Fatty acid synthesis mnemonic: De Novo fatty acid synthesis trick

How to remember fatty acid synthesis easily
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The key points about de novo fatty acid synthesis:
1. Location: De novo fatty acid synthesis occurs mainly in the cytoplasm of cells, particularly in the liver and adipose tissue.
2. Precursor Molecule: The primary precursor molecule for de novo fatty acid synthesis is acetyl-CoA, which is derived from various sources such as glucose metabolism or the breakdown of fatty acids.
3. Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC): The first committed step in de novo fatty acid synthesis is the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), which requires ATP and biotin as cofactors.
4. Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) Complex: The fatty acid synthase (FAS) complex is a large multifunctional enzyme complex responsible for the elongation and modification of fatty acids. It consists of multiple enzymatic domains that catalyze various reactions in the fatty acid synthesis pathway.
5. Malonyl-CoA and Acetyl-CoA: Malonyl-CoA, produced by ACC, is the building block for fatty acid synthesis. Each round of fatty acid chain elongation involves the condensation of one malonyl-CoA molecule with one acetyl-CoA molecule within the FAS complex.
6. NADPH Requirement: The reduction of the growing fatty acid chain requires a reducing agent, which is provided by NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). NADPH is generated through the pentose phosphate pathway or the malic enzyme reaction.
7. Elongation and Modification: The FAS complex catalyzes a series of reactions involving condensation, reduction, dehydration, and reduction again to extend the fatty acid chain. These reactions result in the formation of saturated fatty acids.
8. Desaturation: Desaturation of fatty acids, which introduces double bonds into the carbon chain, occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum. Enzymes called desaturases introduce double bonds by removing hydrogen atoms from specific carbon positions.
9. Regulation: De novo fatty acid synthesis is regulated by various factors, including hormonal and nutritional signals. Insulin promotes the synthesis of fatty acids by activating ACC, while glucagon inhibits fatty acid synthesis.
10. Function: De novo fatty acid synthesis provides the cells with a source of saturated fatty acids, which are essential components of various cellular structures, including cell membranes and energy storage molecules such as triglycerides.
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[@doctorsjourney352]

Great work man

[@biochemistryconcepts]

Thank you so much for your valuable feedback 👍😊

[@gamingzone800]

Very important for me sir❤

[@biochemistryconcepts]

Thank you 😊

[@supecagent]

Is lipogenesis and biosynthesis the same?

[@biochemistryconcepts]

When excess of glucose (more than the energy need of the body) are consumed in the diet, the surplus is generally converted to fa tty acids and then stored in the form of triglycerides.
lipogenesis encompasses both fatty acid synthesis and the formation of triglycerides, but it is often more specifically associated with the creation of fatty acids.