Ortho Meta Para Directors - Activating and Deactivating Groups

This organic chemistry video tutorial provides a basic introduction into ortho meta and para directors. It discusses the reactivity and directing effects of strong activating groups, moderately activating groups, weakly activating groups, weakly deactivating groups, moderately deactivating groups, and strongly deactivating groups.
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at 8:00 , why did you move the double bond 2 carbons? shouldn't the double bonds be parallel?

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thanks mate! great explanation on nucleophilic and electrophilic nature of ortho and para carbon

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[@SophieSong-vf7bz]

Thank you for this great video!! For the CH3 group, since it makes the ring more electrophilic, why it is an activator?

[@amynguyen527]

Can I ask if I have a NH2 group in the para position to an ester group (for example benzocaine) would the NH2 group increase the rate of hydrolysis for the ester?

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But isnt ester a deactivating group

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Is this the same for nucleophilic and electrophilic or does it change?

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8:37 shouldn't the double bond on the third molecule be on the right, symmetrical to the other one???

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How does the withdrawing effect of e from benzene occurs by Br.

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if already two groups are present in the ring? Sir! please discus about the third group entry in bi-substituted ring! Nobody interested to talk about that.

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The para intermediate tertiary carbocation the electrophile attached carbon already had 5 bonds if we draw double bond at this position it becomes six how is it possible or by mistake

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wait... at 08:10 why did you put the double bond connecting to the electrophile at C-3 to C-4 instead of adding it to the single bond at C-2 to C-3?

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That was the next resonating structure

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8:20 is wrong no the double bond doesn’t go there ?

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[@mustafashebli6546]

hey man, at roughly 3:15 you say these groups are moderately activated and then you say they are ortho para. Then at roughly 13:00 you say moderately deactivated prefer meta. However the molecules look veryyyy similar. Can you explain?

[@nicoletteschiavone5980]

It's all depends on which atom is bonded to the benzene. The ester at 3:15 has the oxygen directly bonded to the benzene ring, thus it is a moderately activating group because oxygen has a lone pair and can donate electrons to the ring by resonance. The ester at 13:00 has the carbonyl carbon bonded to the benzene ring, NOT the oxygen, thus it is a moderately deactivating group because the carbonyl carbon has a partial positive charge and withdraws electrons by resonance.

[@aenseidhe-93]

Just remember this. Lone pairs - activators and o/p directors. Double bonds mean deactivators and meta directors. Halogens are also deactivators that o/p direct but they are an exception.

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Show all the reaction mechanism while stating the type of the mechanism involved

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hey
OH has a formal charge of 0 right ?
6-(1+5) why does it even attack the benzene ring ?

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