What is Data Center Infrastructure? - Data Center Fundamentals
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- čas přidán 5. 06. 2024
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0:00 - What is data center infrastructure?
1:27 - Data center exteriors
2:45 - Power infrastructure
6:04 - Physical security measures
9:45 - Cooling
16:40 - Connectivity
21:34 - Redundancy
26:30 - Power Usage Effectiveness
Continuing our Data Center Fundamentals series, we dive into data center infrastructure.
Electrical Infrastructure
Electricity travels along what’s called the power chain, which is how electricity gets from the utility provider all the way to the server inside the data center. A traditional power chain starts at the substation and eventually makes its way through a building transformer, a switching station, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a power distribution unit (PDU) and a remote power panel (RPP) before finally arriving at the racks and servers. Data centers also utilize on-site generators to power the facility if there is an interruption in the power supply from the substation.
Think of a data center like a giant laptop. The main power cord comes out of the wall and is then transformed into usable power for the laptop. Finally, if any of the components of the cord fail, the laptop has a battery to provide temporary power.
Mechanical Infrastructure
The amount of power a data center can consume is often limited by the amount of power consumption per rack that can be kept cool, typically referred to as density. In general, the average data center can cool at densities between 5-10 kW per rack, but some can go much higher.
The most common way to cool a data center involves blowing cool air up through a raised floor, which is pictured above. In this setup, racks are placed on a raised floor with removable tiles, usually three feet above the concrete slab floor. Cool air is fed underneath the raised floor and is forced up through perforated tiles in the floor around the racks. The warmer air coming out of the servers rises up and is pulled away from the data hall, run through cool-water chillers to cool it, and fed back beneath the raised floor to cool the servers again.
In certain climates, data centers can also take advantage of “free cooling” where they use the outside air to cool the servers. Instead of taking the hot air and cooling it to be used again, they allow the heat to escape and pull in the cool air from outside. This process is, as expected, much cheaper and energy efficient than operating more man made cooling infrastructure.
Connectivity Infrastructure
A data center’s connectivity infrastructure is also important. Without it, a data center would just be a building full of computers that can’t communicate with anyone outside the building.
As data centers are the primary foundation for activities happening online, the buildings themselves need to be highly connected. Access to a variety of fiber providers connects a data center to a wide network able to provide low latency connections and reach more customers.
Fiber traditionally runs into a data center through secured “vaults” and into the building’s meet-me-room or directly to a user’s servers. A meet-me-room is a location where fiber lines from different carriers can connect and exchange traffic.
Redundancy
Redundancy is communicated by the “need” or “N” plus the number of extra systems. The example above would be considered N+1. The data center needs 10 chillers and has one extra, thus it would be labeled as N+1. If the data center above had 10 extra generators in addition to the 10 they needed to operate, their redundancy would be double their need, or 2N.
In an N+1 scenario, a data center could lose one chiller and still operate because of the one extra chiller, but they would not have an extra available if a second chiller went down. In a 2N scenario, all of the operational chillers could break and the data center would enough to replace them all. Today, most data center providers find N+1 is sufficient to avoid downtime, though some industries require their data centers to be more redundant.
Redundancy applies to most aspects of a data center, including power supplies, generators, cooling infrastructure, and UPS systems. Some data centers have multiple power lines entering the building, or are fed from multiple substations to ensure uptime in the event a line is damaged somewhere. The same approach can be taken with fiber lines.
Data centers support the internet ecosystem that more and more of the world relies on today. As such, they require robust infrastructure to ensure there’s no interruption in the services they provide.
#datacenter #datacenterinfrastructure - Věda a technologie
Click the link below to sign up for our FREE data center fundamentals course. It's an 8 email course that is designed to get you up to speed quickly on the data center industry.
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This video inspires me to make my own CZcams channel about data center physical infrastructures to help people who want to have career shifting into data center industry. Thanks bro..
Thank you for this! I worked my way up from a general laborer to a field coordinator in the construction industry and my first project is building a cloud data center in VA. The center was halfway built upon my arrival, but boy was my head spinning the first day I stepped on the project. I started to have doubts if I am cut out for this, but this video has helped ease a bit of anxiety. Absorbing everything I can one day at a time.
Really happy you found this helpful! Good luck on your data center journey, it should be a fun one over the next few years!
Hands down the best talk I have seen seen yet regarding data-centers. You guys nailed it, pricing, economics, cooling, power, connectivity.
I've worked in data centre's for years, but I feel I've learned some new things in this video.
Fantastic series! Simple, brief and sufficient to get the overview & fundamentals. Thank you guys.
Great video guys. As someone involved in the design, quantification and costing of Data Centre's throughout Europe, it's nice to see another perspective on the fundamentals of DC's. Maybe one day i'll come and work on DC's in the US!
Hey J H , how do I get to connect with you ?
Great presentation. So easy to understand the fundamentals of the Datacenter infrastructure
I was a data center electrician. The only downside to it was the pay wasn't on par with the specialization. They look at it as if every electrician with a JC card can do it and the pay should therefore be equal when that simply is not the case and the risk and severity of not only the person but equipment and it's clients are multiplied 10 fold.
I am amazed to see how nicely this video is edited. I mean the information here on DC and physical connectivity discussion is great. But the timestamp and chapters highlighted here it is awesome.
Rhett does a great job!
Thank you guys, amazing video, to the point in a simple language
nice video guys, really helped me understand a little more about data center infrastructure. thanks!
That's great, we're glad our content could help you out! Please like and subscribe, that really helps us out!
Very good ! , Thanks guys , it was very helpful .
Wow! Such an amazing stuff.
