How the Pyramids Were Built - LATEST EVIDENCE | Dig it With Raven
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- čas přidán 19. 06. 2024
- How did the Ancient Egyptians build the Great Pyramid of Giza? It was a long process of trial and error, and some amazing feats of engineering and architecture- that's how!
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The Pyramid Builders of Ancient Egypt by A. Rosalie David - amzn.to/2XXOBG4
Giza and the Pyramids: The Definitive History by Mark Lehner and Zahi Hawass - amzn.to/2MZK3so
The Complete Pyramids by Mark Lehner - amzn.to/3e1ISoq
The Oxford history of Ancient Egypt by Ian Shaw
- amzn.to/2C0mRbj
Experiments in Egyptian Archaeology: Stoneworking Technology in Ancient Egypt
By Denys A. Stocks
- amzn.to/2UDy0p2
Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt
edited by Kathryn A. Bard - amzn.to/3flSqL9
Giza Reports; The Giza Plateau mapping Project. Volume 1. Project History, Survey, ceramics and Main Street and Gallery III.4 Operations
Stocks, Denys A. “Immutable Laws of Friction: Preparing and Fitting Stone Blocks into the Great Pyramid of Giza.” Antiquity, vol. 77, no. 297, 2003, pp. 572-578., doi:10.1017/s0003598x00092632.
Woods, Andrew J. (1973). The Center of the Earth. I.C.R. Technical Monographs. 3. London: I.C.R.
Isenberg, Holger. Giza: Center of Earth, page 5, 2003. mars-news.de/pyramids/gizacent...
The 2015 Survey of the Base of the Great Pyramid, Glen Dash
How the Pyramid Builders May Have Found Their True North, Glen Dash
Davies, W.V. (1999). "Djehutyhotep's colossus inscription and Major Brown's photograph". Studies in Egyptian antiquities: a tribute to T. G. H. James The British Museum. pp. 29-35. ISBN 0 86159 123 2.
Sliding Friction on Wet and Dry Sand
- A. Fall, B. Weber, M. Pakpour, et al. 112, 175502 - Published 29 April 2014
Ancient quarry ramp system may have helped workers build Egypt’s Great Pyramids
news.liverpool.ac.uk/2018/11/...
Building The Great Pyramid At Giza: Investigating Ramp Models, Jennifer (Kali) Rigby Brown University
www.brown.edu/academics/archa...
Moving heaven and earth for Khufu: Were the Trial Passages at Giza components of a rudimentary stellar observatory? David Ian Lightbody The Journal of Ancient Egyptian Architecture vol. 4, 2020
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Image credits:
Example of a Mastaba - Jon Bodsworth - www.egyptarchive.co.uk
Statue of Djoser- Jon Bodsworth - www.egyptarchive.co.uk/html/ca...
Khafre_statue - Jon Bodsworth www.egyptarchive.co.uk/html/cairo_museum_10.html
Meidum Pyramid - Jon Bodsworth www.egyptarchive.co.uk/html/me...
Pyramid of Djoser By Charles J Sharp - Own work, from Sharp Photography, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Snefru's_Bent_Pyramid_in_Dahshur By Ivrienen, CC BY 3.0
Snefru- Juan R. Lazaro source, CC BY 2.0
Egypt.Dashur.RedPyramid By Hajor, CC BY-SA 3.0
Pyramids of the Giza Necropolis- By KennyOMG - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0
Great_Pyramid_of_Giza_edge By Mgiganteus1 , CC BY-SA 3.0
Kheops-Pyramid - Nina - Own work, CC BY 2.5
Granite saw marks globaleducationproject.org
Dolerite hammer: ashtronort.wordpress.com/2016...
The pyramid of Amenemhet I at Lisht- Jon Bodsworth - www.egyptarchive.co.uk/html/sa...
Una's pyramid- By Olaf Tausch - Own work, CC BY 3.0
Dendera ceiling- By Alice-astro - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0
Model of Giza Complex- By Yair Haklai - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0
Giza Plateau- Daniel Mayer - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0
Step Pyramid of Djoser- Dennis Jarvis CC BY-SA 2.0
Foundation of the red chapel by Hatshepsut and Seshat- Lothar Derstroff, Wiesbaden, Germany - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0
Inner ramp- Jean-Pierre Houdin
Great_Pyramid_of_Giza_Grand_Gallery By Keith Adler - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0
Hatnub Ramp- Yannis Gourdon/Ifao
Limestone quarry at giza Peter Der Manuelian, 1959 digital giza project
PBS NOVA copper saw
Pyramid_of_Khufu_-_Entrance By Olaf Tausch - Own work, CC BY 3.0
Trial Passages- Petrie 1883
UvA Sand Experiment Credit D. Bonn PRL. © 2014 by The American Physical Society
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Full disclaimer because I love you all. Some of these links are affiliate. If you purchase anything from these links I may earn a small commission. This really helps in supporting the channel, as I do not earn anything from these videos. Thanks so much for your support!
Sneferu reminds me of the character from Monty Python and the Holy Grail... "The first pyramid I built sank into the swamp. The second pyramid I built, burnt down, then sank into the swamp. But the third one stayed!"
But faaaather, I don’t want to marry her... I just... want... to... sing.
Actually, Snofru was the first true American mythbuster: Failure is always an option but never give up.
In Horology (Clockmaking) it is the steel parts of the clocks that are worn away by the softer Brass teeth - this is due to particles of dirty and then steel becoming imbedded in the softer brass and acting like a grinding wheel on the harder steel. It is absolutely possible the Copper saw are being used in the same way - the sand and water with the copper saw would be able to work in harder stone. This is exactly what I needed after watching so many ALIENS DID IT videos. Thank you.
Copper saws can carve into granite? Limestone ya.
What about lighting?
@@unknown5150variable I respect your efforts at civility. Sincerely, a random person
One point about the Nile thing is when it flooded water would came closer to the site providing easier access for the barges. This is also the time all the labor for construction was free due to flooded farmlands.
Holy shit. This was an incredible video. And the small dose of anticapitalism just * chef's kiss * I'm subscribing.
