Why Did Bavaria Agree to Join the German Empire?
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- čas přidán 23. 06. 2024
- Why did Bavaria agree to be a part of Germany?
The Kingdom of Bavaria was an independent country for nearly 70 years until King Ludwig II swore allegiance to the German Kaiser. In the German Empire, Catholic Bavaria was overshadowed by the protestant Kingdom of Prussia---of which the Kaiser was also king---but unlike many of Germany's other states Bavaria was never conquered by the Prussians. Instead, Bavaria's isolation between three major powers---plus the political skill of Prussia's Otto von Bismarck---forced Munich's hand.
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Sources Consulted:
Bader, Matthias. "The struggle for Bavarian sovereignty". Bavarikon.
www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-CMS-0000000000006791?
Headlam, James Wycliffe. Bismarck and the Foundation of the German Empire. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1899. E-book by Project Gutenberg. Edited by Evelyn Abbott, M.A. Balliol College, Oxford University, 2004.
Krüger, Fritz-Konrad. Government and Politics of the German Empire. Yonkers-on-Hudson, N.Y: World Book Co., 1915. Digitised by the University of British Columbia, 2010.
Miller, Stuart T. Mastering Modern European History. London: Macmillan Education LTD, 1990.
I love how this channel asks questions I didn’t even knew I had
That's the plan!
just like history matters
@@LookBackHistory
The only question I had about the subject is why did Austria completely give up on South Germany like that and didn't even support them.
@user-sh3cf7kd6e the main reason is it would likely spark another war between them and prussia one in with prussia had even better chances of victory so doing it on their own was a bad idea and when their last opertunity for them to do it emerged by joining the franco prussian war the Hungarians threated to make life difficult for the empire so they couldn't do anything
Another important detail that lead to Bavaria joining Germany was the fact that because of their king’s vanity projects, including the famous castle Neuschwanstein, Bavaria was deeply in debt and on the verge of bankruptcy. Thus, by joining Germany their debts towards Prussia were forgiven and the rest were paid off by the German government.
Also Bavaria has existed since 555AD, older than prussiaandaustria
Austria, or more literally osterreich means eastern land, east of what? Bavaria, Austria was literally broken off from Bavaria
And our people have inhabited the land that is now bavaria since about 700 bc
Never heard of Prussiaandaustria, i will research about it, sounds interesting
@@henryszytko9142 Prussia and Austria.
@@user-id3br6xx5e I know about these, but not Prussiaandaustria, but they do sound quite similar
When I'm in a Squidward voice competition and my opponent is the narrator of Look Back History: 😰😰😰😰😰😰
BRO WHY DID YOU POINT THAT OUT 😭😭😭😭
Whats his fancy cousins name or whatever
@@ChanceKearns Squilliam Fancyson, at your service!
tldr: 1) Incompetent Bavarian leadership and especially the king.
2) France's imperialism increased German nationalism and Prussia manupulated it to it's advantage, especially in the Franco-Prussian war.
Great video!
In the Bavarian's defense, they have never stopped regretting this blunder.
It would have been nice had Bavaria separated from the German Reich after WW2. I believe Churchill wanted to create the Daubian Federation once they defeated Hitler and give some semblance of the former Austro-Hungarian empire to be restored, but Russia didn't like the idea.
@@SolidAvenger1290 Nonsense! Bavaria was part of Germany and Bavarians are ethnic Germans (like Austrians), Bavarians didn't want independence. Also, Russia was just part of the USSR.
Great video, people often oversimplify this process
It is very tiring to study Europe history. Forever wars and border changes makes it a struggle to comprehend .
Political history
Don't forget the centuries of religious strife
Thank you!
It seems that every textbook or video regarding the German unification always explain thing from the Prussian perspective. It was good to see how the Bavarians saw this.
You're very welcome!
Maybe north and south german confederations could have been able to truely unify deutschland. Because a deutschland without all the german speaking states, isn't a unified deutschland.
I don’t think Austrias were interested in letting Hungary and other Balkan/Eastern European nations go. For in order to have a German confederation you’ll need to only have a German speaking population. Prussians feared that these non speaking German people would mix with the local Germans and kinda disrupt the whole idea of a german confederation. Let’s not also forget the ethnic and cultural conflicts that would emerge from such alliance
@@Miha_t I was thinking more along the lines of; bavaria, parts of switserland, and austria for a southern federation. But i find your explanation helpfull regardless.
