H.265 (HEVC) vs H.264 (AVC) Compression: Explained!
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- čas přidán 14. 07. 2016
- What is H.265 (HEVC)? Why is it better quality than H.264 (AVC), especially for 4K? Do your devices support H.265? This video will explain all of the questions you might have about the newest video compression standard.
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Hey, I'm HandyAndy and thanks for watching my video. If you enjoyed it, then please SUBSCRIBE to my channel!
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My notes on this topic:
- Video compression has undergone many changes over the past two decades. But it seems like every new standard promises the same thing - identical image quality at half the bitrate of the previous one. Indeed, a HD H.265 video running at 5Mbit/s will have virtually identical quality to a H.264 at 10Mbit/s.
- How is this achieved? Through improvements in both interframe and intraframe compression.
- Interframe compression involves a comparison between previous and future frames and the current one, and it only encodes what's changed in the picture. Intraframe compression involves comparing areas within the same frame.
- The main method used in interframe encoding is to divide the picture into small areas, which - in H.264 - were called "macroblocks", sized 16 x 16 pixels. So we start on a frame, called an I-frame or intraframe, that's stored as a full image - much like a JPEG. We then divide it into macroblocks, advance to the next frame, and compare its macroblocks with that of the I-frame. If several are virtually the same, we give the new frame the status of a "P-frame", or a predicted frame; this means that only the differences between it and the I-frame must be stored.
- In H.265, macroblocks have been renamed to "coding tree units", and with a new name comes a new improvement. The size of each is now variable, and can range from 16 x 16 pixels - the original size - to up to 64 x 64 pixels. Furthermore, in H.265, a single coding tree unit (or macroblock) can be divided into coding units, which can be sized from 64 x 64 - which, coincidentally, is the same as the maximum size of a coding tree unit - down to 8 x 8.
- Why is this such a big improvement? Well, remember that - when H.264 was standardized in 2003 - 1080p video was the height of technology. But now, more efficient encoding is needed for higher resolutions, such as 4K.
- The second big improvement - mainly to do with intraframe compression - is the increase in prediction directions. Coding units, in H.265, can be further partitioned into smaller groups, called prediction units. These allow us to predict pixel values within the exact same image.
- I could make use of several angular modes, which are directional. The angular modes allow me to extrapolate certain trends - so using a simple example, I could have a line coming down, and use an angular intra prediction mode to continue its progress throughout my prediction block.
- H.264 only allows me to use 9 such modes. This could result in errors in my estimation, especially if I have a large block. But H.265 has... wait for it... 33 different modes!
- One major problem with the new standard (at the moment) is that adoption has been limited. Even though it was first standardized back in 2013, there's still a lot of things that you can't do, including uploading videos encoded with it to CZcams. But the format was given a big boost recently, as it's been adopted as a default codec on 4K Blu-Ray. - Věda a technologie
![How are Images Compressed? [46MB ↘↘ 4.07MB] JPEG In Depth](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/Kv1Hiv3ox8I/mqdefault.jpg)
You are a huge nerd, but that's why you're amazing.
@theransomdance, correction, he is a huge nerd and he is Australian, that's why he is amazing!
theransomdance The nerds are the new heroes!
Uber nerd
he's a huge nerd, but why do we have to watch his incongruent nerd face? gives the creeps
superficial moron
Hans down the most professional yet balanced down to earth explanation, my hats off to you for that!
I think you mean HANDS down, as in "hey, HandyAndy, your audio sounds pretty good but you really should mount that microphone on a stand so you can put your hands down!"
Agree, it's very short, very to the point, and really highlights the differences. And to end up with this, definitely needed to know what's happening, this is a very complex field.
@@livemeyer I think he actually meant that Hans was shot and thus was "down". I hope they got him a medic in time. :s
Thanks for a very clear and concise explanation of a complex idea. Perfectly paced and delivered.
I think you have the most deep and informative of tech info on youtube. Keep that up. Way better than those supercilious tech channels.
Wow, thanks so much for that, really appreciate the feedback!
I'm glad I discovered some of your videos today. I'm appreciative and impressed by the depth you cover, but also all the helpful graphics and references. These videos would actually be perfect for secondary education class rooms.
Honestly one of the most in depth. From the research to the explanation, I appreciate the hard work thank you.
The clarity of your explanation is great! Subscribed.
Your video is short enough for people like me who just want to get an idea but still the information is quite profound. Great job!
Top tier quality content, haven't seen such an detailed yet easy to understand explaination on youtube for decades. Instantly subscribed.
Great video and great explanation. You have had the best explanation that I have seen anywhere and I have searched a great deal on the subject. Just the explanation on H.264 that I have personally spent hours researching was better than anything I have seen. I'm glad I ran across you early on with my research on H.265, now I won't spend endless hours trying to find a good explanation.
I have Subscribed and also gave you a thumbs up on the video.
Good Job!
This is a very good explanation. You thoroughly went through all of the points and used great speech delivery. The presentation was well organized. Thank you so much for this premium video. I will be sure to check out more of your others!
!! WOW !! - This is definitely the best explanation and informative video I have ever seen on this topic. Keep that up!!
Andy, that was a very well explained video! I found it to be very informative with the right amount of detail, and video was the perfect length. You ticked all the boxes Andy - very well done! Keep up the great work.
Wow, thanks so much for the really nice feedback! It means a lot :-)
Thank you so much for making these great videos. This one in particular helped me greatly on understanding the concepts of video compression.
And that’s how you train people. Excellent video mate, you made a difference in my understanding.
thank you for actually explaining this and not just shoving a chart in our faces with some comparisons. appreciate this.
Very informative. This is becoming even more necessary with 8k immersive video. Thanks Andy.
