Slavs, specifically of the Lechitic/Polish group, inhabiting territories of Lower Silesia, near Ślęża mountain and Ślęza river, on both banks of the Oder, up to the area of modern city of Wrocław. They were the first permanent inhabitants of the site of Wrocław where they build a fort on Ostrów Tumski in the 9th century or earlier, which at the time was an island on the Oder."
This is amazing. Thank you!
BTW If you like this period (1918-1921)also check out The Iron Dice podcasts series.
the graphic at @14:30 made me think of the safety diamond info placks on cargo trucks :P
After those events an autonomous Silesian Voivodeship was created with it's own constitution and parliament.
that's interesting....this region, even though it has a long history, reminds me of something like the americas...."new" peoples sussing out (modern economics, industrial professional tools of violence, and government) their claims of what is power while sorting out new ideas of the ethno-state, and how borders are delineated aka "new lands"
we still belive that we gonna get autonomy again...
@@mlodszyahmed Why lol.
@@SillyUwUBilly Because thats why our grandparents died in the uprising in the first place. They joined the Polish forces, because the promised that Silesia will have autonomy. We were then in 1945 betrayed, same in 1990.
@@mlodszyahmed You got an autonomy in country you'r grandparents fought for . And you know that this country was massacred , destroyed and reincarnated as a Communist Poland . You know well that we didn't had anything to say in PRL and couldn't change anything as communist authorities would never accept this. And after 1989 nodbody know that u want autonomy , they weren't mass demonstrations of Silesians demanding it. And so what , what Silesians want to do then ?
Battle of Annaberg? you meant Battle of Góra Świętej Anny?
it was originally recorded and spread in German
Wait a minute. CZcams won't let you and others make historical videos?!! I'm definitely going to look at Nebula for the Battle of Berlin!
Yes, CZcams is very anti history.
This is amazing history
As Silesian thank you for video! Pyrsk!
1:50 for a moment, i thought he was Mark Twain
greetings from Upper Silesia :*
The beginning and the end of any war is always the most dangerous time.
Thank you for this work! Well done and very balanced coverage. Objective rather than neutral which is the best way to be.
The English word 'fair', in its native context, doesn't truly exist in any other language....
Ok, could you explain it though? 'Cause the normal, dictionary sources just say it basically means "just" or "beautiful".
@@CatWithAHat2HD It's a much more nuanced concept than 'just'.
@@agrantharrison472 Then please explain.
Dziękujemy!
I feel so ignorant when I watch this video and I realize how much I didn't know and how much I still ignore... THANKS!
Birmingham, Alabama gained significant population immigrants from this area. Birmingham has many coal mines as well.
That explains a lot of the present in Alabama.
Lots of Polish heritage in Birmingham?
@@run2fire, not really. Of course it depends on the definition of polish as the borders shifted quite a bit. Probably easier to define by region.
My neighbors claimed Czechoslovakia as place of origin but this was prior to the split into Czech Republic/Slovakia.
My understanding is most were Silesian that came to Birmingham to work the coal mines as that's what they did in the old country.
There was also a group of Eastern orthodox that settled in Brookside northwest of Birmingham to work those mines. Not sure which region they came from they were just called russians.
I also remember a south Alabama neighbor who always claimed to come from a country that no longer existed. I would later learn he was croat who came with a group who immigrated to work in the local barrel mill as that's what they did in the old country. (I grew up in Birmingham but we still own the family homepage in South Alabama.)
Kind of impressive the skilled trades that immigrated.
The Greeks and Italians probably had a bigger influence on Birmingham. The Greeks went into the restaurant business as all the fine dining establishments were greek owned including many of the best BBQ joints. The Italians became green grocers starting with just carts and eventually dominating the local grocery chains.
In Polish "Bitwa o Górę św. Anny."
In silesian "Chaja uo Anaberg"
„Schlacht von Annaberg" in German
Impossible to pronounce😑
Also Polen hat um Polen gekämpft, also mit sich selber gekämpft, oder was?
In shitolish*. There, fixed that for you.
I am from Upper Silesia and I always felt polish, german and silesian.
youre german though....and now forced pole. And silesian...youre not anymore since OOHH so long...
Don't forget your Austrian roots also ! lol 😆 Empress of Austria Maria Theresa lost Silesia to Frederick the Great in the mid 1700s.
@@faelger9473 How someone can be forever to be Who he is
6:08 🎵 you break downnnn 🎵
How come you did not take into consideration Polish-Soviet war that had one of the most important turns exactly at that moment. Lloyd George also had a peculiar position on Poland in that topic.
