How Each European Capital Got Its Name

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  • čas přidán 27. 03. 2024
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    ▶ TIMESTAMPS:
    00:00 Intro
    00:59 Lisboa
    1:45 Berlin
    2:22 Rome
    3:14 Amsterdam
    3:26 Andorra La Vella
    3:53 Blinkist
    5:01 Ankara
    5:21 Athens
    5:51 Belgrade
    6:03 Bern
    6:28 Bratislava
    6:45 Brussels
    6:58 Bucharest
    7:34 Budapest
    8:11 Chisinau
    8:40 Copenhagen
    8:54 Dublin
    9:12 Helsinki
    9:49 Kiev
    10:05 Ljubljana
    11:01 London (+ Edinburg, Cardiff, and Belfast)
    11:48 Luxembourg City
    12:15 Madrid
    12:44 Minsk
    13:17 Monaco
    13:38 Moscow
    13:59 Nicosia
    14:52 Oslo
    15:22 Paris
    16:00 Podgorica
    16:32 Prague
    16:54 Reykjavik
    17:14 Riga
    17:53 San Marino
    18:04 Sarajevo
    18:34 Skopje
    19:18 Sofia
    19:47 Stockholm
    20:12 Tallinn
    20:55 Tirana
    21:13 Vaduz
    21:41 Valletta
    22:03 Vatican City
    22:15 Vienna
    22:52 Vilnius
    23:06 Warsaw
    23:53 Pristina
    24:11 Zagreb
    24:36 Summary
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Komentáře • 1,5K

  • @General.Knowledge
    @General.Knowledge  Před 2 lety +379

    Did I make any mistakes?

    • @vrenak
      @vrenak Před 2 lety +182

      Yes, the pronounciation of "Bär" is not too far from the english "bear", but very far from "bar" as you said it.

    • @lolacullingham6020
      @lolacullingham6020 Před 2 lety +70

      Not any I’ve noticed. People are saying you used a map of the Soviet Union for when you were explaining Moscow. 13:39 But I can’t tell.

    • @joonatanmelioranski87
      @joonatanmelioranski87 Před 2 lety +345

      Riga is the capital of Latvia

    • @DarthVader161195
      @DarthVader161195 Před 2 lety +100

      Its Kyiv, not Kiev

    • @lolacullingham6020
      @lolacullingham6020 Před 2 lety +87

      @@DarthVader161195 There both correct.

  • @lolacullingham6020
    @lolacullingham6020 Před 2 lety +1402

    Next you should do oldest city/town in each European Country...

    • @larrywave
      @larrywave Před 2 lety +21

      Its would be interesting video 👍
      But i bet he is going to say wrong year for my countrys oldest 😂

    • @-wayter-8913
      @-wayter-8913 Před 2 lety +10

      Ohrid is for sure for North Macedonia 🇲🇰

    • @apokyrfter413
      @apokyrfter413 Před 2 lety +2

      That would be interesting.

    • @archstanton6102
      @archstanton6102 Před 2 lety +3

      Now that is a good idea

    • @spugnoxngubcux9801
      @spugnoxngubcux9801 Před 2 lety +12

      @@-wayter-8913 From what I could find, the oldest continually inhabited city in North Macedonia is Bitola, which was founded in the 4th century BCE as Heraclea Lyncestis.

  • @dzilna5040
    @dzilna5040 Před 2 lety +553

    Oh boy can't wait to see my country!
    "Riga is the capitol of Estonia"
    Me a Latvian: Sad potato noises

    • @irishgirlintexas
      @irishgirlintexas Před 2 lety +22

      I wasn't aware potatoes could make sounds, sad or otherwise. Local inside joke?

    • @dzilna5040
      @dzilna5040 Před 2 lety +61

      @@irishgirlintexas Local inside joke. The joke is that we love and have a lot of potatoes. (which is true)

    • @saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014
      @saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014 Před 2 lety +5

      Are you a mutant that can make the sound of potato? Also I thought the Irish were the ones with the Potato

    • @dzilna5040
      @dzilna5040 Před 2 lety +30

      @@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014 The potato thing is just a joke about us Latvians loving potatoes.
      And yes the whole potato thing is Irish, but basically the entire region of Eastern Europe love and eat potatoes probably more than the Irish.

    • @saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014
      @saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014 Před 2 lety +3

      @@dzilna5040 If i remember the vodka, which is very very old was made out of potato, before the Spanish brought back from Peru

  • @gregcampwriter
    @gregcampwriter Před 2 lety +484

    If this were a test, you could get a passing score by guessing "local name for a river or swamp" as the origin.

    • @gunnarkvinlaug7226
      @gunnarkvinlaug7226 Před 2 lety +35

      Water has always been importent for living and transport in some ways, so that is only naturaly!

    • @OnlyGrafting
      @OnlyGrafting Před 2 lety +4

      Funnily enough if you look at Inverness and Aberdeen, Inver and Aber have practically the same meaning - place where river meets sea- and Ness and Deen just happen to be the names of....
      Nearby rivers. A lot of places in Scotland have similar phenomenon in Gaidhlig too. Thurso, the English name of a small Scottish village/town, is called Inbhir Thurso is Gaidhligh. Inbhir being the word for Inver in Gaidhligh and meaning the same, and funnily enough Thurso has a river named Thurso nearby running into the sea by the town.

    • @parkjimin-standkb-62
      @parkjimin-standkb-62 Před 2 lety

      Right😂

    • @QemeH
      @QemeH Před rokem

      And if you knew weather it was a river/swamp name or just "the city around that castle" you'd even get quite a good score :D

    • @ariversideview5775
      @ariversideview5775 Před rokem

      Rivers are quite often named after thtowns. Pleace name etymologists call them Back Formations.

  • @SpardauDebesi
    @SpardauDebesi Před 2 lety +304

    "moving to the baltic Riga is the capital of Estonia"
    Latvia: I'm I a JOKE to you

  • @kona6812
    @kona6812 Před 2 lety +392

    Vienna is called WIEN in German (nativ language) . This belongs to the old word Wenia originated from celto-romanesque word Vedunia, which means forestcreek. And this forestcreek is called WIEN. Starting in the west of the city and flows out into the Danube river near the city center.

    • @FebyanKudrat
      @FebyanKudrat Před 2 lety +6

      In Indonesian we call it Wina from German name Wien.

    • @Kameliius
      @Kameliius Před 2 lety +1

      Stimmt!

    • @Kameliius
      @Kameliius Před 2 lety +1

      @Safwaan It's Latin. That's also what he said

    • @diengowen
      @diengowen Před 2 lety +6

      @Safwaan Are you talking about Vienna cuz I’m pretty sure it’s Austrian not Italian

    • @vrba243
      @vrba243 Před 2 lety +5

      in croatia we call it Beč (Bech) lol

  • @planar322
    @planar322 Před 2 lety +57

    Fun fact: in northern Croatia (north from Zagreb) we like to call Zagreb - Zabreg, which could be translated "after hill". Its because we have to travel around or up the mountain Medvednica to get to Zagreb :)

    • @crnimarko9198
      @crnimarko9198 Před rokem

      Хахахахаххахаха 😅

    • @Slaweniskadela
      @Slaweniskadela Před 10 měsíci

      Not after, but behind hill :) Nije poslije brda nego za bregom.

