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The Big History of Civilizations | Origins of Agriculture | Wondrium
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- čas přidán 15. 08. 2024
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What makes the Big History approach so unique? Whereas a traditional survey might take you through the major events of a period and introduce you to key dates and people (the “kings and battles” approach), Big History zooms out to bring larger trends into focus, from the type of geography best suited for civilization to the way climate patterns drive human activity like the transition into agriculture.
00:00 Transition From Foraging to Farming
03:42 How Foraging and Farming Differ
08:18 Remains of Ohalo II and Domestication
12:37 Climate Change Facilitates Transition to Farming
19:01 Humans Adopt Less Nomadic Lifestyles
22:48 The Trap of Sedentism and Its Consequences
25:33 Ways of Increasing Productivity for Land
27:41 Evidence of Transition to Farming
One major trend you’ll uncover is that, regardless of time or place, civilizations require certain “Goldilocks factors” to succeed. At all scales-the cosmic, the planetary, the ecological, and the human-you can view moments where a combination of just-right ingredients creates the necessary conditions to cross the next threshold of complexity. A few such unique conditions that Professor Benjamin examines are:
-Climate changes during the Paleolithic Era
-The relationship between the agricultural revolution and human population growth
-The relationship between power and the rise of early city-states
-The spread of ideas along Silk Roads and other trade routes
-The Industrial Revolution and the development of consumer capitalism
-Peak oil, climate change, over-population, and other near-future scenarios
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Brilliant lecture, concise and informative.
I really agree 💯 with this public lecture and I request this lecture need to held too all over the world, cos in modern day society undermining agriculture sectore which is ignoring the foundation of human civilzation history. ✊🇹🇱✊ I Will always support this channel in my entire online learning. My support from East Timor🇹🇱🇹🇱🇹🇱
Explained with a lot of enthousiasm. Thank you!
Nice explanation. But the "healthy hunter gatherer" vs. the "stressed farmer" paradigm ignores one big fact. HG's could at any time starve to death. They knew this. No fridge. Find food daily or die. Grains could be stored, domestic animals are in the pen. This is a big deal.
This presentation was amazing! Thank you!
Easily the most important revolutions in human history.
Thank you so much for this great lecture
Great lecture. However why does the lecturer use different formats of eras BP BCE?
It’s funny to see him spin awkwardly every minute to a different camera angle.
the full spinning , lol
Literally came to the comments to say this. All these 90° camera switches are making me dizzy. Good lecture though.
Probably this would help editing (?) The lecture is very interesting.
my nose bleed actually.😅
As Lindybeige said:
"This agriculture experiment isn't really working for humans, it's been going on for only 12000 years..."
Great video, thanks.
What a great video! Very interesting, thank you for the video.
A good talk, which I appreciated especially for its appreciation of the intermediate steps from "classic" hunting & foraging to full domestication, and its attention to the southern continent (I wasn't aware of fire-stick farming, so there's another example of paracultivation intermediate between "pure" foraging and agriculture).
I'm not convinced though that sedentarisation and farming appreciably lowered life expectancy overall: the supposed paleolithic lifespans often thrown around in fact relate to modern non-farming populations after centuries of interaction with sedentary neighbours, while reconstruction of likely fertility & mortality in pre-modern food-producing societies suggests little difference. Beware lurid tales of life expectancy plunging as the neolithic spread.
The explanation of Aboriginal Australian non-embrace of farming is a persuasive one. I wonder though if the drought conditions of the Ice Age (necessitating the abandonment of much of the interior) also left a cultural imprint, warning against reliance on more intensive exploitation of the land for which the environmental conditions might not persist.
Awesome !
Horticulture / agriculture emerged as a survival subsistence strategy. Humans DID NOT "progress" to horticulture / agriculture via better tools technology, rather, better tools / technology was the result of necessity. A Catch-22 appeared with horticulture / agriculture - the more food produced the greater the human population grew until villages emerged then towns and finally cities. Simultaneously, as human populations increased needing ever more resources biodiversity and easily obtainable raw materials declined. With agricultural-based civilization, specialization, slavery, organized warfare, poverty and perpetual strife became the way of those trapped in its illusions. The greatest catastrophe in human evolution was horticulture / agriculture that led to civilization.
The video is good on information supply but i failed to understand the need of the presenter to keep rotating every 2 minutes in the video.....it was distracting and gave a bad taste to the video.....editors please aviod this!
Thanks for the feedback, Prakash!
So youd question and ponder the meaning of life.
@@TheGreatCourses I actually don't mind it when the speaker changes position when the topic changes.
I thought it was quite well timed
Thanks a lot. Great explanation.
Thank you
Foraging sucks because they savaging around and little foo is often find but another option is hunting but it takes time to hunt a good pray
That's not why it sucked, if you watch the video. There was plenty of food and very healthy variety, as well as ensuring good physical fitness. It sucked because they had to kill their elders and infants (including 50% of all female newborns) because they were less able to forage and migrate.
Yes. Some romantic people think humans are best as 'noble savages' but that lifestyle makes it difficult to have babies.
Ohalo was settled by Kebarans or proto-Kebarans. Natufians didn't exist 25,000 years ago.
I think the later spread of agriculture largely because of competitive advantage in conjunction with other technologies, basically being better at squatting over new lands.
Love from india
great clear lecture, although (i'm very new to this topic) am hearing/reading that climate change and over population is a very simplistic dated and over used theory......
Didnt understand why the dog was so essential to be the first step of the domestication project. It might be so and evidence to be so but still...why?
Awesome :)
indian farmers stand with all farmers - repeal all laws in india
2:35 Bangladesh? Strange choice for an example.
What was the global timing of the agricultural revolution ?
It's 11,500 years ago depending on the area!
Foraging requires 2km sq for each person - agriculture allows 2000 people per sq km? Not including the land for food growth!?! - incredibly misleading! Not a lecture for me!
You're right, it doesn't make sense. If there are 2,000 people in a square kilometer, then each person has 500 square meters to live on.
Dr Stone anime🔥
I know we suck as humans but this stuff is pretty cool
The wheat genome is 5x more complex than the human genome and scientists cannot explain how this hybrid seed suddenly burst onto the agri scene 10-12K years ago... #copperturnsbloodblue
This guy has more spin than Fox News
"I am not a vegetarian simply beacause vegetable crops monopolize the land ,limiting the life forms and ecosystem. A huge amount of land is dedicated to these crops. While animals can be raised on land with a diverse ecosystem...."_Neil Degrass Tyson
Qhubo
Hey I am from India
Nothing. First rice grown
If people learned where they came from, maybe they wouldn't make epochally stupid mistakes every twelve minutes of their lives. Like they do!
is this lecture from a religious institution?
too much topic to cover, too wide and random
A correction, the sea of Galilee is in Palestine. And in Arabic , بحيرة طبريا