SciShow: There are ecosystems in the canopies of redwood trees. Me: That makes sense. I would assume there are birds and creatures that make homes in the trees. SciShow: There are trees growing on the trees. Me: Wait, what?
It's pretty trippy! I live in Humboldt County, and we have a lot of coastal redwoods here. If you look really hard, sometimes you can see the little trees growing off of them. Also, I like to look up and watch for the flying squirrels. Also, I've seen an albino tree in one of the redwood forests! The redwood ecosystem is fascinating, and it's a shame logging has destroyed so much of the old growth.
I see sometimes litle bits of soil on "normal" trees but they sustain just bit of grass or tree seedling but it never cross my mind it can get to such a scale on redwoods.
I've seen trees grow on some crevices on some concrete structures. Like not small itty bitty trees but medium sized ones that have multiple branches. If I was a biologist it would be my area of study lol
There are trees that grow on rocks less than a mile from me. I swear trees can live (and grow) on just about anything. These aren't small trees either. Many of them are taller than most houses.
The Chernobyl exclusion zone is also home to a lot of Radiotrophic fungus, fungus that live in the most radioactive parts of Chernobyl (for example, inside the power plant that cause the disaster in the first place) and synthesize radiation.
@@sophierobinson2738 These guys are really interesting, because the ability to metabolise oil is very rare. Obviously they are very useful to us, especially if current trends continue, but the evolution of oil metabolism is bizarre in itself. Why would an organism evolve the ability to metabolise a high energy substance that is stored deep underground, especially when the energy release from that fuel store typically requires oxygen?
@@georgemesher8897 as odd as oil-eating bacteria are, I would say Radiotrophic fungus even more strange. Radiation destroys and mutates DNA in every living thing we've ever studied for science yet here is type of fungus that not only likes high levels of radiation but is completely unfazed by it side effects. this kind of goes against our understanding of radiation.
I just want to see A redwood. Kinda hard in MN. Although, one of the largest white pine forests used to take up most of the state. Then humans (namely European settlers) came an cut it down. I believe most of what remains is in Lake of the Woods State Park/BWCAW (Boundary Waters Canoe Area and Wilderness) and along the Northshore of Lake Superior.
@@geekygirl2596 aw...I mean a whole bunch of redwoods were cut down too, unfortunate. Still I hope you get to visit the west coast sometime! They're really a sight to see.
The process of chemosynthesis is particularly interesting for people looking for extraterrestrial life. It means that a planet only needs to be geologically active to host life, energy from a star might not be necessary.
Issue is, liquid water is still necessary. While some planets/moons may be able to maintain liquid water oceans without a stars energy (like Jupiter's moon Europa), we have no evidence that these liquid oceans exist, nor that they can sustain life. And on Earth, we've never found life without liquid water in some capacity. I agree that exobiologists should be using deep ocean biology and chemosynthesis as alternatives to classical ecosystems in the search for extraterrestrial life, but I feel that we need to acknowledge the evidence that we have found on Earth as well. Genuinely not trying to be argumentative, just interested in the conversation. You make an interesting point, and I wanted to offer a counterpoint :) Hope you enjoy learning about science as much as I do!
@@georgemesher8897 Well as far as we are AWARE liquid water is necessary. Because that's the only reference point we have, life on Earth. It could very well be possible that liquid water is absolutely necessary for life, but in my opinion I would be very surprised if life couldn't form on planet's with other resources. That life could have completely different methods of energy synthesis. Same as you, not being argumentative just adding my opinion.
Including many of the solar systems moons and and even some dwarf planets are geologically active. Life could be right on our door step. All we have to do is look.
@@squeezlebub3593 Water has a lot of properties that make it useful for hosting living things, in particular its solubility rules allowing for lipid bilayers (though we may have to argue if something that isn't cellular can be called 'alive'). Even if it's technically possible, it probably isn't worth spending much time looking for non-aqueous life, at least until we get good enough at nanorobotics to have a decent model of how such a species would even be possible.
Couldn't agree more! We have no frame of reference outside of our collective scientific experience. All we have found on Earth is carbon-based life that is dependent on liquid water, but other biological chemistry is entirely possible inside and outside of our scientific understanding. Silicon, for example, plays a similar role in chemistry to carbon under completely different conditions. Silicon-based life could thrive on planets that would be entirely inhospitable to life as we know it. On top of that, there might be many, many more modes of chemical life than we can conceive of, given our limited perspective.
I'm getting some ideas for a fantasy novel, too. Like, what about a society living on top of a giant forest, not knowing that the soil beneath their feet is less than 10 meters deep before there are ferns, then branches, and then 100+ meters nothing. They'd have stone tools, if any, live in harmony with the forest around them, and one day some people just break out of the ground.
@@proffesionalweredog7426 Yeah, but it's also fun. I get to pile up mountain ranges like they're sand, carve oceans as though they were puddles, and bring entire nations into existence with a few words. I control the fate of however many people I allow in my world, and I can wipe entire races from existence if I so choose. A church may follow their god, but even that god is nothing before my endless power. In short: Making your own world is the perfect way to let off some steam, cope with feeling powerless, or explore what it's like to be omnipotent.
@@Kartoffelkamm ive been tryna craft my own fantasy world from scratch, with my own races that i created. im even trying to craft regional cultures for this world and it is like, extremely fun but a little difficult. ive been wanting to work more on it but ive gotten busy
It occurred to me that the people who cut down the redwoods might have noticed, or had a chance to notice, some odd things in the branches, or just through they had knocked down some other trees while felling the redwood.
MATE, I wish people payed attention to that. But when a tree that weighs as much as a redwood is landing near you, the crash makes it hard to distinguish canopy from flying vegetation.
If you look them up, forgot the name, they dont really have mouths. What they do is attach themselves to the bone of the mammal and secrete an acid that breaks down the bone around it. They absorb the nutrients from that.