    • @ferretyluv
      @ferretyluv Před 7 měsíci

      Medvednica? Bearland?

  • @ixion567
    @ixion567 Před 2 lety +136

    FYI. Bern is only the de facto swiss capital. We do not have a de jure capital

    • @thecandlemaker1329
      @thecandlemaker1329 Před 2 lety +9

      On the contrary, Bern is the formal capital where the government institutions are located. The actual most important city would be Zürich or Geneva for the Romands.

    • @deadlive3212
      @deadlive3212 Před 2 lety +6

      @@thecandlemaker1329 that would still make it the de facto capital, not the de jure capital

  • @emmawalton2300
    @emmawalton2300 Před 2 lety +54

    Thank you for including Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast and not just focussing on London.

  • @kingdedede584
    @kingdedede584 Před 2 lety +46

    Every friday fresh content, respect my brother

  • @pavelsanda3149
    @pavelsanda3149 Před 2 lety +224

    I think you got Bratislava completely wrong.
    After formation of Czechoslovakia the idea was the Slovak capital should have a Slavic sounding name, not a Hungarian or a German name. Brat means brother, slava means glory or celebration. The name of the city was basically designed to celebrate the brotherhood of Czechs and Slovaks.
    Břetislav has nothing to do with it, it is a completely different word with a different root. It means the one who is famous for his battle roar."

    • @MiroslavMydlo
      @MiroslavMydlo Před 2 lety +27

      hmm he isn't wrong actually - it's true that after formation of Czechoslovakia they were searching for some slavic name for the city. And they found "Braťislava", used by followers of Ľudovít Štúr (creator of Slovak language) in 1800s. The name was partly coming from very old (~900) names Brezalauspurch, Uratislaburgium, Brecisburg and Braslav. And also Pavol Jozef Šafárik (a poet) called the city "Břetislav". They (Štúr followers) were very slavic oriented and were trying to push the idea of slavic-hood among the people so they took the name Břetislav and created "Braťislava" - i.e. "brother-glory" because it sounded slavic, mystical and people at the time would understand the name.
      Where the "by mistake" comes from is - Šafárik called the city Břetislav based on the name Brecisburg. He thought that this is just german version of Bracislaw/Brecislaw and that the city was maybe founded by czech ruler Břetislav I. But he was wrong

    • @MurkoTheCat
      @MurkoTheCat Před 2 lety +13

      i think he got the ethymologies confused, what he said was the origin of the name pressburg iirc, which was named after svatopluk's son "preslav" (hence the czech bretislav). as in "preslav's castle" > preslavburg > presburg

    • @19Szabolcs91
      @19Szabolcs91 Před 2 lety +10

      This. Bratislava was a Hungarian town called Pozsony which was even the capital for a while after the Ottoman invasion. When they took it after WW1 they renamed it "Slavic brotherhood" specifically to add insult to injury to the Hungarians and Germans still living there.

    • @lukasvasko99
      @lukasvasko99 Před 2 lety +11

      @@19Szabolcs91 Not really. In slavic languages there is difference between medieval Hungarian kingdom (Uhorsko) and modern Hungary - and for reason. Old kingdom was multicultural state with only a third of population wih hungarian origin. Pressburg / Poszony / Prešporok was similar with population roughly divided by hungarians, germans and slovaks, what was totaly ordinary before 1900. In times when Czechoslovakia was formed many germans and hungarians left and town became slovak by most of population. They renamed it after first known slavic chieftain braslau /preslau - and first known name of place presalauspurch. Which is in fact still the same. Bratislava, Prešporok, Pressburg, Poszony came from same origin, but in other form. Thinking that its just to make hungarians suffer for some reason is childish.

    • @danvaly2256
      @danvaly2256 Před rokem

      @@19Szabolcs91 Do Hungarians as yourself really sit there in their houses believing other countries care so much about them when really nobody really gives 2 s**ts about them?
      This is hilarious 😂 .
      We all know you were just puppets of the Germans, the true masters of that empire so calm down. Nobody takes you serious. You are the clowns of Europe.

  • @MaciejowPL
    @MaciejowPL Před 2 lety +60

    Wars and Sawa legend is the most widely spread version due to Mermaid as our city symbol

    • @jonatanborowicz
      @jonatanborowicz Před 2 lety +5

      Ikr, Makes me sad he didnt mention that.

    • @dominikpukos7450
      @dominikpukos7450 Před 2 lety +3

      Even though it's a pile of crap as an origin story. Name Warsaw is dated back to the Vršovci noble family from Czech that seeked sanctuary in Poland after they were hunted down in their own country.

  • @EmotionalSupportCapybara
    @EmotionalSupportCapybara Před 2 lety +85

    In Greek, we still use Leukosia to refer to the capital of Cyprus. Nicosia is just the coloniser friendly version.

    • @arolemaprarath3248
      @arolemaprarath3248 Před 2 lety +6

      Greece is so old!

    • @aaronboucher60
      @aaronboucher60 Před 2 lety +4

      Wouldn’t this be the coloniser friendly one since Greece wants Cyprus back.

    • @arolemaprarath3248
      @arolemaprarath3248 Před 2 lety +31

      @@aaronboucher60 Cyprus is Greek. Read history.

    • @aaronboucher60
      @aaronboucher60 Před 2 lety +3

      @@arolemaprarath3248 I mean I did say ‘back’, but being ethnic Greek doesn’t mean they should be part of the country and it also ignores the Turkish north but I already had this debate on TikTok and aren’t doing it again. Nicosia is the capital and Greek change to that is simply incorrect, that’s not an opinion.

    • @varolussalsanclar1163
      @varolussalsanclar1163 Před 2 lety +29

      @@aaronboucher60 we call it Lefkoşa in Turkish too. Nicosia is just a made up name. Go away with your British empricist nonsense.

  • @NotASummoner
    @NotASummoner Před 2 lety +73

    Helsinki is still Helsingfors in Swedish.

    • @TheBarser
      @TheBarser Před 2 lety +6

      Same in Denmark, though it might have changed recently. It is a long time since I heard anyone call it helsingfors

    • @thefallenangel5190
      @thefallenangel5190 Před 2 lety +4

      Indeed. And I fun it little funny that Sweden, Denmark & Finland each have a city with the part "Helsing" in the start of its name. Helsingborg (Swe), Helsingör (Den), Helsingfors (Fin).