You said there wasn't space for a 10° - 12° ramp at Giza. Later on you mentioned a 20° ramp that was discovered elsewhere around the same time. Would there have been space for a similar steep one at Giza?
Hats off to your efforts for making such detailed video covering even minor details.Very informative.
Thank you for researching and putting this all together! Your videos are always fascinating! I love watching documentaries about the Ancient Egyptians (my family probably call it an obsession 😜) and the different theories, so this was perfect!
So glad you enjoyed it! This one took a lot of work, but I think it turned out well
Dig It With Raven Very well😊👏🏻 Can’t wait for part 3!
🤦🏼♀️
BLESS YOU this is the content I come here for
I heard something about counter weights being used to get the bricks up. (usage of counter weights was known)
Despite the fact that I’ve been interested in Egyptology for ages, I feel like I’ve never heard about how they built the pyramids properly. The more you know!
Question: do all kings have pyramids?
Glad you enjoyed the video! Not all Pharaohs have pyramids. They're very obvious, expensive and time consuming, and they encourage looting. So eventually they built tombs like the ones in the valley of the kings under natural rock formations
just about everyone from the 3rd-13th dynasty plus the Nubian 25th dynasty, with some exceptions such as Shepseskaf, Neferefre, and possibly Sanakt
@@rebelassassin317 I edit Wikipedia, and it drives me crazy that there's not enough on the Nubian pyramids and the surrounding history, in my opinion. But I'm struggling against illness so I can't do the research needed to improve the articles the way I think they should be improved. Also to be fair this was five or so years ago that I struggled against this so somebody may have picked things up in the meantime.
Awesome video, most education stuffed into a tiny timeframe. From a sociological perspective, the pyramid of Kufu was funded by the most powerful person in the country, therefore the cost to quality was irrelevant. The later, cheaper pyramids were cost prohibitive to the social standing of lesser class people, lesser in relation to the top rank. Just a perspective.
Nice job Raven. I just came across your channel and I like your run down. I've decided to subscribe.
Great job, really well put together . More please
Yes. I am binging on your content. Good stuff. Thank you!
Interesting. Just a point - sand is a very solid base for buildings surprisingly. Mud was the culprit bending the pyramid inward. Thx.
Great video 👍 I still think 🤔 you should make a video on an ancient mistorys!!!!!
Nice all the resources in the comments. Good video.
Glad you enjoyed it!
Haha love the ikea thumbnail!
Haha it's a fun one for sure
I got a bit late but definitely enjoyed this one. A lot of information so that I had to watch some parts thrice. Also you've mentioned you don't earn from these videos. Why? Is there any issue in CZcams monetisation for these types of content?
Glad you liked the video! I have just recently been monetized on CZcams, but as I am still a small channel and do not produce content that many people watch, I earn only a few dollars a month. My CZcams earnings don't even cover my phone bill!
@@DigItWithRaven Ok, That's fine. As one of my friend's monetisation was disabled forever due to some videos of brutality being shown in his videos.
And about the audience, it's a long journey but content creators like you are building a category of facts and evidence based videos. You will reach millions 👍.
Nice vid ! However you should try and check a bit more the theory of Jean Pierre Houdin concerning the internal ramp and the use of the great galery as a counterweight mechanism it's quite fascinating. Also his theory includes an external ramp that is used to up to 1/3 of the height of the pyramid to bring the king's chamber stones to position.
Houdin has by far the best explanation.
i was just about to say the same thing lol, im no expert pf course but Houdin's argument was fairly convincing to me
“Kings chamber!” Come on! That is so old and debunked. You do realize that someone wrote that many many years after the fact. That area a was a power generator.,
I'm in complete agreement with the several other folks above who mentioned Houdins theory and all the evidence he provides AND all the questions and mysteries that have existed around the building of the pyramids for which the internal ramp theory provides answers. Anyone who rejects Houdins theory does so out of bias, not research because if you research the construction narrative plus physical evidence plus engineering concepts you'll see that it couldn't have been built any other way...
@@wendellrider1212 It is referred to as the Kings chamber more out of tradition than anything else, it's always been called that, so attempting to sneak your ridiculous "power generator" idiocy into a discussion of engineering and architecture based upon a socially generated "folk-tale" is nonsense.
Ok,, okay.... very informative but at 5:41 I was hoping you'd debunk the 'alignment' .. I saw the video claiming an alignment between the pyramids in China, Egypt and Peru. Any ideas why they are on a similar latitude ? (v=hZi4sIMhad8?t=1827)
Need your viewpoint.
I now believe for hauling stones and I'm only talking of horizontal across the desert they possibly laid flagstones Infront of the sled, it makes alot of sence to me .
No = earthen ramps in the case of the Old Kingdom pyramids. For the later New Kingdom hypostyle temples they used mud brick ramps. In the western cemetery adjacent the Great Pyramids there are partially completed tombs dating to the 4th Dynasty. Attached to those are small earthen ramps made in part from sand/stone chips - quarry debris/and tafla - a sedimentary clay they mined and used for a host of applications with simple retaining walls. Near the worker village at Giza is the remains of a large tafla mining operation. When Egyptologists excavated the limestone quarries at Giza years ago they found massive amounts of ramp filler material dumped into them. At Karnak is the remains of a mud brick ramp used to create a temple there. In the tomb of Rekhmire is a depiction showing a hypostyle temple being built via a mud brick ramp.
So there is evidence of we see of their creating ramps of different materials. It therefore is plausible that roads could be created from the same. Clay can be compacted into a durable surface and if you wet it of course it becomes a bit slippery. Add to this spaced wooden planks not unlike the "corduroy roads" militaries used for millennia to cross soft/broken ground and a durable path can be created. There are a few - very few - remains of created roads near old quarries. They dug down and laid a base of earth/rubble and laid limestone slabs atop as you alluded to. This does not appear to have been commonplace however while the surviving examples are not very lengthy.