I read a few years after the Chernobyl accident that in some areas close to the reactor, the radiation had essentially sterilised the environment. Although trees recovered, each autumn when they lost their leaves, there were no insects or microbes to break them down. Researchers later found a decade's worth of annual leaf shed piled up in the forests. It likely has recovered now, and the leaf litter is composting.
The Coastal Redwood forests are one of the coolest things ever. Like it seriously feels like you walked into some sort of fantasy property - I kept expecting to look up at some point and see an Elven catwalk. :D
Interesting you should say that...S.M.Stirling seems to have had a similar Idea as he had his Tolkien revering people in the emberverse do exactly that
insteresting you should say that...S.M.Stirling seems to have had a similar ldea as he had his Tolkien revering people in the emberverse do exactly that
I remember learning about chemosynthisis in school in the 90s. It was an amazing discovery that before then people didnt think was possible. Probably one of the reasons i love all science today even tho fluid dynamics is my favorite field
Chemists knew it was possible. It was mainly other science branches that may have had trouble with the idea. It's all just rather straight forward redox reactions after all.
When I was a kid in Humboldt Co. CA in the 70's, the Pot Growers would find Redwoods that had fallen over and left these IMMENSE stumps that would then rot from the center and the top making a huge bowl in the stump filled with mulch that they would grow pot plants in so no one could see they were deep in the bowl of 20/30 ft tall stumps. FWIW
Those ecosystems are comprised almost exclusively of bacteria and yeasts on a human gut surface. They’re diverse within their kingdoms but not between them.
Here in florida there are some trees with cactus growing on them. Ive also had plants growing on the counterweight ballast of my tractor on their own. Life will find a way. 😀
otakuusa animenerd, there are cacti all over trees in Hawaii, too. They’re mostly terrestrial cacti that just got a lousy spot to germinate, but there are some species of cactus that evolved to live in trees and clamber all over them.
#1 is ultra fascinating... I like to think I know lots of things, but I had no idea that smaller trees grow on the branches of bigger trees in their canopy.... _Fascinating_
I haven't heard of any of these. I have heard of bridges, shipwrecks and abandoned oil rigs becoming bases for coral ecosystems, life in volcanoes, and an area (near Austria?) that is an underwater tourist destination during part of the year, and a small, lush oasis at other times. The diversity of life in our world is astonishing.
You just reminded me of a childhood favourite of mine. The tid pools. I have spent days in them every summer until I was 14-15. All the exiting things I observed in them!
This was so cool. I study the fauna in temporary bodies of water and it's always amazing to see how there's life everywhere. The iceberg ecosystem really interested me though.
I remember studying ecosystems in marine ecology 🤗 I liked Whale Fall & Mangrove swamps the best.....also, scientist also found new sharks at Whale Fall
I love this episode. I knew of the ecosystems in the canopy of the rain forests. The fact this is the case with the Redwoods give's us a glimpse into the past. Why do I feel a term paper brewing inside my brain right now? 🤣
Life is strange and very sturdy. It can survive anywhere, provided there is life on that planet. I like learning and I like how this channel is always good at teaching. You're awesome.
People are wondering how trees are growing on top of trees. It’s pretty simple actually. You place a dirt block on the leaves then a sapling on top of it then just add bone meal!
I think organisms in the chernobyl exlusion area show us how sophisticated mutation repair mechanisms are. The microorganism Deinococcus radiodurans was found in power plants in Chernobyl and it seems to thrive in areas with high radiation exposure. Since this puzzled scientists, they investigated the organism and found that it possesses a repair mechanism which connects fragmented DNA in a very efficient manner (Although I'm more biomedically oriented, I would long to make a video about this though!). Our own DNA repair mechanisms are also quite amazing though!
Thank you for using metric units. This will hopefully help move the general public to come to know and accept it as well. After all, all imperial units are already defined in metric units.
Hank you are one of the Gifts that Keep on Giving, in these troubled times!!! Your clear diction and wonderful enthusiasm are a joy to behold!! Consider me a fan, lol.
I thought so, too, but having covered the buttons, it looks like it may just be an optical illusion. Or maybe they physically point that part more toward the light.
I was hoping for sloths! I dunno if you made a video on my favorite animal but they have whole ecosystems on their back - algae is what makes it look green, and hundreds of millions of microscopic organisms exist there, some are found no where else
Vey interesting video! It seems like most species are thriving while humans are stuck inside at the moment. Might have to make my own video on that angler. Thanks for the inspiration to us small science guys as always!
I think it's more likely that animals and nature don't care much about viruses. Their lives are going on as normal where ours are not. Also, maybe the earth is trying to use viruses to sort "quell" our own population growth. Grim thought, but who knows?
I have a question I haven't yet found an answer to. Sorry if it's stupid. Do birds who live in the exclusion zone and migrate to other places carry amounts of radioactive material that can be spread out of the exclusion zone? Either directly on their feathers on through their droppings. I was wondering this especially in the context of ringing and studying birds.
Let's not forget about the fungi that grows inside the meltdown of nuclear reactors, which feeds on the radioactivity to create energy. It is also found that those communities of fungi have a high tendency to grow towards the center of the meltdown, where there are the highest levels of radioation. Just shows how adaptable those life-forms are.
The buttons on your shirt really stand out to me. It’s the repeating pattern on the material itself. Your shirt buttons are perfectly positioned to make the squares on the shirt pattern look like a big X. The button is exactly in the middle of the X. It stands out more the farther away you are in different sections of the video. The X is really noticeable when you are further back from the camera. Cool effect
All life on Earth is related, so we only have evidence of life evolving once. If it really was so amazingly likely, there would probably be more than one lineage. There are limits to everything even life. It doesn't always uh uh uh find a way.
@@letitiajeavons6333 well, of course, sending a probe to Europe to fuel the conspiracy theory that social programs work would be an example of big government wasteful spending
Some extra ones are life found in geysers, inhabited by extremophile bacteria, then immediately in the cavities of underground water reservoirs, insectivore bats have defecate to a point that there is a poop layer covering the bottom of the water. I don't recall who exactly did it, but I remember a YT video from a few years ago touched upon that cool cave ecosystem.