    • @TheBarser
      @TheBarser Před 2 lety +1

      @@thefallenangel5190 Helsingør and Helsingborg is just in front of each other and used to both be danish. The names is very old and comes from halsen = neck because it was the most narrow place (and very strategically important). Helsingør = neck beach. Helsingborg = neck castle.
      It is probably unrelated to Helsingfors.

    • @jordinagel1184
      @jordinagel1184 Před 2 lety +1

      @@thefallenangel5190 Helsingør, Helsinborg, Helsinki, and don’t forget Hellsing Ultimate

    • @Koopa3000
      @Koopa3000 Před 2 lety

      @@-_pi_- Helsinki is originally the finnish name of the city, not just english.

  • @kyriljordanov2086
    @kyriljordanov2086 Před 2 lety +36

    Bratislava can also mean something like "glory of brotherhood" coming from the Pan-Slavism idea of Slavs i.e. Czechs and Slovaks being brothers, which having lived in both countries I believe is actually true. Buda might come from the Slavic "voda" which means water. There are hot springs there and it's on the Danube.

    • @bojanstare8667
      @bojanstare8667 Před 2 lety +2

      In Pannonia have lived before Hungarian Slavs. Mostly Slovenci and Slovenci, nowadays Slovacs nad Slovenians. Buda was before forth Vode - Boden, because was under the Danube river. Pest or Pešta is new part of city on the plain place.

    • @bigozimak
      @bigozimak Před rokem

      I agree on both points and Pesht has to come from Peshtera, Cave.

  • @bjornreal4952
    @bjornreal4952 Před 2 lety +19

    Hi General Knowlegde! i love your videoes and i watch them more then one times! I love everyting about geography and i think your the best youtuber ever!

  • @19Szabolcs91
    @19Szabolcs91 Před 2 lety +13

    Fun fact: Budapest, after the unification of the 3 towns was briefly called Pest-buda, but I guess they figured it's a pain to pronounce so they changed it to Budapest.

  • @Spacey_key
    @Spacey_key Před 2 lety +23

    Fun Fact about germany name in Polish: In Polish we call Germany "Niemcy" which may comes from word "Niemy" and we use "Niemy" to call someone who can't speak LOL

    • @MurkoTheCat
      @MurkoTheCat Před 2 lety +9

      same with other western slavic languages (nemci in sk/cz) the story says, that when the OG slavs met the germans they couldnt understand a word being said, so they thought the germans were deaf/mute

    • @andreikoto4810
      @andreikoto4810 Před 2 lety +3

      @@MurkoTheCat It's exactly the same in Russian, "not us/can't speak" two words sounding the same, and we call german people "nemci".

    • @hildegunstvonmythenmetz625
      @hildegunstvonmythenmetz625 Před 2 lety

      Unfortunately we don't have a cool name for Poland in German, it's just "Polen" so basically the same.
      Aren't the names if Sweden and Switzerland really similar in Polish?

    • @Spacey_key
      @Spacey_key Před 2 lety

      @@hildegunstvonmythenmetz625 yeah they are

    • @bojanstare8667
      @bojanstare8667 Před 2 lety +5

      @@MurkoTheCat Not just western but also south Slavs. Nemci or Njemci.

  • @romeufrancisco7041
    @romeufrancisco7041 Před 2 lety +11

    Man, you certainly ventured right into a storm. You are fearless! I mean, everyone who lives in one of those countries will have something to say concerning the correct pronounciation of their capital city name, not to mention its origins. Europe is just so complex, but it had to be done, right? Good job!

    • @AndreiBerezin
      @AndreiBerezin Před 2 lety +2

      And every other time he pronounces them wrong. English speakers are absolutely uncapable of saying Slavic names. They ALWAYS put the stress wrong. Including VLADimir instead of VladEEmir.

    • @module79l28
      @module79l28 Před rokem +2

      @@AndreiBerezin - That would be true if he was a native English speaker but he's not, he's portuguese. ; )

  • @streips
    @streips Před 2 lety +3

    Oh, General Knowledge! How I love watching your shows, and thank you for every single one of them. Just one note, if I may. I live in Latvia, and so I was looking forward to your discussion of my capital city's name. And when you came to it, and Latvia was highlighted on your map, you said that Riga was the capital of Estonia. You did Estonia separately later vis-a-vis Tallinn. That was a bit of a stab in my heart. But your stuff is great, and so I forgive you. :)

  • @TheGeographyBible
    @TheGeographyBible Před 2 lety +2

    Love these videos! I genuinely learn more from videos like this than school!

  • @davidtompa7564
    @davidtompa7564 Před 2 lety +25

    Great video in general, I would just like to mention a mistake all english speakers make, in Hungarian "cs" is like "ch" in English, if we were to say it like you we would write Vienna like Beksz or Bex, not Bécs. Not a big mistake but funny for me to hear xd

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  Před 2 lety +5

      Thanks!

    • @beak3669
      @beak3669 Před 2 lety +2

      Szeged or Seged ( Polish speakers )

    • @AndreiBerezin
      @AndreiBerezin Před 2 lety +1

      They do it because they dont care. They dont take time to know the right way, just say whatever comes to mind and expect us to recognize the word.

    • @tomasborovics7206
      @tomasborovics7206 Před 2 lety +1

      @@beak3669 Szeged

  • @mariajoaoferrazdeabreu150

    Always learning with this channel! Congrats!

  • @nirfz
    @nirfz Před 2 lety +6

    About Ljubliana: it wasn't just in the middle ages known as Laibach with german speakers. Until 1918 Slovenia was part of Austria(-Hungary later on) and german speakers lived there. (a big part of Slovenia was part of the duchy/crownland of Styria, Steiermark in german, which is a federal state of austria today. And the part in Slovenia is still called stajerska i think) Even today people in casual talking in southern austria refer to it as Laibach (because it's easier to say for native german speakers than Ljubliana. Same with Maribor -> Marburg.)
    The "bach" in Laibach refers to a small stream or creek. As for "Lai" it's far streched but: one southern part of austria extensively uses "Lei" in their language (which sounds the same as Lai in german) and it means just or only. So the german Laibach could mean: "just a little stream".

  • @apmoy70
    @apmoy70 Před 2 lety +10

    RE Nicosia 14:00
    The Greek name Λευκωσία comes from the abundance of Sandstone in the area, a rock which was called in Byzantine Greek λευκή οὐσία (white material) > Λευκοὐσία (with crasis) > Λευκωσία.
    The exonym Nicosia comes from the Orthodox monastery of st. Nicholas, a prominent landmark in 11th-12th c. Cyprus, and when the Lusignan conquered the island and established a crusader kingdom, they moved the capital from Salamis (called Constantia by then, after the Byzantine emperor Constantius II who rebuilt it in AD mid-4th c.) to Nicosia.
    Nicosia comes from Νικόλαος + οἶκος = House of Nicholas.