Final thought. They were not dragging large blocks across the desert. The limestone quarries of Giza as an example lay 100-200 meters from the pyramids. Meanwhile about ~400-500 meters away is Khafre's valley temple adjacent the Sphinx and just beyond = was once a harbor area. Geological core sampling showed Nile mud 6-7 meters below the surface of the ground and further sampling of the area shows the area to the east of the necropolis was once a floodplain when the Nile flood its banks each year. The river created a shallow lake encroaching to within ~400 meters of the necropolis. The diary of Merer relates how they created a system of dikes and canals to channel water so as to access the harbor. Each "season" when the Nile was high for 2-3 months heavily laden barges with stone would be transported to site.
Moral of the story: most stone came from nearby via wooden sleds pulled by teams of men and oxen - people overlook this. The worker village at Giza contained in its midden heaps countless tens of thousands of cattle bones placing them there during the period of the pyramids. A ox can pull more than 2X its body weight and a fully mature bull can weight upwards of a ton. There are depictions in tombs of yoked oxen pulling things to include a large sarcophagus on a wooden sled in a procession in the tomb of Hunefer.
The rest of the stone was transported via barges on the Nile to nearby harbors. Remember that the Egyptians lived along the banks of the Nile = which flooded each year. That would force them to build far enough back to escape the annual floodplains since they primarily built of mud brick. This means they were highly adept at creating dikes and canals as well as harbors to connect their communities to the nearby Nile. 🤔
Thank you for your sanity
Most of Egypt mythology defy of our science and logic. Yet,it is all very much evident to our attempt to understand. It is best to have an open mind.
Congrats so well researched and down to earth.. great job and you def got a new subscriber (admin from the group you are in) I was always for the internal ramp, does make sense to me but hey, what do i know lol
Thank you so much 😊 your support on both platforms is really appreciated, most FB groups don't like my videos haha
@@DigItWithRaven LOL well people don't like to have their bubbles burst!
What do you think of poured geopolymer pyramid blocks (cast in situ)
From my knowledge, geopolymers weren't invented until the 20th century, so I'm going to say the Egyptians didn't use that haha
@@DigItWithRaven I was under the impression that the Romans used a couple geopolymer concretes (I'm no expert) also Joseph Davidovits hinted at the mixed pyramid construction of cut and poured. hence sending me down this path :P
The same guy also claims to have tested South American megalithic stones under an electron microscope and confirms they're artificial. however, there aren't other sources confirming his 19' study. what a rabbit hole :P
The Geo polymer looks suss as soon as you scrape away the exterior of the prymid, none of the blocks appear evenly sized, you'd think if wood was scarce you would be using the same mould again and again.
@@dennismiller8808 A rabbit-hole is only a rabbit-hole if you choose to climb into it, otherwise it's just a hole. Geopolymers are a modern product and not known of or produced in the ancient world. The Romans did produce a concrete that could set underwater and scientists are not certain what all the ingredients were (It's believed they used volcanic ash in some capacity.) but it was clearly a non-polymer concrete.
I think pierre houdin demonstrated a very effective and probable method that was known at the time.. It resolves the inefficient ideas of an external ramp, that would need more M
Material than the pyramid itself..
The internal ramp isn't without supporting evidence
You failed to mention the third theory of the shafts in the bedrock nearby the pyramid. You will notice that it is in-line with the causeway that was built from the Nile port to the pyramid. Not sure who originally said this, but Jean-Pierre Houdin has said - just like his theory of the Grand Gallery... it was used as a counter-weight channel/ramp.
🧡👌🏻
😊😊😊
This sounds like the exact same stuff I learned about in school. Are there any stories written by the Egyptian‘s about how they built the pyramids? I would think with this Big of a project there would be pictograms telling the story about it. Maybe they do I’ve just never seen them yet
Considering that, given the number of people that were involved with the building, it would have been no secret to them how the pyramids were being built. Most people at that time in the ancient world were illiterate. The pyramids didn't become tourist attractions till at least 1500 years after they were completed. The techniques for quarrying and moving the stones may have been detailed on papyri but we know that of thousands of these documents only a few have survived to the present day.
Hello - I don't dispute any of how it was built but I do question the 20 year time line. If the pyramid is made up of 2.3 Million blocks of at least 1 ton or more and if it took 20 years to built.
Not counting all the other stuff you mentioned (grating the site, finding the site, building a harbor, etc, etc) the Egyptians would have needed to lay 315 blocks every day for 20 years straight (non-stop 24 hours a day) in order for that to be true.
That means that every hour 13 stone blocks would have been needed to be installed in the pyramid. You can't stop a single day for anything ever.
So the 20year time line is a little too short. One stone block would have had to be placed every 4.6 minutes in it's exact location for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year for all of the 20 years. I'm not suggesting Aliens made it or any other ridiculous thing, simply that it probably took longer.
Now if we argue that say they worked only 12 hours (half the entire day) that means that 1 stone every 2.3 minutes would have needed to be laid in it's exact location and a total of 26.25 stones per hour needed to be placed every hour. This also means that every 2.3 minutes a stone needed to be carved and ready to be carried to it's precise location. I have zero idea how long it takes to chisel out a 2.5 ton block of stone, but I am going to guess it's more than 2.3 minutes.
Mathematically the 20 years doesn't add up at all and I would venture in at least 40 or 50 years is more probable.
Still can't stop imagining the drunkards of menkare's weekends
How did they build the pyramids when they didn't have a Raven to use for scale? With the statue moving evidence you supplied, I think you just eradicated my theory of them using banana peels to help move the stones. Southeast Asia (where some bananas originated) is not that far away and Arab traders DID have them. Okay. Sighs. I'll let that one go. Thank-you SO much for giving us a peek into your brain once again!
Haha unfortunately no banana peels were harmed in the making of this pyramid
@@DigItWithRaven Haha GREAT answer! And Happy Canada Day! Celebrate like it's 1867, as they say! Edit: Or did you do that yesterday? Because Time Zones. Hey! What DOES the future look like? You know...cause you're already there!