That wasn't germanys problem
@@Wickedonezz Well it was, they had big problems with "Spartacus" so Yes THIS WAS their problem
Was hat die wahnsinnige Abschlachtungen der unschuldigen Menschen in Oberschlesien mit dem slavischen Krieg zwischen Polen und Russland alle insgesamt Slaven?
Greatings from silesia ❤️
Greetings to the fatherland!
@@dittmannrudolfrohr2149 But that's Poland
@@SillyUwUBilly „Regnum Sclavorum, Gothorum sive Polonorum“
@@dittmannrudolfrohr2149 What ? Speak in tea language.
@@dittmannrudolfrohr2149 ave
My granduncle was member of Freikorps Oberland in the rank of a Lieutenant. He has fallen leading an attack on an armoured train.
He is buried in Munich and his grave still exists!
@@maxsnuffy2159 What was he looking for in Silesia? It's not his land...
@@CrazyLeiFeng of course it was his land, he was German!
@@maxsnuffy2159 No, it was a conquered land of Slavic people. Nothing to do with Germans.
@@kms_scharnhorst It was the result of military conquest by Germans not because it had been German. Slavs lived even further to the West than Silesia.
Now nearly forgotten "episode" of history. But in those days that was first page news in Europe.
If you consider that Germany wasn't at Versailles to defend herself like in a normal trial, that once presented with the final document it wasn't allowed to complain let alone to negotiate and that the food blockade that killed around 700,000 Germans from starvation would only be lifted once the Germans had accepted responsibility for starting the war and had signed the documents... if you see all this as valid arguments then Germany had no reason to consider Versailles as a genuine treaty and would havehad no reason to feel compelled to respedt it and its clauses.
@@piotrbratek3996 Are you really calling me a Hitler? Wow, you have some nerve haven
Coal was evenly important as oil at that time. Industry, railways, ships,..were run on coal and steam.
Thus it is clear what the western allies wanted to do, they wanted to loot the coal from Silesia. Ethic consideration did not matter.
This is also the reason why London and Paris later financed the harbor of Gdynia and the Magistrala Weglowa.
Important was also to get cheap work. Wages for the Poles were certainly a lot lesser than in the west. This was in fact in opposition to the coal workers in Britain. Later the British oligarchs reduced the wages by 30% what caused a general strike 1926.
This strike was not successful.
It should be noted that Churchill wanted the use of the armed forces to end this strike.
The question is what Churchill wanted to do - did he want to introduce forced labor ?!
More or less the Poles betrayed the coal workers in Britain !
nice
You guys are great.
In addition to Nebula, you could mirror your youtube footprint to odysee, for free and no extra work.
Fair play heh
Looks at 123 years of partitions
@Fabian Kirchgessner germanization
@Fabian Kirchgessner Nah, just all that suppression of Polish culture, in particular in the part occupied by Prussia and Russia, resulted in a lot of damage.
Important people for Germany like Bismarck completely hated Poles, also continuing the old Tartar tradition.
@Fabian Kirchgessner He did though. He had an immense hate towards Catholics and Poles in particular.
I'd have thought you knew your own history.
@Fabian Kirchgessner I've seen explicit and very prejudiced Bismarck's statements about Poles and Catholics.
silesia was not a part of the polsih commonwelath.
I always love the joke at the end =]
Hey great video, very detailed and informative, like everything you guys do. Also can you write out the names of individuals/organization that are key in the video itself. I was unable to find any further information about Bayufka Polska? (13:00) and Janfascka? (14:07)).
Bojowska Polska and Jan Faska.
@@jessealexander2695 Thank you
your enot reliable enough-but nice job. Freikorps was a formation of ww1 vets and the Poles was lack of ammo (weapons of many types and ammo of many types and scarce ), war experience ,artillery and supplies . first battle of Annaberg was a polish defeat , second battle-31 05 1921- after oficial truce in Silesia -was Freikorpss defeat ( it could be explain by gaining fight experience by the insurgents)
Gòra świętej Anny you told that very well
Dzięki bardzo.
@@jessealexander2695 Też tak myślałem!
1:45 yes! I'm glad you mentioned that many Upper Silesians considered themselves Silesians before German and Polish. And this remains so until today💛💙
Hardly a new information, to be honest.
@@Vitalis94 well it is for people who are not from that region
This was an important factor - we even went into a bit more detail in our previous episode on the first two uprisings.
If by many you mean a minority of modern-day Silesians consider themselves Silesian first then we agree. We have to remember that a larger part of today's Silesian population is composed of Poles that were deported from modern-day Ukraine and Belarus.
Not really. People from Silesia are getting 13 and 14 monthly wadges, deputat węglowy and so on. They live like pączki in butter. .
Curious about the thumbnail pic. Did they run out of steel helmets?
My greatgrandfather died there, thanks for promoting the lesser known history.