  • @Sofus.
    @Sofus. Před 2 lety +29

    Applause 👏 for including all the flags 😎

  • @richielelas
    @richielelas Před 2 lety +6

    Not sure if this is the case for any other cities, but the Irish name for Dublin is completely different. Baile Átha Cliath means "the town of the hurdle ford." "Baile" and "Átha" are pretty common in other towns too for the same reason.
    Also, your pronunciation of Béal Feirste was pretty good! You don't pronounce the a in Béal and you do pronounce the second e in Feirste, otherwise spot on. 👍🏻
    By the way, since you mentioned swamps being so common, not the capital but Ireland's second biggest city Cork comes from the Irish Corcaigh, meaning marsh.

  • @LathaMate1
    @LathaMate1 Před 2 lety +34

    As a Scotsman I appreciate you not overlooking Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, earned a like

    • @ruicorreia6373
      @ruicorreia6373 Před 2 lety +3

      he's not from England, so he knows those are countries as well ;)

    • @voxveritas333
      @voxveritas333 Před 2 lety

      @@ruicorreia6373 they're all "English" or "British" to us.

  • @sanjayshukla1441
    @sanjayshukla1441 Před 2 lety +40

    00:00 Introduction
    00:59 Lisboa 🇵🇹
    1:45 Berlin 🇩🇪
    2:22 Rome 🇮🇹
    3:14 Amsterdam 🇳🇱
    3:26 Andorra La Vella 🇦🇩
    5:01 Ankara 🇹🇷
    5:21 Athens 🇬🇷
    5:51 Belgrade 🇷🇸
    6:03 Bern 🇨🇭
    6:28 Bratislava 🇸🇰
    6:45 Brussels 🇧🇪
    6:58 Bucharest 🇷🇴
    7:34 Budapest 🇭🇺
    8:11: Chisinau 🇲🇩
    8:40: Copenhagen 🇩🇰
    8:54: Dublin 🇮🇪
    9:12: Helsinki 🇫🇮
    9:49 Kiev 🇺🇦
    10:05 Ljubljana 🇸🇮
    11:01 London (+ Edinburg, Cardiff, and Belfast) 🇬🇧
    11:48 Luxembourg City 🇱🇺
    12:15 Madrid 🇪🇸
    12:44 Minsk 🇧🇾
    13:17 Monaco 🇲🇨
    13:38 Moscow 🇷🇺
    13:59 Nicosia 🇨🇾
    14:52 Oslo 🇳🇴
    15:22 Paris 🇫🇷
    16:00 Podgorica 🇲🇪
    16:32 Prague 🇨🇿
    16:54 Reykjavik 🇮🇸
    17:14 Riga 🇱🇻
    17:53 San Marino 🇸🇲
    18:04 Sarajevo 🇧🇦
    18:34 Skopje 🇲🇰
    19:18 Sofia 🇧🇬
    19:47 Stockholm 🇸🇪
    20:12 Tallinn 🇪🇪
    20:55 Tirana 🇦🇱
    21:13 Vaduz 🇱🇮
    21:41 Valletta 🇲🇹
    22:03 Vatican City 🇻🇦
    22:15 Vienna 🇦🇹
    22:52 Vilnius 🇱🇹
    23:06 Warsaw 🇵🇱
    23:53 Pristina 🇽🇰
    24:11 Zagreb 🇭🇷
    24:36 Summary

  • @mihamhassan6206
    @mihamhassan6206 Před 2 lety +3

    You did a great job....now we want this kind of vedio for all other countries of Asia and Africa and Americas

  • @guiorgy
    @guiorgy Před 2 lety +7

    In case anybody is also curious about other countries, the capital of Georgia, "Tbilisi", comes from the word თბილი (Tbili), which translates to "warm". According to a legend, a Georgian king stumbled onto a hot spring with healing properties while hunting, and thus ordered the construction of a city and named it aftet the hot waters there

  • @fraso7331
    @fraso7331 Před 2 lety +1

    A gret video again. And no mistake, but you left out some very interesting explanation.

  • @TheRealOtakuako
    @TheRealOtakuako Před 2 lety +33

    Are you doing other state capitals? E.g. Asian, American, African and Oceanic countries?

  • @user-serzhant
    @user-serzhant Před 2 lety +14

    If you are not sure how to pronounce something correctly, it is best to write this word in Google Translate and listen to how it is pronounced. I understand that Slavic worlds are difficult for others to pronounce. The letter C is not K in some of our languages with the Latin alphabet. In pronunciation, it looks more like TC, but only together and harder is it worth listening to in the words themselves in order to understand. Therefore, Podgorica is read as "Podgoritca". In Polish letter combination sz reads like sh and cz reads like ch. So it is a Warshawa. And thank you for video.

    • @Unbrutal_Rawr
      @Unbrutal_Rawr Před 11 měsíci +3

      Ironically, when writing "tc" you also confused the Latin "c" with the Cyrillic "c". "tc" would be "тк" in Cyrillic; what you need to express "ц" is "ts".

    • @frtzkng
      @frtzkng Před 9 měsíci +1

      Thanks, Romance languages, for coming up with this extremely contrived way of using C and QU just to avoid using the letter K
      And then there are the Celtics, who use C for /k/ everywhere

    • @Unbrutal_Rawr
      @Unbrutal_Rawr Před 9 měsíci +1

      @@frtzkng You have a very teleocentric view of history and language. Nobody came up with this. It's the result of what used to be the Latin [kw] consonant (articulated together) simplifying to [k] in speech, while the QU spelling remained. This happened regardless of the following vowel in France and Romania, to a lesser extent in Spain, and to an even lesser extent in Italy. Even earlier, [k] followed by [i] or [e] changed to the cheese-sound.
      For a while after this process took hold, people were experimenting with using different methods to represent [k] followed by [i] or [e]. Sometimes they used K, sometimes QU, and sometimes CH. In Italy and Romania the latter spelling won out, and in Spain and France the middle one.
      Sardinian escaped the cheese-sound shift so it has a lot of [k] compared to all other Romance languages. But it still doesn't have a standard orthography and some people use K in words like _ki_ "who" and _kentu_ "hundred" while others use CH (and Medieval Sardinian mainly used QU).
      And the reason Latin used QU instead of CU to spell [kw] because it ultimately received the alphabet from Phoenician, and in Phoenician C and Q and K represented three different sounds, which were all pronounced the same in Latin, but with different vowels after them: [ke:], [ku:] and [ka:]. Since writing was traditional to the point of being mnemonic, they kept on using three different letters depending on which vowel was part of the letter name.
      Eventually they realised the KA thing was stupid but kept QU to represent the single consonant [kw] as opposed to CU [ku]. The Celts didn't have the [kw] consonant so eventually they dropped Q altogether.

  • @Alfadanz_
    @Alfadanz_ Před 2 lety +8

    I love how he wonders why a province was not included in the country list, and then he adds capital of a breakaway province anyway. Good job

    • @dragonlord1225
      @dragonlord1225 Před 2 lety

      He also did explain it for the Uk provinces, so it's just fair.