Happy belated Canada Day to you as well! Hope it was filled with (socially-distanced) good times and good food. I unfortunately haven't celebrated properly in years
@@DigItWithRaven You haven't celebrated Canada Day properly in years? Shocking! Although I'm sure there is repentance for that. I'm also sure you've called your Mom this month, who is in Canada, so that counts. Back to the statue movers: The guy was pouring from a jug...and MAYBE it wasn't water! MAYBE it was oil! And maybe it was...(wait for it)....BANANA oil!!!!...No?...Sighs. Okay.
am Egyptian i approve THis Video
Found your video amidst a sea of clickbait, conspiracy theories and nonsense, this is the first one that explores the actual development of pyramid building via archeological evidence.
Good stuff, you got my sub!
I think the study of pierre houdin internal ramp makes good sense.. And evidence of internal x-rays seem to show an internal ramp.. I think the Egyptians were capable of this
And it took me 3 tries to pass my calculus test
I can see some sensibility in preserving a corpse for the sake of new and austere bodies having a monument of a once living person. How they lived and achieved in life could be important to the people who widely live within the boundaries of nature
I favor the zigzag ramp with 5% slope takes you all the way near the top. However the last portion near the top must have had a different technique other than ramps since congested work area would not make it possible to drag stone on a ramp. Any ideas?
Look up Pierre Houdin's internal ramp theory and ALL your questions will be answered.
@@waynemyers2469 Internal ramp theory is too simplistic and brings more questions than answers. The real challenge is not the sandstone blocks. It is the 70 ton granite ceiling in king’s chamber.
@@alohaman99 Your comment must be based upon some kind of bias or preconceived notions about how the Pyramid was built because aside from the 'alien solution" Houdins theory answers questions that have baffled the experts for years and done that with material evidence and elegance, the hallmark of truth. In fact, to even attempt to make the argument that Houdins theory "brings more questions than answers" tells me that you don't even know what his theory is, otherwise you'd know that far from being "simplistic" or causing the multiplication of questions it is actually one of the few, if not the only theory that can get your 70 ton block from ground-level to it's position above the Kings Chamber. You need to do more research.
@@waynemyers2469 I have read and watched all the theories about the subject. I am a retired construction engineer.
@@alohaman99 A construction engineer? God, I'm sorry, I hope things get better for you and remember, it could always be worse, you could be a General in the Army, another occupation where you exercise your imagination in the comfort of an office or bunker and leave it to the guys in the field to work around your fanciful and impractical plans...
Seriously though, simply telling me what you do for work and how much you read has absolutely nothing to do with the great Pyramid or how it was built. When you have questions or want to make a statement about how YOU think the Pyramid was built, well, you know where I am.
Ive climbed the great pyramid of giza against the law at 2am when i visited, wild times
You are so beautiful and I learned more about the pyramids in 20 minutes than all the years growing up watching the History / Discovery Channel. Honestly, if learning were made this fun and interesting, kids would take it more seriously.
The Internal ramp makes a lot more sense the more you think about i
pheeeeeeew, good, Now I can safely put my tinfoil hat back on.....
Thought my Alien buddies were imagination for a second there..... Don't scare me like that D:
17:20 ff: The later pyramids like that of Unas look like hills rather than actual pyramids.
That is because their cores were made of mud brick/earthen filler. Once the finer casing stone layers were stripped away millennia ago by "stone thieves" = what remained eroded down over time.
So building a pyramid entirely from stone blocks is a costly and time consuming endeavor. It costs money to employ a large workforce and to quarry and transport a lot of stone. If however you instead create a mud brick inner core and then cover that over with more finely cut and polished blocks to give your your "pyramidal" shape = you have saved yourself a lot of time and resources.
Moral of the story: later Old Kingdom and Middle Kingdom pyramids were not all stone. They were as noted facsimiles which were initially pyramidal in structure but made from earthen filler cores.
Ancient Egyptian sites were systematically cannibalized for their better grade stone by those who followed so as to build other things. It was cheaper and easier to simply strip a nearby pyramid of its polished stone blocks - or cut up some old temple - as opposed to quarrying and transporting fresh stone from a distant quarry to build something else. 🤨
Thank you for common sense 🙏🙏 its sad how people believe aliens did it (of course they manipulate all data) and with all todays technology which is so amazing and yet the piramids were made by aliens😅
This sounds an awful lot like what someone who is a shill being paid by the aliens would say.
Oh man I wish I was being paid by aliens... I wish I was being paid at all! Alas, all my research and work into these videos is on my own time and funded by me and me alone
05:20: What tonnes Tou art taking abou? There are metric and imperial tons which don't mean the same.
but what about those big Stonehenge how were those made because there was no one there tobuild such big stones and then even lay them out perfectly like that forming whatever it is
I really want to know that...
Add in some animation / graphics. I'm still having a hard time seeing HOW they built it.
The thing about the pyramids is that if one theory about one thing regarding the build is wrong, it is very likely that every other theory is wrong too since all these theories would by default be connected. Idk if that makes sense or if that’s actually accurate, but I don’t think we really have a clue how they actually did it. I like the theory that ancient Egyptians had technology that we don’t know about and may never discover. It was like they lived in a different world...
07:50 f: _The North star doesn't move..._
Yes, but Earth's axis didn't always point at the now North star. In ancient times, Vega was the North star.
There is evidence that the large Pyramid of Ghiza was concrete, not quarried stone. Tools, human clothing, and human hair have been found inside the blocks. Formwaork was found, too. A new cement formula for concrete in imitation of the Pyramid concrete has been made. Porzelan cement. Read the article in the Journal of Concrete 1994.
We've got the Egyptians own writings and the quarries themselves as evidence and if you look at the material that makes up the bulk of the pyramid it is so irregular and broken-up that it completely rules out a "poured geopolymer" or anything like that and a single article in an obscure journal without citations can't change that...
Wow! You really have no clue! The Egyptians did not just suddenly become master builders the great pyramid was a a generator f electricity.,No These things just don’t suddenly become master builders. And KUFU WAS NOT RHE BUILDER IF THE GREAT PYRAMIDS! There is-Kai the small matter of the pyramid is in exactly the center of the land mass of the whole earth.
