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Wolves, their packs, natural habitat and living behaviour

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  • čas přidán 19. 10. 2022
  • The wolf is a social animal. Its populations consist of packs and lone wolves, most lone wolves being temporarily alone while they disperse from packs to form their own or join another one.
    The wolf's basic social unit is the nuclear family consisting of a mated pair accompanied by their offspring. The average pack size in North America is eight wolves and in Europe 5.5 wolves. The average pack across Eurasia consists of a family of eight wolves (two adults, juveniles, and yearlings) or sometimes two or three such families, with examples of exceptionally large packs consisting of up to 42 wolves being known.
    Cortisol levels in wolves rise significantly when a pack member dies, indicating the presence of stress. During times of prey abundance caused by calving or migration, different wolf packs may join together temporarily.
    Offspring typically stay in the pack for 10-54 months before dispersing. Triggers for dispersal include the onset of sexual maturity and competition within the pack for food.
    The distance travelled by dispersing wolves varies widely; some stay in the vicinity of the parental group, while other individuals may travel great distances of upwards of 206 km (128 mi), 390 km (240 mi), and 670 km (420 mi) from their natal (birth) packs.

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