Calm down
The German Empire wasn't a truly unified Germany either. There was no magic force stopping them from calling their country Germany and making a new flag they could have done this at any time they liked. Germany today is much smaller for example. The reason the Catholic states mattered is without them "Germany" would just mean Protestant Germany.
My gut tells me, the new Germany wouldn't be as successful. Part of the reason Bismarck pushed for a Germany without Austria is he didn't want to have the Habsburgs have influence in Germany, fearing a power struggle between Prussia and Austria. This would've been made worse if Austria was strengthened in a south German federation with Bavaria and the other southern states. There would've been a power struggle between north and south. I'm basing this off of the fact that Austria-Hungary suffered from a similar power struggle between Austria and Hungary.
Has some one has a Hessen-Bavarian German back ground and home city being conquered by Prussia I believe in 1866 under the north German confederation.
This video explains a lot and with some one whom has a heavy German back ground along with other Native American and other European roots I thank you for this video for I always wondered why did Bravia agree to join the Deutsches Kaiser Reich?
I always thought that their ruling dynasty was bitter being denied the rule of Austria after Maria Theresa ascended the throne.
I think Austria would have stood a better chance of maintaining and even strengthening their empire if they had been tied to Bavaria.
Di Ravello's second favourite nation.
More important question: How can we get them to leave again?
I don't think German unity can be considered Prussian imperialism considering Prussia's prominence began to decline after unification in favor of a more homogenized German culture with regional sub-cultures.
Even if the German Empire would have survived, the overall German culture wouldn't be much different than it is today other than national pride not being a taboo.
I disagree in the sense that Prussia still held extreme important, the capital was in there traditional territory, the ruling dynasty was Prussian and Catholicism lost prominence in the southern states leading to a more secularized political culture.
You forgot the personal inducements to Ludwig of the ample Reptile Fund derived from the Prussian despoiling of the Kingdom of Hanover.
Thanks for the video. I would like to object against the statement at the beginning that the Kingdom of Bavaria was never conquered. It is technically correct. However, the electorate of Bavaria with the Wittelsbacher as rulers were fighting against the Habsburger (Austria) and lost a lot of territory. Later Bavaria supported France (Confederation of the Rhine), had to give up territory to France, but were compensated by France with territory from Austria and thus the Kingdom of Bavaria was created. in 1806. Then in 1813 Bavaria lost nearly all its army when France was fighting and losing in Russia. So in 1813 Bavaria left the Confederation of the Rhine and agreed to join the Sixth Coalition against Napoleon in exchange for a guarantee of her continued sovereign and independent status.
My intended meaning there was that Bavaria was never conquered... by Prussia. I.e. it wasn't forced, per se, into the NGC and then German Empire (like Saxony) or incorporated outright into Prussia (like Hannover), but yes you're right to point out that other armies have definitely taken Bavarian territory.
@LookBackHistory Thanks for the clarification. As a German (who feels neither Prussian nor Bavarian) I am perhaps too easily swayed to comment on content that could be interpreted as Bavarian bragging. So my comment is just a symptom of bickering between the different regions which is quite common in Germany.
@@LookBackHistory Thanks for the clarification. As a German (who feels neither Prussian nor Bavarian) I am perhaps too easily swayed to comment on content that could be interpreted as Bavarian bragging. So my comment is just a symptom of mocking between the different regions which is quite common in Germany.
1:45
I see a lot of the time people say the North German Confederation under Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck started the Franco-Prussian war of 1870-1871, or at a minimum indirectly caused the war by manufacturing the prerequisite conditions for it to occur in the first place, or even, that Otto von Bismarck at an absolute minimum desired a war with France to coerce the southern German states, which were namely, Königreich Bayern, Königreich Württemberg, Großherzogtum Baden and Großherzogtum Hessen und Bei Rhein. This was not the case. Though it is public knowledge that this was the case but ONLY after it became a possibility that war with France COULD occur.