The point boils down to how they suddenly became not just wasted builders but also astronomers, And they also went all around the world and helped other civilizations! Do what they did in term ms if Astronomy!, etc.,
Yes. The might have done something like that but they couldn’t have raised their awhile knowledge of world astronomy
They were glows and taught by the Annunaki. Or the Sumerians..or both.,sorry but you are dreaming! .
11:30 f: That question is why some people still don't believe the Egyptians built the pyramids but it must have been aliens. They also claim that the stones were 80 tonnes heavy, instead of 2.5 or so.
We have yet to demonstrate with modern tools any process that mimic the actions needed to create the blocks and move them where they ended.
You're actually right because MODERN TOOLS weren't used to build the pyramids, ancient, tried-and-true tools and methods were used and this HAS been demonstrated. If you don't know that maybe you should put down the comic-books and read some real scientific research papers instead of guzzling horseshit from Graham Hancock.
Hi Raven
Look, I am still not ok with the great pyramid built in 20 years, 3 months a year. It makes for total 5x365 days of work to quarry and finish 2,4 million of stones, set them up in the construction site, build the ramps, move the stones up the ramps. You ain't mentioned granite blocks were moved from Aswan quarry some 800 km away from Giza, up to 70T blocks to be moved to half-way to the top of the pyramid. Still, this had to be done within 5x365 days of work. You may want to divide that number by two, as night hours had to be excluded from the count, most likely.
Technic feasibility doesn't justify temporal non-sense. Your video does not address an incongruence that is evident to me? Isn't it an incongruence?
Also, do you really believe that a successor of Khufu, Kafre and Menkaure would choose to make their pyramids in a suboptimal fashion on purpose? Is there any cue they were living under a capitalistic system back then? If so, I apologise for questioning this.
Anyways, I head to video three, hope to find juice there.
Joseph Davidovits answered this riddle. He rediscovered an ancient lost chemistry called Ari-Kat method for creating stone and he proved the Ari-Kat methods through hieroglyphs and re-created identical blocks to the ones at Giza. So, just google the Ari-Kat method and yu'll finally learn how they built the pyramids so quickly and actually with only 4,000-5,000 workers.
@@mozartsunfur4666 This is another theory. It is not proven yet, but it would explain the bit that I questioned, for sure. Never found this one mentioned in this videos, tho.
@@barbojohnsung7113 This theory in my mind is a fact. Watch a little known video (only 2,000 views surprisingly!) 50mins long, called "2-Ari-Kat, The Alchemist Who Built A Pyramid." This will be all the proof yu need! Good luck
@@mozartsunfur4666 Nice docu, it is really well made. If the theory behind it is solid, I guess it should get credit in the future. I'd rather see debunked this kind of stuff, rather than ancient aliens.
czcams.com/users/results?search_query=the+alchemist+who+built+a+pyramid
@@mozartsunfur4666 The above 2 or 3 post prove that no matter how much information you give some people they will prefer fantasy over fact...
We have cut marks as proof, so we know that they did it. o.0
i dunno, a couple cut marks that could have been done in the post dynastic roman times, when they had iron.
good video for sure, but i remain skeptical. i think JPH's internal ramp theory is the best one so far, but i'm not an expert in the field.
and i'd also prefer it was giants and gnomes rather than aliens, for certain.
GIANT. KYTES. 🪂💨
Uni of A'dam? Pfff, that is not a brag.. The UVA... lol
You know the major thing about slavery wether or not people can be called slaves or not
is when they are doing the thing they are doing willingly.
meaning if you are working in a 9 to 5 job willingly , you are partially a slave but ultimately not really.
The past is the same as now. ultimately they were convinced to do this hard work. and ultimately there was nothing else to do, because it's not like they could change company , because the whole country back then , was just 1 huge company.
today we have names in Egypt such as Abdoullah which means literally slave of Allah. but in the sense of obeying and devoting ourselves and everything we do to Allah.
So it's the same whether he's working in a company as a boss or a chauffeur. Ultimately we are all slaves in a sense of obeying and devoting. even an Atheist is obeying and devoting to his hungers and worldly affairs and his urges. and even those who worship statues or animals , plants or even Nature as a whole... slaves to nature doesn't explain in details what people should do, so it's Kinna like Atheists... following their urges. and what's good today can be bad tomorrow and vice versa, so it's opinion based bias week and objective.
Just something to think about.
Bare in mind I'm not against anything you're saying. I'm 100% with Egyptology & Real Science.
Huni was missed ;) but that's ok...
Nice Video Raven ! :) Can't wait for the next one
@Sherif El Kadi No. The major thing about slavery is NOT about "convincing" people to devote themselves to something. The major thing about slavery is when a person is considered property and there are property laws regarding them as property. Slavery is about allowing people to own, buy and sell other people as property.
@@classicslover you completely missed my point.
The fact that you have free choice means you are a slave to your choices.
I'm not talking about the modern definition of what is a slave. we are all slaves and we all worship one thing or another. and there is no Shame in the name Abdoullah.
If you only work or live the way you want for the sake of living or working and living the "now" only, then you are a slave to that thing you are doing.
But if you do live and work and play and do all the worldly things for the Sake of God (obeying him) than you are a slave and devoted one submitting to Him even if it is simply driving a car or going for a walk or building a water dam. That why in Islam Praying 5 times a day is one of the pillars. it's by the clock. and what is commanded by God has to be automatically good for humanity and the hereafter of the one committed in piety and righteousness. It's a win win
Win the worldly living and win the hereafter in Paradise.
we are all servants to servants... and the Real King is God.
I hope you got my point this time.
Coz what you are talking about is barley touching the surface of what I'm talking about.
If I am a consultant for construction does that mean I sold my people to do you a building ?
Obviously you don't want to abuse them, but you also want your project done on due date, and you are controlling them as you wish on every little aspect of most of their time.