PsychoSocialCreation, almost. The vents release heat and chemicals. Bacteria synthesize those chemicals into food and energy. A food web of many different organisms builds off of that.
Those redwood canopy ecosystems blew my mind. Just when you think you have a good grasp on what ecosystems are around something like this comes along. This world is amazing. 4/5
hydrothermal vent creatures might actually be used to clean up many waste products as well when speciffically raised. my father was the one who needed to figure out why the early computer chip making mashines didn't work well when they made them smaller and faster to produce chips, essentially he figured out the things which are behind the big proceses which companies like TSMC use now/further develop now.(in this case my father mostly was the person who figured out why things didn't work and how to make them work, since back them such things wheren't really known. for example things like a clean room being needed to get proper production or dust and humidity effecing the proces so much that even a little moist or static charge can ruin the entire proces where things they didn't know back then which my father had figured out, by deciding to use high speed microscopic(as in vieuw area, not in actual camera size) cameras and just high speed cameras to look at exactly what went wrong, he got them to lend those from some company specialized in those. even microscopic amounts of moist would ruin the entire production process since parts would stick and not position well etc.(that was just one of the many things). he actually later almost went to work at ASML since they wanted him and the company he worked got mostly shut down and taken over by those other companies after the twintowers collapsed, despite that being so far away, even in netherlands the effects where great, especially in the computer chip making industry. but the thing that makes it relevant here is that at some point they also discovered that in the tanks of concentrated cyanide with some gold particles in it, there actually had developed a species of small lobster like creatures, which actually survived in there very well. that was also quite much a new thing back then. the impressive part is that despite that being before they actually figured out that such things should be kept very clean they still didn't add in such creatures themselves, and it still was inside some company hall, so somehow those creatures mucst have come in through the air as some form of bacteria or such and evolved into those lobster like creatures that fast.
I'll bet your father had many interesting stories to tell, and loved his work. My dad was the same way about his work - he loved aircraft, especially fixed wing jets. He loved solving problems on them.
@@jeanjaz jeah indeed. only in his case it was less speciffic and just solving problems on many places, even though he did a lot in that speciffic field with developing and fixing those machines. but planes are great, they would be the future if it where not for broken laws, since a well designed plane is many times more efficient and fast and safe as a average car, even those standard very old 2 to 4 people tour or stunt or general purpose planes already reached fuell efficiency over 20km/l. with modern technology and some design changes to reduce turbulence, increase efficiency and stability, as well as chances in propulsion planes could provide insane fuell efficiency. I know that in germany some people modded their drachenfliegers(hangglider) with simple rc motors and since unlike paragliders drachenfliegers actually are quite efficient when motorized, some of them could even take off from a open field by just running hard and jumping, and once in the air they could very easily stay up and go super fast. flying is one of those things people tend to know very little about and so underestimate or estimate completely wrong. for example most people assume planes are like rockets needing to hold their complete weight up with their engines constantly. but in reality with decent wings it is like a insane gear ratio making sure a well designed plane needs almost no power to stay up once they are up into the air, and planes in the air when designed properly have almost no friction or resistance compared to a normal car or such(ofcource this differs for the huge planes and such and cargo or passenger planes since they need to have tiny wings compared to their size to fit on the runway) I would love to see more flying like transport, and then especially free single person gliding transport as well, essentially just some glorified version of a old drachenflieger(I called it a hangglider before but in reality drachenfliegers where and came in many more shapes and such in the past when it was still a mostly unregulated pioneer hobby for people) essentially having a way to increase glide and stability even more and add some small motors to allow further and faster flight in all conditions while keeping it light weight, and optimally also a way to easily take them along and make them compact, so anyone willing to can just kind of fly around anywhere kind of as if they can fly themselves.
@@jeanjaz depends, drachenfliegers had many different shapes originally, back then they even already accidentally or knowingly on purpose some wings with similar properties to prandtl. some only used updrafts, but many also had special wing shapes. many of the ultralight planes(those which used sail material wings) where based on drachenfliegers, just with a seat and motor added. so you have many differences in it, essentially the main rule behind it originally was that it where typically self made or group made(before it went really commercial) glider (planes) which one can easily move around using a normal car and also light enough to move easily by hand. the hapes and profiles they used changed a lot since it kind of was second stage pioneering hobby, you have those which look like normal planes, those which look like a triangle, and some random other shapes, as well as having very different wing profiles/shapes to generate lift or only use updraft. average designs also changed depending on the place the person making it would most often go. these days the famous triangular hanglider is mostly the only one still in wide use outside of ultilights and such(so still like a glider). that is probably since they are very easy and cheap to make in comparison with many other designs and they also are very general still meaning you can use them in most conditions, not always the best but often above the avererage. and ofcource they are more easy to make safe and transporting them is more easy compared to some of the more plane like designs. the triangle model probably only really gets beaten when talking about geometric(passive) autostabilization and glide ratio, won't mention speed since they are more than fast enough. essentially drachenfliegers are just gliders and glider planes people would often make at home, they are unmotorized, and typically very light and can be taken apart easily for easy transport. it kind of began mostly with Otto Lilienthal, but after the world war it got a insane peak in people doing it due to motorized planes being banned in germany around that time, also since back then there wheren't really any seriously prohibiting laws or such regarding unmotorized planes and gliders, especially not around the lightweight ones, it was basically similar to riding a bike. it mostly ended when it was kind of made illegal/commercialized, currently you need to have a lot of very expensive licences to even fly one such gliders and many extra equipment, and the glider also needs to be labeled and licenced by speciffic companie so building your own also typically is illegal unless you have enough money to get your design tested and accepted. laws kind of ruined it. ofcource this is in west europe there are places where such things are still allowed or more allowed, I have heard that in some parts of usa you are even allowed to fly a motorized ultralight without licence
I wanna say is was one of y'all's videos (maybe Eons, i can't remember) that talked about those hydrothermal vent biomes possibly making more biodiversity possible by eating the methane and cooling the planet, and that it could have been the first life.