Perfect explanation, and not stretched longer than it needs to be. Instantly subbed, hope to see more great videos from you.
You are an extraordinarily clear teacher. Inspiring. Thank you for these videos.
Actually well explained. Great job! :D Thank you!
very detailed and one of the best sources in this topic. INSANE!
That was, wait for it, the best explication I've seen so far. Top video man
An actual explanation! What a concept! Although my brain did kind of fuzz out for about 30 seconds or so. Thanks.
Wow man, you have an extraordinary skill to explain complex things in a way that non-experts like me can understand it. Top! Keep up the great work. This video is not only explanatory but also useful!
It's been 4 years since your video and now a LOT of videos uploaded to CZcams is actually encoded in H.265. CZcams itself uses an even heavier encoding codec, VP9, and soon will move on to AV1. All my videos, whether HDR or not, are H.265, a pain to process/edit but since videos are taking over the world, efficiency is the key.
This video has helped me understand a lot deeper than I used to the differences between those 2 compression codec. Thank you and hope you push out more videos like this.
Thank you so much for explaining. I really didn't understand any of it until I watched your video. Excellent stuff.
A very clear explanation, as the animations really helps to understand everything easily.
Never thought I could ever understand this but I think I got it. Thanks!
Very informative, i loved it! Subscribed.
never have i ever subbed that fast after watching just one video
great work m8
Best explainer I've come across so far. Thank you :)
Andy, I must say you are a gem! Watching another H.265 video I stumbled to yours, halfway thru I subbed! I will enjoy and recommend your videos!
Very good, short and clear explanation of the difference between H.264 and H.265
I keep returning to your videos! Great content
The exact explanation I was looking for.
Best explanation EVER about the subject. Thanks.
Dude, that was such an highly informative video! Subbed.
Thanks for the lovely explanation, Andy!
I am 60 years old, and I understand everything this man is talking about, Andy.. Thanks please make more vids.
Wow. Thanks for your time and effort on this video. I was wondering about h.265 HEVC and I came across your video. I'm good to go! Interesting and informative. Keep it up!
Bộ này bao nhiêu tien
jesus christ dude well done!!! So informative, seems like you really spent a lot of time researching and using h265. Good work dude, hope you continue making excellent work
Loving the content , Keep up the good work!
Great explanation, I didn't understand half of it but did get the fact that it made me realize that h264 came out so long ago to support 1080 video and h265 came to support 4k, that is all I needed to understand how much better h265 is and that I can't wait for h266. have a great day and Merry Christmas!
That was very helpful. Thank you Andy! You are awesome
Great stuff. Crystal clear explanation!
Very well explained, thanks so much and very best to you!
Cheers, Pete
Wonderfully spoken. Thank you for the clarification.
You are one talented guy!....being able to look up and down at the same time take some special skill.
HandyAndy thanx a loooooot for this helpful information... keep the good work :)
choose to self holding mic and ignoring boom arm at his back... Such A Legendary Sannin
Thanks Andy! Great explanation! Finally I get the difference :)
Best explanation I've ever seen... Awesome !!
great video, thanks Andy, very informative
Thanks *Andy* for clearing that up!
thank you for explaining,
i hope your chanel gets big
Nicely explained Andy. Thank you.
A very informative and succinct video. Thank you!
its still a very difficult thing to digest but you nailed it. good job!
Great video, Andy!
This is really helpful !! Thank you! Best explanation on CZcams.
Great video. Very well explained. Thank you!
Great Explanations! Crystal Clear! Thank you
Really nicely explained!
Straight to point, thank you for making this.
Thanks a lot. Very simple but very informative.
You are a genius!! Thanks for the best explanation ever. Now I finally get it
Thank you for this video, it explained a lot to me!
Wow, very well explained.. your articulation is amazing..
He defines what a Nerd is in the whole sense of the word... Keep Making Videos!!! You're Awesome
Way to go HandyAndy. I know this was a year ago. I always say whats the rush. LOL In other words I am late to the table, but new all this process. So from a beginner thanks for expaining this. Now I am wishing we had acces to H.265 to use on CZcams. I simply have to go find my place in a long line. Very good use of grahpics to give us all a very beginning framework to understand.
Thanks for this brilliant presentation!
Amazing. Thank you. I actually followed along.
very nice video, well done, i learned alot
Thanks for the information my guy :D
Very well explained, thank you!!
That was a great explanation!!
I never knew there was an alternative pronunciation of the letter h. Appreciate the video.
Very clear understading.
Great explanation!
Awesome explanation bro🔥
Very informative. Thanks for that. :)
Way cool! Thank you for the great explanation. 👍👍
Great explanation, Andy. Related question: do the video codecs utilize anti-aliasing or is that technique obsolete with the improvements in hardware? And if it's still utilized, what are the dimensions of the matrix for pixels, and how many matrices to comprise a full screen?
Amazing explanation, thanks!
I love the way you talk dude, never change
Great explanation. Thank you!
Great simplistic explanation Thanks
Very good, informative tutorial.
Thank you.
Outstanding explanation.
Great video man! Keep it up!
Thanks for the explanation; subscribed!
Great Tutorial! Thanks for share it!
thx for the vid. it was really useful for me
Good stuff. I know codecs fairly well - I use Cineform, Prores etc all the time but I’d never got around to understanding the differences between 264 and 265, even though I output to 265 all the time now. By the way, as of 2018 there is a LOT more support for HVEC than there was in 2016 when this video was made.
awesomely explanatory
Thank you, Alfred!
Absolutely brilliant. Thank you.
Thank you so much for explaining this.
Well explained. Thank you.
Thanks you for this very informative video, sir!