Wow very interesting ! 😊👌 great conversation.
Very informative video. I am a civil engineer and I was looking for a video which will provide me infrastructure involved in data center facility.
Awesome! Happy you found our content helpful. Consider subscribing so you can be updated when we release new content!
Thanks for the video!
We're happy you found it helpful! Consider checking out our other videos for more knowledge on the data center industry and you can also sign up for our free data center fundamentals course here:
lp.datacenterhawk.com/data-center-fundamentals-course?
Great podcast buddy :)
Thanks for the encouragement! Consider subscribing so you don't miss any of our new episodes!
Its really very helfull, and who is this guy speaking?
This is great
Really good video.
Glad you enjoyed it! Please consider subscribing to our channel for additional data center info and videos!
This great info! Thank you!
Glad it was helpful!
Very nice video guys.. I'm your follower👍
Awesome! Thank you!
Hello, Im just wondering if you guys could discuss about floating data center and its pros and cons. Thanks a lot!
Great informative video by the way!
Hi! Thanks for the suggestion, we'll be sure to add the topic of floating data centers to one of our upcoming podcasts so be sure to subscribe to get notified when we release it! Thanks again and please like, share, and subscribe so we can continue to produce helpful content!
@@datacenterHawk Thanks a lot! I am truly excited to hear this topic soon! :)
Hi @@lanadr2287! We just released a new video and we mention your question above about floating data centers! Be sure to check it out. Thanks again for reaching out and let us know if you have any more questions or topics you would like us to discuss.
Here is a link to the video:
czcams.com/video/8a9yJ9UUVEM/video.html
Really informative video 👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼
Glad it was helpful! Be sure to check out some of our other videos and subscribe to know when we upload new helpful videos!
@@datacenterHawk done already 👍
Secure space with reliable power and reliable connectivity 5:55
Hi I was interested in building a data centre in my town....but I don't know the advanced stuff about it ....What do.you guys suggest would be a good start to gain proper knowledge for this ?
Amarjit Singh Check out our free trail at Datacenterhawk.com and take a look at our Fundamentals blog series on our site. That can give you a starting point and then you could evaluate the demand in your town and there could be some telecom companies that would be willing to partner with you.
Just do it don’t overthink it build it and they will come
Follow sites like datacenterhawk, datacenterknowlede to get to know about infrastructure...
Understand concepts in certifications cdcp and higher, uptime certifications, LEED green, TIA942...
Get to know the ITSM principles.
Primary things to survey and take note of:
Planning stage
1. Enough real estate to contain all the required support infrastructure and maintain the physical security layers.
2. Is there enough quality power available from the utility supply to support the infrastructure.
3. Is there enough bandwidth available from ISP to support your infrastructure.
4. Local regulations regarding working of a data center. Noise and pollution output from generators, transformer humming, chiller sounds, power factor issues..
5. Instant availability of fuel for your generators in case of prolonged utility supply outage.
6. Availability of quality staffs at the infrastructure/IT/networking fields willing to work in your town.
7. Site selection. Flood prone, earthquake prone, other natural calamities, riots. All these can affect your functioning.
8. Do not try to go cheap on your CAPEX. As far as data center goes.. Good CAPEX well spent can reduce your OPEX and downtimes to a high extend... Get consultants and contractors with specific data center experience to construct it.
9. Market study on the potential customers.
10. Level of redundancy. Less than Tier 3 is not recommended. A mix of TIER3 and TIER 4 with dual path for power will help you a lot.
11. Plan and allocate for future expansion/changes. Consider the power, cooling and bandwidth. Plan properly if your customers are going to be using blade servers.
12. Plan how you want energy metering to be done. Depending on customer. Roomwise, POD wise, PDU wise, Outlet wise..
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Design, Construction stage
If you have a knowledgeable consultant they should take care of everything.
But still a few things to note
1. Make sure all the critical standards from IEC, NFPA, ASHRAE, TIA, LEED are followed in construction, fire protection, structured cabling, eco rating.
2. Implement BIM along with CFD modelling to analyze and coordinate designs. Try to extend BIM into post construction activities to facility management.
3. Ensure an electronic document management system is strictly used while construction happens to keep track of proper document revisions.
4. Ensure all the monitoring systems like BMS, EPMS, SCADA, DCIM are designed and validated by people with experience in the operations field. Believe me this is critical to operation, reporting and energy monitoring.
5. Proper discrimination studies have to be conducted to contain any electrical faults with the immediate upstream device.
6. Provide buffer tanks and chilled water pumps on UPS to maintain cooling till soft shutdown incase of critical power failure.
7. Do not take the handover of the project until each and every drawing including internal drawing for the smallest panel, warranty, O&M manuals, preventive maintenance procedure, etc. have been handed over.
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Operations
1. Designate the facility team before contractor leaves the project. They should clear any snags or doubts remaining.
2. Ensure processes that enable collaboration between IT and infrastructure team.
3. Utilize the power of DCIM to create work orders for any device upgrades to enable asset/change management. Use it for capacity planning. Do not approve any IT changes without consulting with infrastructure team.
4. Ensure all SLAs with vendors comply with your uptime requirements. Go for comprehensive AMC if you have the budget.
5. Document each and every tiny procedure that take place on the infrastructure.
nice talk..
Many people say that building a data center is just like building houses to house computers. I totally disagree.
In my opinion, Building a data center is to create the IT oriented environment. And it should be bio-friendly, at least from now on.
Did you agree?
I work security for a data center
That's great! Any details we missed when we went over the security of data centers?
OH my Days I bet you had a bloody good coranary heart ache on the spot LMAO
who is speaking?
Boring