    • @bojanstare8667
      @bojanstare8667 Před 2 lety

      @@dragonlord1225 Province has had meaning of state in Roman empire. Empire was collection of states. Same as in Austro-Hungarian empire. Emperior has titled also as king of Chech, Lombardian, Hungarian, Slavonian etc.

  • @axolotlmex9546
    @axolotlmex9546 Před 2 lety

    You did well, good video :)

  • @Gntlmn96
    @Gntlmn96 Před 2 lety +5

    Nicosia is still Lefkoşa in Turkish.
    Tallinn was called Reval for some time, there were even some British-Russian meetings there in 1908.
    Helsinki is still Helsingfors in Swedish

  • @someguysomeone3543
    @someguysomeone3543 Před 2 lety +11

    Really interesting
    Btw the "sz" in polish makes a "sh" sound, and ä in German makes a English e sound or Æ/æ.

    • @littlerave86
      @littlerave86 Před 2 lety

      lolwut? The German ä sounds close to the "ai" in fair. The English e sound is the same as the German i, which is not at all anything like ä.

    • @someguysomeone3543
      @someguysomeone3543 Před 2 lety

      @@littlerave86 I meant it as it's close to the english word for Bear. Plus the e and a in english can make the same sound sometimes.

    • @littlerave86
      @littlerave86 Před 2 lety +1

      @@someguysomeone3543 Well, you didn't mention bear. With English you have to be very precise with your examples because it has no rules for pronunciation whatsoever. Just replace the b with an f and the pronunciation of "ea" becomes e instead of ä. Or, worse case, you don't even have to do anything, i.e. verb tear (tare) vs. noun tear (teer).

    • @voxveritas333
      @voxveritas333 Před 2 lety

      @@littlerave86 ain't English a bitch? LOL. must drive foreigners mad. It's hard even for us. that's why spelling bees are so interesting.

    • @littlerave86
      @littlerave86 Před 2 lety

      @@voxveritas333 Oh, well ... every language has it's bitchy sides.

  • @matesafranka6110
    @matesafranka6110 Před 2 lety +13

    TL;DW: Every city ever is named some variation of "fort by the river"

  • @user975bg
    @user975bg Před 2 lety +33

    You got Sofia right. It comes from a Byzantine basilica, dedicated to “Holy Sophia” or “The Holy Wisdom of God” - the same name as the famous Istanbul church. This church still stands today and is operational! The reason the city got this name is that the church (being a large building on a hill) was visible from a long distance, and served as a waypoint when travelers asked nearby villagers for directions. The villagers directed them to “Sofia” meaning the church, but the name stuck to the city as well (which at the time was reduced to little more than a village).

    • @ekosh6266
      @ekosh6266 Před 2 lety +5

      Wdym Istanbul.
      It's holy Sophia from Constantinople.

    • @billpolychronidis7805
      @billpolychronidis7805 Před 2 lety

      That famous Chinese wall

    • @TurkJD
      @TurkJD Před rokem

      @@ekosh6266 it’s İstanbul now buddy :) 🥵🇹🇷

  • @kirby8225
    @kirby8225 Před 2 lety +16

    2:02 'Bär' is pronounced pretty much the same as 'Bear' in english, not 'Bahr'

  • @dustgreylynx
    @dustgreylynx Před 2 lety +26

    Minsk/Menesk derived most probably not from the river Menka, but from the Slavic word meneti meaning to exchange/trade. So basically similar as Copenhagen

    • @muchamad613
      @muchamad613 Před 2 lety +1

      Yeah sure, this is a coincidence that there's a river Mienka and the city on that river is called Miensk.

    • @herbertherbertic6223
      @herbertherbertic6223 Před 2 lety

      @@muchamad613 How did the river get the name?

    • @muchamad613
      @muchamad613 Před 2 lety +1

      @@herbertherbertic6223 we're talking about lord knows how long before the writing systems developed in the region.
      It could be derived from Indo-European *min-, with meaning 'to pass (by)'. It could be from the root *men- (small, junior), as there is 'menkas' in Lithuanian with the same meaning, and 'minus' in Latin.

  • @bruhroof
    @bruhroof Před 2 lety

    great video!

  • @fredericchopin4821
    @fredericchopin4821 Před 2 lety

    I love your channel so much

  • @michaeld-21
    @michaeld-21 Před 2 lety +9

    3:39 so that's why it's called Andorra-the-old (Andorre-la-Vieille) in French !

  • @Fummy007
    @Fummy007 Před 2 lety +8

    Athena is much older than the city of Athens. the city isnt even mentioned in the Odyssey but Athene sure is.

    • @RMJurgen998
      @RMJurgen998 Před 2 lety +4

      Athens already existed in the Mycenaean period, centuries before Homer... and I don't think that the Odyssey is the most relevant work for the matter, I'm pretty sure that Athens is mentioned in the Iliad by the way.

    • @jasoncallow860
      @jasoncallow860 Před rokem

      You could make an argument for every settlement in europe that people have been using sites since the ice age; people settle in places where the land is favourable, especially near rivers

  • @noellavella919
    @noellavella919 Před 2 lety

    Valletta was initially constructed on a peninsula called "Xebb ir-Ras" or Sciberras (with a family living there and owning land eventually getting the surname). "Xebb" meaning young (though we typically use the feminine version only "xebba" to refer to young girl) and "ras" meaning head.
    Just a small note, when an "ħ" follows the letter "g" they become one letter "għ" which we don't pronounce.
    Very interesting video ❤️ Really enjoyed it!

  • @Boeremans1985
    @Boeremans1985 Před 2 lety

    Well done!

  • @OnlyInMelsele
    @OnlyInMelsele Před rokem +3

    In Dutch/Flemish the two letters O and E together make the same sound as OO in English. So Broeksel is pronounced Brooksel (In English)

  • @midou3299
    @midou3299 Před 2 lety +10

    The meaning of Paris is actually simpler : It's named after the local Gaul tribe Parisii.

    • @Unbrutal_Rawr
      @Unbrutal_Rawr Před 11 měsíci +1

      Well spotted. It _was_ known as _Lū̆tētia_ (Parīsiōrum) "swampland of the Parisii" in Latin, but the "swampland" part didn't survive - who knows, maybe the locals had already drained their swamp by the middle ages? 🙂Since it's the name of the tribe that survives, the interesting part is where that comes from. It looks like ot comes from Gaulish _*parios_ "cauldron", so basically Parisians were gourmets already in prehistoric times, but everybody else thought them and their cutlery weird, and so called them "cauldron-folk" 😃

  • @Jojogrec
    @Jojogrec Před rokem +1

    Although the words making up the name of Stockholm was explained, the story of why that name was chosen wasn't included in the video.
    I don't remember the specifics off the top of my head but there was some people who had transported logs by letting them float down the river/lake and some of them ended up on a small island in the area where Stockholm was then built.