O and by the way ... that's why there was no charity back then in Ancient Egypt because the King had to provide every single one of his population with a job.
and it was the other way around in terms of charity, the hunter gatherers were the one providing the king and the rest of the monarchy with super foods as Offerings.
and a sign of good country is that nobody is jobless. so therefore no poor people.
+ on top of all that , they believed that the Kings were later on transformed into gods (at least at some point in history) ... so... hmmm... pounder upon that...
OK Classic Lover... I hope you enjoyed this.
Goodbye and stay on the bright side.
The General Rule is - Fix your affairs with Allah - Allah will fix your affairs with people :))
Best Regards
@@MrFreezook And you completely missed my point. There is a distinct and definable difference between a slave and a willing servant. I agree with you that the Real King is God. But I am His servant, not His slave. Slaves get no remuneration, so never a win win being a slave. And you will not get any supporters of your position from the descendants of slaves. Especially in North America, which includes Black people, and for a time, Native Americans. And in the current climate, it's more than insensitive to try to push your point.
@@classicslover You missed the mark again... plz understand 1st that I am against slavery and by no means I intend to be apologetic for it. I condemn it for sure.
But The context I am talking about is Ancient Egypt when men were primitive and how philosophy plays a role.
When we say they were no slaves it's because they had multiple gods and pharaoh was only 1 of them after he dies.
Then Once came a Pharaoh who said directly I am your God that makes them suddenly all slaves to another simple man... which is why it suddenly turned everything upside down.
In islam there is no difference between a black person or a white a rich or a poor , a Chinese or an American , an Arab or a jew in the eyes of God except through piety and good deeds. and the fact that we have names Such as AbdoulAh, meaning slave of Allah, can also mean servant of Allah, or the one who obeys Allah.
but the direct translation is "Slave" because even if you build a great building it should not be for yourself but for Allah. And Allah is self sufficient meaning He doesn't need anything. He is the Provider and we are his slaves because we worship Him and constantly revise ourselves and ask him permission. wether in slathering an Animal to eat or to ask for his mercy and entrance to Paradise. because even if we have done tons of good deeds this will still not weigh anything compared to (for example) the eye sight given to us. by Him. So only in this sense the term "slave" can be used in its proper place. We did not create ourselves.
Those like the whites who enslaved blacks are definitely in the wrong with God. & of course obviously in wrong with the world. because it is straight forward unjust.
Islam Came to free Slaves and make an end to slavery. Because we understand that a human can only be a slave to Allah and nothing else.
In relation to Ancient Egypt, only the mummified people were considered the ones to enter the after life. So what does that make the others ?
All together ... corporate (to the size of the country) servants. Servants who don't deserve an after life... ? or slaves ?
I'm just explaining how deep this term goes. I don't mean that Raven the presenter of this video should change what she said about them not being slaves.
At the contrary. She 100% right. and you also are right. My intention is only to serve you with a little bit of info from an Egyptian Muslim's perspective.
So you see I am serving you , it doesn't mean I am a slave to you or I worship you.
Now this coming part is purely improvised and just guess work :)
Why did Pharaoh say "I am your God?" Because it was the start of people who came to Egypt and were unemployed ... So in other words ... Poor people ... and they had no Charity at the time remember ... all the offering were going to the kings and the priests... so there was an unbalance ... and injustice just appeared... And on top of all that Prophet and Messenger Moses Came to Challenge Pharaoh, who was treating all his country as slaves. But in his eyes they were just employees... and those poor people He probably considered them a slaves not in a sense of making hard labor but being street bums. Because employed people were kind of honored. So he was racist towards the jews, and not even knowing what to do with them and not being able to control them so he probably treated them the worse not by labor , but the opposite , not employing them.
End of Guess work. :)
So to explain this who environment is kind of a hard task... That's why it is simpler to say that they were not slaves. Because at the end we are all slaves anyway.
I hope you are open minded. Coz this is mind-blowing stuff.
Ancient Egypt as we all love it so much is supposed to make us come closer to understand each other.
another piece of info I would like to share with you is that the word slave in Arabic is "3abd"
and to worship is "3oboudeya"
I worship = Ana A3bod
worshiper = 3abd which is also = Slave - usually continue worshiper of so and so ...
They are all from the same route. so it's not like that in English ... where you have slave totally different than worshiper.
I hope I didn't bore you, and I Thank you for reading all the way through :) and I would also like to thank - Dig it with Raven - for letting this comments flow on her channel.
@@MrFreezook You had said that the ancient Egyptians believed that only those who were mummified entered the afterlife, and you said that only happened to Pharaohs. Not true. Mummification was available to a variety of ranks of society. There were also different methods of mummification, some cheaper than others. Thus it is said that the paths to the afterlife differed between kings and common people. But everybody still had that opportunity. In fact, servants had been entombed with Pharaohs. Why would they do that if they didn't believe servants would be there too? The evidence you use goes off the rails quickly.
Simple answer is they still don't know!!!!!!!
Aliens
;)
C'mon, seriously? this is no longer a mystery. The answer has been proven by geopolymer scientists. The solution solves every megalithic mystery around the world. The simplicity of what was never really a mystery will surely crush Egyptian tourism which explains the deeply entrenched Egyptologists relentlessly clinging to their mystic dogmas.
Can't really tell if you're joking or if this comment was meant to be taken seriously, please list these geopolymer scientists
Source: it came to me in a dream
Y'all need some Graham Hancock
.
Edit: have you even seen the videos of the copper saws? They only cut a couple millimeters an hour. Meaning with constant, nonstop sawing (assuming you don't have to sharpen or remake the blade during that time), you'd cut a foot ever 100 hours. To call that a laughable theory is an understatement
I agree, It will take sooo much time and they are not precise, they probably used non traditional tools or even something really advance (not alien tools or anything)
You need to be critical of the sources you read. Hancock has no experience in archaeology or any related field ...
@@MariaConstanze so because he isn't classically trained, that makes his experiences and observations false? Maybe zahii hawass should debate him and prove him wrong... oh wait.
.
What experience did Jobs and Wozniak have building personal computers exactly? And who taught the wright brothers to build an airplane?
.