You'd like the yatamu. They are massive spongy ribbon creatures flying in dense atmosphere that hold civilizations of ant sized sentients on their backs.
I searched "yatamu" with multiple search engines, Google, Google Scholar, Bing, Yahoo, DuckDuckGo, Ecosia and Ekoru. No results said anything about this, not even fictional projects like SCP Foundation show up. Where are you sourcing your information?
4:25 NAUTILUS LIVE YES!!!! WOO!! ahem. Whale falls are nifty :D Also, I'm both disappointed and glad that you didn't go for the easy line of "life finds a way" haha
WOAH. Those redwood canopy ecosystems sound like something out of a Tolkien novel. Like, are there elves living up there, in a forest hundreds of feet above the ground? I am immediately going to have to write this into a DND campaign 😮😮😮
good video, but 300 Celsius is not 3 times 100 Celsius (as said about hydrothermal vents), since 0 Celsius is arbitrary. It would make more sense to compare using Kelvin, where those numbers would be 373 and 573.
Yeah, we can figure out what the bottom of the ocean looks like, but what lives there and from the surface to the bottom is a much harder question to answer.
Most mutations are bad but some are good. The bad tend to die out and the good tend to thrive. It will be interesting to see if in a 100 years the higher radioactivity in Chernobyl will cause noticeably quicker evolution in some species in the area. Like those birds.
When he discussed icebergs at 8:12, and freshwater phytoplankton - how does that work? Did they blow in on a wind serendipitously? Were they frozen in the ice, then reactivated when the ice thawed? I wonder where they came from.
0:53 The US is notorious for widespread use of imperial measures of length, but this goes beyond that. "37 storeys"?? Why on earth would anyone think that a length would best be given in storeys?
Umm, just figure a story is approx. 10 feet (I think). My old house was 2 stories (well, actually 1.5 stories). We had a row of Chinese Elm on each side. On one side, they were all considerably taller than the house. Not so much on the other side. I currently live in a 4 (likely 3.5) story tall apartment building. There is a tree that grows between my building and the single house next door. That tree is nearly as tall as the house, and almost half as tall as my building.
SciShow: There are ecosystems in the canopies of redwood trees.
Me: That makes sense. I would assume there are birds and creatures that make homes in the trees.
SciShow: There are trees growing on the trees.
Me: Wait, what?
I very nearly spit out my (sherbert) Ice Cream at that. I had to physically hold my jaw shut, lest the contents on my mouth melt all over my shirt.
There is water at the bottom of the ocean!
It's pretty trippy! I live in Humboldt County, and we have a lot of coastal redwoods here. If you look really hard, sometimes you can see the little trees growing off of them. Also, I like to look up and watch for the flying squirrels. Also, I've seen an albino tree in one of the redwood forests! The redwood ecosystem is fascinating, and it's a shame logging has destroyed so much of the old growth.
Treeception
same!!
Imagine trying to boil a crab and he reaches out and turns up the heat.
Lol 😂
That made me lol in real life hahaha
Crab also complains the water is a bit bland and asks for more sulphur and methane.
In Soviet Russia the crabs boil you.
Mr Crabs in That episode when Larry Opened a gym XD
I see sometimes litle bits of soil on "normal" trees but they sustain just bit of grass or tree seedling but it never cross my mind it can get to such a scale on redwoods.
I've seen trees grow on some crevices on some concrete structures. Like not small itty bitty trees but medium sized ones that have multiple branches. If I was a biologist it would be my area of study lol
One tends to think of the Amazon rainforest when they think of canopy forests.
I've seen trees on top of trees on top of trees. Albeit on a game called minecraft
There are trees that grow on rocks less than a mile from me. I swear trees can live (and grow) on just about anything. These aren't small trees either. Many of them are taller than most houses.
@@theglobalwarming6081 I've seen trees on top of trees on top of trees on top of trees. Albeit I was on LSD at the time .....
"Food doesn't just fall from the sky!"
_Meanwhile, on the deep sea floor:_ " Woo! Free food!"
Lol
“Manna from Heaven!” -those crabs from Finding Nemo.
The Chernobyl exclusion zone is also home to a lot of Radiotrophic fungus, fungus that live in the most radioactive parts of Chernobyl (for example, inside the power plant that cause the disaster in the first place) and synthesize radiation.
So, they change from green pigment to something "stiffer", yeah?
Like oil-eating bacteria, yes?
So the movie Annihilation is real.
@@sophierobinson2738 These guys are really interesting, because the ability to metabolise oil is very rare. Obviously they are very useful to us, especially if current trends continue, but the evolution of oil metabolism is bizarre in itself. Why would an organism evolve the ability to metabolise a high energy substance that is stored deep underground, especially when the energy release from that fuel store typically requires oxygen?
@@georgemesher8897 as odd as oil-eating bacteria are, I would say Radiotrophic fungus even more strange. Radiation destroys and mutates DNA in every living thing we've ever studied for science yet here is type of fungus that not only likes high levels of radiation but is completely unfazed by it side effects. this kind of goes against our understanding of radiation.
_HOW IS THIS THE FIRST TIME IM LEARNING OF THAT FOREST^2 I'VE LIVED AROUND REDWOODS MOST OF MY LIFE OMG_
I just want to see A redwood. Kinda hard in MN.
Although, one of the largest white pine forests used to take up most of the state. Then humans (namely European settlers) came an cut it down. I believe most of what remains is in Lake of the Woods State Park/BWCAW (Boundary Waters Canoe Area and Wilderness) and along the Northshore of Lake Superior.
@@geekygirl2596 aw...I mean a whole bunch of redwoods were cut down too, unfortunate. Still I hope you get to visit the west coast sometime! They're really a sight to see.
The process of chemosynthesis is particularly interesting for people looking for extraterrestrial life. It means that a planet only needs to be geologically active to host life, energy from a star might not be necessary.