  • @MissSlovakia2
    @MissSlovakia2 Před 2 lety +1

    6:31 Bratislava: you mentioned just one theory, but there are about three of them, how the city got it's name. Around 900 it was probably owned by the (originally) Lower Pannonian prince Braslav (Bräslav, Brazlaw) - or by a magnate of the same name - who was a vassal of Bavaria (Germany). Earlier, it was thought that Bräslav was the person who gave the town Bratislava its German name Brezalauspurc (see 907), later Pressburg. Nowadays, it is assumed that Pressburg/Brezalauspurc is a distortion of Predeslausburg, a name derived from Predslav, who was (according to some historians) the ruler of Bratislava around 900 and the 3rd son of the Great Moravian king Svätopluk.
    Fun fact: Bratislava is also a girl's name (but I don't know any girl with this name) and around the 1918 it was thought the name of the city will be Wilsonovo (Wilson's city) - it had to be named after the US president Woodrow Wilson as a thankyou for his fight for the freedom for the nations among the Europe, especially the small ones in Austro-Hungarian empire.

  • @zoltankiss2943
    @zoltankiss2943 Před 2 lety +5

    Bratislava's official name in Kingdom of Hungary was Pozsony before 1919, and used to be Hungary's capital cca. between 1526-1848. Obviously, the Austrians use Pressburg for themselves.

    • @frantisekiv5512
      @frantisekiv5512 Před rokem

      King Stefan I around the year 1000 issued coins with the inscription PRESLAVA CIV - STEPHANUS REX. The name Bratislava was a return to the oldest known names - Preslava - Breslava - Brezalauspurc. ...

  • @junhongyuen423
    @junhongyuen423 Před 2 lety +32

    "Moscow"
    proceeds to show the entire soviet union

  • @milosvukanovic4452
    @milosvukanovic4452 Před 2 lety +1

    Thank you for the wonderfull overview and detail name history of Podgori(ts)a ;)

  • @YeeSoest
    @YeeSoest Před 2 lety +1

    Vaduz - from Aquadukt makes absolute sense. Leave off the Ak-sound at the start and change the end a bit, that's it.
    Val ducis also works but I prefer the other

  • @reglementme6321
    @reglementme6321 Před 2 lety +4

    Bruxelles (French) or Brussel (Dutch) from Broeksel , the ‘oe’ is pronounced ‘oo in English like ‘look, boek, ect.

  • @davidgarrido1291
    @davidgarrido1291 Před 2 lety +6

    "La Vella" in Andorra means °the old one" in catalan, not "the town". That would be "La Vila"

  • @Brugar18
    @Brugar18 Před rokem +1

    To add more about Lithuanian capitol Vilnius: Legends say that the Grand Duke Gediminas once had a dream where he saw an Iron Wolf howling on the hill and he tried to find out what this dream meant, he asked Lizdeika his seer what this dream of his meant and reached the conclusion that it meant that the city known as Vilnius should be built.

  • @fassko
    @fassko Před 2 lety

    Thank you for such great video. Just one error when refferencing Riga you told that it is in Estonia not in Latvia. I’m just myself from Latvia. :)

    • @jorge6207
      @jorge6207 Před 2 lety

      Fun fact: Latvia is said Letónia in Portuguese, so sometimes Letónia e Estónia gets mixed in brain...

  • @OtakuVonBismarck21
    @OtakuVonBismarck21 Před 2 lety +4

    20:45 Wasn't Tallinn for most of it's history called Reval?

    • @kailahmann1823
      @kailahmann1823 Před rokem +1

      Officially until the first Estonian independence in 1918, but both names have coexisted for a very long time, not even completely separated by the language.

  • @alihorda
    @alihorda Před 2 lety +5

    Bratislava was originally called Pozsony (just to clarify, during old times under Hungarian kingdom)

    • @881terror
      @881terror Před rokem +2

      Balaton was also called Blatnograd what in slavic languages means mud castle - Balaton Principality. Esztergom is from Slavic word ostrigat what means cut hair. Buda and Pest in slavic languages means waking fist. In Hungary are 6000 slavic names of rivers, cities mountains. Just to clarify, during old times under Slavic principalities.

  • @reinodemacedonia7962
    @reinodemacedonia7962 Před rokem +1

    Since Chissinau was mentioned, it taked long to paint Moldova; also I think Luxembourg didn't appear.
    Good woork, hope you make one about América Capitals.

  • @LelouchLamperouge235
    @LelouchLamperouge235 Před 2 lety +1

    3:11 "I'm gonna mispronounce all the foreign words btw. " Yes I already noticed your pronunciation of the river Spree by that time :D

  • @joshuaidugboe214
    @joshuaidugboe214 Před 2 lety +7

    Do oldest book from each culture/country

  • @GeographyNuts
    @GeographyNuts Před 2 lety +53

    This is interesting, finding the real true meaning in harder than mining bitcoin

    • @General.Knowledge
      @General.Knowledge  Před 2 lety +19

      Agreed, almost none of these had a definitive answer!

    • @rexyjp1237
      @rexyjp1237 Před 2 lety +1

      Imagine using bitcoin in 2021
      This post was made by dogecoin gang

    • @GeographyNuts
      @GeographyNuts Před 2 lety +1

      @@rexyjp1237 no, don't own dogecoin or bitcoin, just a regular joe

  • @adamrafieljuanil4085
    @adamrafieljuanil4085 Před 2 lety +2

    Moldova being coloured brown after Oslo’s entry at around 15:22
    Edit: Also browned again on 22:53 at Vilnius’ entry.

    • @voxveritas333
      @voxveritas333 Před 2 lety

      I remember when our maps called it Moldavia.

  • @EmreCanKorkmaz
    @EmreCanKorkmaz Před 2 lety

    14:50 Turkish name of the city is *Lefkoşa* (ş -> sh), fyi

  • @jeanbonnefoy1377
    @jeanbonnefoy1377 Před 2 lety +4

    3:50 about Andorra la vella: the French name of its capital city "Andorre la Vieille" (the old) translates perfectly this progressive "slip" of meaning due to the closeness in pronunciation (and spelling) between Vieille and Ville, since before the Renaissance it still was called "Andorre la ville" (Andorra the town, Andorra City)

  • @beisenherg1343
    @beisenherg1343 Před 2 lety +6

    Pro tip, C in slavic languages is almost always pronounced as ts

  • @tomasvrabec1845
    @tomasvrabec1845 Před 2 lety +1

    Just to add for anyone interested: Prague or Praha has a connection to the word Prah.
    That word also means dust and the entrance into a house (not that common today as a word) .

    • @yuslaven89
      @yuslaven89 Před 2 lety +1

      We in Serbia call your capital "Prag". In Serbian word "prag" is still in use meaning doorstep.