To simplify what happened, prior to the Brüderkrieg, there was an agreement between Prussia and France that Prussia would remain neutral should they attempt to expand their own sphere of influence into the Benelux, but keep in mind that this agreement was made before Prussia was accepted as leader of Germany, and before the formation of the North German Confederation. Some time after the formation of the Nord Deutscher Bund, the French attempted to purchase Luxembourg from the Netherlands, (The Dutch were in a personal Union with Luxembourg at the time). Since the Prussians were in a far, far better negotiating position, they demanded the French back down, citing their obligations to protect their fellow Germans. This was the start of hostile relations between France and Prussia. After some time, the Spanish had a revolution in 1868, and they decided on a new monarch. Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was initially offered the crown of Spain, with fears of French expansion into Spain ever-present, following the devastation of Spain following the napoleonic wars the Spain were keen on avoiding a French invasion, or incursion into their sovereignty or independence. With Prussia and France being rivals this would mean Spain would be in Prussia’s sphere, that’s not to say Spain becomes a protectorate of Prussia, but they won’t enter an alliance with an enemy of Prussia. Securing an ally on the peninsula for the foreseeable future. In the end, France demanded Leopold rescind his application to the Spanish throne, Leopold accepted, so did the Kaiser. It was a reasonable request after all, and many feared Prussia after the brothers war as the balance of power in Germany was well in Prussia’s favour, and that also with the balance of power in Europe as a whole. If Prussia pressed their Spanish claim without compromise, intervention was a certainty. Then, came the ems dispatch. It was a telegram the French sent to the Prussians citing further demands concerning Spain. They refused, France declared war on the north German confederation. That’s how it went down.
Given godlike powers I would give the beyrish part of Bavaria to Austria, then rename what remains with Germany as Upper Franconia.
Union with Prussia and the other German states is better than ally or union with Austria. Austria was more concerned about other nations than German issues. I know plenty of Bavarians who are happy to be a part of the remaining unified german state.
Ludwig is pretty much just Chris Chan if he had money
the Austrian loss in the German war made Bavaria's end inevitabl
German dialects cant border on being seperate languages, they are seperate west germanic languages.
cause iron and blood
i think bavaia would have/be better off in a union with austria
money
A human voice would be better
Your Bavarian borders are off
They re fine
last
9th
eighth B)
First
Damn!
Don't care
Congratulations! you gain nothing!
@@StalkerX426 but my respect was gained 🤷
Prussia is simply too awesome to defy. The mustaches, the marches, the military might and revolutionary thinkers.
Before our illiterate and primitive ancestors agreed to join, Bavaria was a backwater. A very beautiful backwater but still a backwater.
Within a greater German state Bavaria is still very beautiful but now we are ab economic powerhouse.
So, never defy Bismarck, especially not on superstitious grounds like "religion". Before we were nothing, afterwards we truly became German.
Ultra-nationalism, suppressive imperialistic dictatorship and support for proto-N*zi movements... Yeah, very awesome... Moses Hess predicted EXACTLY what good came out of your "Germany".
not last anymore
Hittler never tried to conquer the world.
When did the Turkish colonise Germany?
Never? Unless you think immigration is colonisation which is kinda crazy as for some reason europeans hate turkey more than countries that were colonised by those european countries themselves.
The ottomans did get to austria if you count that as german
@ehannasir8464 Anatolia was Greek for 3000 years, until battle of manzikert.
Constantinople was the capital of Greek Christianity until May 29, 1453.
Thousands of years of heritage, history. Their buildings still exist. You don't find Greeks. These areas are Turkish.
The ottomans might have never taken the gold apple of Vienna, and the Turkish will take Berlin.
@@online3010 i understand the first bit yes, but "The ottomans might have never taken the gold apple of Vienna, and the Turkish will take Berlin." you said *and* they will take berlin but that doesn't make grammatical sense so do you mean 'but they will take berlin' or 'and they won't take berlin'.
anyways it doesn't matter too much, but i feel it is weird to compare what happened to greek anatolians and what is happening to germans, they are not even close to same, greeks were put into slavery and pushed out of anatolia (but they were not in all of anatolia, minorities in east but most in west as assyrian descendants were in east)
also from what i know most greeks left or were killed near ww1 so not exactly the ottomans who did this but the young turks
@@online3010 just because there are people with Turkish ethnicity living in Germany they still have German nationality and are German citizens with Turkish roots
@GwainSagaFanChannel The Rum Turkish Sultanas were a minority Turkisk Muslim population under Greek Constantinople.
Nationality is a very new invention of identity.
Same as Bavaria is older because it is Catholic, although Prussia is newer because it was Protestant.
Königsberg is not German it is Russian or Polish.
Turkish are smart, intelligent, wonderful people. The Greeks should have been careful of people with gifts.
Muslims don't assimilate if they are kept in Ghettos. Correct housing and education, everyone agrees we love each other....
Except if they French 😇🤣🤣🤣