Issue is, liquid water is still necessary. While some planets/moons may be able to maintain liquid water oceans without a stars energy (like Jupiter's moon Europa), we have no evidence that these liquid oceans exist, nor that they can sustain life. And on Earth, we've never found life without liquid water in some capacity. I agree that exobiologists should be using deep ocean biology and chemosynthesis as alternatives to classical ecosystems in the search for extraterrestrial life, but I feel that we need to acknowledge the evidence that we have found on Earth as well.
Genuinely not trying to be argumentative, just interested in the conversation. You make an interesting point, and I wanted to offer a counterpoint :) Hope you enjoy learning about science as much as I do!
@@georgemesher8897 Well as far as we are AWARE liquid water is necessary. Because that's the only reference point we have, life on Earth. It could very well be possible that liquid water is absolutely necessary for life, but in my opinion I would be very surprised if life couldn't form on planet's with other resources. That life could have completely different methods of energy synthesis. Same as you, not being argumentative just adding my opinion.
Including many of the solar systems moons and and even some dwarf planets are geologically active. Life could be right on our door step. All we have to do is look.
@@squeezlebub3593 Water has a lot of properties that make it useful for hosting living things, in particular its solubility rules allowing for lipid bilayers (though we may have to argue if something that isn't cellular can be called 'alive'). Even if it's technically possible, it probably isn't worth spending much time looking for non-aqueous life, at least until we get good enough at nanorobotics to have a decent model of how such a species would even be possible.
Couldn't agree more! We have no frame of reference outside of our collective scientific experience. All we have found on Earth is carbon-based life that is dependent on liquid water, but other biological chemistry is entirely possible inside and outside of our scientific understanding. Silicon, for example, plays a similar role in chemistry to carbon under completely different conditions. Silicon-based life could thrive on planets that would be entirely inhospitable to life as we know it. On top of that, there might be many, many more modes of chemical life than we can conceive of, given our limited perspective.
The treetop one is giving me so many ideas for a D&D campaign.
I'm getting some ideas for a fantasy novel, too.
Like, what about a society living on top of a giant forest, not knowing that the soil beneath their feet is less than 10 meters deep before there are ferns, then branches, and then 100+ meters nothing. They'd have stone tools, if any, live in harmony with the forest around them, and one day some people just break out of the ground.
@@Kartoffelkamm that sounds so awesome. making a fantasy world is hard
@@proffesionalweredog7426 Yeah, but it's also fun. I get to pile up mountain ranges like they're sand, carve oceans as though they were puddles, and bring entire nations into existence with a few words.
I control the fate of however many people I allow in my world, and I can wipe entire races from existence if I so choose.
A church may follow their god, but even that god is nothing before my endless power.
In short: Making your own world is the perfect way to let off some steam, cope with feeling powerless, or explore what it's like to be omnipotent.
@@Kartoffelkamm ive been tryna craft my own fantasy world from scratch, with my own races that i created. im even trying to craft regional cultures for this world and it is like, extremely fun but a little difficult. ive been wanting to work more on it but ive gotten busy
@@proffesionalweredog7426 Yeah, it's a bit difficult sometimes, but in the end, it'll all be worth it.
I think it would be great if you include photos of what you’re talking about (for example trees growing on redwood canopies)
They did
If you need more specific photos, maybe you can go yourself for us all or google it
The ancient underground lake found under Antarctica should be added to this list.
Awesome video! So much valuable information as always!
Futurology Agreed, consistently great contents.
It occurred to me that the people who cut down the redwoods might have noticed, or had a chance to notice, some odd things in the branches, or just through they had knocked down some other trees while felling the redwood.
MATE, I wish people payed attention to that. But when a tree that weighs as much as a redwood is landing near you, the crash makes it hard to distinguish canopy from flying vegetation.
Is that why /how Paul Bunyan is told as someone who chopped down entire forests?
@@kelleenbrx6649 That's deep
Ah, epiphytes. Buggers are everywhere
Stay curious. It's fundamentally what really makes you a scientist.
Okay "bone eating worms" gave me the heebie jeebies
If you look them up, forgot the name, they dont really have mouths. What they do is attach themselves to the bone of the mammal and secrete an acid that breaks down the bone around it. They absorb the nutrients from that.
And they get from one carcass to another. I am in awe.
Just wait until you hear about brain eating amoebas
czcams.com/video/-ZdP216pq7c/video.html
They remind me of the tooth eating faeries from Hellboy 2. Creepy AF.
I read a few years after the Chernobyl accident that in some areas close to the reactor, the radiation had essentially sterilised the environment. Although trees recovered, each autumn when they lost their leaves, there were no insects or microbes to break them down. Researchers later found a decade's worth of annual leaf shed piled up in the forests. It likely has recovered now, and the leaf litter is composting.
"Life... uh... finds a way"
- Jeff Goldblum, Jurassic Park 1993
The Coastal Redwood forests are one of the coolest things ever. Like it seriously feels like you walked into some sort of fantasy property - I kept expecting to look up at some point and see an Elven catwalk. :D
Interesting you should say that...S.M.Stirling seems to have had a similar Idea as he had his Tolkien revering people in the emberverse do exactly that
insteresting you should say that...S.M.Stirling seems to have had a similar ldea as he had his Tolkien revering people in the emberverse do exactly that
I remember learning about chemosynthisis in school in the 90s. It was an amazing discovery that before then people didnt think was possible. Probably one of the reasons i love all science today even tho fluid dynamics is my favorite field
Chemists knew it was possible. It was mainly other science branches that may have had trouble with the idea. It's all just rather straight forward redox reactions after all.
Danish actually has a word, "flyverøn", literaly "flying rowan", for rowan trees growing on the walls on buildings.
Ok. I wanna see this!
When I was a kid in Humboldt Co. CA in the 70's, the Pot Growers would find Redwoods that had fallen over and left these IMMENSE stumps that would then rot from the center and the top making a huge bowl in the stump filled with mulch that they would grow pot plants in so no one could see they were deep in the bowl of 20/30 ft tall stumps. FWIW
What about the complex microscopic ecosystems of people's guts?
Josh ...our stomach acid is indeed very extreme!!!