You're the reason archeology is slow to accept new ideas. "He doesn't agree with the historically held dogma? Well then he's clearly wrong and inexperienced!"
Maria Constanze Diget Sletterød read finger prints of the gods and try explain half of the facts and how they don’t correlate with common belief.
@@HabeasJ Listen, you clearly have no idea about archaeology. There are new theories every single day, reasonable (!) but new ideas. I'm guessing you have never studied or worked in archaeology? If you had, you'd know this. Ofc people who have no experience can have ideas that makes sense, but Hancock... He is just ridiculous
The PYRAMIDS are rammed earth blocks! fact! Lol. No large stones needed to be quarried or moved.... look up the lime cycle...
Then what were the nearby quarries for? Are you going to tell me that the Egyptians cut limestone out of the quarry, CRUSHED IT, them moved it, then mixed it and put it in molds and then broke the mold after the mixture had set without leaving any evidence of such a technique? Unlikely if not impossible and besides, if they had to go through that process for all the millions of blocks involved not only would it be far more time consuming than just cutting and using the blocks normally but there wouldn't be a core (3/4 of the total construction) consisting of rough blocks of differing sizes and rubble thrown in as filler, FACT!
Heard that they did not use stones. They used concrete.
That’s not how it happened, limestone was made into cement, mixed with water from the Nile, moved by the workers in buckets and poured into molds. There is still wood logs that are found within the pyramids. And they also used the sun’s reflections to cut through some stones, granite to be precise. Hence those very clear cut lines.
Have they carbon dated these logs?
@@glockta2910 There were structural beams used in several pyramids and as far as poured limestone, think about it: To crush, move, mix and pour limestone is MORE labor-intensive than just quarrying it. In addition to that, if you look at the bulk of the material used in the core of the pyramid it is so rough and mis-sized that it rules out poured blocks just by it's imperfection.
The most interesting thing is how the pyramids are aligned with constellations! How would they know about all that.
And the ability of the pyramid to create electricity. That is what Tesla discovered.
So congrats on the building stuff. But they had help with the electrical stuff.
Somebody go check the asylum, I think they left a door open.
Electrical stuff, are you insane? Find me one reputable source that ties Teslas work to the Pyramid or that supports the idea of the Pyramid as an electrical generator. You are spreading ridiculous theories without any evidence.
Nah sorry, anti-gravity tech was used. Sounds insane I know.
You are absolutely correct...(it does sound crazy)
Some of your video is factual, but let’s hear your “theory” how they got three 100 + ton granite megaliths. I’d love to hear your “theory” on how they carved into the granite stone. Limestone, ya u can carve into it, but granite?
Literally more than a few videos you can look up of stonemasons carving granite with tools ancient Egyptians would have had. Maybe show a little more respect for honest tradesmen and a little less for grifters like _Uncharted X._
Gneiss stone tools are more than capable of working other stone. Meanwhile as alluded to by others there are videos showing whereby bronze tools along with abrasives can also cut into hard stone like granite as far as drilling and sawing.
As an aside. Some years back at the sandstone quarry of Gebel el-Silsila Egyptologists unearthed a partially completed criosphinx which was abandoned in place. It mirrored those found nearby at Karnak in the Avenue of the Sphinxes. It showed to have been hammered into shape via pounding not unlike the unfinished obelisk which cracked and was abandoned - hence shaped stone tools such as flint were used. Had it been finished it would have likely been transported to Karnak where it could be finished via polishing its surface smooth using abrasives the same as with drilling/sawing.
And what does Kufu have to do with this? It certainly wasn’t for a grave.
We already have a lot of evidence that Egyptian pyramids were tombs, so I don't even know what you are talking about.
@@przemog88 Who are you? That is an old canard. Especially in terms of the great pyramids. They were obviously built for something other than tombs and no tombs have been found there. The tombs are in the valley of the kings or whatever they call it now..The great pyramid is an energy generator and it is hooked up with it’s neighbors.,
@@wendellrider1212 There are sarcophagi in these pyramids, so once again you are wrong.
Valley of the Kings started to become place of burial of the Pharaohs around year 1539 BCE. At least learn something about history you want to comment on.
"The great pyramid is an energy generator" - Nope, there is no way pile of rocks can generate electricity. Grow up pup.
@@przemog88 Wrong again. What you and others my think are sarcophagi are not. If you are thinking about bull sarcophagi those have been debunked. You need to keep up. They finally kicked that one ‘director’ out.
@@wendellrider1212 Debunked by whom? Some random internet ignorants? Sorry, I don't care about unsupported opinions of some mo*ons.
If this is the best you have got, then congratulations, you've been had.
they discovered Granite tombs that had been carved out with incredible precision of a single large piece of granite...even to this day with modern tools it is still very difficult to do and you're gonna tell me they used hand copper tools and some sand and water lmao
Mankind has been cutting into granite and constructing tombs and even dwellings since the stone-age, what is so hard to understand about that but, even more important, why do you cling to fantasy scenarios and manufactured mysteries when the actual facts, supported by the evidence are right in front of you...?
Nooooo.
I have a land in Egypt wanna build a pyramid together😘😘
We use ropes and stuff so we can assume this tech was available to ancient Egyptians? Really? This is cartoon strip archaeology. I'm sticking with aliens. Its more plausible.
Well we definitely know they had rope and used it based off of archaeological evidence, it's not new technology and existed long before the Egyptians as well
okay 'boomer rob'... username definitely checks out. XD try linking a resource to the aliens theory that's actually more plausible and has peer reviewed published and well respected sources. I''ll wait. Maybe the aliens will supply it, cause that's about as likely as there being any credence to the ancient aliens theory.
Neanderthals had rope, so why not Ancient Egyptians?
56 tonnes of stone and probably gold dragged on a wooden slate by 172 men, that's about 330kg per man, attached to a rope? Yeah, that's not reaching at all. You also failed to mention the 60 tonne granite blocks that were positioned inside the Great Pyramid....