    • @jerzyblinowski5177
      @jerzyblinowski5177 Před 2 lety +1

      Rather, I think that the name of the Czech capital comes from the same root as the Polish verb 'prażyć' or dialectal 'próżyć' which means 'to burn', 'to bake', 'to toast' or the Polish adjective 'próżny' which means 'empty' (such as after the trees have been burnt). In the past, in Poland, the word 'praga' or 'praha' meant an area devoid of trees by means of fire.

  • @frtzkng
    @frtzkng Před 9 měsíci

    German Umlauts, the letters with the two dots above, have their own distinct sounds:
    - Ä is /ɛ/, somewhere between English _bad_ and _bed._
    - Ö is /œ/ or /ø/, similar to French _fleur_ or Dutch _neus._
    - Ü is /y/, like the French and Dutch pronunciation of the letter U, or similar to the pronunciation of long OO /uː/ in some British English dialects.

    • @frtzkng
      @frtzkng Před 9 měsíci

      The same applies to languages which have adapted these letters to represent the same sounds, like Swedish and Finnish (Ä, Ö), Estonian (Ä, Ö, Ü) and Turkish (Ö, Ü).

  • @deltatango6793
    @deltatango6793 Před 2 lety +6

    I loved the Warsaw story!

    • @madmatt2028
      @madmatt2028 Před 2 lety

      I agree, not often you hear a story about a mermaid far inland

    • @deltatango6793
      @deltatango6793 Před 2 lety

      @@madmatt2028 well, he was a fisherman

  • @teethgrinder83
    @teethgrinder83 Před 2 lety +5

    Really appreciate you going through the capitals of the other 3 home countries in the UK and not just London-thanks! 👍

  • @ariversideview5775
    @ariversideview5775 Před rokem +1

    Edinburgh means Stronghold or fort of Edwin. Burgh is an old English word meaning stronghold or fort and Edwin was a King of the Anglo/Saxon kingdom of Northumbria.

  • @mtth6758
    @mtth6758 Před 2 lety +1

    Caerdydd is the actual name of Cymru (Wales)’s capital, Cardiff is the given English translation officially recognised by the British government as the capitals name, Welsh speakers will argue otherwise and rightfully so

  • @alengrm7488
    @alengrm7488 Před 2 lety +10

    10:05 The problem with the Ljubovid theorie is that Ljubljana was(and still mostly is) called Lublana(by the locals and by the people from other parts of Slovenia). LJ was added in the 18th century by Jernej Kopitar's new language reforms and the offical name stuck around till this day. Even Czechs, Slovaks and Poles actually still use a variation of the name Lublana(Czech: Lublaň, Polish: Lublana)

    • @borivojetravica569
      @borivojetravica569 Před 2 lety

      Polje koje se ljubi, zemlja koja se voli - Grad koji se voli.

    • @jonatanborowicz
      @jonatanborowicz Před 2 lety +2

      I always thought the name derived from the slavic meaning ”being loved” in feminine form. Ljubav, lubic, ljublju, she is loved, ona je ”ljubljana” but I suppose I got it all wrong.

    • @borivojetravica569
      @borivojetravica569 Před 2 lety

      @@jonatanborowicz not all wrong...is not person, woman ...is the land, city who loved here

    • @bojanstare8667
      @bojanstare8667 Před 2 lety +1

      @@borivojetravica569 Pole, kdo bo tebe lubil? Zemla, katero imam rad, mesto katerega imam rad.
      Ne turi svojih Balkanskih štosov. Srbske hegemonije je konec.

    • @bojanstare8667
      @bojanstare8667 Před 2 lety

      @@jonatanborowicz Yes at all. In origin is name Lublana, what means town under the rounded hill (obel hrib). Also in Russia have a lot of such names with the same meaning. lj and nj combination were Serbs ambition to united all nation of south Slavs in one nation. Of course Serbian. We have more in common with western Slavs.

  • @jroyggz
    @jroyggz Před 2 lety +3

    You should do how each US state capital got their name that would be cool

  • @LobTheAppleJuiceBoy
    @LobTheAppleJuiceBoy Před 2 lety +1

    17:14 bro that's Latvia,but I think you might have confused it because of the Portuguese name for Latvia(Letônia) which sounds a lot like Estonia.

  • @Kaldorath
    @Kaldorath Před 10 měsíci

    When it comes to Oslo, in Norwegian, "os" is the outlet of a river. For instance, the old Norwegian name for Trondheim is Nidaros. The name of the river running through Trondheim is named Nidelven (Nid River). Old archaeological finds have found that the town was first settled at the outlet of the river running into the ocean.
    Nidaros therefore means: At the outlet of the river Nid. Oslo has a similar meaning. "lo" has been interpreted as a field near water. Therefore, Oslo can also mean: The field near the outlet of the river.

  • @EdinMike
    @EdinMike Před 2 lety +5

    It’s “Edinburgh” not Edinboro 😋 but I think our name is more a mixture of Pict and Celtic, so the stories say ! Who knows !

    • @ericlanglois3782
      @ericlanglois3782 Před rokem +1

      I was unaware that the bronze age Picts had a language that wasn't Celtic... I just assumed they were a Celtic tribe and thus spoke a Celtic language but your statement made me look into it and for that I thank you.

  • @kasper41291
    @kasper41291 Před 2 lety +3

    Faroe islands you forgot, though a part of the danish Commonwealth, it is a country separate from denmark

    • @British_Pakistani
      @British_Pakistani Před 2 lety +1

      He also forgot Gibraltar.

    • @lolacullingham6020
      @lolacullingham6020 Před 2 lety

      @@British_Pakistani That’s a British Territory. Not a capital city.

    • @British_Pakistani
      @British_Pakistani Před 2 lety

      @@lolacullingham6020 It’s more complicated than a territory, if Cardiff and Edinburgh was included under British capitals, then Gibraltar should’ve been included, it even has its own flag (🇬🇮).

    • @lolacullingham6020
      @lolacullingham6020 Před 2 lety

      @@British_Pakistani it’s not consider as a capital city.

  • @Johia_Mapping_2
    @Johia_Mapping_2 Před 7 měsíci

    What's the song at 3:09?

  • @SvensssonboiMapping
    @SvensssonboiMapping Před rokem +1

    8:49 In Swedish Copenhagen is called "Köpenhamn" which literly means "Buy-a-seaport". "Köp-en-hamn"

  • @d0nutwaffle
    @d0nutwaffle Před 2 lety +6

    Warszawa would be something more akin to "varshava"

  • @floutsch
    @floutsch Před 2 lety +10

    The "Bär" for "bear" you mentioned regarding Berlin is actually a nice reminder how to pronounce the a umlaut ä. The "ea" from bear and the "ä" from Bär are pronounced almost the same. Really close.

    • @nestingherit7012
      @nestingherit7012 Před 2 lety +1

      And ,lin' from linden trees.
      Behr( bear)+:lin from linden trees.
      Berlinder/ Berlin.
      There are many names with ,in' endings in other languages too.
      Pallin,Poulin, Crispin,Locklin ( the country singer) etc.
      Also
      Leipzig
      From ,leip'( to remain,continue) in Proto Indo European.