@@user-ox3ov2qt5o not really
Those ecosystems are comprised almost exclusively of bacteria and yeasts on a human gut surface. They’re diverse within their kingdoms but not between them.
Here in florida there are some trees with cactus growing on them. Ive also had plants growing on the counterweight ballast of my tractor on their own. Life will find a way. 😀
otakuusa animenerd, there are cacti all over trees in Hawaii, too. They’re mostly terrestrial cacti that just got a lousy spot to germinate, but there are some species of cactus that evolved to live in trees and clamber all over them.
#1 is ultra fascinating... I like to think I know lots of things, but I had no idea that smaller trees grow on the branches of bigger trees in their canopy.... _Fascinating_
World is shutdown
Ecosystem: *it's rewind time!*
Ecosystem gets billions of dislikes
Do you immediately click on all SciShow Videos and literally the first person to comment with out much relation to the video so you can get likes?
I haven't heard of any of these. I have heard of bridges, shipwrecks and abandoned oil rigs becoming bases for coral ecosystems, life in volcanoes, and an area (near Austria?) that is an underwater tourist destination during part of the year, and a small, lush oasis at other times. The diversity of life in our world is astonishing.
You just reminded me of a childhood favourite of mine. The tid pools. I have spent days in them every summer until I was 14-15. All the exiting things I observed in them!
This was so cool. I study the fauna in temporary bodies of water and it's always amazing to see how there's life everywhere. The iceberg ecosystem really interested me though.
I remember studying ecosystems in marine ecology 🤗 I liked Whale Fall & Mangrove swamps the best.....also, scientist also found new sharks at Whale Fall
I love this episode. I knew of the ecosystems in the canopy of the rain forests. The fact this is the case with the Redwoods give's us a glimpse into the past. Why do I feel a term paper brewing inside my brain right now? 🤣
Life is strange and very sturdy. It can survive anywhere, provided there is life on that planet. I like learning and I like how this channel is always good at teaching. You're awesome.
I love comment sections for science content. It is a special place in the world.
*Cheers sci show and fellow science enthusiasts.*
People are wondering how trees are growing on top of trees. It’s pretty simple actually. You place a dirt block on the leaves then a sapling on top of it then just add bone meal!
I think organisms in the chernobyl exlusion area show us how sophisticated mutation repair mechanisms are. The microorganism Deinococcus radiodurans was found in power plants in Chernobyl and it seems to thrive in areas with high radiation exposure. Since this puzzled scientists, they investigated the organism and found that it possesses a repair mechanism which connects fragmented DNA in a very efficient manner (Although I'm more biomedically oriented, I would long to make a video about this though!). Our own DNA repair mechanisms are also quite amazing though!
A forest on a canopee? Well that started strong :O
Thank you for using metric units. This will hopefully help move the general public to come to know and accept it as well. After all, all imperial units are already defined in metric units.
This is by far one of the greatest videos I've seen in youtube. Very very informative like no other. Everything is new
Awesome content! Love your videos! Been inspired to start my own Channel!
Just saw your video. Good work mate 👍
Stay motivated!
Amazing content, really helpful. Looking forward to more!
Great content
Hank you are one of the Gifts that Keep on Giving, in these troubled times!!! Your clear diction and wonderful enthusiasm are a joy to behold!! Consider me a fan, lol.
Ah yes, the lesson of Chernobyl: the only thing more harmful to the environment than a nuclear disaster… is the active presence of humans.
If the humans are Doing It Wrong, yeah they are worse
Fortunately not all humans were this dumb all the time
And considering nuclear disasters are also a result of human activity...
Chernobyl was clearly no disaster for the wildlife.
The buttons on Hanks shirt make the center line of the shirt appear brighter...
...just me? ok...
I thought so, too, but having covered the buttons, it looks like it may just be an optical illusion. Or maybe they physically point that part more toward the light.
A friend wanted me to move in with him. I told him he had to get rid of the unlikely ecosystems in the house first.
Freeda Peeple, and in his beard?
I was hoping for sloths! I dunno if you made a video on my favorite animal but they have whole ecosystems on their back - algae is what makes it look green, and hundreds of millions of microscopic organisms exist there, some are found no where else
This video is so interesting!! Thanks SciShow!
The pacific northwest does grow trees, moss, ferns, and shrubs inside other trees and it's really cool looking.
Vey interesting video! It seems like most species are thriving while humans are stuck inside at the moment. Might have to make my own video on that angler. Thanks for the inspiration to us small science guys as always!
I think it's more likely that animals and nature don't care much about viruses. Their lives are going on as normal where ours are not.
Also, maybe the earth is trying to use viruses to sort "quell" our own population growth. Grim thought, but who knows?
I have a question I haven't yet found an answer to. Sorry if it's stupid. Do birds who live in the exclusion zone and migrate to other places carry amounts of radioactive material that can be spread out of the exclusion zone? Either directly on their feathers on through their droppings. I was wondering this especially in the context of ringing and studying birds.
Let's not forget about the fungi that grows inside the meltdown of nuclear reactors, which feeds on the radioactivity to create energy. It is also found that those communities of fungi have a high tendency to grow towards the center of the meltdown, where there are the highest levels of radioation. Just shows how adaptable those life-forms are.
if we track whales, we could probably find more of the whales falls
This is amazing!!! So fascinating!!!
The buttons on your shirt really stand out to me. It’s the repeating pattern on the material itself. Your shirt buttons are perfectly positioned to make the squares on the shirt pattern look like a big X. The button is exactly in the middle of the X.
It stands out more the farther away you are in different sections of the video. The X is really noticeable when you are further back from the camera. Cool effect
11:30 I was expecting you say "Life... finds a way."
Very educational - Thank you!!!
wow so interesting!! i never knew these. thanks for the video scishow gang 💞💞
The first item makes me want to plant things in or on an oak tree of my acquaintance.
Najwa Laylah, if it’s damp enough, some epiphytes like certain ferns will happily grow there.
Just make sure they won't make your oak tree sick 😁💚🌳🌳🌳🌲🌱🌿
This is super fascinating!
