Częstochowa MAIN SANCTUARY OF POLAND. What you can see here

A day trip to the most important city for Poles. Poland's main shrine.
The legend says that the name Częstochowa means a settlement founded by a man of that name and that the first mention of the name was in 1220.
The town of Czestochowa was created as a result of merging of two localities
Częstochowa Nowa and Stara Częstochowa.
The town is located in the Silesian Province, but historically, culturally and ethnically it belongs to the Małopolska Province. Between 1975-1998 it was the capital of the Czestochowa Province.
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Częstochowa is the spiritual capital of Poland.
The Monastery on Jasna Góra, which houses the miraculous icon of the Mother of God, is located there.
The image of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Black Madonna. It is so called because of the dark hue of its appearance. The icon has been kept in the Yasnogorsk monastery since 1382.
The monastery itself was founded in 1382 by Pálín monks. They were invited from Hungary by Prince Wladyslaw of Poland. The prince probably brought the image of Our Lady of Czestochowa.
According to a legend, the Prince transported the image of the Virgin Mary with the Child from Belz to Opole in 1382, but on the way he stopped in Częstochowa. The horses did not want to go any further. Recognizing this as a sign from God, the prince left the icon in the local monastery.
At the beginning of the 17th century, the monastery was surrounded by strong walls, which made it a real fortress. Soon these walls came in handy. When the Swedes marched victoriously through Poland, they had to delay on Jasna Góra: even a twenty-fold military advantage did not help them take the stronghold. Czestochowa changed the course of the war and encouraged the Poles to fight. And undoubtedly, it ended in the defeat of the enemy.
It is clear that such success was attributed not only to the strength of the monastery walls but also to the patronage of the Virgin Mary. The grateful King Jan Kazimierz solemnly placed his country under the patronage of Our Lady and Jasna Góra became not only a religious shrine but also a symbol of people's freedom.
Pilgrimages to Jasna Góra have been taking place since the 15th century. Traditionally, the inhabitants of the villages that the pilgrims pass through provide food and shelter to the needy.
There are especially many pilgrims on the feast days of the Blessed Virgin Mary (August 15). In recent years, the number of pilgrims flocking to Czestochowa on this day has exceeded 200 thousand.
However, Jasna Góra is not the only attraction.
From the monastery hill one can see the main street in Częstochowa - the Alley of the Blessed Virgin Mary, which runs through the entire city.
The Podiasnogórskie parks. They are recognised as a monument to Polish history.
The parks have museum exhibition pavilions. Construction began in 1844.
Daszynski Square is situated in front of St Zygmunt's Church (the oldest church in Czestochowa). In the distance the Holy Family Cathedral can be seen.
Nearby the Philharmonic Hall in Czestochowa there is a unique moving memorial to Louis Amstrong. The unveiling ceremony took place during the International Traditional Hot Jazz Spring Festival in 2015.
In October 1872 the Byzantine-style church of Cyril and Methodius was consecrated on the square, now St Jakub's Church.
Another mural. The Tower of Babel. The mural by Tomasz Szentowski (a local artist) is a huge painting on the front wall of an eight-storey building.
Begański Square is the main square in Czestochowa, situated in the centre of the city. It was named after Władysław Begański, a Czestochowa resident, doctor and philanthropist. The original name of the square was "St. Jakub's Market".
In 1828-1836 a town hall with a guardroom was built on the square, after a project by Franciszek Reinstein. In 1908 it was rebuilt in the late Classicist style. The building is now the Czestochowa Museum.
The first part of our interesting winter journey is now over. I hope you learned something interesting for yourselves from the video. See you at the first castle along the Eagle's Nest Trail in Olsztyn.
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