    • @yarzyn_5699
      @yarzyn_5699 Před 2 lety +1

      @@nestingherit7012 No :) Though the name of Leipzig/Lipsk comes directly from linden trees.

    • @yarzyn_5699
      @yarzyn_5699 Před 2 lety +3

      @@nestingherit7012 Sure... Polabian Slavs, for some reason, used german names for their settlements... You're really funny :D
      And no, "Lei" is not a prefix :D Leipzig is a germanized Lipsk (lipa = linden tree) and there are many towns with that name in slavic countries.
      Please, stop assuming that you know things, read about them, educate yourself. You will be a better person.

    • @yarzyn_5699
      @yarzyn_5699 Před 2 lety +1

      @@nestingherit7012 Jawohl, mein Fuhrer :D I can't believe ppl like you are still around in this day and age...

    • @bojanstare8667
      @bojanstare8667 Před 2 lety

      @@yarzyn_5699 Germans are so effective with germanized of Slavs, because Slavs are willing to take over other language. It is almost unique. I know just Bogarians, who have taken over Macedonian language.

  • @erlanddaremo811
    @erlanddaremo811 Před 2 lety +1

    Stockholm consists, as you sa, of two words stock and holm. It's correct that holm(e) means ilet (or ihlja). However I dispute that stock in this context means log. I think it is refering to English (to get) stuck refering to the waters from the higher situated lake Mälaren and the Baltic sea. Today it's the cars that get stuck on the too few bridges between all those 14 ilets or islands in the city.

  • @altafybrickbester
    @altafybrickbester Před 2 lety

    Can u continue this I liked it

  • @koba2140
    @koba2140 Před 2 lety +3

    "Bär" is pronounced "Bear" not "Bar", but thanks, good to know the origin of Berlin's name.

    • @bojanstare8667
      @bojanstare8667 Před 2 lety

      Berlin has Sorbian name. From nation in Lusathia.

  • @ETools.
    @ETools. Před 2 lety +5

    "thank you Lithuania for having normal ethymology for your city."
    *sad Dutch noises.*
    (keep it going)

  • @tomasduris3642
    @tomasduris3642 Před 2 lety +2

    As u asked, Bratislava could be from the name of Bretislav however, in every slavic language - Bratislava (Brat i slava) literally means "Brother and Glory", so i suppose that is much more likely...

  • @lorenzoletta8176
    @lorenzoletta8176 Před 2 lety +2

    19:34 I think Ulpia actually comes from Traianus’ dynasty “Gens Ulpia” (The Ulpians’ dynasty)

  • @user-ru5kn5rh4m
    @user-ru5kn5rh4m Před 2 lety +6

    2:00 Bar?😭 it is seriously pronounced exactly the same as the English word "bear". It's not called Barlin, it's called Berlin.

    • @kamilszadkowski8864
      @kamilszadkowski8864 Před 2 lety +1

      Funny enough the original Slavic name was "Bralin" so he at least was close to that pronunciation.

    • @gunnarkvinlaug7226
      @gunnarkvinlaug7226 Před 2 lety

      @@kamilszadkowski8864 But both German and English is Germanic languages, not Slavic!

    • @kamilszadkowski8864
      @kamilszadkowski8864 Před 2 lety +1

      @@gunnarkvinlaug7226 You don't say?!

    • @biaytygrys980
      @biaytygrys980 Před 2 lety +1

      @@kamilszadkowski8864 He has a butt pain because capital of Germany becomes from slavic word

  • @Infrared01
    @Infrared01 Před 2 lety +10

    Just a tip, in English, the "s" and "z" at the end of words is pronounced as written, not "sh." I believe you're doing it because it is different in Portuguese, but I just figured I'd point that out.

  • @adizMMZ
    @adizMMZ Před 2 lety +1

    To twist things up, there is a city called Mińsk Mazowiecki. The Mińsk part was Mieńsk/Mensk/Minsko coming from a river Mienia near the city and the secind part separates it from being confused with Belarussian Mińsk

    • @KHMELISSIMO
      @KHMELISSIMO Před 2 lety

      Not Mińsk, but Minsk. Not Mienia...Mienia )))) lol, but Menka.

    • @adizMMZ
      @adizMMZ Před 2 lety +1

      @@KHMELISSIMO it is Mińsk Mazowiecki, I literally was born and I also literally live in that city. And the river is called Mienia

    • @adizMMZ
      @adizMMZ Před 2 lety +1

      @@KHMELISSIMO also, check out the name of the capital of Belarus in Polish language, I made no mistake

    • @KHMELISSIMO
      @KHMELISSIMO Před 2 lety

      Became a "polish" poet, He began to wrote his sirname like Mickewich. 😟 But all of your life he was Mićkewich. From belarusian name Mićka.

    • @adizMMZ
      @adizMMZ Před 2 lety +1

      @@KHMELISSIMO what drugs are You taking? Mickiewicz was Polish and he wrote his surname like that always. In Polish it's Mińsk Mazowiecki, the river is Mienia, and the Belarussian capital city is Mińsk.

  • @Pannenkoekenplantje
    @Pannenkoekenplantje Před 7 měsíci

    A slight correction on the Dutch "oe" sound in Broek. It's one sound instead of pronouncing the o and e both. It's almost the same sound as the English "oo" sound: book is boek, foot is voet, etc. The words sound the same in both languages, but the writing is different.

  • @gaaabeee2094
    @gaaabeee2094 Před 2 lety +13

    17:15 Im from Latvia but didnt know that Riga is capital of estonia :D :D :D

    • @ObaidFaisal
      @ObaidFaisal Před 2 lety

      sarcasm is overrated even tho i do it riga is not estonian but latvivan

  • @MellonVegan
    @MellonVegan Před 2 lety +3

    2:00 Bär is actually pronounced pretty much the same way an Englishman would say bear. Not Bar. That's where you go to have a drink. And most Germans would not roll the R like that. In words like Bär, it's just silent or rather, "er" and "är" endings often become "ea". So "Bea", if you will.
    Not that you'd have to know that. Hell, I don't know how to pronounce anything properly in Portuguese. Just saying.

    • @Leo-uu8du
      @Leo-uu8du Před 2 lety +1

      In English it is pronounced like the German Bier 🍻, so I don't think this comparison works.

  • @berniechro4341
    @berniechro4341 Před 2 lety +1

    Buda is a male name, and apparently at the time of Attila it was very popular.
    ETA: It is still a male name used to this day. And after an extensive research I found that it was Attila's little brother hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buda_(keresztn%C3%A9v)

  • @kyriakou8098
    @kyriakou8098 Před 2 lety +1

    Small mistake, the Cypriot capital is still called Lefkosia in Greek or Lefkoşa in Turkish, Nicosia was never a name used by the local population. If I'm not mistaken it's an Anglicanised corruption of the name that was used when the island was colonished by the British empire.