Life is opportunistic. Wherever there's a change for life, it will find a way.
At least here. NASA needs to send a probe below Europe frozen oceans.
All life on Earth is related, so we only have evidence of life evolving once. If it really was so amazingly likely, there would probably be more than one lineage. There are limits to everything even life. It doesn't always uh uh uh find a way.
Do you mean Europa?
To do that they'd probably need to get more than a fraction of a percent of the national budget. 🤔
@@patrickmccurry1563 our knowledge of planets outside of our own solar system is pretty limited, I think it's honestly too early to say that.
@@letitiajeavons6333 well, of course, sending a probe to Europe to fuel the conspiracy theory that social programs work would be an example of big government wasteful spending
One of my favorite videos recently.
I wonder what weirdness would come of the unlikely but possible event of a whale fall landing right on a vent system
Some extra ones are life found in geysers, inhabited by extremophile bacteria, then immediately in the cavities of underground water reservoirs, insectivore bats have defecate to a point that there is a poop layer covering the bottom of the water. I don't recall who exactly did it, but I remember a YT video from a few years ago touched upon that cool cave ecosystem.
Awesome episode.
Could you maybe please make a video on Randle cycle ? It's interesting (you guys can sure make it interesting)
Great video!
INCREDIBLE: Vents release these organisms, organisms create energy from chemical reactions! WOAH
PsychoSocialCreation, almost. The vents release heat and chemicals. Bacteria synthesize those chemicals into food and energy. A food web of many different organisms builds off of that.
Wow! Talk about blowing my head away!
Those redwood canopy ecosystems blew my mind. Just when you think you have a good grasp on what ecosystems are around something like this comes along. This world is amazing. 4/5
I give redwood canopy ecosystems five stars. ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
That was a great list!!
hydrothermal vent creatures might actually be used to clean up many waste products as well when speciffically raised.
my father was the one who needed to figure out why the early computer chip making mashines didn't work well when they made them smaller and faster to produce chips, essentially he figured out the things which are behind the big proceses which companies like TSMC use now/further develop now.(in this case my father mostly was the person who figured out why things didn't work and how to make them work, since back them such things wheren't really known. for example things like a clean room being needed to get proper production or dust and humidity effecing the proces so much that even a little moist or static charge can ruin the entire proces where things they didn't know back then which my father had figured out, by deciding to use high speed microscopic(as in vieuw area, not in actual camera size) cameras and just high speed cameras to look at exactly what went wrong, he got them to lend those from some company specialized in those. even microscopic amounts of moist would ruin the entire production process since parts would stick and not position well etc.(that was just one of the many things). he actually later almost went to work at ASML since they wanted him and the company he worked got mostly shut down and taken over by those other companies after the twintowers collapsed, despite that being so far away, even in netherlands the effects where great, especially in the computer chip making industry.
but the thing that makes it relevant here is that at some point they also discovered that in the tanks of concentrated cyanide with some gold particles in it, there actually had developed a species of small lobster like creatures, which actually survived in there very well. that was also quite much a new thing back then. the impressive part is that despite that being before they actually figured out that such things should be kept very clean they still didn't add in such creatures themselves, and it still was inside some company hall, so somehow those creatures mucst have come in through the air as some form of bacteria or such and evolved into those lobster like creatures that fast.
I'll bet your father had many interesting stories to tell, and loved his work.
My dad was the same way about his work - he loved aircraft, especially fixed wing jets. He loved solving problems on them.
@@jeanjaz jeah indeed. only in his case it was less speciffic and just solving problems on many places, even though he did a lot in that speciffic field with developing and fixing those machines.
but planes are great, they would be the future if it where not for broken laws, since a well designed plane is many times more efficient and fast and safe as a average car, even those standard very old 2 to 4 people tour or stunt or general purpose planes already reached fuell efficiency over 20km/l.
with modern technology and some design changes to reduce turbulence, increase efficiency and stability, as well as chances in propulsion planes could provide insane fuell efficiency.
I know that in germany some people modded their drachenfliegers(hangglider) with simple rc motors and since unlike paragliders drachenfliegers actually are quite efficient when motorized, some of them could even take off from a open field by just running hard and jumping, and once in the air they could very easily stay up and go super fast.
flying is one of those things people tend to know very little about and so underestimate or estimate completely wrong. for example most people assume planes are like rockets needing to hold their complete weight up with their engines constantly. but in reality with decent wings it is like a insane gear ratio making sure a well designed plane needs almost no power to stay up once they are up into the air, and planes in the air when designed properly have almost no friction or resistance compared to a normal car or such(ofcource this differs for the huge planes and such and cargo or passenger planes since they need to have tiny wings compared to their size to fit on the runway)
I would love to see more flying like transport, and then especially free single person gliding transport as well, essentially just some glorified version of a old drachenflieger(I called it a hangglider before but in reality drachenfliegers where and came in many more shapes and such in the past when it was still a mostly unregulated pioneer hobby for people)
essentially having a way to increase glide and stability even more and add some small motors to allow further and faster flight in all conditions while keeping it light weight, and optimally also a way to easily take them along and make them compact, so anyone willing to can just kind of fly around anywhere kind of as if they can fly themselves.
@@ted_van_loon Cool thoughts!
Do drachenfliegers use wing shape for lift like fixed wing aircraft, or just updrafts?