Good stuff, just keep politics out of it.... I dnt see how "capitalism" has anything to do with this...
blah blah blah...the mystery remains unexplained
And don’t forget that there are pyramids all over the world that are pointed at exactly the same stars. Egyptian pyramids in south America! Exactly the same.,
No, some are the same but many are aligned with the moon, some are aligned with various stars and some were aligned to true north, true north being the main alignment and also the most universal idea that would have existed across many cultures, worldwide.
Why must you talk so fast.
So they just figured out all that stuff on their own. I don’t buy it one bit.
To pampered modern humans EVERYTHING seems impossible.
This is all wrong...
what is wrong?
To built the pyramid in 20 years with 2,300 000 stones approximately, you need to cut, transport and put in place each rock at a maximum of 3 minutes working 12 hour of the day, without a day off or holiday. Logistically, it is impossible even with all the brute work force that they had. Do the Math!
they cut 2.3 million stones using copper tools lmfao right...
You're assuming that only one stone at a time was hewn/transported/placed. Imagine 10,000 workers split into 100 teams of 100 workers. With good planning and organisation, these 100 teams could all be working simultaneously. This would mean 1 team would only need to handle approx 5 blocks per day. I'm not saying my numbers are correct, and the hew/transport/place methodology was probably more complex, but this simple thought experiment makes the whole enterprise seem much more feasible. Yes, "Do the Math!", but it has to be the right math.
@Ingrid Holm
1. There are not 2,3 mln stones, but below 2 mln.
2. Not 20 years, but 27 years at minimum.
Why are you claiming that it is logistically impossible? Research say something opposite.
"Do the Math!" - Maybe try using it yourself?
No, you should do the research and then do your calculations over because if you do the calculations before you know the facts you run the risk of stretching the data to it's breaking-point trying to make it fit the evidence. She explained this in her video but some people cling to their fantasies and their faux-astronomical and mathematical mumbo-jumbo so tightly that nothing short of a bomb will dislodge them.
Facile logic = of the worst kind...... 🥱
Moral of the story: if you have a single team of block movers and they can pick up a block in the nearby quarry (100-200 meters away) and haul it to the adjacent pyramid to lever it off and into place in say 2 hrs = then 10 such teams can place 10 blocks in different locations in about the same amount of time............. Ergo the more teams working in tandem = the more blocks placed in a given span of time. After all a pyramid is a rather large area and as such it can accommodate many people working on it in various locations simultaneously.......
As to the rest of the nonsense. Most of the blocks of the pyramids are limestone = which can be cut and shaped using bronze tools as well as gneiss stone ones. Meanwhile these represent a hodgepodge of shapes and sizes and assorted quality which further were dumped in place leaving gaps all over. Only those making up the inner chambers/corridors and the last outer layers of blocks were more carefully cut & placed with some also being polished. All the rest are basically "stacked rubble". So how does one obtain "rubble" blocks??? Answer: "fracturing"......... Watch the video Arnaldo Costa Stonemason Extraordinaire. See an old man using chisels and a sledgehammer quickly split a block of granite into 2 clean halves = *THAT* is how most of the blocks were obtained. There were not individually chiseling/sawing a million blocks.......
At Giza in the quarries they cut trenches with holes spaced along predetermined lines. Then teams of workers drove long chisels into the limestone bedrock at predetermined intervals. Drive a line of chisels into stone and after a short distance in the stone per expansion = will split along the line - its accuracy consistent with the skill of the mason and the quality of the stone. Then using your holes and wooden levers it can be broke free and levered onto a sled and hauled away as is. Forget your "math"........ = use your eyes. 🤓
p.s. - they had oxen at Giza as well as manpower - there is physical evidence of this. An ox can pull more than 2X its own body weight - and a fully mature bull can weight upwards of a ton. So if they were consuming cattle they most assuredly used them to help haul blocks as well - even if only the larger ones. The largest/heaviest blocks in the pyramids are found in the bottom half closest to the ground. Above that level the blocks are smaller as they rise in height. Look at photos of the top. Those blocks are small enough for several men to lever into place. Thus while it obviously took longer to place the larger blocks - the smaller ones above could be placed faster so it evens itself out as far as time.
All that w no math or wheels, & only bronze axes, is simply impossible and actually laughable lol
That's the problem with the Internet and society in general: Everything is "impossible" and "laughable" because to pampered, soft people EVERYTHING is impossible and for ignorant people it's easier to laugh at something than to try to understand it... it all boils down to sloth and stupidity.
Call it " evidence ? C'mon, this is not science, this is a joke.
No, here's a joke: "How many ancient Egyptians did it take to screw in a lightbulb? NONE, the ancient Egyptians didn't have lightbulbs and only the uneducated think they did!
Can’t blame capitalism for products becoming cheaper and less durable. It’s just basic economics that occurs in any commerce.
As the masses have a need for cheaper products, the fortunate want higher quality and the most prosperous desire the highest of quality.
With that said, you’re way smarter than I am. And I’m willing to bet your response would teach me something and cause me to yield.
What particular economic system is at play? Could it be capitalism?
"bAsIc ECoNOmIcs"
This is such rubbish.
show image video whatever. be a narrator. showing your face is boring and painful and you talk to fast.
How would you feel if someone said this to a woman in your life? Grow up and be nice to people, it is not that hard.
i have nothing against the woman read properly before complaining. the video was badly made that s all. when you see a documentary you never see the narrator's face, and they talk nicely. Some others videos people put annoying and loud music in the background. you can not hear a frigin word !
@@choosenone2die You need to get better at English then, because what you wrote is easily misunderstood. You literally write that her face is boring and painful, that is not a very nice thing to say! You are commenting on her appearance instead of the content. And that is utter bs, lots of documentaries show the narrator, have you ever watched a nature documentary with David Attenborough. And as far as I know, this is also NOT a documentary.
@ Raven if you directly address people lile Christopher Dunn and Graham Handcock, name in tittle etc..... you will get more views and you will be doing a service to everyone by stimulating discussion. These things shouldnt be tit for tat, video counter video, its shit. You need a minimum 3 hour pod cast with someone like uncharted X and discuss this shit out.