@@jeanjaz depends, drachenfliegers had many different shapes originally, back then they even already accidentally or knowingly on purpose some wings with similar properties to prandtl.
some only used updrafts, but many also had special wing shapes.
many of the ultralight planes(those which used sail material wings) where based on drachenfliegers, just with a seat and motor added.
so you have many differences in it, essentially the main rule behind it originally was that it where typically self made or group made(before it went really commercial) glider (planes) which one can easily move around using a normal car and also light enough to move easily by hand.
the hapes and profiles they used changed a lot since it kind of was second stage pioneering hobby, you have those which look like normal planes, those which look like a triangle, and some random other shapes, as well as having very different wing profiles/shapes to generate lift or only use updraft. average designs also changed depending on the place the person making it would most often go.
these days the famous triangular hanglider is mostly the only one still in wide use outside of ultilights and such(so still like a glider). that is probably since they are very easy and cheap to make in comparison with many other designs and they also are very general still meaning you can use them in most conditions, not always the best but often above the avererage. and ofcource they are more easy to make safe and transporting them is more easy compared to some of the more plane like designs.
the triangle model probably only really gets beaten when talking about geometric(passive) autostabilization and glide ratio, won't mention speed since they are more than fast enough.
essentially drachenfliegers are just gliders and glider planes people would often make at home, they are unmotorized, and typically very light and can be taken apart easily for easy transport.
it kind of began mostly with Otto Lilienthal, but after the world war it got a insane peak in people doing it due to motorized planes being banned in germany around that time, also since back then there wheren't really any seriously prohibiting laws or such regarding unmotorized planes and gliders, especially not around the lightweight ones, it was basically similar to riding a bike.
it mostly ended when it was kind of made illegal/commercialized, currently you need to have a lot of very expensive licences to even fly one such gliders and many extra equipment, and the glider also needs to be labeled and licenced by speciffic companie so building your own also typically is illegal unless you have enough money to get your design tested and accepted.
laws kind of ruined it.
ofcource this is in west europe there are places where such things are still allowed or more allowed, I have heard that in some parts of usa you are even allowed to fly a motorized ultralight without licence
🤯 wow! Incredibly amazing! ❤🌎
wow so helpful thx ;)
I love redwood trees and I wish they loved me back
@I1am2me3DuhP: Give it time, man. Those trees will eventually rescind the restraining order, once they realize they need your CO2 to survive.
I never understood you guys who are into plus sized trees, smaller trees are so much tighter you know?
I wanna say is was one of y'all's videos (maybe Eons, i can't remember) that talked about those hydrothermal vent biomes possibly making more biodiversity possible by eating the methane and cooling the planet, and that it could have been the first life.
The one about Redwoods may be the only one that was new to me, but WOAH was that one cool!
You'd like the yatamu. They are massive spongy ribbon creatures flying in dense atmosphere that hold civilizations of ant sized sentients on their backs.
I don't get any relevant results for "yatamu" on Google. Care to elaborate on what you're referencing?
I searched "yatamu" with multiple search engines, Google, Google Scholar, Bing, Yahoo, DuckDuckGo, Ecosia and Ekoru. No results said anything about this, not even fictional projects like SCP Foundation show up. Where are you sourcing your information?
@@gonderage they're on a planet I've been to. They are not within the realm of human knowledge however.
aw darn, mortalblocked again
Chernobyl’s a fascinating place, the HBO series made more people interested in it
This video is one huge "Life, uh, finds a way." quote hehe
4:25 NAUTILUS LIVE YES!!!! WOO!!
ahem.
Whale falls are nifty :D
Also, I'm both disappointed and glad that you didn't go for the easy line of "life finds a way" haha
love nautilus live
BP of water: 100°C = 373K, and 350°C = 623K (actually about 1.67 times normal BP of water, but still pretty hot)
Dammit, beat by an hour. Of course I was.
The first ecosystem in the tree tops is such a bizarre and amazing thing
Edit: they all match this is such a fantastic video
WOAH. Those redwood canopy ecosystems sound like something out of a Tolkien novel. Like, are there elves living up there, in a forest hundreds of feet above the ground? I am immediately going to have to write this into a DND campaign 😮😮😮
You can hear the excitement in Hank's voice in this video
Could y’all make a video on the microbial reefs of the Black Sea?
It's show us that there's still a lot of thińg we do not discover yet.
What a beautiful nature!!!
good video, but 300 Celsius is not 3 times 100 Celsius (as said about hydrothermal vents), since 0 Celsius is arbitrary. It would make more sense to compare using Kelvin, where those numbers would be 373 and 573.
I wish there were more pictures of trees growing in a redwood canopy.
Even if humans disappear.. life will go on. Nice one!
Yami Yugi(*abridged*): *That's crazy!*
I plan to go see the Redwood Forest next Spring....
So interesting .
I never realized Catherine was such a good barber
"Only 10% of the ocean has been mapped"
What does that even mean? Are the features I see on ocean floor maps made up?
They meant underwater not radar
Yeah, we can figure out what the bottom of the ocean looks like, but what lives there and from the surface to the bottom is a much harder question to answer.
Most mutations are bad but some are good. The bad tend to die out and the good tend to thrive. It will be interesting to see if in a 100 years the higher radioactivity in Chernobyl will cause noticeably quicker evolution in some species in the area. Like those birds.
Could you make a video addressing pop sciences effects on scientific research and public impressions.
When he discussed icebergs at 8:12, and freshwater phytoplankton - how does that work? Did they blow in on a wind serendipitously? Were they frozen in the ice, then reactivated when the ice thawed? I wonder where they came from.
Oh Redwood trees. As if I didn't already love tree enough.
Hmm, I wonder if Hank considers Lions, Tigers, Hyenas, Bears primarily "scavengers"?
Hank for President!
So, my Minecraft farm in the treetops wasn't such an insane concept after all... :P
lol
What about the microbiomes inside of mammalian digestion tracts?
outside ((:
There are some people who have returned to their villages in the exclusion zone.
Yes.
To some living things, a floating iceberg is an entire universe!
or a sweaty crotch? 🤣🤣🤣🤣
0:53 The US is notorious for widespread use of imperial measures of length, but this goes beyond that. "37 storeys"?? Why on earth would anyone think that a length would best be given in storeys?
Umm, just figure a story is approx. 10 feet (I think). My old house was 2 stories (well, actually 1.5 stories). We had a row of Chinese Elm on each side. On one side, they were all considerably taller than the house. Not so much on the other side.
I currently live in a 4 (likely 3.5) story tall apartment building. There is a tree that grows between my building and the single house next door. That tree is nearly as tall as the house, and almost half as tall as my building.